Hidden Dangers and Preventive Measures in the Inventory of Articles in Operating Room

Operating Room is an important place for surgical diagnosis and treatment and rescue of patients. With the rapid development of medical technology, high, precision, sharp continuous development, operating room safety management is particularly important. The error of the counting of the surgical articles causes the foreign body left in the patient’s body, which will cause irreversible damage to the patient and even cause the medical dispute and touch the legal problem. Operation items inventory system is an important working system in the operating room. Scientific and standardized methods and systems for counting surgical instruments and dressings during operation can prevent foreign bodies from being left in the body, prevent errors and accidents in the operating room, and are very important for ensuring the safety of the operation of patients. In order to ensure the safety of patients, it is necessary to ensure the correct inventory of surgical items. The factors affecting the accuracy of item counting in the operating room and the preventive measures are summarized as follows.

Market-oriented management method of coalmine accident hidden dangers

By analyzing the problems which exist currently in the accident hidden dangers management of the coal mine, this paper proposed a new kind of management method--＂simulating the market＂, in which an operation pattern of simulating the market to transact hidden troubles was constructed. This method introduces ＂Market Mechanism＂ into safe management, and adopts measurable value to describe the hidden dangers such as＂ human behavior, technique, environment, equipments etc.＂. It regards the hidden dangers as ＂the goods produced by labor＂ which are found out by the safety managers and the security inspectors, then sells as ＂commodity＂. By the process of disposing, counterchecking, re-selling, and redisposing. It forms a set of market-oriented closed-form management pattern of coalmine accident hidden dangers. This kind of management method changes the past traditional methods in which the wageworkers treat safety management passively, but to encourage and restrict them to participate in the check-up and improvement of the hidden dangers.

Application of"Six Thinking Hats"in the Investigation and Improvement of Hidden Dangers in Food Safety

With the development of economy,people's living standards are constantly improving,and the requirements for food safety are getting higher and higher.The Food Safety Law stipulates that enterprises should implement the main responsibility of food safety,and the investigation and improvement of food safety hazards plays an important role in improving the food safety management level of enterprises and reducing food safety risks.This paper combines the innovative thinking mode of six thinking hats with food safety,discusses the application mode of six thinking hats in food safety investigation and improvement,and hopes to improve food safety level through this way.

T Application of MES System in the Safety Management of Offshore Oil and Gas Fields

In order to solve the problem of data island in the safety management ofoffshore oil and gas fields, take full advantage of data for subsequent analysis anddevelopment, and support production safety management of oil and gas fields, the MES,which is maturely applied in manufacturing and downstream production of CNOOC(China National Offshore Oil Corporation), is introduced by the petroleum administrationat the eastern South China sea. The system adopts the real-time database and relationaldatabase to collect the scattered structured data, such as evidence information of offshoreoil and gas production facilities personnel, on-site hidden danger information andincident investigation report. Then a unified secure data center platform is established forevery operating area and production site, and the critical safety data of production sitescan be centrally managed. This system has the functions of lawful real-time supervisionof personnel qualification, online supervision and trend analysis of hidden dangers, andcentralized management and sharing of incident investigation report. By applying theMES system in security management, the process of safety service becomes standardizedand modularized, the management process becomes normalized, and the efficiency andeffect of overall management is improved.

Design and Implementation of Mobile Intelligent Hidden Danger Inspection System

With the increasing development of Internet technology,computer Internet,intelligent terminal,cloud computing and other new technologies continue to emerge.All kinds of app based on mobile intelligent terminal are widely used because of its convenience and intelligence.However,for the safety of the coal industry,how to use these technologies based on mobile intelligent terminal to establish a set of efficient long-term mechanism of safety inspection and risk control is a necessary method to upgrade the safety management mode.Therefore,in order to meet the requirements of hidden danger investigation and management,this paper designs an intelligent hidden danger investigation and management system.Based on Ionic,the system constructs a cross platform mixed mode mobile app development framework.The paper shows that the system can realize the basic hidden danger investigation requirements.

