This research uses a theoretical conceptual method based on Chantal Mouffe＇s Radical Democracy which blended with Derrida＇s deconstruction thesis about ＂democracy to come＂ to reach findings on the state of South A...This research uses a theoretical conceptual method based on Chantal Mouffe＇s Radical Democracy which blended with Derrida＇s deconstruction thesis about ＂democracy to come＂ to reach findings on the state of South Africa＇s media freedom landscape. The method is contained in the conceptual framework. The article provides the constitutional legal landscape--or the overarching laws of the land--and the co-regulatory framework within which journalists work. There are four research explications： the Protection of State Information Bill （dubbed the Secrecy Bill）, a painting of the president and Freedom of Expression, an arson attack on a community radio station and finally, the death of a photojournalist at the hands of police. The argument here is that the death, the arson attack, the Secrecy Bill, and the shut-down of dissent during the exhibition of the painting of the president all undermine democracy and signify significant closures for the media in the now 20-year-old post-apartheid South Africa. The analysis and reflections will be framed within theories of radical democracy, which argue for more fights and contestations and more voices from the margins in order to deepen democracy, rather than rational consensus which closes the spaces for greater plurality.展开更多
Freedom of religious belief is a clear civil right enshrined in the Chinese Constitution. The Chinese government’s effective protection of the freedom of religious belief and the legitimate rights and interests of th...Freedom of religious belief is a clear civil right enshrined in the Chinese Constitution. The Chinese government’s effective protection of the freedom of religious belief and the legitimate rights and interests of the religious community in China has created conditions and provided opportunities for the religious community to play a more active role in social affairs. The five major religions in China are participating in the building of a community of common destiny for all mankind.展开更多
In August 21, 1991 Latvia started new direction to the people of Latvia; they now had to learn to establish relations on a new basis. The transformation could not occur on a single date. The totalitarian regime began ...In August 21, 1991 Latvia started new direction to the people of Latvia; they now had to learn to establish relations on a new basis. The transformation could not occur on a single date. The totalitarian regime began to collapse as early as in 1987 with the liberalization processes in the economy and politics. It continued with the formation of political movements and parties. The declaration of an independent state on May 4, 1990, began a transition period to complete independence and to a start of the democratic regime and democratization. Latvia＇s Constitution Satversme Article 1 states that Latvia is a democratic Republic. It means that one of the constitutional identity elements is based on democracy. The most important person in a democracy is a loyal citizen with freedom to form and join organizations and political parties, freedom of expression, fight to vote, information source diversity, free and open elections and freedom of choice. This paper examines the following questions： how political leaders perform in democratization process, about vision and mission of political leaders; whether those leaders who were known at the beginning of democratization process are also on a political scene currently, during consolidation process of democracy. A/so institutions which are established in order to develop the formation of democratization are mentioned as a necessity for supervision of the democratic state. The paper evaluates the political responsibilities of the leader and how the formation of democracy is stated in different government declarations. The paper aims to conclude about the performance of leaders in democratization process.展开更多
The importance of setting up a correct political value is self-evident. In the era of many changes, it is necessary for Chinese people to not only learn the advanced concepts and experience from other countries and al...The importance of setting up a correct political value is self-evident. In the era of many changes, it is necessary for Chinese people to not only learn the advanced concepts and experience from other countries and also constantly absorb nutrition from traditional Chinese culture. Also, the inappropriate composition in the political values should be rethought and criticized profoundly, so that not only the political values of Chinese people can give a reflection to the superiority of socialism, and also people＇s personality and vitality are fully respected and developed.展开更多
The Adventures of Tom Sawyer is one of the most famous satirical novels of Mark Twain, which satirizes the decadent religious rituals of the United States and eulogizes the free and lively nature of the early youth wi...The Adventures of Tom Sawyer is one of the most famous satirical novels of Mark Twain, which satirizes the decadent religious rituals of the United States and eulogizes the free and lively nature of the early youth with the quality daring to pursue through the experience of the protagonist Tom. Sawyer, a little boy. By analyzing how Mark paints the good quality of the chil?dren under the decay system from the three angles—the pursuit of freedom, the courage to explore, and the sense of justice, we can present the very valuable educational idea to contemporary parents and children.展开更多
investigates how Marx’s early views came out of the interaction of Marx’s already independently developed philosophical world-view, based on Hegel’s idealism, and his increasingly distinctive revolutionary democrat...investigates how Marx’s early views came out of the interaction of Marx’s already independently developed philosophical world-view, based on Hegel’s idealism, and his increasingly distinctive revolutionary democratic political standpoint. Also, participation in actual struggles was extremely significant for facilitating the transformation of Marx’s revolutionary democratic views. Marx, especially in his Kreuznach studies, viewed legal and political systems within a broad historical context and was able to reveal how their changes conformed to the system of ownership, determined the political attitudes of the various social strata and gave concentrated expression to the ruling class’ economic interests. From this Marx concluded that capitalist society’s so-called freedom, equality and human rights were deceptive and limited. All this caused him to move beyond idealism to materialism, and beyond revolutionary democracy to communism. This developmental process was also the source of the historical materialist view of law. The author does not believe Marx’s early legal views to be all fully matured Marxist legal thought and cautions Chinese scholars to be more discriminating in using Marx’s theories from this period to guide the theory and practice of establishing a socialist legal system.展开更多
