Associations between residence and cognitive function among Chinese older adults: the mediating role of leisure activity

Background:Cognitive function is a current research hotspot,residence may be related to differences in cognitive function,and the mediating role of leisure activities are limited in Chinese research.This study used leisure activities as a mediating variable to investigate the mediating role of leisure activity between place of residence(city-town-rural)and cognitive function among Chinese older,this is where the innovation of the article comes in.Methods:Using cross-sectional data from the 2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey,Pearson correlation analyses were employed to examine the relationships among various indicators.Mediation analyses were conducted using the SPSS PROCESS macro program,version 3.5,written by Hayes,to explore the mediating effects of leisure activity between place of residence and cognitive function in older adults.Results:A total of 10955 older adults were included in this study,with a mean age of(84.23±11.57)years.Among them,2739(24.8%)lived in the city,3627(33.1%)in town,and 4615(42.1%)in rural areas;their leisure activity score was(5.34±3.77),and their cognitive function score was(24.69±6.65).Place of residence,leisure activities,and cognitive function were significantly correlated(P<0.01).Using city as a reference,place of residence is negatively associated with cognitive function,and place of residence not only had a direct effect on cognitive function in older adults:town-cognitive function(effect=–0.399;95%confidence interval(CI)=(–0.685,–0.113));rural-cognitive function(effect=–0.42;95%CI=(–0.698,–0.141)).There were also indirect effects on cognitive function through the pathway of leisure activity:town-leisure activity-cognitive function(effect=–0.17;95%CI=(–0.246,–0.1)),rural-leisure activity-cognitive function(effect=–0.199;95%CI=(–0.272,–0.13)).Conclusion:Leisure activities play a partially mediating role between the impact of place of residence and cognitive function in Chinese older adults,and it is vital to pay attention to the impact of place of residence on the cognitive function of older adults in various aspects,and to increase the participation rate of older adults in leisure activities,which is beneficial to the prevention of cognitive decline and the protection of older adult’s physical and mental health.

Evaluation of the Effects of Cypermethrin on Female Reproductive Function by Using Rabbit Model and of the Protective Role of Chinese Propolis

The prophylactic effects of Chinese propolis against cypermethrin toxicity were evaluated by performing ovary and uterus histopathology, as well as by characterizing ovarian function, embryos, and litters. Cypermethrin induced atypia in the ovary and uterus, and decreased the ovulation sites and the number of embryos. Cypermethrin-induced oxidative stress during pregnancy, decreased the parturition rate as well as the number and weight of offspring and increased the incidence of morphological malformations in the offspring. Administration of propolis to cypermethrin-treated animals mitigated cypermethrin-induced reproductive toxicity.

The Role and Function of British NGOs in International Cultural Exchanges

As the world’s first country to launch industrial revolution,the UK had once been at the peak of global power for a long term and exerted great inf luence on the shaping of modern

An Overview of Government-Market Relationships:Evolving Perceptions,Role of the Market,and Government Functions

Building a high-level socialist market economy is conducive to giving full play to the market’s decisive role in resource allocations and bringing the government into better play.Correctly handling the market and the government relationships has been a central issue in China’s economic structural reform.Giving a comprehensive review and summary of the research findings achieved by the theoretical and academic circles in China,we generalize the evolution and working mechanisms of China’s socialist market economy system,following the developing trajectory and logic of relevant literature,focusing on the three aspects of evolving perceptions,the role of the market,and the functions of the government.Based on our literature overview,we also induced and extracted the basic conclusions and evolutionary features of relevant research and made suggestions for the future direction of theoretical research regarding China’s socialist market economy.