Softw are Maintainability Evaluation Based on Software Configuration Management Data

As one of the most important attributes of software quality, software maintainability has been widely recognized.However,the existing maintainability evaluation methods are mostly based on subjectively judgment. Thus it is inapplicable or unbelievable. To evaluate software maintainability objectively,the software configuration management( SCM) data are collected to establish a maintainability model. Based on the hidden Markov chain( HMC), a three-state maintainability estimation model is constructed. To validate the feasibility of the model,a real software example of software maintenance activity is given and the result from the example shows the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Risk Evaluation and Risk Control in Road Overbuilding of Transport Routes for Dangerous Goods

Overbuilding, i.e. capping or decking, of roads assigned for the transportation of dangerous goods in major cities is being considered more often in many countries including Sweden. This type of facility introduces a number of risks and challenges related to rare events, such as dangerous goods accidents in tunnels, with a potential to cause substantial damage, e.g. collapse of buildings on the over site development. Many argue that the major problem associated with risk evaluation of such risks is the lack of commonly agreed acceptance criteria and regulations. Approaching the problem from a scientific perspective suggests that the root cause of this problem has not been adequately identified. However, there are strong indications that it is because the nature of the risk is not adequately addressed in risk analysis. In this study, we have structured the problem and propose ways of making progress in the evaluation of risk exposure and risk control. It is concluded that several challenges are inherent in the risk management of decking over routes for the transport of dangerous goods, and that these must be addressed in order to be able to control the risk. One of the complicating factors is that it is practically and economically impossible to construct the overbuilding so that it can withstand the maximum permissible explosion load. The main conclusions of this study are that overbuilding of dangerous goods routes has the potential to lead to catastrophic events, that the transport of dangerous goods in the future is associated with considerable intrinsic uncertainties, and that the possibility of supervising and controlling the transport of goods is limited once the route is in use.

小尺度山区地质灾害隐患的无人机精细化识别方法与实践

本文针对小空间尺度范围内以滑坡、崩塌为主的山区地质灾害,提出了一套基于小型无人机摄影测量的精细化隐患识别方法。首先,针对工作区开展至少两期无人机摄影测量作业,经处理后得到实景三维模型、数字正射影像(DOM)、数字表面模型(DSM)等精细化成果;其次,以两期DOM与DSM变化检测为主实现灾害体识别;然后,基于灾害体共性特征建立典型识别标志,并依此采用三维实景目视解译为主方法实现孕灾体识别;最后,通过地面核查确认或排除隐患。将该套方法应用到三峡库首秭归泄滩河左岸顺向斜坡区域,共识别出10处不同类型隐患,证明了方法的可行性。

堤防光纤感知系统建立与汛期应急监控

汛期堤防安全关系到人民的生命和财产安危与社会稳定,而不断提高汛期堤防应急监控水平是减轻洪涝灾害的必然途径。本文对现有堤防的相关监测技术进行了评述,在此基础上,结合作者20余年在地质与岩土工程光纤监测理论研究、技术研发和堤防监控应用实践,梳理了汛期堤防的应急光纤监控内容;介绍了基于3Ds的分布式光纤感测技术的堤防监控原理与最新进展;构建了汛期堤防应急光纤感知系统;重点介绍了汛期堤防水位、渗流、侵蚀和形变等分布式光纤监控技术,并指出了今后的研发方向和目标,以期为我国的汛期堤防应急防控提供一个新的监控思路与技术手段。

地方审计管理体制改革能抑制地方国有 企业金融资产配置吗?

以2015年末我国实施的省以下审计机关人财物管理试点改革作为准自然实验,选取2011—2020年A股地方国有企业为研究样本,利用双重差分模型实证检验地方审计管理体制改革对地方国有企业金融资产配置的影响。研究结果表明,地方审计管理体制改革有效抑制了地方国有企业金融资产配置规模。区分金融资产类别后研究发现,地方审计管理体制改革对企业显性金融资产规模的抑制效果较明显,但与隐性金融资产配置规模间无明显相关关系。进一步研究发现,当地方审计管理体制改革力度以及地方审计机关的审计强度越大时,政府审计对企业金融资产配置的抑制作用越明显。机制分析发现,地方审计管理体制改革通过规范政府干预缩减了地方国有企业显性金融资产配置规模,且在财政压力较大的地区这一抑制效果更为明显。

