过电流关断试验是柔性直流输电(voltage sourced converter based high voltage direct current transmission,VSC-HVDC)换流阀暂态试验之一,是为了检验换流阀设计的正确性及对桥臂直通工况应力耐受性进行的试验。研究阀过电流关断试验...过电流关断试验是柔性直流输电(voltage sourced converter based high voltage direct current transmission,VSC-HVDC)换流阀暂态试验之一,是为了检验换流阀设计的正确性及对桥臂直通工况应力耐受性进行的试验。研究阀过电流关断试验的试验方法,分析桥臂直通工况下的应力,提出等效试验方法并设计试验电路,最后给出试验电路中阀的应力波形与实际工况下应力波形的对比,结合关键应力等效性分析,验证试验方法和试验电路的等效性。展开更多
基于模块化多电平换流器的高压直流(high voltage direct current based on modular multilevel converters,MMC-HVDC)系统发生直流短路故障时,故障电流上升速度快,这对系统保护提出了极大的挑战。对于采用半桥子模块拓扑的MMC-HVDC系统...基于模块化多电平换流器的高压直流(high voltage direct current based on modular multilevel converters,MMC-HVDC)系统发生直流短路故障时,故障电流上升速度快,这对系统保护提出了极大的挑战。对于采用半桥子模块拓扑的MMC-HVDC系统,通常会在直流线路两端加装故障限流器(fault current limiter,FCL)来抑制故障电流。在对FCL进行优化设计以及进行故障保护时,需要考虑含FCL投入的故障电流的演化规律。因此,含FCL投入的故障电流计算具有重要的意义。通过研究并联金属氧化物避雷器(metal-oxide arrester,MOA)的电感型FCL的特性,建立了FCL的暂态等效模型,将含FCL投入的故障电流演化划分为3个阶段:FCL未投入阶段、FCL投入的过渡阶段和FCL完全投入后阶段。对3个阶段的故障电流的解析表达式分别进行了推导,最后得到全过程的故障电流解析表达式。通过在PSCAD/EMTDC中搭建的两端MMC-HVDC系统的仿真模型对解析结果进行了验证,结果表明:故障后10ms内解析结果与仿真结果的最大偏差在3.5%以内,可以满足实际工程应用的需要。展开更多
为分析由模块化多电平换流器(modular multilevel converters, MMC)构成的高压直流(high voltage direct current, HVDC)输电系统中的直流短路故障特性,可通过关注系统中暂态能量流(transient energy flow, TEF)的分布对MMC-HVDC系统进...为分析由模块化多电平换流器(modular multilevel converters, MMC)构成的高压直流(high voltage direct current, HVDC)输电系统中的直流短路故障特性,可通过关注系统中暂态能量流(transient energy flow, TEF)的分布对MMC-HVDC系统进行暂态建模与仿真分析。对于单端MMC,可基于暂态能量守恒将半桥子模块(half bridge sub-modular, HBSM)电容等效为时变电容,建立将半桥子模块动态切换与交流汇入两个因素共同考虑在内的MMC暂态模型,分别列写并求解闭锁前后的状态方程,得到精确的MMC内部故障特征与TEF分布情况。对于复杂直流电网(HVDC grid),提出一种基于电磁暂态仿真结果的TEF分析方法,不仅可根据各部分TEF特征揭示直流故障演化规律,还可通过递推计算实现对故障电流的定量分析。最后,根据TEF流动规律提出一种考虑HBSM电容电压波动范围的暂态能量抑制策略,可有效降低故障电流并为后续故障保护争取更多时间。依据PSCAD中的仿真结果对暂态模型与能量抑制策略的正确性进行验证,同时将所提TEF分析方法应用在搭建的四端直流电网中,获取其故障传播特性。展开更多
交直流电网混联,大规模电力跨区输送成为我国电力系统的主要特点。电网换相换流器型直流输电(line commutated converter high voltage direct current,LCC-HVDC)是我国交直流混联电网的主要组成部分,为实现交直流混联电网快速、准确仿...交直流电网混联,大规模电力跨区输送成为我国电力系统的主要特点。电网换相换流器型直流输电(line commutated converter high voltage direct current,LCC-HVDC)是我国交直流混联电网的主要组成部分,为实现交直流混联电网快速、准确仿真,该文对现有的LCC-HVDC换流器建模方法进行了分析与总结,对其优缺点进行评述,并根据作者观点,提出可进一步研究的内容:在仿真规模较大的交直流混联电网时,可用开关函数对LCC-HVDC进行建模,但模型准确度需要提升;多条LCC-HVDC输电线路的仿真可使用换流器级别模型与换流阀级别模型进行组合仿真;不同精细程度模型之间的数据接口要进行优化设计。展开更多
电网间的电气联系日趋紧密,多个500 k V变电站短路电流接近或超过断路器遮断容量,严重威胁电网安全。采用背靠背电压源换流器型高压直流输电(voltage source convertor-based high voltage direct current,VSC-HVDC)技术限制短路电流的...电网间的电气联系日趋紧密,多个500 k V变电站短路电流接近或超过断路器遮断容量,严重威胁电网安全。采用背靠背电压源换流器型高压直流输电(voltage source convertor-based high voltage direct current,VSC-HVDC)技术限制短路电流的方案获得业界的关注和认同。在分析VSC-HVDC降低短路电流原理的基础上,建立以短路电流降低综合效果和投资经济性最优为目标的VSC-HVDC多目标优化布点模型,并采用快速非支配排序遗传算法求解;通过多端口网络等值模型约简可行解空间,以提高个体适应度评估速度;基于模糊选择策略获得最优折中分期建设方案。以2015年夏大运行方式的广东电网为算例,验证表明:1)短路电流降低综合效果指标能有效反映限流措施效果和作用范围;2)多端口网络等值能大幅提高算法求解效率;3)综合限流效果与配置点短路电流大小无直接关系。展开更多
