Revisiting the Electron Radius in Light of Length Contraction

In previous work, the electron radius was identified as the “actual electron radius.” However, this is more accurately described as the electron radius at rest. This study reexamines the electron with an emphasis on the electron radius under motion, incorporating the effects of length contraction. The findings suggest that the radius is subject to Lorentz contraction, which has interesting implications for relativistic effects at the subatomic level.

The impact of nurses’organizational commitment on their perceptions of the work environment:Strong mediating effect of the psychological contract

Objective:The objective is to assess the direct and indirect effects of nurses’organizational commitment(OC)on their work environment perceptions(WEP)and the role of the psychological contr act(PC).Methods:A cross‑sectional quantitative study of 3047 registered nurses in four Chinese hospitals was conducted.The Essentials of Magnetism II(Chinese version),OC,and PC scales were used in the study,and the structural equation modeling was used to assess the connections among variables.Results:The results showed that OC was positively correlated with WEP(r=0.561,P<0.001),and PC was negatively correlated with the WEP(r=−0.717,P<0.001),and OC(r=−0.739,P<0.001).Nurses’PC played a strong mediating role between OC and WEP,accounting for 87.64%of the total effect.Besides,PC played an important role in creating a healthy work environment.Conclusions:The exploration of the relationships among WEP,PC,and OC provides new insights for hospital managers to build a better work environment for nurses,which is conducive to maintaining a stable nurse team and providing high‑quality nursing services for patients.

Synthesis of 9-Halo Prostaglandin Derivatives and Their Effect on Uterus Contraction

Four 9-halo prostaglandin derivatives were designed and synthesized. Their structures were confirmed by IR,~1HNMR, MS, etc. The effect on uterus contraction of ratswas studied in vitro. It was found that compound g-Br seemed to be the most sensitive andγ-Cl somewhat less, while a-Cl and a-Br had almost no action as compared with oxytocin(1 IU/ml).

Myofiber Permeability and Force Production of Rat Muscles Following Eccentric Contractions: The Repeated Bout Effect Depends on the Interval

Past eccentric contraction (ECC)-induced muscle injury reduces the severity of symptoms of subsequent muscle injury;this phenomenon is known as a repeated bout effect (RBE). It has been reported that increases in the duration of the interval between the first and second bouts are linked to weakening of the RBE. However, the histology following the attenuation of the RBE remains unclear. We examined the sustained effects of the second bout with regard to myofiber permeability and muscle force. Sixty-four male rats were randomly assigned to eight groups that varied in the number of exercise sessions and the duration of the interval between the first and second bouts: the non-ECC (Control);the single-injury (Post 1st bout);groups that were allowed to recover for 1, 2, and 4 weeks after a single injury (Pre 2nd bout_1w, Pre 2nd bout_2w, and Pre 2nd bout_4w);and groups that were subjected to second injuries 1, 2, and 4 weeks after the first (Post 2nd bout_1w, Post 2nd bout_2w, and Post 2nd bout_4w). The tibialis anterior was electrically stimulated in each ECC group. Twenty-four hours before muscle sampling, Evans blue dye (EBD) (a marker of myofiber damage) was administered. The maximal isometric contraction tension was measured immediately before sampling. The number of EBD-positive (+) fibers was determined via histological analysis. An RBE was revealed by functional examination at the 1- and 2-week and histological examination at the 1-, 2-, and 4-week time points (P < 0.05). In terms of myofiber permeability, prolongation of the interval before the second bout weakened this effect (P < 0.05). Experiments with 1-, 2-, and 4-week intervals indicated that prolongation of the interval before the second bout weakened the RBE with regard to myofiber permeability.

The effect of K2SiF6 on the MgH2 hydrogen storage properties

The catalytic effect of K2SiF6 on MgH2 was first timely studied.The MgH2+5 wt.%K2SiF6 was prepared via the ball milling technique.The catalyst had lessened the initial decomposition temperature by 134℃ and 48℃ as compared to both pristine and milled MgH2 samples,respectively.In 2 minutes,4.5 wt.%of hydrogen was absorbed(250℃)by the doped composite,which was 0.8 wt.%higher than the milled MgH2.Meanwhile,for the desorption kinetics(320℃,1 atm),the amount of desorbed hydrogen was increased by 2.4 wt.%and 2.3 wt.%for the first 10 and 20 minutes.Besides,contracting volume and Johnson-Mehl-Avrami models were used to analyse the kinetics sorptions.The decomposition activation energy calculated based on Kissinger equation was 114 kJ/mol.As for the active species,Mg2Si,MgF2 and KH were formed during the heating process.These active species are speculated to be responsible for the improvement of the hydrogenation properties of the composite.

