General laws of funding for scientific citations:how citations change in funded and unfunded research between basic and applied sciences

Purpose:The goal of this study is to analyze the relationship between funded and unfunded papers and their citations in both basic and applied sciences.Design/methodology/approach:A power law model analyzes the relationship between research funding and citations of papers using 831,337 documents recorded in the Web of Science database.Findings:The original results reveal general characteristics of the diffusion of science in research fields:a)Funded articles receive higher citations compared to unfunded papers in journals;b)Funded articles exhibit a super-linear growth in citations,surpassing the increase seen in unfunded articles.This finding reveals a higher diffusion of scientific knowledge in funded articles.Moreover,c)funded articles in both basic and applied sciences demonstrate a similar expected change in citations,equivalent to about 1.23%,when the number of funded papers increases by 1%in journals.This result suggests,for the first time,that funding effect of scientific research is an invariant driver,irrespective of the nature of the basic or applied sciences.Originality/value:This evidence suggests empirical laws of funding for scientific citations that explain the importance of robust funding mechanisms for achieving impactful research outcomes in science and society.These findings here also highlight that funding for scientific research is a critical driving force in supporting citations and the dissemination of scientific knowledge in recorded documents in both basic and applied sciences.Practical implications:This comprehensive result provides a holistic view of the relationship between funding and citation performance in science to guide policymakers and R&D managers with science policies by directing funding to research in promoting the scientific development and higher diffusion of results for the progress of human society.

Seismology in the Light of Fundamental Sciences

According to the definition, seismology is a science that studies the processes and causes of seismic phenomena and the structure of the Earth, i.e. a scientific discipline that studies the movement of blocks of rocks of the Earth’s crust and mantle and related phenomena. Seismology conducts research in the following areas and is designed to scientifically explain two main issues: 1) Study of the nature of seismic phenomena and the internal structure of the Earth. Why, how and where do seismic impacts occur? 2) Protecting humanity from the catastrophic consequences of seismic events. Is it possible to predict seismic impacts? Like any other scientific discipline, seismology is obliged to follow the laws of science and its fundamental principles. This article is devoted to the description of violations of the fundamental laws of science committed by seismologists in the study of seismic processes and raises the question of compliance of the stated research directions with the current level of development of sciences. Answering point No. 1, regarding the structure of the Earth, it is possible to recognize some successes of seismology, which nevertheless cause great doubts in the scientific community of geophysicists, because if the stratigraphic data of ultra-deep wells often refute [1] the conclusions made by seismologists on the structure of the Earth’s crust at shallow depth, then to assert something unambiguously about the structure of the mantle and at the present stage, seismology cannot. Answering the main questions of seismology, why seismic phenomena occur, and how earthquake energy is formed, seismologists have not had, and have not. Answering point No. 2, we can confidently say that in the matter of forecasting seismic phenomena, seismology has not advanced one iota over the past century, and as seismologists have been confused in the search for earthquake prediction algorithms, they are also confused without any hope of success. All that modern seismology can “boast” is the theory of Elastic recoil [2], the absurdity of which does not cause any doubt among the progressive part of geophysicists. But, the fact that most of the leading scientists-seismologists continue to piously believe the conclusions of the Elastic Recoil theory puts seismology in a humiliating position, because Mr. Reid’s theory is the clearest example of a false theory based on scientific incompetence of scientists, a model of brazen violation of the fundamental laws of science and the foundation of false and ignorant conclusions. Based on the results achieved, or rather on their absence, we regret to draw a sad conclusion: modern seismology is in the deepest decline, the cause of which is the incompetence of researchers as a result of their catastrophically low level of academic training, who stuff the scientific community with scientific geophysical rubbish, breeding similar ignoramuses in seismology. We understand that by asserting this, we offend most seismologists, but it is impossible to continue to tolerate this state of affairs in geophysics, because: “Amicus plato, sed magis amica est veritas.” Obviously, the time has come for a new meteorologist, Alfred Wagener [3], who will come and teach seismologists not to guess on coffee grounds, but to investigate seismic processes using the fundamental laws of science. In this article, we not only investigate the reasons for the unsatisfactory state of affairs in seismology, but also give our answers to the questions, of why earthquakes occur and how seismic energy is formed.