近年来,国内外对模块化多电平换流器(modular multilevel converter,MMC)的研究主要集中于系统建模仿真、控制系统设计等方面。对基于模块化多电平换流器的高压直流输电系统(modular multilevel converter based high voltagedirect cur...近年来,国内外对模块化多电平换流器(modular multilevel converter,MMC)的研究主要集中于系统建模仿真、控制系统设计等方面。对基于模块化多电平换流器的高压直流输电系统(modular multilevel converter based high voltagedirect current system,MMC-HVDC)直流线路故障的研究也仅是在简单的故障定性仿真分析上。为了比较精确地定量分析MMC-HVDC系统直流侧故障瞬间电气应力的暂态特性、短路故障状态下的等值电路模型,分析了系统直流侧故障的机理,给出了故障电压、电流的数学表达式。基于RT-LAB软件搭建了双端MMC-HVDC仿真模型,验证了故障暂态特性分析的结果,单极接地故障使得直流非故障极的对地电压与换流站交流侧的相电压增大;双极短路故障会引起换流站的桥臂产生严重的过电流现象;单极断线故障会导致整流站很大的直流电压变化率,引起严重直流过电压。针对上述问题,文章结合分析结果给出了相应的故障保护要求和策略。展开更多
UHVDC converter valves during operation may experience overvoltage,which come from the AC or DC systems to which they are connected.Therefore,building an equivalent circuit model(ECM)for the converter valve to analyze...UHVDC converter valves during operation may experience overvoltage,which come from the AC or DC systems to which they are connected.Therefore,building an equivalent circuit model(ECM)for the converter valve to analyze the interlayer transient voltage distribution characteristics has important engineering significance for safe and reasonable voltage equalization methods and improving the stability of the DC system.This paper proposes a two-port equivalent circuit model for ±1100 kV converter valve based on the structure of the valve and parameter extraction methods presented.In terms of lumped parameters,integrated ECMs for valve layers are built through impedance-frequency characteristic analysis;in terms of parasitic capacitance parameters,port equivalent parasitic capacitance parameters are obtained by terminal capacitance method and iterative equivalence methods proposed in this paper.By combining integrated ECMs of valve layers and port equivalent parasitic capacitances,the two-port ECM is obtained.Simulations are carried out to test the effectiveness of the twoport ECM.Using the ECM,the voltage transmission characteristics and their influencing factors are analyzed,depending on which corresponding voltage equalization method is proposed in this paper,and the effect of this method is verified through simulation.展开更多
Firstly, relevant stress properties of millisecond level breaking process and microsecond level commutation process of hybrid HVDC circuit breaker are studied in detail on the basis of the analysis for the application...Firstly, relevant stress properties of millisecond level breaking process and microsecond level commutation process of hybrid HVDC circuit breaker are studied in detail on the basis of the analysis for the application environment and topological structure and operating principles of hybrid circuit breakers, and key stress parameters in transient state process of two time dimensions are extracted. The established digital simulation circuit for PSCAD/EMTDC device-level operation of the circuit breaker has verified the