CEOs’Diverse Career Experiences and the Effectiveness of Compensation Contracts:Evidence from Compensation Stickiness

CEO compensation stickiness represents an important indicator to measure the effectiveness of compensation contracts.This study uses CEO career experience data and compensation stickiness data from Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share listed companies from 2015 to 2020 to investigate the compensation contracts’effectiveness of CEOs with diverse career experiences.The findings are as follows:1)Compensation stickiness is more pronounced for CEOs with diverse career experiences.According to the mechanism test,these CEOs with diverse career experiences can obtain compensation incentives by reducing corporate uncertainty perception and improving total factor productivity.This approach leads to increased compensation stickiness and the effectiveness of compensation contracts.CEOs with diverse career experiences may receive excess compensation by raising agency costs,which intensifies compensation stickiness and weakens the effectiveness of compensation contracts.2)Compensation stickiness of CEOs with diverse career experiences is more significant in companies with lower investor protection,which brings about less effective compensation contracts.In contrast,in companies with higher diversification,the compensation stickiness of CEOs with diverse career experiences is more significant,which delivers more effective compensation contracts.The conclusions deepen the research of CEO compensation contracts and provide a helpful reference for CEO compensation management practices.

CONTRACTED EFFECT OF BELL-SHADE SHAPE WELDING ARC AND ACCOMPANIED MAGNETIC FIELD WITH SPIRAL PIPE SHAPE

ＣＯＮＴＲＡＣＴＥＤＥＦＦＥＣＴＯＦＢＥＬＬＳＨＡＤＥＳＨＡＰＥＷＥＬＤＩＮＧＡＲＣＡＮＤＡＣＣＯＭＰＡＮＩＥＤＭＡＧＮＥＴＩＣＦＩＥＬＤＷＩＴＨＳＰＩＲＡＬＰＩＰＥＳＨＡＰＥ①ＹｕＪｉａｎｒｏｎｇ，ＺｈａｎｇＪｉａｙｉｎｇ，ＪｉａｎｇＬｉｐｅｉ，...

Effective stress law for rock masses and its application in impoundment analysis based on deformation reinforcement theory

Reservoir impoundment is related to several hydraulic engineering concerns,including irreversible valley contractions,landslides and reservoir-induced earthquakes.However,these phenomena,such as valley contractions,are hardly to be explained by the conventional method.The scientific understanding of water effects during impoundment and their hazards to hydraulic structure are needed.The effective stress law for fissured rock masses is introduced in the elasto-plastic model employing the Drucker-Prager criterion and implemented in the three dimension(3D)nonlinear finite element method(FEM)program Three-dimensional FINite Element(TFINE).The slope deforms towards river-way during impoundment since the increasing pore pressure in fissures changes stress state and leads to additional plastic deformation in the rock materials.The value of Biot coefficient and the influence of water on rock materials are discussed in detail.Thus,the mechanism of slope deformation during the impoundment of Jinping-I arch dam is revealed,and the deformation is accurately measured.The application of the effective stress law provides a method to consider stress assessment,deformation evaluation and stability estimate of hydraulic structures during the impoundment process.This is a beneficial exploration and an improvement of hydraulic engineering design.

Changes in the number of circulating CD34＋ cells after eccentric exercise of the elbow flexors in relation to muscle damage

Background： It has been reported that strenuous exercise increases the number of bone marrow-derived progenitor cells such as CD34＋ cells in the blood, but no previous studies have investigated the changes in circulating CD34＋ cells following resistance exercise. This study tested the hypothesis that the number of CD34＋ cells in the blood would increase after eccentric exercise of the elbow flexors, but decrease in recovery, and the magnitude of the changes would be dependent on the magnitude of muscle damage. Methods： Nine men （28.0 ± 6.6 years） performed exercises consisting of 10 sets of six maximal voluntary eccentric contractions of the elbow flexors with their non-dominant arm. Six of them performed the same exercise with the same ann 4 weeks later. Changes in indirect markers of muscle damage were measured before, within 10 min after, and at 24, 48, 72, and 96 h after eccentric exercise. Differential leukocyte counts （total leukocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes） and CD34＋ cells in the blood were measured before, immediately after, and at 2, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h following the exercises. Results： After eccentric exercise, significant （p 〈 0.05） decreases in maximal voluntary isometric contraction torque and increases in delayed onset muscle soreness and plasma creatine kinase activity were observed. However, no significant changes in leukocytes and CD34＋ cells were evident. The changes in muscle damage markers were significantly （p 〈 0.05） smaller following the second exercise session as compared with the first exercise session, but the changes in leukocytes and CD34＋ cells were not significantly different between sessions. Conclusion： These results did not support the hypothesis, and showed that eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage to the elbow flexors did not influence the number of circulating CD34＋ cells.

