Research and Practice of the P.E. Information Teaching Design System

In this paper, the physical education information teaching design system is researched and developed based on VB6.0 optimization platform. According to the national physical education and health course standards and the fundamental theories of the constructivisrn, the author adopts the modular-design development method to design two functional areas which are the displaying of the teaching design contents and the online information database （nine modules in total） on the basis of the P.E. teaching design flow. Importantly, this system features the compatibility, scalability and practical applicability, and can effectively improve the ability of P.E. teachers to design their teaching, and hence provides a guarantee for the improvement of teaching quality and efficiency.

Analysis on the Optimization of the P.E. Course Teaching Plan in Colleges and Universities

In the new period, the physical education in colleges and universities is of greater and greater significance for the enhancement of students＇ learning efficiency. In this paper, the current situation of the current physical education is analyzed, and also related suggestions on the optimization of the P.E. course teaching plan are proposed.

The Limitations of Polygenic Hypothesis and Theorizing about Dual Multiple Factors and Three Normal Distributions

The original data of Nilsson-Ehle experiment in wheat were analyzed with existent genetic knowledge. It indicated that the core of polygenic hypothesis from this experiment was that a character similarity produced by additive effect of multiple genes was the basis of continuous variation. Its precondition was for effective genes to have equal effect, to show merodominance and binomial distribution and to inherit independently. In fact, quantitative characters were determined by many genes with different property, effect and behavior. So it was difficult to solve all problems of continuous variation by the aid of polygenic hypothesis. The researchers should seek new ways. With Mendelian group as research object and by means of Lyapunov central limit theorem it was proved that both genotypic value G and the environmental effect in a niche E were subordinated to the normal distribution and respectively. According to additivity of the normal distribution the phenotype P = G + E also obeyed the normal distribution P = G + E ~ and quantitative characters showed continuous variation, whether or not the linkage was presented, whether or not every gene effect was equal, whether or not there were dominance and what kind of dominance between alleles. Moreover it was discussed that the quantitative characters in self-fertilized organism and clone were submitted to the normal distribution and presented continuous variation too.

Hepatic Protective Effects of <i>S</i>-Allyl-L-Cysteine (SAC) in Rats with Carbon Tetrachloride (CCl₄) Induced Liver Injury

S-allyl-L-cysteine (SAC) is an organosulfur compound derived from aged garlic extract (AGE). Studies have reported that AGE possesses bioprotective capacity, including antidiabetic, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antitumor effects. The present study examined the protective effects of SAC against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Ten male Wistar rats aged 11 - 12 weeks were randomly divided into two groups (five rats/group) as control and SAC groups. All rats had ad libitum access to water, and the SAC group received water containing SAC intragastrically (200 mg/kg) once daily for five consecutive weeks. In the fifth experimental week, 50% CCl4 in olive oil (1 mL/kg) was administered intraperitoneally three times a week to induce liver injury in both groups. Rats were sacrificed at 24 hours after the last CCl4 injection, and liver tissues were excised for histopathological, immunohistochemical and antioxidant analyses. The rats in the SAC group did not show abnormal behavior, such as decreased water intake or food consumption, during the experimental period. Body weights in all groups did not change significantly over the experimental period. Histopathological analysis showed that the percentage of hepatic steatosis was lower in the SAC group at 12.75% ± 3.74% compared to 24.64% ± 5.29% in the control group (p < 0.05). The percentage of cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1) distribution area in the SAC group was also lower at 19.61% ± 6.18% compared with 25.22% ± 6.21% in the control group (p < 0.05). These results suggest that SAC can alleviate CCl4-induced liver damage by decreasing hepatic steatosis and reducing CYP2E1 expression in rats.

An Analysis of Development as A Reflective Teacher in Higher Education

Effective teaching is every teacher's teaching goal.How to reach the aim is to reflect on the teaching.The following document describes the development on how to reflect the teaching.The main purpose of this analysis is to show how effective and important the reflection on the teaching and to show how useful the reflection which can make the teacher change the way of teaching,encouraging the students to adopt a deep approach in their learning.