北京延庆泥石流隐患分布规律及演化趋势研究

泥石流是一种具有强烈破坏性的山区突发性地质灾害现象,是北京山区较严重、危害性较大的地质灾害类型之一。北京延庆泥石流灾害的研究主要针对局部或单流域泥石流沟,区域性的泥石流隐患特征、分布规律以及演化特征等研究工作极少。以北京延庆泥石流隐患为研究对象,旨在为延庆山区泥石流灾害预警预报和防灾减灾提供理论依据。通过收集延庆泥石流隐患相关文献资料,实际调查泥石流隐患发育特征,系统分析延庆泥石流灾害的孕灾背景情况,梳理自然地理、地质背景及人类活动之间的内在联系,查明泥石流隐患的沟域和物源特征,研究泥石流隐患所在流域的地貌形态、地形坡度、降雨条件及地层岩性的分布特征,探究泥石流、水石流和发育期、衰退期泥石流隐患的物源分布规律,查清泥石流隐患的物源转化过程,掌握延庆主要处于发育期和衰退期的泥石流隐患演化趋势。研究结果表明:延庆泥石流隐患属于暴雨型-沟谷型-支沟群发型泥石流,泥石流规模大小与流域地形地貌、松散堆积物累积、动态变化以及暴雨情况相关,研究成果可为泥石流调查研究、预测预报和监测预警提供科学依据和技术参考。

科研实验室气体使用过程隐患分析与应对方案

科研实验室用气全流程中存在一些不易发现或动态的隐患,这些隐患的辨识、评估和管控,对提高实验室用气安全水平非常重要。根据现行国家标准和《气瓶安全技术规程》,对这些隐患进行了分析和评判,并提出了“加强管理”和“人员培训”的应对方案,“人员培训”包括开设实验室安全教育培训和开展应急训练。

基于隐含空间模型降维和LDA模型的学科主题识别研究

【目的/意义】现有学科研究主题的梳理多为领域专家的定性分析和学科学者的文献梳理,一定程度会由于研究思维的局限性和获取知识的片面性造成学科研究主题误判,为有效避免漏判误判现象的发生,提出识别模型。【方法/过程】首先,运用传统LDA模型分析主题特征词;其次,结合上下文语义信息进行中文分词,形成学科主题词库;最后,结合隐含位置聚类算法发现潜在社区,提高主题识别效果。【结果/结论】提出的方法一定程度上优化了主题挖掘算法在识别短文本主题的效果,消除主观意愿。由计算机自行分类并实现科学研究前沿主题的预测,揭示前沿领域的研究热点,为致力于研究前沿学科的新兴学者提供参考价值。

完善政府债务管理制度:问题与思路

政府适度举债具有促进经济增长、平抑经济周期波动的作用,但如果管理制度不完善,债务超出财政承受能力,则会制约经济可持续发展。完善政府债务管理制度是进一步全面深化改革、推进中国式现代化的关键一环。历经近十年的地方政府性债务治理,我国取得了防范地方政府隐性债务风险的显著成效,但仍然没有将其根除。究其原因,是因为地方政府财权事权不完全匹配、地方经济发展思路尚未转变、显性债务管理体制不健全、缺少隐性债务化解的长效机制等财政根本性、体制性的矛盾没有得到真正化解。进一步全面深化改革应当针对政府债务管理制度的核心问题,通过对地方政府债务的全口径监测监管、加快地方融资平台的转型改革、健全地方政府专项债券管理体制等措施,建立防范化解隐性债务风险的长效机制,加强财政可持续性,进而推动经济高质量发展。

某水库大坝挡水坝段坝后渗漏探测及有限元分析

混凝土坝坝体渗漏影响大坝的安全性和耐久性,危及电器设备正常运行,应及时探查渗漏位置,消除渗漏隐患。为查明某混凝土挡水坝坝后渗漏原因,采用自然电位、跨孔声波、单孔声波、钻孔电视、钻孔取芯、注水试验、压水试验等多种方法对坝体混凝土质量进行检测,并基于检测成果开展有限元分析。检测发现:4号—5号坝段横缝存在渗漏异常,挡水坝段混凝土渗透系数不满足设计抗渗要求,各坝段混凝土存在不同程度蜂窝、离析、空洞和不密实现象,4号坝段520廊道与494廊道存在垂向渗漏通道,5号坝段钻孔之间混凝土存在渗漏通道,且廊道以下及向下游方向混凝土存在渗漏通道。有限元分析结果表明:515 m高程碾压混凝土与常态混凝土交界处为主要渗漏通道。