Effectiveness of China's Labor Contract Law——Evidence from China Employer-Employee Survey

Using micro-level data from China Employer-Employee Survey(CEES), this paper conducts an empirical analysis of firms' heterogeneous characteristics in the implementation of the Labor Contract Law and its effects on employees. Our findings are as follows: With China's economic development, firms more proactively implement the Labor Contract Law, resulting in a higher percentage of employees with labor contracts. Labor contracts significantly increase the probability of employees in receiving social insurances, such as pension, health, unemployment, work injury and birth insurances, and have a significantly positive effect on wage income. Longer term of labor contract corresponds to stronger employment protection, and such an effect is highly robust. Larger firms with higher capital-labor ratios have better results in implementing the Labor Contract Law. And employees of private and labor-intensive firms have poorer coverage of employment and social protection; such firms should be given focal attention in the law's implementation.

数字经济发展与城市收缩——来自夜间灯光数据的证据

数字经济正成为社会经济发展的新动能,它对于抑制城市收缩、促进城市协调发展具有深远影响。利用2011—2021年夜间灯光数据,识别城市收缩,并考察数字经济发展对城市收缩的影响。研究发现,数字经济发展可以显著抑制城市收缩;数字经济发展抑制城市收缩的效应在收缩型城市以及市场化水平低、教育水平低的地区表现得更为明显;城市收入差距、产业结构升级、城市创新创业是数字经济发展抑制城市收缩的重要渠道,加强网络基础设施建设会更有利于数字经济抑制城市严重收缩。进一步研究发现,数字经济发展对城市收缩的影响具有门槛效应,即当数字经济发展达到一定水平后,它对城市收缩的抑制作用才会显现,同时抑制作用具有边际报酬递增的后发性优势。本研究有助于揭示数字经济发展影响城市收缩的作用机制,对于如何利用数字经济有效抑制城市收缩提供了经验支持。

委托理财合同保底条款效力问题再思考

《关于规范金融机构委托理财的指导意见》为解决金融机构受托理财保底条款纠纷提供了指引,但对民间委托理财而言,仍存在适用困境。基于对《全国法院民商事审判工作会议纪要》(法〔2019〕254号)及《中华人民共和国民法典》(以下简称《民法典》)施行前后样本数据比照分析,提出为了更好预防和管控委托理财市场风险,应按金融委托理财与民间委托理财合同区分规制路径,予以委托理财合同有名化立法及司法裁判规则完善。针对金融机构委托理财保底条款应坚持“无效”论,对于民间委托理财合同保底条款效力应作进阶细分,对于以代理理财为业的非金融机构委托理财合同及交易标的数额较大的理财合同,宜类推适用金融机构委托理财保底条款“无效”规则,对于偶尔为之的非金融机构理财合同及自然人所签的交易标的数额较小的理财合同,应尊重其合约自治,支持保底条款“有效”。

担保型以物抵债协议真要识契——对《<民法典>合同编通则部分司法解释》第28条的再思考

《合同编通则司法解释》否定担保型以物抵债协议的独立地位,协调了《担保制度司法解释》第68条与《民间借贷司法解释》第23条的关系,其采取的“完成财产权利所有权变动公示的属于让与担保、未完成财产权利所有权变动公示的仅能就其受偿”做法虽大体合理,但却忽视了履约期满前签订的以物抵债协议中“为清偿而给付”情形的剔除以及存在多个未完成财产权利所有权变动公示的担保型以物抵债法律关系时各个债权人的受偿规则建构。出于尊重真实意思表示、细化操作规则的考虑,有必要重新厘定担保型以物抵债协议的概念范围、完善未完成财产权利所有权变动公示的担保型以物抵债协议中的受偿规则。

人事制度与合同体系在公立医院绩效管理中的协同作用研究

基层县市级公立医院正面临人事制度的更新与变革,打破传统的人事管理模式已刻不容缓,对于医院而言,就必须要加快人事管理法制化的步伐,重视人事管理制度及配套合同体系的有效建设,科学调配医院与员工之间的关系,有效配置医院各个岗位上的人员,才能在改革与发展的过程中,实现县市级公立医院的长期运转,在三级公立医院绩效考核中发挥引领作用。文章旨在探讨人事制度与合同体系在公立医院绩效管理发挥协同作用中的策略,通过人事制度、合同体系以及绩效考核基本概念的讲解,分析当前公立医院绩效考核中存在的问题并提出人事制度与合同体系协同下的绩效考核策略,以供参考。