Study on Growth Laws of Marine Science and Technology Talents Based on the Perspective of Big Data

Based on the perspective of big data,the growth characteristics of marine science and technology talents were analyzed,and the growth of marine science and technology talents was divided into five periods:study period,adaptation period,growth period,promotion period and stability period.Moreover,some suggestions for the training of marine science and technology talents were proposed from the aspects of students,families,schools and society.

An overview on the development of Chinese library and information science journals

This paper gives an overview of the history and the present status of Chinese library and information science journals, and introduces the operation and management of Chinese library and information science journals by taking Journal of Library Science In China, Library and Information Service, Journal of Academic Libraries, and Journal of Information Science as examples. Besides, six suggestions are given for the future development of Chinese library and information science journals.

Library science education and the competitiveness of its graduates:A survey and an analysis of Chinese library directors' perceptions

These authors have made a sampling survey of professional qualifications of library directors of various types of libraries in China.The subject coverage of this survey includes but not limited to the pattern of library position distribution and work conditions of those library science degree holders.It also studies such matters as the occupational roles of library science graduates in the library,the influencing factors of their professional competency(as it is perceived by library directors),library directors' opinion about the core curriculum of library science educational programs,etc.On the basis of this survey result and analysis,these authors attempt to show how Chinese librarians' professional competency can be identified and nurtured to a higher level of attainment.

Law and Inspiration——The laws of S&T Innovations of Originality as Reflected by Noble Prize Laureates in Natural Sciences and Major Scientific Accomplishments in the 20th Century

Today in the 21st century, Science and technology (S&T)develops by leaps and bounds. Such progress has fundamentally changed the development pace of history, becoming the principal driving force for the progress of human civilization.……

Combinatorial Synthesis and High-Throughput Characterization of Microstructure and Phase Transformation in Ni-Ti-Cu-V Quaternary Thin-Film Library

Ni-Ti-based shape memory alloys(SMAs)have found widespread use in the last 70 years,but improving their functional stability remains a key quest for more robust and advanced applications.Named for their ability to retain their processed shape as a result of a reversible martensitic transformation,SMAs are highly sensitive to compositional variations.Alloying with ternary and quaternary elements to finetune the lattice parameters and the thermal hysteresis of an SMA,therefore,becomes a challenge in materials exploration.Combinatorial materials science allows streamlining of the synthesis process and data management from multiple characterization techniques.In this study,a composition spread of Ni-Ti-Cu-V thin-film library was synthesized by magnetron co-sputtering on a thermally oxidized Si wafer.Composition-dependent phase transformation temperature and microstructure were investigated and determined using high-throughput wavelength dispersive spectroscopy,synchrotron X-ray diffraction,and temperature-dependent resistance measurements.Of the 177 compositions in the materials library,32 were observed to have shape memory effect,of which five had zero or near-zero thermal hysteresis.These compositions provide flexibility in the operating temperature regimes that they can be used in.A phase map for the quaternary system and correlations of functional properties are discussed w让h respect to the local microstructure and composition of the thin-film library.

Analysis of Research Directions in the Field of Library Intelligence from the Perspective of Altmetrics

With the continuous development of science and technology, the academic communication of many scholars slowly shifts to the web, and people’s academic communication in social media gradually increases. Traditional metrics have a certain one-sidedness in the evaluation of disciplinary literature and cannot evaluate the impact of literature on the web;while Altmetrics can count how literature is followed and utilized on the web, which is a complement to the traditional measurement methods. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the impact of academic literature based on Altmetrics, and combining it with traditional citation indicators can strengthen the credibility and objectivity of academic evaluation and promote better dissemination and communication of academic results. Against this research background, this paper combed through the most influential articles in the field of library and information science in recent years, analysed the literature on library intelligence in the WOS database, identified current research hotspots in the field of library and information science, and predicted potential research hotspots in the future. This study may provide a reference for the research and development of the discipline.

