Effective dynamics for a spin-1/2 particle constrained to a curved layer with inhomogeneous thickness

We derive an effective Hamiltonian for a spin-1/2 particle confined within a curved thin layer with non-uniform thickness using the confining potential approach.Our analysis reveals the presence of a pseudo-magnetic field and effective spin–orbit interaction(SOI)arising from the curvature,as well as an effective scalar potential resulting from variations in thickness.Importantly,we demonstrate that the physical effect of additional SOI from thickness fluctuations vanishes in low-dimensional systems,thus guaranteeing the robustness of spin interference measurements to thickness imperfection.Furthermore,we establish the applicability of the effective Hamiltonian in both symmetric and asymmetric confinement scenarios,which is crucial for its utilization in one-side etching systems.

Curved surface effect and emission on silicon nanostructures

The curved surface （CS） effect on nanosilicon plays a main role in the activation for emission and photonic manipulation. The CS effect breaks the symmetrical shape of nanosilicon on which some bonds can produce localized electron states in the band gap. The investigation in calculation and experiment demonstrates that the different curvatures can form the characteristic electron states for some special bonding on the nanosilicon surface, which are related to a series of peaks in photoluminecience （PL）, such as LN, LNO, Lo1, and Lo2 lines in PL spectra due to Si-N, Si-NO, Si=O, and Si-O-Si bonds on curved surface, respectively. Si-Yb bond on curved surface of Si nanostructures can provide the localized states in the band gap deeply and manipulate the emission wavelength into the window of optical communication by the CS effect, which is marked as the Lyb line of electroluminescence （EL） emission.

A Review of Geothermal Type-Curves with Damage Effect: A Case of Practical Apply to a Mexican Geothermal Field

A review of the art state was developed about the inflow relationships and their application for reservoir characterization. The theoretical development of the methodology for determining the damage effect using type-curves of the inflow relationships was shown. We show the process followed for achieve the geothermal type-curve affected with damage for reservoirs with mean salinities of 30000 ppm and temperatures up to 350℃. This type-curve was applied using measurement production data in a Mexican geothermal field. According with the obtained results is shown that the methodology for determining the damage effect using production measurements is a sure alternative for the damage effect calculation. It was used an alternative methodology in order to validate the damage presence and the obtained results were consistent. Last thing shows that both methodologies can be combined as a confident manner.

Gravitational Faraday effect in curved space-time induced by high-power lasers

Gravitational field produced by high-power laser is calculated according to the linearized Einstein field equation in weak field approximation. Gravitational Faraday effect of electromagnetic wave propagating in the above gravitational field is studied and the rotation angle of polarization plane of electromagnetic wave is derived. The result is discussed and estimated under the condition of present experiment facility.

基于Curve Fitting Toolbox的普朗克常数测定

介绍了使用MATLAB曲线拟合工具箱(Curve Fitting Toolbox)对光电效应实验数据进行曲线拟合,并利用曲线拟合的结果计算得到了普朗克常数.结果显示,利用曲线拟合工具箱能方便、直观的对实验数据进行拟合,使得实验的数据处理过程方便、准确.

Study on curved surface fitting model using GPS and leveling in local area

The height anomaly surface is fitt and the quasi-geoid can be obtained when the height anomaly is determined with the geometric analytic method. Therefore, some mathematical models to fit height anomaly surface using GPS, leveling and terrain data in a local area, including the polynomial fitting model, the multi-surface function fitting model, the motion surface fitting model and the fitting model of little flexibility deformation of thin board, are given. Then the digital characteristics are analyzed with the curved surface theory. The General curvature and the mean curvature of surface are concluded. The advantage, disadvantage and application of the above models are discussed. The effect of terrain undulation on height anomaly is considered in the surface fitting models. The practical case indicates that these models are of validity and practicability. It is concluded that the above models can give the good fitting results at the centimeter level. But the polynomial fitting model is worse than the other models.

