A Historical Review of the Development of Women’s Higher Education in China (1908-2020): Stages, Explanations, and Trends

The development of women’s higher education in China can be divided into four stages:emergence(1908-1948);foundation(1949-1976);accelerating development(1977-2008);and the qualitative leap(2009-2020).This work considers the principal institutional mechanisms that contributed to this development.First,flexibly planned parenthood gradually promoted gender equality and openness in society facilitated by systematic“awards,grants,and loans”initiatives to support women’s higher education economically.Second,compulsory education ensured that left-out and migrant children had access to higher education.Third,effective connectivity across different education types bridged education gaps between those with different levels of education.Fourth,China made great efforts to invite and integrate international experiences that promoted the development of women’s higher education.Looking beyond these achievements,we also discuss the future trends of women’s higher education in China.

Construction and Practices of the Course of Software Process&Tools Oriented Certified in Engineering Education

In recent years,it is the general trend to adopt the standards of international engineering education certification to construct curriculum.“Software Process and Tools”is one of the core courses of Harbin Institute of Technology’s software engineering undergraduate training program.Focusing on the construction work and practical exploration of the course in the process of reforming the software engineering professional curriculum system,and how to achieve the standards of engineering education certification,This paper makes a review and summary.This paper focuses on the status and the role of the course in the whole curriculum system,as well as project-driven teaching content design and practical teaching methods.And summarizes the experience and results of 3 rounds of teaching practice.

Perspectives and Uses of Mobiles by the Emirati University Students in the Educational Process

The research topic is summarized in the importance of studying the uses of smart tablets in the educational process.It attempts to observe the attitudes and perspectives of users due to the importance of smart tablets in theeducational process, getting introduced to the type of smart tablets used by students in the educational process,defining students＇ perspectives towards using smart tablets in the educational process, defining the extent of benefitgained by students as a result of using smart tablets in developing the skills of education and learning, definingstudents＇ attitudes towards using smart tablets in the educational process and defining students＇ perspectivestowards the disadvantages of using smart tablets in the educational process. This study is considered as one of thedescriptive studies, which aim at collecting data relevant to the usage of university students - sample of study- forthe smart tablets and their attitudes towards using them in the educational process, as well as studying somevariables related to usage; such as gender, social status, educational stage etc. This study depends on the surveyapproach as being considered an organized scientific effort that is used for obtaining information or descriptions onthe phenomenon, subject matter. The study concluded that the sample of study agreed on the necessity of enablingArab universities to encourage students to use more techniques in classrooms, and teaching curricula by using smarttablets since this will help in developing the communicational skills of university students. Moreover, they agreedon teaching most of the media curricula through social media.

Impacts of Online Remote Education on the Learning Process among Nursing Students

The period of existence and spread of Corona virus has led to the use of all means of remote education as an urgent necessity for all educational facilities, especially universities. Aim: Therefore, it was necessary to study the impacts of online remote education on the learning process among nursing students through studying of two courses;health information management at 6th semester and gerontology nursing course at 4th semester. Tool of Data Collection: A modified questionnaire comprised of forty statements was used through paper-based survey and online survey. Sample: A total samples (224) of nursing students were participated in the survey who enrolled in 2019 and 2020 spring semesters. Setting: The field of study was the nursing department of Applied Medical Science at Misr University for Science and Technology. Results: Induced positive impacts of online education on the learning process for nursing students experience were proven as more than half of the students (53.9%) had prior experience on online system use, and more than two thirds (62.5%) were competent in mobile/computer applications. Almost, two thirds (59.3%) agreed about online assessment experience, except that the online exam was anxious, and the time was insufficient to answer all questions. Also, more than two thirds (64.7%) agreed about the learning process of the two nursing courses. Conclusion: The study concluded that there were positive impacts of online education system on the learning process for nursing students except that the students were not able to decide that the remote online education system can replace traditional face-to-face learning as the clinical experience was not evaluated through this study. Recommendation: This study is recommended to be repeated on a large scale of participants to assess the possibility of achieving clinical experience through online remote education if Corona virus still coexists.

Research on the Concept of Fairness in the Practice of Higher Education

With the continuous development of society, the problems related to education have become the focus of people’s attention, especially the equity of higher education, which can affect not only the sustainable and steady development of higher education, but also the stability of society. This paper mainly discusses the present situation of higher education equity in China and the analysis of factors affecting higher education equity, and summarizes some trends of the development of higher education equity and then puts forward some measures to promote the development of higher education equity.

Analysis on the Trend and Change Process of Preschool Education Supply System in China

In order to put forward countermeasures and suggestions of reform and innovation on the supply system of preschool education in China,the current change process of China’s preschool education supply system is analyzed using the historical analysis method.It is believed that there are still some outstanding problems in the supply system of the preschool education in China at present.According to the theory of supply and demand balance of economics and institutional change theory of new institutional economics,the future trend of China’s preschool education supply system is also analyzed.