stress properties of millisecond level breaking process and microsecond level commutation process. Then, equivalent test method, circuits and parameters based on LC power supply are proposed on the basis of stress extraction. Finally, the results of implemented breaking tests for complete 200 kV circuit breaker, 100 kV and 50 kV circuit breaker units, as well as single power electronic module have verified the accuracy of the simulation circuit and mathematical analysis. The result of this paper can be a guide to electrical structure and test system design of hybrid HVDC circuit breaker.展开更多
文摘过电流关断试验是柔性直流输电(voltage sourced converter based high voltage direct current transmission,VSC-HVDC)换流阀暂态试验之一,是为了检验换流阀设计的正确性及对桥臂直通工况应力耐受性进行的试验。研究阀过电流关断试验的试验方法,分析桥臂直通工况下的应力,提出等效试验方法并设计试验电路,最后给出试验电路中阀的应力波形与实际工况下应力波形的对比,结合关键应力等效性分析,验证试验方法和试验电路的等效性。
文摘基于模块化多电平换流器的高压直流(high voltage direct current based on modular multilevel converters,MMC-HVDC)系统发生直流短路故障时,故障电流上升速度快,这对系统保护提出了极大的挑战。对于采用半桥子模块拓扑的MMC-HVDC系统,通常会在直流线路两端加装故障限流器(fault current limiter,FCL)来抑制故障电流。在对FCL进行优化设计以及进行故障保护时,需要考虑含FCL投入的故障电流的演化规律。因此,含FCL投入的故障电流计算具有重要的意义。通过研究并联金属氧化物避雷器(metal-oxide arrester,MOA)的电感型FCL的特性,建立了FCL的暂态等效模型,将含FCL投入的故障电流演化划分为3个阶段:FCL未投入阶段、FCL投入的过渡阶段和FCL完全投入后阶段。对3个阶段的故障电流的解析表达式分别进行了推导,最后得到全过程的故障电流解析表达式。通过在PSCAD/EMTDC中搭建的两端MMC-HVDC系统的仿真模型对解析结果进行了验证,结果表明:故障后10ms内解析结果与仿真结果的最大偏差在3.5%以内,可以满足实际工程应用的需要。
文摘为分析由模块化多电平换流器(modular multilevel converters, MMC)构成的高压直流(high voltage direct current, HVDC)输电系统中的直流短路故障特性,可通过关注系统中暂态能量流(transient energy flow, TEF)的分布对MMC-HVDC系统进行暂态建模与仿真分析。对于单端MMC,可基于暂态能量守恒将半桥子模块(half bridge sub-modular, HBSM)电容等效为时变电容,建立将半桥子模块动态切换与交流汇入两个因素共同考虑在内的MMC暂态模型,分别列写并求解闭锁前后的状态方程,得到精确的MMC内部故障特征与TEF分布情况。对于复杂直流电网(HVDC grid),提出一种基于电磁暂态仿真结果的TEF分析方法,不仅可根据各部分TEF特征揭示直流故障演化规律,还可通过递推计算实现对故障电流的定量分析。最后,根据TEF流动规律提出一种考虑HBSM电容电压波动范围的暂态能量抑制策略,可有效降低故障电流并为后续故障保护争取更多时间。依据PSCAD中的仿真结果对暂态模型与能量抑制策略的正确性进行验证,同时将所提TEF分析方法应用在搭建的四端直流电网中,获取其故障传播特性。
文摘交直流电网混联,大规模电力跨区输送成为我国电力系统的主要特点。电网换相换流器型直流输电(line commutated converter high voltage direct current,LCC-HVDC)是我国交直流混联电网的主要组成部分,为实现交直流混联电网快速、准确仿真,该文对现有的LCC-HVDC换流器建模方法进行了分析与总结,对其优缺点进行评述,并根据作者观点,提出可进一步研究的内容:在仿真规模较大的交直流混联电网时,可用开关函数对LCC-HVDC进行建模,但模型准确度需要提升;多条LCC-HVDC输电线路的仿真可使用换流器级别模型与换流阀级别模型进行组合仿真;不同精细程度模型之间的数据接口要进行优化设计。
文摘电网间的电气联系日趋紧密,多个500 k V变电站短路电流接近或超过断路器遮断容量,严重威胁电网安全。采用背靠背电压源换流器型高压直流输电(voltage source convertor-based high voltage direct current,VSC-HVDC)技术限制短路电流的方案获得业界的关注和认同。在分析VSC-HVDC降低短路电流原理的基础上,建立以短路电流降低综合效果和投资经济性最优为目标的VSC-HVDC多目标优化布点模型,并采用快速非支配排序遗传算法求解;通过多端口网络等值模型约简可行解空间,以提高个体适应度评估速度;基于模糊选择策略获得最优折中分期建设方案。以2015年夏大运行方式的广东电网为算例,验证表明:1)短路电流降低综合效果指标能有效反映限流措施效果和作用范围;2)多端口网络等值能大幅提高算法求解效率;3)综合限流效果与配置点短路电流大小无直接关系。
文摘近年来,国内外对模块化多电平换流器(modular multilevel converter,MMC)的研究主要集中于系统建模仿真、控制系统设计等方面。对基于模块化多电平换流器的高压直流输电系统(modular multilevel converter based high voltagedirect current system,MMC-HVDC)直流线路故障的研究也仅是在简单的故障定性仿真分析上。为了比较精确地定量分析MMC-HVDC系统直流侧故障瞬间电气应力的暂态特性、短路故障状态下的等值电路模型,分析了系统直流侧故障的机理,给出了故障电压、电流的数学表达式。基于RT-LAB软件搭建了双端MMC-HVDC仿真模型,验证了故障暂态特性分析的结果,单极接地故障使得直流非故障极的对地电压与换流站交流侧的相电压增大;双极短路故障会引起换流站的桥臂产生严重的过电流现象;单极断线故障会导致整流站很大的直流电压变化率,引起严重直流过电压。针对上述问题,文章结合分析结果给出了相应的故障保护要求和策略。