犯罪附随后果准用制度的构建

在轻罪时代,犯罪附随后果的适用受到来自犯罪分子人身危险性普遍降低和附随后果内容缺乏合理性两方面的挑战。犯罪附随后果的预防功能和人权保障的价值归正,要求对犯罪附随后果的适用作进一步调整。犯罪附随后果准用制度的本质是严格控制犯罪附随后果的适用,其构建要以犯罪附随后果的内容优化为前提,以较大人身危险性的判断为核心,以合理的适用原则为准绳,以科学的程序设计与救济机制为保障。与前科消灭、犯罪记录封存和复权制度相比,犯罪附随后果准用制度有明确、保护和彻底三方面的优越性。

基于GWO-HMM的空中交通网络流系统态势预测研究

针对空中交通流量管理部门如何更高效地实施流量管理的问题,本文将态势感知理论应用于空中交通网络流系统(ATNFS,air traffic network flow system),建立空中交通网络流系统的运行态势预测模型。首先,给出了空中交通网络流系统的态势感知过程,从节点和航线的角度筛选出航线饱和度、不正常航班率、节点饱和度、节点延误架次比、节点航班取消率5个态势要素,使用态势值作为态势理解的指标;其次,分析隐马尔可夫模型(HMM,hidden Markov model)的优势与不足,建立了基于灰狼优化(GWO,grey wolf optimization)算法和改进隐马尔可夫模型的态势预测模型;最后,使用某空中交通网络流系统的实际运行数据进行算例验证。结果表明,改进后的预测模型相较于原本的隐马尔可夫预测模型精度更高,预测结果更准确。

基于关键区域特征匹配的生产现场隐患识别方法

为精准识别生产现场的各类隐患问题,避免不安全生产事件的出现,提出一种基于关键区域特征匹配的生产现场隐患识别方法。获取隐患信息关键区域特征,并定义隐患信息分类标准,完成基于关键区域特征匹配的生产现场隐患信息处理。排查隐患问题,并对其等级进行针对性评估,再联合相关参数指标确定隐患识别阈值的取值范围,完成基于关键区域特征匹配的生产现场隐患识别方法的设计。实验结果表明,利用所提方法可以准确识别出设备老化、操作不规范、物料储存不当这三类隐患问题,能够有效避免不安全生产事件的出现,符合实际应用需求。

露天煤矿隐患数量分布规律研究

基于某露天煤矿年度隐患排查数据,采用统计分析方法,进行一定时间维度以及重点月度各类隐患数量分析,探索隐患数量分布规律,旨在为露天煤矿隐患排查治理工作提供借鉴指导。结果表明:隐患最多的月份为2月,2月隐患数量最多的类型与年度隐患数量最多的类型一致,隐患最少的类型与年度隐患最少的类型基本一致。隐患减少明显的月份依次为11月、12月、3月、7月,机电设备、运输隐患均出现在隐患数量减少最多的类型中;隐患增加明显的月份依次为10月、4月,机电设备隐患均出现在隐患数量增加最多的类型中。机电设备、运输两种隐患在年度隐患数量中占据重要比例,应作为隐患排查治理工作的重点。

基于三类危险源理论的事故模式及隐患提取方法

针对当前事故模式表述不明确、不清晰的问题和隐患识别不专业、不全面的缺陷,给出事故模式的一般性定义、内涵及提取步骤,并解释事故模式与隐患的关系,提出基于事故模式的生产现场隐患点的查找方法。参考《企业职工伤亡事故分类》(GB 6441—1986),统计2000—2022年化工行业较大及以上安全事故,分析不同类别隐患的发生概率。通过分析某石化企业丙烯装车场景下的事故根源、屏障失效及事故类型,提炼丙烯装车事故模式,生成隐患特征表。结果表明:不安全状态中第一类隐患、不安全行为中第一、第六、第十三类隐患在化工行业典型事故类型中发生的概率较高。丙烯装车场景下针对防止丙烯泄漏所设屏障识别隐患条目数最多,约占48.94%;N=1,M=1、m=6,M=6、m=8,M=13涉及的隐患条目发生概率约占各类目总体发生概率的49.23%,12.78%,14.44%和26.11%,应当作为防护重点。