On the Difference between Chinese and Western Child Education

By comparing the models of Chinese and Western education,this paper offers a hypothesis as to which learning curriculum is best suited for optimum academic development.Ideally,an improved education model could inspire new ideas in the education industry;ef fecting not only children,but also the roles of both schools and parents.

Educational Process as Something Dynamic

If we conceive the educational process as something dynamic,which basically combines what is given with what is emerging,we will understand that there are protagonists in it who have a fundamental role in this process,or perhaps we should say that,in this process,each and every one of the agents has a leading role.So,talking about curriculum implies that the subject can be approached from different perspectives,some more legitimate than others,some broader than others and,what is even more notorious,some more dynamic than others.It is in these differences where the essence of the educational process is conjugated,namely,in the conception of the curriculum,so it is worth asking:What are the educational units understanding by“development of their own curricular projects”?What are they actually doing?What curricular decisions do they make?Not only these questions arise,but many more,not to mention that it is also legitimate to doubt the capacity and preparation of teachers and educational units to undertake a process of conscious and responsible construction of an effective curriculum.It is interesting to approach the subject critically,not to reconsider the theoretical aspects,in which we find a wide range of postulates,but rather to revitalize the pedagogical practice in the place where it actually occurs,the classroom,and from there to enable discussion,and analysis of the problem,assuming that a paradigm change is urgent at all levels,otherwise,the entire society will suffer even more marked dehumanization.There are many challenges and requirements that fall on the educational task,and there are many who express their opinion,judge,and dare to formulate lapidary sentences on the subject of education,with no more foundation than that allowed by a fragmented look at reality.Therefore,a deeper look can shed light on why it has not yet been possible to reach a more optimal level in the quality indices,nor has equity been achieved,and what is worse,it seems that all that has been said is slipping away through the window of the classrooms to end up in the realm of abstraction,from which it will not be possible to bring what is real and everyday.Thus,this work will also be a proposal for educational agents,a proposal that should not be kept together with others,but rather,hand in hand with the contingent,could give way to a better understanding of the problem.

The effects of applying an assessment form based on the health functional patterns on nursing student's attitude and skills in developing the nursing process

Objectives: Comprehensive nursing assessment,as the first step in the nursing process,involves the systematic and constant data gathering to facilitate the development of the patient-specific nursing process.The aim of this study is to determine the effects of applying an assessment form based on the health functional patterns on nursing student's attitude and skills in developing nursing process.Methods: A randomized controlling design was conducted.Of 84 undergraduate nursing students,42 students were allocated to the intervention or control group.In clinical education,a patient assessment form based on Gordon's functional health patterns was applied to help students in the intervention group to develop nursing process,while the control group received traditional methods.The data were gathered using a demographic information questionnaire,skills in nursing process development checklist,and attitudes towards nursing process questionnaire.Results: The average scores for students' attitude and skills in developing nursing process in the intervention group were greater than those of the control group.Conclusion: Applying nursing assessment using the patient assessment form based on Gordon's functional health patterns can improve the students' learning in developing nursing process.

Factors Influencing Practice of Patient Education among Nurses at the University College Hospital, Ibadan

Patient education is the process of influencing patient behaviour and producing the changes in knowledge, attitudes and skills necessary to maintain or improve health. Health education may be general preventive, health promotion or diseases specific education. With an education system in place, patients will be satisfied with care, patients will be healthier, and will seek medical services less frequently. There is little or no documentation on the practice of patient education at the University College Hospital, Ibadan. The aim of this descriptive study was to explore factors influencing the practice of patient education among nurses at the University College Hospital, Ibadan. Stratified and simple random sampling techniques were used in selecting 200 nurses at the University College Hospital Ibadan. A self-designed questionnaire was used to collect data. Statistical package for social sciences version 15 (SPSS 15) was used in analysing data. The study revealed that the knowledge and practice of patient education among the nurses in University College Hospital was high and the knowledge was found to be significantly associated with its practice (X2 = 7.89, p = 0.017). The working experience of nurses does not determine whether they practice patient education or not. Almost all the respondents (70% - 90%) in this study affirmed that the nurses’ experiences, cultural barriers, work place culture, lack of time, heavy workload, insufficient staffing, and the complexity of patients’ condition were important factors that influenced the practice of patient education. In conclusion, nurses at the University College Hospital have good knowledge and positive attitude towards patient education but could not practice effectively. A more critical approach in addressing heavy workload, insufficient staffing, among others is needed to improve patient education. Further studies should be carried out on developing nurses’ roles as patient educators.