基金This work was supported by Science and Technology Project of the State Grid Corporation under Grant 5455ZS150004.
文摘UHVDC converter valves during operation may experience overvoltage,which come from the AC or DC systems to which they are connected.Therefore,building an equivalent circuit model(ECM)for the converter valve to analyze the interlayer transient voltage distribution characteristics has important engineering significance for safe and reasonable voltage equalization methods and improving the stability of the DC system.This paper proposes a two-port equivalent circuit model for ±1100 kV converter valve based on the structure of the valve and parameter extraction methods presented.In terms of lumped parameters,integrated ECMs for valve layers are built through impedance-frequency characteristic analysis;in terms of parasitic capacitance parameters,port equivalent parasitic capacitance parameters are obtained by terminal capacitance method and iterative equivalence methods proposed in this paper.By combining integrated ECMs of valve layers and port equivalent parasitic capacitances,the two-port ECM is obtained.Simulations are carried out to test the effectiveness of the twoport ECM.Using the ECM,the voltage transmission characteristics and their influencing factors are analyzed,depending on which corresponding voltage equalization method is proposed in this paper,and the effect of this method is verified through simulation.
基金supported by SGCC Scientific and Technological Project(52110116004W)
文摘Firstly, relevant stress properties of millisecond level breaking process and microsecond level commutation process of hybrid HVDC circuit breaker are studied in detail on the basis of the analysis for the application environment and topological structure and operating principles of hybrid circuit breakers, and key stress parameters in transient state process of two time dimensions are extracted. The established digital simulation circuit for PSCAD/EMTDC device-level operation of the circuit breaker has verified the stress properties of millisecond level breaking process and microsecond level commutation process. Then, equivalent test method, circuits and parameters based on LC power supply are proposed on the basis of stress extraction. Finally, the results of implemented breaking tests for complete 200 kV circuit breaker, 100 kV and 50 kV circuit breaker units, as well as single power electronic module have verified the accuracy of the simulation circuit and mathematical analysis. The result of this paper can be a guide to electrical structure and test system design of hybrid HVDC circuit breaker.