The Educational Role of Library: Information Literacy, Competence, and Standards

This paper deals with the educational role of library, especially university library, and in connection to this, information literacy, competence, and standards in information science. Microcomputers and their current application allow students to use them in laboratories, lecture halls, and libraries;software that are so developed that they allow to various types of computers (micros, picos, or hand-held computers) easy integration with larger systems. In this context libraries, as institutions become one of several available nodes in the information network, the new organization of teaching requires that teachers and students are computer literate requires libraries to provide methods and techniques for handling, through expert systems, their diverse searches, and similar (video disc, for example). Along with terms informatics and information science, there is also the term informatology which denotes theory and practice of emission, transmission, accumulation, selection, and absorption of information, the so-called ETAKSA complex. This paper, therefore, will be discussed communication and communication processes in university libraries that take place using new types of media, which we jointly referred to as information science and in the sea of definitions;we can say that we have added another.

Graduate education of library science in China:Current status and recommendations for improvement

More than twenty years ago,Wuhan University and Nanjing University offered library science(LS)graduate programs.Since then,LS graduate education has been growing quickly in many aspects.At the same time,however,LS graduate education was also facing enormous challenges stemming from the dynamic development and wide applications of information technologies into the pedagogical arena of teaching and learning at all levels.Social evolution also made it necessary for LS educators to re-examine once again their graduate education model,curricular composition,educational philosophy and educational missions.In analyzing the present situation of LS graduate education in China,this paper focuses on the following issues:1)Growing size of LS graduate education(quantity and quality);2)educational objectives,including research direction and placement for graduates;3)structure of knowledge and curricular construction;4)conditions of administering a library school of high quality and 5)the management of teaching resources.The keystone of this paper is to pinpoint where current library science curricular deficiencies are lying.It is hoped that more serious scholarly discussions and perhaps also even concerted efforts among LS scholars and library practioners may be evoked in having the graduate education system of library and information science thoroughly realigned for the informational needs of the 21st century.

Adjusting the information service strategies according to users' requirements—A survey of the library users' information requirements in the four library systems of Zhejiang province

Based on a survey of the circumstances of the information requirements in social science from more than 3,800 library users in 48 libraries of the four major library systems in Zhejiang Province,this paper analyzes the present main characteristics of the users' requirements to the social science document information and puts forward some proposals for adjusting the document information service strategies for the library and information institutions.

An Informetric analysis of web citation in Chinese journals of Library and Information Science in recent years

This paper selects 998 articles as its data sources from four Chinese core journals in the field of Library and Information Science from 2003 to 2007.Some pertinent aspects of reference citations particularly from web resources are selected for a focused analysis and discussion.This includes primarily such items as the number of web citations,web citations per each article,the distribution of domain names of web citations and also certain aspects about the institutional and/or geographical affiliations of the author.The evolving situation of utilizing online networked academic information resources in China is the central thematic discussion of this study.The writing of this paper is augmented by the explicatory presentation of 3 graphic figures,6 tables and 18 references.

Subjectivities of the Scientific Endeavor:Noting the Illusion of Objectivity in the History of Science and Medicine

The history of science and medicine has long been steeped in the notion that they are objective(untainted by the philosophical and ideological ebbs and flows of society)and utilitarian(doing what is best for the greater good).Because of this,scientific and medical epistemologies and praxis are often held to an esteem that is unquestioned,celebrated,and occasionally unchecked.A closer look at the history of science and medicine,however,readily reveal the extent to which the milieu of society has informed scientific and medical endeavors.As such,an understanding of how the subjectivities of scientific and medical endeavors situate within our contemporary disciplines and practices is significant to one’s ability to truly understand said disciplines.Likewise,such an evaluation will provide insight into our role in perpetuating the illusion of objectivity in these fields.With this in mind,this paper provides a philosophical and historical examination of the concept of objectivity(in contrast to subjectivity)in science and medicine.