Dependence of Cognitive Processes from the Individual Psychophysiological Characteristics of Upper-School Students of a Special Lyceum

The enrichment by highly information load of the school educational process, which leads in severe environment to psycho-emotional stress, confirms the necessity of studying the psycho-emotional and physiological stability of the senior schoolboys to information educational stress in rugged climate/geographic regions of Siberia. Observed were the 110 teenagers, the inhabitants of Novosibirsk, the students of 9th-10th classes of the special lycée. Clinical, psychological, psychophysiological, biochemical and hormonal methods of observation were used. It was shown that efficiency of the modern information-enriched educational process defines a complex of individual adaptive characteristics of an organism, including lateral phenotype of the prevalence of cerebral hemispheres, the stability of psychophysiological response, minimization of painful reaction to sharp changes of the factors of nature—meteosensitivity, and also the belonging to chronotypes (morning or evening). These features form the basis of stability of the young organism to the educational information stress and to the action of rugged climate-meteorological and biorhytmological factors, aggravating this stress.

Experimental Analysis on the Development of Cognitive Processes in Childhood Through Body Experience

This study aims at comparing the effect of an innovative educational approach,based on the continuous relationship between mind and body,to traditional methodologies;more in particular,it focuses on the cognitive processes of language and memory in childhood.Previous studies showed that the Embodiment Theory of Conceptual Representations considers the extent to which the concepts are embodied,i.e.,the way their conceptual features are represented in sensory and motor brain areas in an experience-dependent way.Similarly,the Motor Theory of Language suggests considering phonetic gestures,made by the speaker to produce them as language perception objects,reproduced in the brain as real invariant motor commands.This longitudinal research analyzed the impact of a museum-based education on the memory and language process of children aged 3-6 years,with the purpose of building links between the evolutionary dimension and the didactic dimension.In a wider perspective,these aspects assume great importance for educators that aim to train qualified students,ethically informed and trained as world citizens,starting from neuroscientific discoveries.

Analysis on the Equity of Compulsory Education and Higher Education from the Angle of Charging

This article mainly discusses the fairness of compulsory education and the transformation of higher education between free and charged. Through the development of China’s compulsory education and higher education, we expound the deficiencies and the concept of perfection at current stage and then points out strategies of equity in compulsory education and higher education based on the current situation.

Analysis of the Governance Issue on the Migrant Children’s Education in Beijing

Establish migrant students’ educative governance committee to discuss the solution of the problems. From 4 aspects, showing how to organize a governing body, to make the floating learners get better education, which can benefit not only them but also the Beijing city.

Education,Cultural Change,Territory:The Third Sector’Innovation.An Italian Case Study

This contribution proposes a theoretical‐empirical reflection on the relationship among the three sociological concepts identified by the authors as essential dimensions of the innovation:cultural change,education,and territory.The aim is to illustrate the complex relationship among these dimensions and the implications involved in terms of sociological perspectives and research tools,on the basis of the analysis of an emblematic case study:“FQTS”,Italian acronym of the project of Education of Executives and Leaders of the Third Sector in the Southern Italy.In particular,this investigation will be aimed at:(re)defining sociological concepts considered fundamental for the study of innovation;reconstructing the main empirical evidence emerging from the analysis of the case study;and summarizing the relevance of the research results,in terms of new themes and sociological perspectives,as well as of methodological questions.

Physical and Biomechanical Bases of Construction of a Training and Training Process When Preparing Wrestlers of the Greek-Roman Style

The article outlines the growing competition in the world in sports,especially in the Olympic types of programs,describes the fundamental importance of success in the sports arenas of the planet-the organization of educational and training and competitive process in Greco-Roman wrestling.The content of the weekly cycle of the training camp is presented.Individual cards for accounting the effectiveness of attacking and defensive technical and tactical actions in the ground have been developed and tested.Concrete conclusions are made and proposals are made to wrestling Federations and sports organizations.

Teaching Reform and Practice of Animal Products Processing under the Background of Intelligent Agriculture

Effective food professional personnel training strategies are explored and implemented,and interdisciplinary talents of food science and engineering in accordance with the background of intelligent agriculture are cultivated from the aspects of construction of teaching staff,reform of teaching content,upgrading of teaching model,construction of industry-education integration platform,which is of great significance to the modernization development of Chinese animal products processing industry.

The Educational Process of Yao Nationality

As an important theory and practical problem,"educational process"draws double concerns both from educational theory and practice.Yao nationality of China is a constantly migratory minority group without its own words,However,relying on its own unique educational process,this minority maintain its own distinctive national characteristics and keep a strong ethical identity.

The Systematic,Fair and High-quality Development of the Right to Education in China

Since the release of the first human rights white paper in 1991,the development of the right to education has made remarkable achievements along with the economic miracle of China’s continuous growth and the promotion of education reform.At the regulation level,the right to education has been systematically guaranteed based on the type and phase of education.At the value level,rural areas,poverty-stricken areas,and vulnerable groups have been given preferential treatment to comprehensively improve the quality of their educational resources such as material and financial resources,teachers and curriculum,and digital education development and ensure fair and high-quality development of their right to education.In the future,equal emphasis on fairness and quality will be the value orientation for the development of the right to education,and the rule of law in education will be needed to further provide systematic and strong institutional guarantees for the right to fair and high-quality education.