Development of seismic fragility curves for precast concrete frames with cast-in-situ concrete shear-walls

Precast reinforced concrete buildings have been well received in some seismic zones worldwide due to advantages such as the ease and the speed of implementation,and the possibility of working in inappropriate atmospheric conditions.In this research,seismic fragility curves were developed for precast concrete frames with a cast-in-situ concrete shear-wall,concerning the important issues of modeling the precast beam-column joints,construction quality,and soil type effects.For this purpose,the incremental dynamic analysis(IDA)was conducted for three-dimensional models of 3-,5-,and 8-story buildings under two record sets corresponding to soil types C and D of the NEHRP code.Beam-column joints were modeled using nonlinear rotational springs with rigid links with respect to the finite size of the joint panel.Results demonstrate that the Weibull distribution can be fitted to the damage state capacities better than the lognormal distribution at the intensities that are more than one standard deviation away from the median damage capacity.The seismic vulnerability of precast structures increases at all damage states as the height of the building increases.It is also observed that soil type has almost no considerable effect on the fragility curve parameters for all damage states considered herein.

Impact of Monthly Curve Number on Daily Runoff Estimation for Ozat Catchment in India

The Soil Conservation Service Curve Number (SCS-CN) is a well-established loss-rate model to estimate runoff. It combines watershed parameters and climatic factors in one entity curve number (CN). The CN exhibits an inherent seasonality beyond its spatial variability, which cannot be accounted for by the conventional methods. In the present study, an attempt has been made to determine the CN for different months of monsoon season with an objective to evaluate the impact of monthly CN on runoff estimation for Ozat catchment (Gujarat State, India). The standard CN and month wise CN were determined by three procedures, viz, the median, geometric mean and standard asymptotic fit using gauged rainfall and runoff. This study shows that the predictive capability of CN determination methods can be improved by using monthly CN. Refined Willmott’s index (dr) and mean absolute error (MAE) were used to assess and validate the performance of each method. The asymptotic fit CN method with monthly CN resulting dr from 0.46 to 0.49 and MAE from 1.13 mm to 1.18 mm was judged to be more consistent with the existing commonly used CN methods in terms of runoff estimation for the study area.

Electromagnetohydrodynamic flows and mass transport in curved rectangular microchannels

Curved microchannels are often encountered in lab-on-chip systems because the effective axial channel lengths of such channels are often larger than those of straight microchannels for a given per unit chip length.In this paper,the effective diffusivity of a neutral solute in an oscillating electromagnetohydrodynamic(EMHD)flow through a curved rectangular microchannel is investigated theoretically.The flow is assumed as a creeping flow due to the extremely low Reynolds number in such microflow systems.Through the theoretical analysis,we find that the effective diffusivity primarily depends on five dimensionless parameters,i.e.,the curvature ratio of the curved channel,the Schmidt number,the tidal displacement,the angular Reynolds number,and the dimensionless electric field strength parameter.Based on the obtained results,we can precisely control the mass transfer characteristics of the EMHD flow in a curved rectangular microchannel by appropriately altering the corresponding parameter values.

An analytical p-y curve method based on compressive soil pressure model in sand soil

With the high-quality development of urban buildings,higher requirements are come up with for lateral bearing capacity of laterally loaded piles.Consequently,a more accurate analysis to predict the lateral response of the pile within an allowable displacement is an important issue.However,the current p-y curve methods cannot fully take into account the pile-soil interaction,which will lead to a large calculation difference.In this paper,a new analytical p-y curve is established and a finite difference method for determining the lateral response of pile is proposed,which can consider the separation effect of pile-soil interface and the coefficient of circumferential friction resistance.In particular,an analytical expression is developed to determine the compressive soil pressure by dividing the compressive soil pressure into two parts:initial compressive soil pressure and increment of compressive soil pressure.In addition,the relationship between compressive soil pressure and horizontal displacement of the pile is established based on the reasonable assumption.The correctness of the proposed method is verified through four examples.Based on the verified method,a parametric analysis is also conducted to investigate the influences of factors on lateral response of the pile,including internal friction angle,pile length and elastic modulus of pile.