早期矫治在青少年下颌后缩畸形中的效果观察及对美学效果的影响研究

目的探讨螺旋扩弓器联合Twin-block矫治器早期矫治在青少年下颌后缩畸形中的效果观察及对美学效果的影响研究。方法将河南大学赛思口腔医院2021年1月至2022年1月收治的65例青少年下颌后缩畸形患者,按照随机数字表法分为两组,对照组33例、观察组32例,对照组早期给予Twin-block矫治器治疗,观察组早期给予螺旋扩弓器联合Twin-block矫治器矫治治疗,比较两组颌面部形态指标、面部美容指标、牙齿咬合力及咀嚼能力。结果矫治后3个月,观察组蝶胺中心-鼻根点-上牙槽座点角(SNA)、蝶鞍中心-鼻根点-下牙槽座点角(SNB)、上牙槽座点-鼻根点-下牙槽座点角(ANB)、下面高(ANS-Me)、上面高(N-ANS)、全面高(N-Me)改善情况均优于对照组(P<0.05);矫治后3个月,观察组上唇角(ALs-FH)、面突角(G-Sn-Pg)、颌沟倾角(Pg B-FH)、颌唇沟角(Li-b-Pos)的改善情况均优于对照组(P<0.05);矫治后3个月,观察组牙齿咬合力、咀嚼能力均优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论螺旋扩弓器联合Twin-block矫治器早期矫治可以有效改善青少年下颌后缩畸形患者的面部形态,提高面部美学效果,改善牙齿咬合力和咀嚼功能。

不定期继续性合同任意解除的生效时点

《民法典》第563条第2款规定了不定期继续性合同的任意解除制度,该制度最核心的问题是确定合同解除的时点。该款“当事人可以随时解除合同”的表述存在歧义,极易引发误解,法律和司法解释规定的不明确导致学界观点模糊不清,司法裁判立场也存在明显差异。不定期继续性合同任意解除的生效时点应为解除通知到达对方当事人后的合理期限届满时,从而有利于保护相对方合理信赖,给予相对方必要准备时间,合理规避损害赔偿的难题。具体衡量不定期继续性合同任意解除的生效时点,应从合同持续时间与履行情况、当事人对合同的依赖程度、寻求替代交易的难易程度几方面进行客观衡量,妥善平衡合同双方当事人的利益。

Employment Effects of Minimum Wage Regulation and Cross Effect of the Employment Contracts Law

Non-linear programming analysis suggests that employment effects of minimum wage regulation are the result not only of the regulation itself but also of the external regulatory environment. At a certain level, the regulatory environment intensifies the effect on employment of minimum wage regulation. Empirical studies based on survey data from 439 enterprises in Guangdong and Fujian show that minimum wage rises had a greater impact on the employment of rural migrant workers in 2008 than in 2007, although no significant change was observed among workers who were permanent urban residents. Further analysis shows that the greater impact on migrant workers derives mainly from the strengthened regulatory environment brought about by the Employment Contracts Law. The permanent urban workforce has not been similarly affected because their interests have been given priority under the dual employment system. This reminds us that the employment effects of the Employment Contracts Law may be realized indirectly through other regulatory measures, including strengthened minimum wage regulation.

服务期协议法律效力的判定与扩张

服务期协议法律效力的判定具有重要的法律意义,其为一种高度关涉当事人利益得失的法律操作。在判定服务期协议法律效力时,应确立和遵循一套合理并可操作的判定标准并秉持效力认定的基本态度。服务期协议效力具否之判定应分别考察主体、内容、形式和意思表示四大要素。如果可以同时满足主体适格性、内容合法性、形式完备性和意思表示真实性,则一般可判定服务期协议具备法律效力。对于形式欠缺完备性和意思表示欠缺真实性的服务期协议,在个案研判中不应机械和刚性地一味确认服务期协议无效,宜更加灵活和变通地处理这两种瑕疵情况下的效力问题,以充分体现和践行契约效力规则所应秉持的“尽量有效”的基本立法态度。服务期协议的时间效力和对人效力更具复杂性,需要在兼顾劳资双方利益的基础上适度突破契约相对性,肯认服务期效力在对人和时间层面上的适度扩张并加以必要的限制。

EXPERIMENT STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF SHENG-MAI INJECTION ON THE CONTRACTIVITY OF DIAPHRAGM AND ITS MECHANISM

In this study the effect of Sheng-ai Injection i.e. Red Ginseng-Ophiopogon Root Injection (one kind of traditional Chinese medicines) on the contractivity of diaphragm was observed. The results confirmed that Sheng-ai Injection increased Pdi of the fatigued diaphragm in rabbits and reduced the time needed for the recovery of Pdi of fatigued diaphragm to the normal value. These results suggest that Sheng-Mai Injection can increase the contractive force and promote the recovery of the fatigued diaphragm. The effect of Sheng-ai Injection on the contractivity of the isolated diaphragmatic bundle of rats was also observed and the results confirmed that Sheng-ai Injection increased the diaphragmatic contractive force directly. This effect of increasing the contractive force of diaphragm was attenuated by adding calcium channel blocker isoptin and disappeared when there was no calcium in the extracellular fluid. It is deduced, therefore, that the mechanism of the effect of Sheng-mai Injection is related to the increased influx of calcium from extracellular fluid into the cells.