It is an important way for realizing sustainable development of sweet corn production to stabilize and improve soil fertility of cultivated land in sweet corn production region.Through the test of sweet corn straw dir...It is an important way for realizing sustainable development of sweet corn production to stabilize and improve soil fertility of cultivated land in sweet corn production region.Through the test of sweet corn straw directly returning to the field after 6seasons for 3years,the results showed that continuous single application of chemical fertilizer is not conducive to the stability of soil fertility and yield improvement,and implementation of straw returning could receive fertility,improve soil acidic conditions,and enhance the yield of sweet corn.Compared with before the test,the single application of chemical fertilizer increased soil available phosphorus,while the contents of soil organic matter,available nitrogen and available potassium decreased by 1.08,1.18 and 2.47mg/kg respectively,and the soil pH decreased by 0.15.Under the same fertilizer conditions,organic matter contents of single and double-season straw returning increased by 0.71 and 1.29g/kg,available nitrogen increased by 17.15 and 28.27mg/kg,available phosphorus increased by 0.96 and 1.73mg/kg,available potassium increased by 2.41 and 5.92mg/kg,the soil pH increased by 0.16 and 0.2.Compared with the single application of chemical fertilizer,the average yields of single and double-season straw returning increased by 7.5%and 11.8%,and their average income increased by 87.3and 117.1yuan of per mu(667m^2)respectively.展开更多
Wind and sand hazards are serious in the Milan Gobi area of the Xinjiang section of the Korla Railway. In order to ensure the safe operation of railroads, there is a need for wind and sand protection in heavily sandy ...Wind and sand hazards are serious in the Milan Gobi area of the Xinjiang section of the Korla Railway. In order to ensure the safe operation of railroads, there is a need for wind and sand protection in heavily sandy areas. The wind and sand flow in the region is notably bi-directional. To shield railroads from sand, a unique sand fence made of folded linear high-density polyethylene(HDPE) is used, aligning with the principle that the dominant wind direction is perpendicular to the fence. This study employed field observations and numerical simulations to investigate the effectiveness of these HDPE sand fences in altering flow field distribution and offering protection. It also explored how these fences affect the deposition and erosion of sand particles. Findings revealed a significant reduction in wind speed near the fence corner;the minimum horizontal wind speed on the leeward side of the first sand fence(LSF) decreased dramatically from 3 m/s to 0.64 m/s. The vortex area on the LSF markedly impacted horizontal wind speeds. Within the LSF, sand deposition was a primary occurrence. As wind speeds increased, the deposition zone shrank, whereas the positive erosion zone expanded. Close to the folded corners of the HDPE sand fence, there was a notable shift from the positive erosion zone to a deposition zone. Field tests and numerical simulations confirmed the high windproof efficiency(WE) and sand resistance efficiency(SE) in the HDPE sand fence. Folded linear HDPE sheet sand fence can effectively slow down the incoming flow and reduce the sand content, thus achieving good wind and sand protection. This study provides essential theoretical guidance for the design and improvement of wind and sand protection systems in railroad engineering.展开更多
The research made comparisons on no-tillage cultivation and ploughing cultivations of Flowering Chinese cabbage on one-season paddy fields and explored the effects of no-tillage cultivation of Flowering Chinese cabbag...The research made comparisons on no-tillage cultivation and ploughing cultivations of Flowering Chinese cabbage on one-season paddy fields and explored the effects of no-tillage cultivation of Flowering Chinese cabbage on survival rate, insect damages, production cost, yield and benefits of plants. The results indicated that no-tillage cultivation reduced the injured rate of Flowering Chinese cabbage by cutworms, and production cost, but crop yield and output value declined as well. Specifically, yield in the treatment as per no-tillage cultivation lowered by 10.3% and 11.9% compared with the treatments by machine-based ploughing and manual ploughing, and the production interests declined by 11.9% and 11.1%, accordingly.展开更多
[目的]为揭示黄土高原梯田土壤有机碳含量的时空规律和梯田土壤固碳时空分布特征。[方法]基于META分析的方法,研究梯田土壤有机碳含量随土层深度和梯田修建年限的变化特征,分析黄土高原各区域梯田土壤固碳的时空分布特征。[结果](1)SOC...[目的]为揭示黄土高原梯田土壤有机碳含量的时空规律和梯田土壤固碳时空分布特征。[方法]基于META分析的方法,研究梯田土壤有机碳含量随土层深度和梯田修建年限的变化特征,分析黄土高原各区域梯田土壤固碳的时空分布特征。[结果](1)SOC含量和固碳效益随土壤深度的增加而减少,80—100 cm土层的SOC含量为0-20 cm土层的60.74%,0—20 cm土层的固碳效益为23.1%,80—100 cm土层为5.7%。(2)梯田固碳效益随修建年限呈非线性增加,梯田0—20 cm土层固碳效益由修建第1年的-8.29%逐步增加,在第24年时达到最大值34%,此后保持稳定。(3)1979-2023年黄土高原梯田总固碳约为38.29 Mt C,平均固碳38.49 t C/(km^(2)·a)。泾河上中游流域平均固碳速率最高,为50.14 t C/(km^(2)·a),河龙区间平均固碳速率最低,为29.04 t C/(km^(2)·a)。[结论]在黄土高原兴修梯田可以提高SOC含量,并且梯田的固碳是一个相对漫长的过程,需要科学的设计及管护才能更好地发挥其固碳效益。在黄土高原开展梯田建设加之合理规划、设计、科学的管护是提高区域土壤固碳效益的有效措施。研究结果可为黄土高原地区水土保持固碳效益核算提供理论与方法支持。展开更多
基金Supported by Huizhou Science and Technology Support Item(2011B040010010)
文摘It is an important way for realizing sustainable development of sweet corn production to stabilize and improve soil fertility of cultivated land in sweet corn production region.Through the test of sweet corn straw directly returning to the field after 6seasons for 3years,the results showed that continuous single application of chemical fertilizer is not conducive to the stability of soil fertility and yield improvement,and implementation of straw returning could receive fertility,improve soil acidic conditions,and enhance the yield of sweet corn.Compared with before the test,the single application of chemical fertilizer increased soil available phosphorus,while the contents of soil organic matter,available nitrogen and available potassium decreased by 1.08,1.18 and 2.47mg/kg respectively,and the soil pH decreased by 0.15.Under the same fertilizer conditions,organic matter contents of single and double-season straw returning increased by 0.71 and 1.29g/kg,available nitrogen increased by 17.15 and 28.27mg/kg,available phosphorus increased by 0.96 and 1.73mg/kg,available potassium increased by 2.41 and 5.92mg/kg,the soil pH increased by 0.16 and 0.2.Compared with the single application of chemical fertilizer,the average yields of single and double-season straw returning increased by 7.5%and 11.8%,and their average income increased by 87.3and 117.1yuan of per mu(667m^2)respectively.