Bradley Curve视角下矿工违章行为的惩罚机制分析

为有效约束矿工违章行为、促进煤矿安全生产,从惩罚机制有无溢出效应的对比视角出发,构建矿工与煤矿企业的演化博弈模型,分析两种惩罚机制下系统的演化稳定策略,并以平顶山市某煤矿的“安全伙伴”制度为例进行算例分析。研究结果从制度层面验证了Bradley Curve存在的合理性,即针对群体互助管理的溢出性惩罚制度优于针对个体独立管理的非溢出性惩罚制度;实施溢出性惩罚制度可以促使矿工由Bradley Curve中的自主管理阶段转向互助管理阶段,从而降低事故伤害的概率。结合示例,该煤矿的最优安全伙伴成员数量为2人。

Modeling and Analyzing for a Novel Continuum Model Considering Self-Stabilizing Control on Curved Road with Slope

It is essential to fully understand master the traffic characteristics of the self-stabilizing control effect and roadcharacteristics to ensure the regular operation of transportation. Traffic flow on curved roads and slopes is irregularand more complicated than that on the straight road. However, most of the research only considers the effect ofself-stabilizing in the straight road. This study attempts to bridge this deficiency from the following three aspects.First, we review the potential influencing factors of traffic flow stability, which are related to the vehicle’s steadyvelocity, history velocity, and the turn radius of the road and the slope of the road. Based on the above review,an extended continuum model accounting for the self-stabilizing effect on a curved road with slope is proposed.Second, the linear stability criterion of the new model is derived by applying linear stability theory, and the neutralstability curve is obtained in detail. The modified KdV equation describing the evolution characteristics of trafficcongestion is derived by using the nonlinear analysis method. Upon the theoretical analysis, the third aspectfocuses on simulating the self-stabilizing effect under different slopes and radius, which demonstrates that theself-stabilizing effect is conducive to reducing congestion of the curved road with slope.

Testing the Hypothesis of J Curve for Turkish Economy

The purpose of this paper is to find the relationship between balance of foreign trade and real exchange rate in econometrics concept by using time series method. The authors used annual data of foreign trade deficit, real exchange rate, gross domestic product （GDP） of Turkey from 1989 to 2014, and analyzed the long-term relation of them by using ARDL bound testing method. By the result of test method; although there was a long-term relationship between balance of foreign trade, real exchange rate, GDP of Turkey and of the world, the coefficient of real exchange rate was insignificant in terms of statistical methods. Turkey and the world as well as being statistically significant coefficient of GDP, it was concluded that there was significant relationship with the economic aspects.

Matrix effect suppressing in the element analysis of soils by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy with acoustic correction

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS)has been used for soil analysis,but its measurement accuracy is often influenced by matrix effects of different kinds of soils.In this work,a method for matrix effect suppressing was developed using laser-induced plasma acoustic signals to correct the original spectrum,thereby improving the analysis accuracy of the soil elements.A good linear relationship was investigated firstly between the original spectral intensity and the acoustic signals.The relative standard deviations(RSDs)of Mg,Ca,Sr,and Ba elements were then calculated for both the original spectrum and the spectrum with the acoustic correction,and the RSDs were significantly reduced with the acoustic correction.Finally,calibration curves of MgⅠ285.213 nm,CaⅠ422.673 nm,SrⅠ460.733 nm and BaⅡ455.403 nm were established to assess the analytical performance of the proposed acoustic correction method.The values of the determination coefficient(R~2)of the calibration curves for Mg,Ca,Sr,and Ba elements,corrected by the acoustic amplitude,are improved from 0.9845,0.9588,0.6165,and 0.6490 to 0.9876,0.9677,0.8768,and 0.8209,respectively.The values of R~2 of the calibration curves corrected by the acoustic energy are further improved to 0.9917,0.9827,0.8835,and 0.8694,respectively.These results suggest that the matrix effect of LIBS on soils can be clearly improved by using acoustic correction,and acoustic energy correction works more efficiently than acoustic amplitude correction.This work provides a simple and efficient method for correcting matrix effects in the element analysis of soils by acoustic signals.