The Role and the Function of Japan Institute of Sports Sciences and National Training Center in Japan

Gold Medals in Summer Qlympics Measures A 1) Program to develop junior athletes to top level 2) National Training Center 3) National Coach Academy B 1) Sports medicine and sciences(JISS) 2) Anti-doping 3) To hold international

Roles and Functions of Tourism Destinations in Tourism Region of South Anhui:A Tourist Flow Network Perspective

Theoretic and practical significance has been highlighted in the research of the roles and functions of destinations,as destinations are restricted by the spatial structure based on tourist flow network from the perspective of relationship.This article conducted an empirical analysis for Tourism Region of South Anhui(TRSA) and revealed the necessity and feasibility of studying the roles and functions of destinations from tourist flow network's perspective.The automorphic equivalence analysis and centrality analysis were used to classify 16 destinations in TRSA into six role types:tourist flow distribution center,hub of tourist flows,passageway destination,common touring destination,attached touring destination,and nearly isolated destination.Some suggestions were given on suitable infrastructure construction and destinations service designs according to their functions in network.This destination role positioning was based on tourist flow network structure in integral and macroscopic way.It provided an important reference for the balanced and harmonious development of all the destinations of TRSA.In addition,this article verified the applicability of social network analysis on tourist flow research in local scale,and expanded this method to destination role and function positioning.

Gap formation around Ω_e/2 and generation of low-band whistler waves by Landau-resonant electrons in the magnetosphere: Predictions from dispersion theory

In this paper we show that two significant phenomena of magnetospheric chorus emission can be explained by the participation of beam-like electron structures,created by Landau-resonant interaction with growing oblique whistler waves.The first concerns the widely observed spectral gap near half the electron cyclotron frequency Ωe;the second is related to the observation of very obliquely propagating lower-band waves that cannot be directly generated by temperature anisotropy.Concerning the gap,kinetic dispersion theory reveals that interference of the beam-related cyclotron mode ω~Ωe-kVb with the conventional whistler mode leads to mode splitting and the appearance of a ’forbidden’ area in the ω-k space.Thereby the beam velocity appears as an essential parameter.It is directly related to the phase velocity of the most unstable whistler wave mode,which is close to VAe/2 for sufficiently hot electrons(VAe is the electron Alfven velocity).To clarify the second point,we show that Landau-resonant beams with Vb Vb<VAe/2,which arise in cold plasmas from unstable upper-band waves,are able to generate lower-band whistler mode waves at very oblique propagation(θ≥60°).Our studies demonstrate the important role of Landau-resonant electrons in nonlinear whistler wave generation in the magnetosphere.

A review on the eco-geography of soil fauna in China

This review summarizes main research findings in soil fauna eco-geography in China in the past 30 years. The subject areas and main results were overviewed including biodiversity and eco-geological distribution of soil fauna communities. Studies of ecological distributions of soil fauna and dynamic ranges in space from tropical, subtropical to temperate regions, and in categories from forest, grassland, desert, wetland, farmland to urban ecosystems, the responses and indications of soil fauna to soil environments. Effects of intensive disturbance such as fire, grazing, farming, fertilization on soil fauna include sensitive （e.g. nematode） and rare groups and community indexes. The functions of soil fauna were discussed including environmental construction, environmental purification, litter decomposition and elements cycling. Interactions between soil fauna and other biota in soil ecosystems and linking between aboveground and belowground diversity and the effects of global change on soil fauna community in China were also included. Finally, the authors pointed out common interests in soil fauna eco-geographical studies, which include application of molecule biology into soil fauna taxa; function and mechanism of soil fauna community diversity; interaction between aboveground and belowground ecosystems; effects of disturbance, pollution, biological invasion, and global change on soil fauna community and function. The review is to provide a scientific basis for promoting soil fauna eco-geographical studies in China.

Function and Role of China＇s Securities Market

The article discusses the determinant factor of the function of the securities market at first and then proposes that the basic factor is the inherent need of social economic operation and development process itself. In addition, the primary factor of mature securities market is perfect and integrated function of the securities market. Afterwards, the article analyses the static and dynamic function of the securities market. At last, it probes into the government role in the securities market briefly and proposes that China needs to carry out the essential change on government role, market function location, development goal and the mode of securities market if the function of China＇s securities market is to be exerted properly.

Role-Play and Its Functions in Oral English Teaching in Universities

Role-play is recommended as a useful method to solve the problem of oral English teaching. It's much more than a performance and it can be considered as a way to vary the kinds of spoken interaction that learners can experience in the classroom of universities. Through the use of role-play, oral English teaching becomes more interesting and attractive; university students can gain more oral English skills in the mini society atmosphere, and the accuracy and fluency of their oral English will be improved.