“三提升”与“五重构”:电子商务物流管理课程教学改革与创新

电子商务物流管理是电子商务专业必修课程,是在学生掌握基本的管理经济学理论、运筹学方法和编程能力后,开设的一门针对电子商务环境下物流管理与实施问题的专业课程。针对新文科建设和“十四五”期间对电商人才实践能力、专业化程度等新要求,以及本课程学生存在的教学痛点,该文以提升育人效果为总体目标,聚焦提升实践能力、高阶思维能力和学习内驱力的“三提升”教学效果提升目标,实施教学内容、教学模式、教学资源、思政育人体系、教学评价机制的“五重构”教学改革方案,取得较好的教学效果。

NAND flash service lifetime estimate with recovery effect and retention time relaxation

A service life model of NAND flash and threshold voltage shift process is proposed to calculate the service life and endurance.The relationships among achievable program/erase(P/E) cycles,recovery time,bad block rate and storage time are analyzed.The achievable endurance and service life of a NAND flash are evaluated based on a flash cell degradation and recovery model by varying recovery time,badblock rate,and storage time.It is proposed to improve the service lifetime of solid state disk by both relaxing the bad block rate limitation and retention time while extending the recovery time.The results indicate that endurance can be improved by 17 times if the storage time guarantee is reduced from 10 a to 1 a with 105 s recovery time inserted between cycles.

粤港澳大湾区背景下跨境电商专业课程教学方法创新探索——以广州华商学院为例

为更好地适应国际环境的变化,培养不断适应国际贸易变换的专业性人才。广州华商学院基于实践要求对国际经济与贸易专业的培养方案进行调整,引入上海敏学跨境电商仿真实训平台,通过仿真实训对跨境电商专业课程进行双重教学。为切实了解学生在学习该课程的学习体验和学习效果,本文针对2021年-2022年春季学期对该实训平台使用的学生进行问卷调查,以期更好评估上海敏学仿真实训平台在该课程中的重要作用。通过构建层次性的课程体系实现理论知识的层层递进,推进理论与实践双重教学方法实现理论与实践能力的融合统一,深化校企合作联合育人,立足“粤港澳大湾区”建设背景,培养特色跨境电商人才,将国际贸易、跨境电商人才能力培养落到实处。

对体育教学有效性的几点思考

从体育教学有效性理论基础的角度,探讨体育教学有效性的概念、体育教学目标有效性的依据和要求,并提出体育教学有效性关键在于以学生为主体,以及提高体育教学有效性的策略。

普通高校学生的体育行为调查研究

通过对广东省８所高校大学生的问卷调查，就大学生的体育兴趣、体育课现状的态度、学校体育设置的满意度、对教师工作的满意度等方面进行了调查分析；同时也对大学生的体育行为进行了分析；并在调查研究的基础上对我国高校的体育教育的指导思想和体育教学形式进行了反思，提出了以学生为本设计高校体育的教学形式。

从事实出发:运用“黑箱”理论对体育新课程改革的审视

借用"黑箱"方法的分析思路,对体育新课程改革的效果及制约体育新课程改革的源发性问题进行了分析。从教育部、体育总局等部门联合发布的相关调查数据来看,体育新课程改革的收效甚微。制约体育新课程改革取得预期效果的"源发性"问题有三:一是教育本身的制度性障碍;二是体育新课程改革的理论依据不周密;三是体育新课程改革目标的检验性差。对课程改革的制度性障碍,单靠体育本身的力量很难克服。因此,在体育新课程改革的未来道路上,应当着力于课程方案的完善,特别是对课程的理论支持系统和课程的目标体系进行完善。

通过体育课程改革培养学生社会性和社会适应能力的假说——行政班体育课走向走班制体育课:“班文化”走向“队文化”

传统运动训练中的"运动队"形成了一种"队文化",而"队文化"中蕴含许多宝贵的集体教育因素;但当运动变成了学校的体育课程之后,"队"变成了"班","队文化"变成了"班文化"。于是体育集体的教育因素也随之变化,但是在以往教学"蜻蜓点水、低级重复"的现状下,体育教学过程越来越短,技能学习深度越来越浅,体育竞赛要素越来越少,同学之间的联系和互动也越来越少,在"学不会"的同时,体育的教育功能也越来越差。随着"走班制教学"逐渐被研究被实验后,在"走班制教学"中也出现"队文化"的端倪,这给体育学科的"立德树人"和亲社会态度与行为的有效培养带来机会。为此,就"班文化"和"队文化"的区别及其中教育功能的差异进行深入的分析,提出在完成"确保学生掌握至少一项运动技能"目标与任务的同时,实现"立德树人"和实现《体育与健康课程标准》提出的培养"社会适应能力"发展的目标与任务的设想。

