The Demand of Ordinary People for Justice in Early China

In early China, ordinary people had a ＂right＂ to demand for justice and they often exerted that ＂right＂. Due to the nature of our sources, which are preoccupied with the concerns of the governing elite, the ordinary people＇s voices are often lost, but even the scanty evidence that we have suggests that ordinary people did not always passively wait for justice to be delivered to them by the authorities. On one hand, the elites recognized that all human being had the sense of justice and its expression was a natural tendency, on the other hand, ordinary people and elites actively demanded justice at least in three ways： they cried out to redress the injustices they had encountered; they honored the impartial judges for their honesty and fairness; and they protested against injustices through collective actions.

Transforming the Lives of Ordinary People in Malawi Through Radio Listening Clubs

This paper examines how radio listening clubs CRLCs） can be used to improve the lives of ordinary people in Malawi especially in rural areas. The paper draws its conclusion from data obtained through focus group discussions （FGDs~） with members of RLCs of two community radio stations, namely Nkhotakota and Mzimba. Other data collection techniques employed are semi-structured interviews with station managers of the two radio stations and members of non-governmental organizations CNGOs~ working with the RLCs. The paper argues that RLCs can create a platform for ordinary people to share, discuss, and find ways of how they can increase food availability in their homes, alleviate their poverty, empower ordinary people, and enable them to access loans and farm inputs. In that way, RLCs can contribute to the transformation of ordinary people＇s lives in the rural areas.

Hill Dwellers Climb Cultural Mountain——Miao people record their identity and history in eco-museum

Instead of running away, she stood to attention with arms akimbo and gave a serious smile. The giant wooden basket on her back almost made her fall as she tried to straighten her body. When I raised the camera, Yang Jiaxiu was walking along a narrow, muddy mountain path in a virgin fir forest, carrying about 50 kilograms of water. She twisted her body to pour the water into a large tank when she finally arrived at her house. Then the Miao woman put down the

Innovative Design of Sustainable Landscapes Integrating People-oriented,History,and Ecology

Sustainable landscape is the only trend of future landscape development,it is of realistic significance to guide landscape architects to engage in sustainable landscape design.In this study,landscape design experience in recent years was summarized and analyzed by studying relevant design cases,then innovative design of sustainable landscapes integrating people-oriented,history and ecology was proposed to help landscape architects or beginners confused about the complex design techniques to figure out the design orientation.

Construction of Core Values of Teenagers from the Perspective of Marxist Theory

Marxist theory is an im portant so urce of socialism core value theory,and building so cialism core values under the guidance of Marxist theory is a major proposition that must be considered in the ideological and political education of the new era.Based on the Marxist materialist conception of history,this paper analyzed,from the Marxist perspective,the dialectical relationship between the free and full developm ent of people,the value of peo ple and social development,pointed out the existing problems in ideological and political education and the necessity of targeted education of the core values for teenagers,and proposed to develop and innovate the ways and methods of ideological and political education as well as carry out extensive education on the Marxism,socialism patriotism and Chinese traditional culture under the guidance of Marxist theory,for the purpose of helping teenagers build socialism core values and strengthen their faith in the socialist road with Chinese characteristics and the ideals and beliefs of communism.

Romance of Village:A Way to Uncover the Story of Small Characters in War

The Village is a unique war story.It takes the life of ordinary little people to dig out the cruel corner of the war,and has the characteristics of the war theme works.However,it shows different aesthetic styles with unique artistic techniques by showing heaviness with lightness,and showing sadness with joy.

From Nikolay Umov E=kmc^(2) via Albert Einstein’s E=γmc^(2) to the Dark Energy Density of the Cosmos E=(21 22)mc^(2)

The paper starts from the remarkable classical equation of the great nineteenth century Russian physicist Nikolay Umov E=kmc2 where 1/2≤k≤1, m is the mass, c is the speed of light and E is the equivalent energy of m. After a short but deep discussion of the derivation of Umov we move to Einstein’s formula E=γmc2?where γis the Lorentz factor of special relativity and point out the interesting difference and similarity between Umov’s k and Lorentz-Einstein γ. This is particularly considered in depth for the special case which leads to the famous equation?E=mc2?that is interpreted here to be the maximal cosmic energy density possible. Subsequently we discuss the dissection of E=mc2 into two components, namely the cosmic dark energy density E(D)=(21/22)MC2 and the ordinary energy density E(O)=MC2/22? where?E(D)+E(O)=MC2. Finally we move from this to the three-part dissection where we show that E is simply the sum of pure dark energy E(PD) plus dark matter energy E(DM) as well as ordinary energy E(O).