文摘This research uses a theoretical conceptual method based on Chantal Mouffe＇s Radical Democracy which blended with Derrida＇s deconstruction thesis about ＂democracy to come＂ to reach findings on the state of South Africa＇s media freedom landscape. The method is contained in the conceptual framework. The article provides the constitutional legal landscape--or the overarching laws of the land--and the co-regulatory framework within which journalists work. There are four research explications： the Protection of State Information Bill （dubbed the Secrecy Bill）, a painting of the president and Freedom of Expression, an arson attack on a community radio station and finally, the death of a photojournalist at the hands of police. The argument here is that the death, the arson attack, the Secrecy Bill, and the shut-down of dissent during the exhibition of the painting of the president all undermine democracy and signify significant closures for the media in the now 20-year-old post-apartheid South Africa. The analysis and reflections will be framed within theories of radical democracy, which argue for more fights and contestations and more voices from the margins in order to deepen democracy, rather than rational consensus which closes the spaces for greater plurality.
文摘Freedom of religious belief is a clear civil right enshrined in the Chinese Constitution. The Chinese government’s effective protection of the freedom of religious belief and the legitimate rights and interests of the religious community in China has created conditions and provided opportunities for the religious community to play a more active role in social affairs. The five major religions in China are participating in the building of a community of common destiny for all mankind.
文摘In August 21, 1991 Latvia started new direction to the people of Latvia; they now had to learn to establish relations on a new basis. The transformation could not occur on a single date. The totalitarian regime began to collapse as early as in 1987 with the liberalization processes in the economy and politics. It continued with the formation of political movements and parties. The declaration of an independent state on May 4, 1990, began a transition period to complete independence and to a start of the democratic regime and democratization. Latvia＇s Constitution Satversme Article 1 states that Latvia is a democratic Republic. It means that one of the constitutional identity elements is based on democracy. The most important person in a democracy is a loyal citizen with freedom to form and join organizations and political parties, freedom of expression, fight to vote, information source diversity, free and open elections and freedom of choice. This paper examines the following questions： how political leaders perform in democratization process, about vision and mission of political leaders; whether those leaders who were known at the beginning of democratization process are also on a political scene currently, during consolidation process of democracy. A/so institutions which are established in order to develop the formation of democratization are mentioned as a necessity for supervision of the democratic state. The paper evaluates the political responsibilities of the leader and how the formation of democracy is stated in different government declarations. The paper aims to conclude about the performance of leaders in democratization process.
文摘The importance of setting up a correct political value is self-evident. In the era of many changes, it is necessary for Chinese people to not only learn the advanced concepts and experience from other countries and also constantly absorb nutrition from traditional Chinese culture. Also, the inappropriate composition in the political values should be rethought and criticized profoundly, so that not only the political values of Chinese people can give a reflection to the superiority of socialism, and also people＇s personality and vitality are fully respected and developed.
文摘The Adventures of Tom Sawyer is one of the most famous satirical novels of Mark Twain, which satirizes the decadent religious rituals of the United States and eulogizes the free and lively nature of the early youth with the quality daring to pursue through the experience of the protagonist Tom. Sawyer, a little boy. By analyzing how Mark paints the good quality of the chil?dren under the decay system from the three angles—the pursuit of freedom, the courage to explore, and the sense of justice, we can present the very valuable educational idea to contemporary parents and children.
文摘investigates how Marx’s early views came out of the interaction of Marx’s already independently developed philosophical world-view, based on Hegel’s idealism, and his increasingly distinctive revolutionary democratic political standpoint. Also, participation in actual struggles was extremely significant for facilitating the transformation of Marx’s revolutionary democratic views. Marx, especially in his Kreuznach studies, viewed legal and political systems within a broad historical context and was able to reveal how their changes conformed to the system of ownership, determined the political attitudes of the various social strata and gave concentrated expression to the ruling class’ economic interests. From this Marx concluded that capitalist society’s so-called freedom, equality and human rights were deceptive and limited. All this caused him to move beyond idealism to materialism, and beyond revolutionary democracy to communism. This developmental process was also the source of the historical materialist view of law. The author does not believe Marx’s early legal views to be all fully matured Marxist legal thought and cautions Chinese scholars to be more discriminating in using Marx’s theories from this period to guide the theory and practice of establishing a socialist legal system.