构建学习型公共体育教学模式的实验与探索

应用学习型组织(Learn ing O rgan ization)理论,将班级、代表队、体协等作为学习型组织进行整体设计;学习型公共体育教学模式由体育必修课、体育选修课、课外体育锻炼、竞技体育训练课组成“学习平台”;以体育课堂教学为中心,建立学习型体育教学的导向机制;以培养学生主动学习为突破口,建立学生主动学习的运行机制;构建课内外一体化的学习大环境,建立实践与应用机制。

扩招条件下高校体育教学模式改革的实验研究

我国高校传统体育教学模式严重不适合高校发展现状,突出课程和学科特点的体育教学无法实现学校体育的价值与功能,造成许多负面影响,与素质教育的需求不一致。实行体育俱乐部模式,学生自选教师、项目和上课时间,不仅可以体现以学生为主体的教学思想,而且有利于营造生动、活泼、主动的教学氛围,同时有助于缓解目前高校生均体育资源的困境。

普通高等学校公共体育课教学有效性刍议

当下我国普通高等学校公共体育课教学普遍存在的课时减少、学生厌学、质量下滑等问题,说明了公共体育课教学准备、实施及评价环节有效性在持续弱化,如果不刻意谋求体育教学价值的实现、体育教学活动的收益和体育教学评价的公正,那么不仅难以解决学生是否愿意学、主动学和怎么学、会不会学的问题,甚至不可能使之通过端正学习态度、提高学习兴趣这一过程予以佐证公共体育课教学有效性。

兰州交通大学实行俱乐部制体育教学模式探析

本文运用文献资料法、访谈法、观察法等方法,在了解俱乐部制体育教学模式基本特征的基础上,对兰州交通大学实行俱乐部制体育教学模式的可行性进行分析。认为:1)俱乐部制体育教学模式理论依据充分、实效性和可操作性强,符合高校特点。2)兰州交通大学已有的硬件、软件、活件条件,适合俱乐部制体育教学模式。

大、中、小学体育课程教材内容一体化的研究

在调查各地实施新的《全国普通高等学校体育课程教学指导纲要》、《学生体质健康标准》和《中小学体育与健康课程标准》过程中,分析了大、中、小学体育课程教材内容一体化的现状;从理论上探讨了如何实现大、中、小学体育课程教材内容一体化,以提高体育课程教材内容的科学性与逻辑性,使体育课程教材内容既反映社会需要,也反映学生个体需要;旨在为各地、各校在编制不同层次体育课程教材内容时提供参考。

高职体育课程内容体系设计与实施构想

我国高职院校体育课程一直沿用普通高等学校的课程体系,没有形成符合自身职业教育特点的内容体系。如何以进一步提高学生的终身体育能力为宗旨,着眼于学生未来的发展,兼顾学生个体的差异和未来职业发展的需要来选择高职体育课程的内容,是高职体育课程改革的基本要求。高职体育课程内容可分为认知内容、技能内容和活动内容3大类。在高职体育课程设置中,综合高职院校专业的特点和职业岗位对身体运动技能(操作技能)、身体体能素质和身体形态素养的要求,将高职学生的职业实用身体训练分为车间操作、户外活动、办公管理和办公交往4大类,有针对性地进行专门锻炼。通过体育知识、运动技能、体能发展、体育态度、心理发展和职业身体训练6大模块的教学过程实现高职体育课程总目标。

计算机辅助教学(CAI)在体育教学改革中的应用

将CAI技术引入体育教学的功效在于，改进了教学方法与体系，提高了学生学习的主动性，加强了学生学习的针对性，提高了教师教学效率与知识水平、促进了学生的学习积极性，加速了知识的更新速度。计算机辅助教学课件研制的基本程序为：课件的选题、课件的设计、脚本的编写、课件的制作。

期待视野下的高校公共体育课程教学透视

以美学中的"期待视野"理论和重要原则"视野融合"为理论依据和出发点,融合体育课程教学与"期待视野"的关系,从"期待视野"角度透视高校公共体育课程教学,提出以"内容"为关键、以"教法"为基础、以"效果"为保证、以"氛围"为动力四个方面提高高校公共体育课程教学效果的策略。