Income and Expenses for Ordinary People

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唯物史观与中华优秀传统思想的进步历史观

在中国哲学史上,哲学家们提出了一系列关于社会历史发展规律的观点和看法。中华优秀传统历史观念构成了中华优秀传统思想的进步历史观。中华优秀传统思想的进步历史观包括重“势”的进步社会历史观、对厚古薄今复古主义历史观的批判思想、民本思想、大同思想、“大一统”思想等,蕴含着与唯物史观相契合的合理因素和创新萌芽,在中国社会历史观发展史上产生了积极影响,为马克思主义唯物史观的中国化时代化贡献了中华优秀传统哲学智慧。汲取中华优秀传统思想进步历史观的有益成分,有助于进一步实现唯物史观与中华优秀传统思想进步历史观的有机结合,在“两个结合”中继续推进马克思主义中国化时代化。

论新时代信访工作法治化模式

党的十八大以来,信访工作法治化改革持续推进,其制度成果集中体现于《信访工作条例》。新时代的信访工作法治化,要求每个环节严格依法,做到预防法治化、受理法治化、办理法治化、监督追责法治化、维护秩序法治化。它建立于“在法治轨道上全面建设社会主义现代化国家”“全面推进国家各方面工作法治化”的理论基础之上,显现出鲜明的时代特征,形成了制度化规范化的“信访渠道汇集问题、依法分流处理、兜底解决剩余问题”的信访工作法治化模式。这种模式具有高度的实践回应性,信访渠道聚集问题有其社会心理基础,分流处理问题契合体制运行规律,剩余问题兜底解决有赖综合施策。这种模式不仅回应合法诉求,而且能有效回应政策性、情感性等各种诉求,体现了信访工作的群众工作属性,在法治化的同时保持了社会主义底色。

美国现代中国文学史书写的美学范式与谱系

自20世纪60年代至今,美国的现代中国文学史书写思想多元,成就斐然。其书写路径最具代表性的是夏志清的新批评美学、许芥昱的政治美学以及王德威的后现代主义美学。不同时期美学范式的变迁反映了中美关系变迁、西方文学理论思潮冲击以及汉学史的内在流变等诸多因素。内外因素交织的历史语境生成了文学性历史与历史性文学的辩证以及解构主义思路。通过考察三位华裔学者不同的美学范式与交叉谱系,可以更好地揭示美国的现代中国文学史书写的整体脉络,为国内文学史研究提供互鉴与交流的跨文化阐释思路。

“现代人”思想·长篇小说诗学·美学和历史视野——撰写中国现代长篇小说史(1922—1949年)的几点思考

撰写中国现代长篇小说史最基本也是最重要的一个思路是:以“现代人”思想为根,以长篇小说诗学为本,在美学和历史的视野下,通过对前二者融创度与完成度的探析与相关艺术问题的剖析、阐释,实现对中国现代长篇小说发展历程共时性与历时性的描述与定位,即在主潮中透视,在诗学中辨析,在审美中感悟,在时代中把握,进而清晰地勾勒出中国现代长篇小说的发展脉络、艺术得失。通过对现代长篇小说诗学艺术的深入揭示,对其中出现的一些重要的现象与问题加以理论的探讨与提升,深化中国现代长篇小说研究的问题意识,构建并拓宽中国现代长篇小说的审美认知谱系,是撰写中国现代长篇小说史的一个有效范式。

从科技对教育影响的历史看数字化对教育变革的作用

教育数字化有多种话语形态,需要从单一强势的技术话语中走出,避免师生陷入工具理性窠臼,让所有人在数字化话语中处于相对平等的站立状态。科技对教育影响的历史表明,即便科技发展对教育的影响是巨大而又关键的,但它的影响具有明显的层级差异。教育作为巨复杂系统不可能彻底科技化、数字化。教育数字化需要在遵从教育原理与规律、坚守教育目的与价值基础上主动积极数字化。在现实中,形式化、功利化、低效的教育数字化危害已经出现,如何有效、适量、恰当地满足使用者自主自愿需求,避免过度抬高数字化而贬低人,需要不断探索。数字化对学生人格的养成造成伤害,技术治理主义对人的本性不断挤压,数字化不断加剧教育的同质化,用大数据方式违逆并损伤学生本能的小数据认知能力与方式,不断增大的数字鸿沟,等等问题,不仅未能引起足够的关注,更没有可行与有效的解决措施。在教育数字化进程中,坚守人的主体性,注重人的成长过程与成长效果,“避免被数字化”成为需要在各方面、各环节严守的底线。教育数字化在技术上可能出现奇点,但通过坚守人本、法治和平权的理念,在均势条件下,以道德规范、群体规则、法律建设和防危害技术的不断提升,确保尽可能减少技术不确定性给人类带来的风险与伤害。

当代比较图书馆学的脉络与进路

文章分1949年到70年代末、20世纪80年代到世纪末、新世纪以来等三个阶段,从翻译工作、基础理论研究、应用研究等方面,对新中国成立以来比较图书馆学的发展脉络进行了梳理,认为比较图书馆学的发展进入难得的历史机遇期,当下比较图书馆学遭遇的问题和困境,是整个图书馆学基础理论研究状况的一个表征,对此提出加强比较图书馆学基础理论研究、完善研究方法体系、推进应用研究、夯实研究资料基础、重视学科教育与人才培养、建设学术交流平台等建议。