Synergistic asymmetric diarylation of tethered alkenes via C–H functionalization of simple(hetero)arenes

By virtue of the atom-and step-economy, utilization of simple arenes as a supplant of pre-prepared aryl metal species or aryl halides for the synthesis of arylated chiral molecules has attracted great attention from the synthetic community. While transition-metal-catalyzed enantioselective diarylation of tethered alkenes has been employed to prepare important chiral cyclic compounds, the direct use of simple arenes as aryl precursors is still underdeveloped, probably due to the difficulties in the effective control of the reactivity, site-selectivity and/or enantioselectivity. Herein we report an asymmetric Pd/Ag dual metal catalytic system for the non-directed, site-and enantioselective domino Heck/intermolecular C–H functionalization of arenes.Mechanistic studies showed that Pd and Ag act in cooperation in the catalysis and the chiral bisphosphine ligand plays a bifunctional role, i.e., assisting the silver species in the cleavage of the aryl C–H bond, while inducing the enantioselectivity on direct complexation with palladium. This method provides an efficient approach to the corresponding chiral oxindoles with good enantiomeric excesses from a broad scope of arenes, including fluoroarenes, heteroarenes and several complex products derived from medicines or natural products.

Facilitating Change: The Role and Function of Private Foundations in Innovation Management

1. The focus is on private foundations, which are engaged in advancing science, technology, and the humanities. In this context the Volkswagen Foundationis a prominent example for Germany. 2. Accordingly, the paper does not look at the management within firms , but at the systemic level of innovation management. Though innovation has a broadermeaning, including also economic, social, and political aspects. research and higher education are central arenas and factors of change. 3. Contemporary research and higher education are confronted with new challenges, which require new responses and new forms of innovation management: science and technology has become an integral part of the knowledge- based society; the boundaries between basic and applied research are vanishing, problem --oriented research is increasing, as a consequence the demand for inter

基于Android技术开发订餐系统

曾几何时智能手机走入了人们的生活。越来越多的人们在生活中离不开智能手机。尤其是中青年人群。智能手机成为了人们闲暇时游戏的工具,购物者网上购物的首选,微信更加成为了人们情绪的表达场所。所以智能手机的商机呈现。越来越多的网络销售通过手机客户端进行。而订餐系统就是人们需要的一种。人们在繁忙的工作后,都希望吃到既经济有美味的食品。但又没有时间和精力去烹饪。那么订餐系统能够为人们提供各种选择。具有开发价值。本文就智能手机为客户端,介绍了基于安卓技术订餐系统的开发。

Oncogenic role of Tc17 cells in cervical cancer development

BACKGROUND As one of the subsets of CD8+T cells,Tc17 cells have recently been identified and are characterized by the secretion of interleukin(IL)-17,which is related to inflammatory diseases.AIM To assess the status of Tc17 cells in cervical cancer and investigate the biological function of Tc17 cells in cervical cancer development.METHODS Flow cytometry assay,immunohistochemistry,and immunofluorescence were performed to detect the levels and phenotype of Tc17 cells in blood and tumor samples from patients with cervical cancer.Prior to cell suspension culture,ELISA was carried out to measure the production of IL-6,IL-1β,IL-23,CXCL12,and IL-17 in tumor tissue supernatant and co-cultured supernatant of patients with cervical cancer.In addition,multivariate analysis was performed to identify factors associated with overall survival using the Cox proportional hazards model.RESULTS Compared with normal tissues,Tc17 cells specifically accumulated in tumor tissues of cervical cancer patients.Cancer cells produced a greater amount of IL-6,IL-1β,and IL-23,which in turn promoted Tc17 cell polarization.Unlike the traditional cytotoxic CD8^+T cells,Tc17 cells secreted IL-17,which subsequently promoted CXCL12 expression in tumor cells,eventually enhancing the proliferation and migration of tumor cells.Thus,the ratio of tumor-infiltrating Tc17 cells was highly correlated with poor clinical outcome in patients with cervical cancer.CONCLUSION Our data identified the oncogenic role of Tc17 cells in the development of cervical cancer.We propose that the ratio of Tc17 cells may be a useful index in the prognosis of patients with cervical cancer.