Chinese Journal of Library and Information Science

(CJLIS,Chinese Title:《中国文献情报》)ISSN 1674-3393,CN 11570/G2;Price:$US 199/Volume Chinese Journal of Library and Information Science(CJLIS)is the first and only Englishlanguage academic journal in the field of Library and Information Science(LIS)that has been published in China’s mainland so far.It aims to establish a platform for students,researchers and professionals in LIS and archive science to engage in intellectual dialogs and to share best professional practices of their experience.

Chinese Journal of Library and Information Science(CJLIS) 正式更名为Journal of Data and Information Science(JDIS)

经国内外专家深入探讨和反复论证,经主管、主办单位同意,经国家新闻出版广电总局正式批准(新广出审[2015]1187号文),由中国科学院文献情报中心主办的Chinese Journal of Library and Information Science(《中国文献情报(英)》,CJLIS)将于2016年起正式更名为Journal of Data and Information Science(《数据与情报科学学报(英)》,JDIS)。作为国内唯一的图书馆学情报学领域英文学术期刊,CJLIS自2008年创刊以来,以刊发符合国际规范的高水平学术研究论文、推动中国图书馆学情报学学科发展为己任,组织优秀稿源、坚守学术规范、推动开放获取、严控评议流程,赢得了业界的充分肯定和广

Foreign Exchange and Cooperation in Human Rights Education——A Case Study of the China University of Political Science and Law

Exchange and cooperation in the field of human rights education, between higher education and research institutions in the Chinese mainland and foreign human rights institutions and relevant international organizations, are an important aspect of human rights exchange and cooperation between the Chinese mainland and foreign countries. The China University of Political Science and Law is the first university in the mainland to establish the human rights law discipline and one of the first national human rights education and training bases, playing an exemplary and leading role in the field of human rights education and foreign exchange and cooperation. Summaries and analyses of the background, objectives,

基于Web of Science的数字图书馆研究论文定量分析

以美国科学情报研究所(ISI)开发的基于Web的Web of Science网络数据库为数据源基础,对1993-2004年间SCI和SSCI收录的数字图书馆研究论文的情况,从论文的发表时间分布、期刊分布、被引频次分布、作者分布四个方面进行了统计与分析,初步确定了数字图书馆领域的核心期刊、经典文献和核心作者。

基于Web of Science的中国图书情报学科研成果调研与分析

本文以WoS数据库收录的中国图书情报学科研成果2482篇为研究对象,从各年文献量、著者、地区与机构、来源期刊与主题等方面进行了分析。研究发现,我国图书情报学者被WoS收录的文献数量在总体上呈上升趋势,如今正处于快速发展阶段;以罗纳德.鲁索(Rousseau.R)为代表的相关外国研究人员与我国学者建立了友好的合作关系,但目前我国图情界无论是在对外,还是在国内地区之间,合作数量与合作范围仍有待进一步提升;知识管理、信息检索、科学计量学、数字图书馆、高校图书馆、电子商务与电子政务等成为我国图情界学者们的重点关注主题。

数字图书馆中Web of science数据库的解读与应用

ISI(Institute for Scientific Information、科学情报研究所),为世界著名的学术信息出版机构。Web of Sci-ence是ISI建设的SCI,SSCI,A&HCI,CPCI-S和ISSHP五大引文数据库的Web版,涵盖了自然科学、工程技术、社会科学、艺术与人文等领域。重点解读了Web of science数据库内容、主要功能、使用特点和全文获取途径,并就Web of science数据库在科研工作中的应用潜力进行了阐述和拓展,试图为数字图书馆发展和信息生态持续提供重要参考。

基于Web of Science的数字图书馆研究的计量学分析

以Web of Science为数据来源,采用文献计量学方法,结合信息可视化技术,对2004年—2013年收录的数字图书馆研究的文献增长规律、作者、机构、分布和期刊进行了分析,并采用关键词共现分析方法,对主题特征进行了分析。