素养立意立德树人——核心素养视角下新修订历史统编教材七年级上册变化解析

新修订历史统编教材编写立足学生核心素养发展,落实立德树人根本任务。从核心素养视角,将2024年版新修订历史统编教材(七年级上册)与2016年版进行比较,从新教材增加、删除、修改的内容对比中,发现新教材呈现如下特点:更加突出唯物史观;进一步加强对学生时空观念的培养;运用更多史料助推史料实证;全面准确高要求进行历史解释;多角度多形式涵养家国情怀。明晰新教材在核心素养方面发生的新变化,可为教师更好地理解和运用新教材提供参考和借鉴。

人民民主:一个政治概念的中国化演变

中国的民主是“人民民主”。近代以来,“人民民主”贯穿于整个中国社会的发展变迁,在“民主”—“人民民主”—“全过程人民民主”的话语流变中呈现出不同的概念内涵,蕴含着深刻的历史逻辑。从概念史角度予以透视,“人民民主”概念历经西学东渐、“民主”革命、“民主”建国、“民主”发展、“民主”创新五个阶段,初步建构起中国化的民主话语体系,其演变符合一定的遍在性规律,本质上是对特定时空环境的反射与回应。站在分析视野解构这一演变,“民主”的中国化是必然的历史走向,“全过程人民民主”也内嵌时代要求。正确把握“人民民主”概念的演变规律,俾使“全过程人民民主”理论体系与实践效能得到进一步完善提升。

何以开拓三线建设研究新边疆

三线建设是新中国历史上建构战略腹地的重大工程。近年来,在学术界同人的共同努力下,三线建设研究成果不断涌现,俨然成为党史、国史的热点领域。站在中共中央1964年提出三线建设战略决策60周年纪念的当下,检视三线建设的既有研究,存在史料同质化、研究碎片化、差异性不足等问题,制约着三线建设学术研究的进一步深入。要克服这一阻碍,未来应从三个方面突破:一是视角向下、深入基层,建构立体综合的史料体系;二是在继续拓展三线建设内史的同时,加强外史研究,并在二者之间建立逻辑自洽的联接;三是注重三线建设对历史造成的断裂和延续,从长时段的视角思考三线建设的历史定位,并以共时性与历时性相结合的思路,开拓三线建设研究新边疆。

中华优秀传统文化融入高校史学类课程的思考

中华优秀传统文化是中华民族历史积淀的精华,凝结了丰富的史学、哲学、科学等智慧,对塑造民族文化自信和民族精神具有重要的支撑作用。历史学科在高等教育中具有独特的作用和价值,应当始终立足学科特点,坚持立德树人重要使命,辩证地认识优秀传统文化的内涵,审慎地调整教学内容和设计,多种教学方法并行融会,以真正浸润情感、富有哲理的授课感染学生,立德树人。中华优秀传统文化资源只有转化为有效的教育教学资源,用以教化人心,方能为中华民族文化自信和民族精神的传承持续提供动力。

Mapuche People:Valuing a Colonial Past in the Official Primary History Textbook from an Intermodal Perspective of Historical Sources

This article explores from an intermodal perspective how visual and verbal historical documents contribute to the construction of value positions regarding the Mapuche people during colonial and early republican times in the latest official 5 thgrade primary Chilean History textbook.The study analyzes,in particular,the visual and verbal historical secondary sources that build in combination evaluative prosodies that in turn contribute to construct determinate ideological perspectives regarding Mapuche people.The discourse analysis takes a social and ideological intermodal approach(Oteíza&Pinuer 2016,2019)focusing on an appraisal analysis(Martin&White 2005;Martin2014;Hood 2010;Oteíza&Pinuer 2012,2019)informed by socio-semiotic and Systemic Functional Linguistics theories.The cumulative intersemiotic reading of symbolic images and written documents privileges evaluative prosodies of negative integrity and of high conflict,in which Mapuche people are represented with more agency than Hispanics,emphasizing the stereotype of indigenous people as foreign,exotic and brave warriors,but also as violent,primitive and savage people that have had resisted Hispanic desires of slavering and cultural assimilation.Historical secondary sources offer alternative historical interpretations,although mainly constructed by evoked evaluations that could be less evident to children.

研究日据时期中国台湾人民抗日斗争历史的五点认识——《日据时期台湾人民抗日斗争史》导言

日据时期中国台湾人民抗日斗争是近代中国人民反抗帝国主义侵略的重要组成部分。通观日据时期中国台湾人民抗日斗争的历史,可以得出五点认识:第一,日本对中国台湾省的军事占领是帝国主义时代的产物;第二,日据时期中国台湾人民的抗日斗争是甲午战争的延续,是中国人民抗日斗争的一部分;第三,日据时期中国台湾人民抗日斗争可以1915年、1937年为节点分为三个历史时期,各个时期各有不同特点;第四,日据时期中国台湾人民的抗日斗争往往以祖国为依靠或者受祖国人民民主革命的启发;第五,日据时期中国台湾人民的抗日斗争始终坚持了中国人的立场。历史昭示现实,坚持一个中国原则,是完成国家统一的全部历史和法理依据。