＂Precedent＂ in the Narrative of Chinese Legal History

The traditional way of describing the history of Chinese law, i.e., fitting Chinese historical materials into the basic framework of the Western conceptual system needs to be thoroughly reconsidered. ＂Precedent＂ or ＂NJfftJ＂ （panli）, which has attracted academic attention both in China and abroad, can serve as an example in this regard. The concept ＇~N] fit],＂ which may have originated from Japanese kanji in the nineteenth century, was used to translate its Western counterpart. A review of the historical and modern practice of the Western European countries of England and France shows that precedent has always played an important role in achieving consensus in the legal community and guiding future rulings by means of case law. This function, which has something in common with the relevant portions of ancient Chinese legal institutions, can serve as a foundation for constructing a universal theoretical system. At the same time, the relevant Chinese institutions had specific institutional contexts and functions. By combining universal and specific functional analysis, ＂two-way functionalism＂ may be able to avoid the Western-centric approach and futile conceptual discrimination and turn towards the exploration and elucidation of functional issues, so as to eventually establish a new framework for the narrative of Chinese legal history.

基于“肾主骨”理论阐述肾功能对骨代谢调控的主导作用

基于“肾主骨”理论阐述肾功能对骨代谢调控的主导作用。从中西医等不同角度系统阐述肾功能对骨代谢调控所起的主导作用:在生理状态下,甲状旁腺激素(PTH)、成纤维细胞生长因子23(FGF23)及1,25二羟基维生素D参与了矿物质代谢平衡的调节,而肾在骨矿物质平衡的过程中扮演着重要角色;在病理状态下,肾功能异常也会导致慢性肾病-矿物质和骨异常(CKD-MBD)或肾性营养不良(ROD)的发生,引起骨矿盐代谢紊乱。进一步丰富“肾主骨”理论的深层次内涵。

锁相并网设备的独立激励-响应机制及基于幅频运动方程的设备特性表征方法

针对风电、光伏等电力电子并网设备对系统支撑能力评估问题,核心基础是正确认识设备根据有功/无功功率不平衡调节内电势幅值/频率的功能性角色(设备特性)。然而电力电子设备主流的锁相并网结构严重阻碍了对设备功能性角色的认知,特别是目前业界普遍基于锁相并网的具体连接结构,形成了设备内电势跟随电网电压或端电压变化的“跟网”角色认知,尚未认识到系统运行中设备所应具备的功能性角色。为此,首先通过深入认识隐藏在锁相并网结构下内电势响应取决于电流单独激励的电流控制独立激励-响应机制,澄清了锁相并网设备通过有功/无功功率不平衡独立调节内电势幅值/频率的功能性角色,进而提出基于有功/无功功率不平衡激励-内电势幅值/频率响应关系即幅频运动方程的设备特性表征方法,最后通过阐述锁相并网设备特性由功率激励-内电势响应关系表征的必然性,指出当前业界对锁相并网设备特性认知的局限。

角色安排与功能优化:我国老年人探访关爱制度研究

建立特殊困难老年人探访关爱制度是推动实现全体老年人享有基本养老服务及健全新时代我国老年人关爱服务体系的重要内容和关键支撑。在国家基本养老服务的宏观范畴和居家养老服务制度网络的交互中精准把握探访关爱制度的要素构成、功能价值及运行逻辑。现时态中尽管从政策层面和制度层面对探访关爱服务进行了整体安排,实际运行中依然存在类型划定、资源整合、方法应用及功能联通等方面的缺失和障碍。从标准体系构建、运行机制协同及服务质量保障等制度层面加以建构,并从规范流程、内优外联和赋能业务等实践层面予以优化,确保其制度红利的充分释放。

师范类专业认证背景下教学论教师功能发挥研究

在师范类专业认证工作中,专家重视考察教学论教师在学科属性认知、教学方法培养、联系中小学等方面的作用。通过对陕西7所地方本科高校教学论教师队伍现状进行调查,发现存在职前缺乏中学实践锻炼、职中“三习”与基础教育脱节、职后缺乏职称晋升特殊支持政策等共性问题。在此基础上,就地方本科高校教学论教师发挥“教师之师”和“多元角色”之功能提出了对策建议。