ANALYSIS AND PREDICTION OF INTERFERENCE IN ASSEMBLING CURVED BEVEL GEARS

The phenomena of interference in the course of assembling curved bevel gears are ana. lysed and the corresponding prediction program of interference is established taking KlingInberg bevel gear as an exmple. The factors influencing interferenee are discussed and the coneept ofcritical cutter radius is proposed. Finally, a simplified approximate function between the critical cutter ra- dius and the other factors is derived,and the designing method of avoiding interferenee is provided. The analysis and caiculation are proved to consistent with a case of actual product.

Discrimination of Structural Isomers of Aromatic Compounds with EI Mass Spectra and Their Ionization Efficiency Curves of Dehydrogenated Fragment Ions

The mechanism of ionization and fragmentation for terphenyl (diphenylbenzene) with three structural ring isomers (ortho-, meta- and para-), and stilbene (1,2-diphenylethylene) with two geometrical isomers (trans- and cis-) by EI mass spectrometry and ionization efficiency curves are investigation.

Experimental Study and Fragility Analysis of Effective-Length Factors in Column Buckling

The design of columns relies heavily on the basis of Leonhard Euler’s Theory of Elastic Buckling.However,to increase the accuracy in determining the maximum critical load a column can withstand before buckling,a constant was introduced.This dimensionless coefficient is K,also known as the effective-length factor.This constant is often found in building design codes and varies in value depending on the type of column support that is applied.This paper presents experimental and analytical studies on the determination of the effective-length factor in the buckling stability of columns with partially-fixed support conditions.To this end,the accurate K value of the columns tested by the Instron Testing Machine(ITM)at California State University,Northridge’s(CSUN’s)Mechanics Laboratory is determined.The ITM is used in studying the buckling of columns where the supports are neither pinned nor fixed,and the material cross-section rather rests upon the machine while loading is applied axially.Several column specimens were tested and the experimental data were analyzed in order to estimation of the accurate effective-length factor.The calculations from the tested results as well as the conducted probabilistic analysis shed light on how a fragility curve may aid in predicting the effective-length value of future tests.

Inverse J-curve of RMB Appreciation:China Versus America

This is a research report of the study on the inverse J-curve effect of RMB appreciation based on the empirical analysis of trading data between China and America during 1994-2012.This report uses the Marshall-Lerner conditions on J-curve effect explanation,and theoretically analyzes the inverse J-curve effect.Through empirical analysis,that reveals the empirical results exist the‘inverse J-curve effect’in the process of Chinese Yuan appreciation.

曲线轨道式隔震装置的结构优化与应用研究

针对浮放物体的防震保护需求,研发出一款基于新型抗侧移组件的曲线轨道式隔震装置。阐述它的构造特点和运行机制,并依据结构原理制作模型,通过试验与理论对比来检验模型的运行质量进而验证方案的可行性。然后结合雨花阁内文物来设计样机,采用多条楼面波进行样机的振动台试验,测试其隔震效果。最后探讨建筑滤波效应对该类隔震装置设计的影响。研究结果表明:曲线轨道式隔震装置经优化后不仅零部件功能清晰,结构简单易加工,而且具备整体性强、运行质量高以及后期可扩展等优势。试验模型的零部件能充分发挥各自功能,尤其是抗侧移组件极大提高了模型的稳定性和可靠性,理论分析与试验结果吻合良好。结合案例所设计的样机虽具有较好的隔震性能,但限于非线性双自由度的结构特点,重复试验的响应结果存在差异,工程应用中应予以重视。当楼面波不易获取且隔震装置周期远离建筑自振周期时,依据楼面加速度放大系数,将调幅后的原始波作为隔震装置设计依据是可行的且结果偏保守。