基金financially supported by the Chang Jiang Scholar and Innovation Team Development Plan of China (IRT_15R29)the Basic Research Innovation Group Project of Gansu Province, China (21JR7RA347)the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province, China (20JR10RA231)。
文摘Wind and sand hazards are serious in the Milan Gobi area of the Xinjiang section of the Korla Railway. In order to ensure the safe operation of railroads, there is a need for wind and sand protection in heavily sandy areas. The wind and sand flow in the region is notably bi-directional. To shield railroads from sand, a unique sand fence made of folded linear high-density polyethylene(HDPE) is used, aligning with the principle that the dominant wind direction is perpendicular to the fence. This study employed field observations and numerical simulations to investigate the effectiveness of these HDPE sand fences in altering flow field distribution and offering protection. It also explored how these fences affect the deposition and erosion of sand particles. Findings revealed a significant reduction in wind speed near the fence corner;the minimum horizontal wind speed on the leeward side of the first sand fence(LSF) decreased dramatically from 3 m/s to 0.64 m/s. The vortex area on the LSF markedly impacted horizontal wind speeds. Within the LSF, sand deposition was a primary occurrence. As wind speeds increased, the deposition zone shrank, whereas the positive erosion zone expanded. Close to the folded corners of the HDPE sand fence, there was a notable shift from the positive erosion zone to a deposition zone. Field tests and numerical simulations confirmed the high windproof efficiency(WE) and sand resistance efficiency(SE) in the HDPE sand fence. Folded linear HDPE sheet sand fence can effectively slow down the incoming flow and reduce the sand content, thus achieving good wind and sand protection. This study provides essential theoretical guidance for the design and improvement of wind and sand protection systems in railroad engineering.
基金Supported by National Science and Technology Ministry(2014BAD05B04)Expert Project on Cultivation of Hunan Vegetable Industry Technology System~~
文摘The research made comparisons on no-tillage cultivation and ploughing cultivations of Flowering Chinese cabbage on one-season paddy fields and explored the effects of no-tillage cultivation of Flowering Chinese cabbage on survival rate, insect damages, production cost, yield and benefits of plants. The results indicated that no-tillage cultivation reduced the injured rate of Flowering Chinese cabbage by cutworms, and production cost, but crop yield and output value declined as well. Specifically, yield in the treatment as per no-tillage cultivation lowered by 10.3% and 11.9% compared with the treatments by machine-based ploughing and manual ploughing, and the production interests declined by 11.9% and 11.1%, accordingly.
文摘[目的]为揭示黄土高原梯田土壤有机碳含量的时空规律和梯田土壤固碳时空分布特征。[方法]基于META分析的方法,研究梯田土壤有机碳含量随土层深度和梯田修建年限的变化特征,分析黄土高原各区域梯田土壤固碳的时空分布特征。[结果](1)SOC含量和固碳效益随土壤深度的增加而减少,80—100 cm土层的SOC含量为0-20 cm土层的60.74%,0—20 cm土层的固碳效益为23.1%,80—100 cm土层为5.7%。(2)梯田固碳效益随修建年限呈非线性增加,梯田0—20 cm土层固碳效益由修建第1年的-8.29%逐步增加,在第24年时达到最大值34%,此后保持稳定。(3)1979-2023年黄土高原梯田总固碳约为38.29 Mt C,平均固碳38.49 t C/(km^(2)·a)。泾河上中游流域平均固碳速率最高,为50.14 t C/(km^(2)·a),河龙区间平均固碳速率最低,为29.04 t C/(km^(2)·a)。[结论]在黄土高原兴修梯田可以提高SOC含量,并且梯田的固碳是一个相对漫长的过程,需要科学的设计及管护才能更好地发挥其固碳效益。在黄土高原开展梯田建设加之合理规划、设计、科学的管护是提高区域土壤固碳效益的有效措施。研究结果可为黄土高原地区水土保持固碳效益核算提供理论与方法支持。
