Erratum to “The enriched gut commensal Faeciroseburia intestinalis contributes to the anti-metabolic disorders effects of the Ganoderma meroterpene derivative” [Food Science and Human Wellness 11 (2022) 85-96]

The authors were contacted after publication to request a replacement of Fig.2M in the manuscript.Unfortunately,the authors inadvertently used an image of the model(Vehicle)group liver histopathology section that matches an image published in Fig.2D of Cell Reports(Volume 26,Issue 1,pages 222–235.e5).

Changes in human settlement environments and their drivers in valley cities located in arid and semi-arid regions:A case study of Lanzhou in Western China

Development of urban human settlement environments(HSEs)is an integral part of promoting high-quality and sustainable regional development and constructing a beautiful China.The city of Lanzhou,located at the geometric center of China,is the only provincial capital traversed by the Yellow River.Given the constraints posed by the valley topography and the need for economic development,the development of this HSE,which is located within an arid region,poses considerable challenges.Evidently,an understanding of the evolution of HSEs and drivers of changes in them contributes to high-quality,sustainable urban development in arid and semi-arid regions.An analytical model was developed using the parameters of relief degree of land surface,human comfort days,the land cover index,nighttime light index,and precipitation.This model was used in combination with population density and the gross domestic product to analyze the spatial distribution of Lanzhou's HSE and its drivers.The results showed that landscapes in Lanzhou underwent significant changes between 2000 and 2022,with an increase in building-up land(+0.946%),cultivated land(+0.134%),and forest land(+0.018%)and a decrease in grassland(-1.10%).There was significant outward expansion of the main urban zone of Lanzhou and of various county towns,with the increase in building-up land being most prominent.During this period,there were significant changes in the periphery of the core urban area and county towns in Lanzhou,with decreases moving from the urban center(the highest value)to the surrounding areas(Yongdeng County had the lowest value).The correlation between the HSE and population density grew stronger in Anning and Chengguan Districts but became weaker in Xigu and Qilihe Districts.Spatiotemporal variations in the HSE were primarily caused by climate change,followed by human activities,and were also influenced by the valley topography.Overall,the spatial distribution of population density and the HSE in Lanzhou demonstrated good consistency under the in-fluence of economic development and urbanization.

Reflections on the Improvement of Rural Human Settlement Environment from the Perspective of Beauty and Livability

The construction of beautiful and livable villages is one of the important tasks of ruralrevitalization in the new era, and the development of rural areas attaches more and more importanceto the improvement of human settlement environment. By investigating the construction status andexisting problems of Zhaoba Village in Nanjing, it tries to take “beauty” and “livability” as the planningrequirements. The village positioning is planned accurately, and the functional layout is carried outreasonably. According to the characteristic industries, landscape features and infrastructure of ZhaobaVillage, humanized construction strategies are put forward, thus improving the quality of human settlementenvironment in Zhaoba Village.

Impact of human settlements quality on urban vitality based on multisource data:A case study of Shahekou District,Dalian,China

Urban geography has always been concerned about the influence of human settlements on urban vitality,but few studies reveal the influence of human settlements on urban vitality at a micro-scale.This paper analyzes the spatial distribution characteristics of human settlements’quality and urban vitality at the micro-scale using Geodetectors and geographic weighted regression to analyze the relationship between human settlements and urban vitality.The results are shown as follows:there is still a significant development space for human settlements quality in Shahekou District,with obvious spatial dependence characteristics and significant gaps between various systems;the urban vitality of Shahekou District has obvious timeliness,and the urban vitality undergoes significant changes over time,which is related to the human settlements quality.The spatial distribution presents a single core spatial distribution structure with strong relative stability.The spatial distribution of cold and hot spots shows a pattern of“high in the north and low in the south,high in the east and low in the west”,with an increasing trend from southwest to northeast;the reachability of public transport has a significant impact on urban vitality.Its synergy with other variables is the leading force forming the spatial distribution of urban vitality.The environmental system,support system and social system are the significant factors affecting the urban vitality of Shahekou District.

Principles for Designing New Types of Housing for a Strong and Resilient Local Economy in the Republic of Congo

The Congolese population is organised into households, which are thus headed by a chief who ensures the social well-being, development and integration into working life of the individuals in his charge. This study examines the functional principles of new housing design as an instrument for transforming the (current) failing economy into a strong and resilient one. Accordingly, a literature review of the practice of designing and building housing in human settlements in the Congo revealed the state of the art on this subject. An analysis of the existing housing stock from a demographic, social and economic point of view made it possible to identify the most common household sizes and numbers, as well as the lifestyle processes that determine the need for developed space. To this end, the experimental method was used to propose configuration plans for various new types of dwelling. To this end, the study highlighted the link between people’s standard of living and the effectiveness of their involvement in the local economy. To achieve the aims of the National Development Plan (NDP), particular attention must be paid to solving the housing problem. The existing housing stock actively contributes to the problems associated with unemployment and insecurity. Functional principles for the design of new types of housing have been developed. Four model types are proposed in line with the demographic structure of the population, their socio-economic characteristics and their lifestyle.

Operation and Consideration of a Pipe Corrosion Inspection System Based on Human-in-the-Loop Machine Learning

The aim of this study is to improve the efficiency of external corrosion inspection of pipes in chemical plants.Currently,the preferred method involves manual inspection of images of corroded pipes;however,this places significant workload on human experts owing to the large number of required images.Furthermore,visual assessment of corrosion levels is prone to subjective errors.To address these issues,we developed an AI(artificial intelligence)-based corrosion-diagnosis system(AI corrosion-diagnosis system)and implemented it in a factory.The proposed system architecture was based on HITL(human-in-the-loop)ML(machine learning)[1].To overcome the difficulty of developing a highly accurate ML model during the PoC(proof-of-concept)stage,the system relies on cooperation between humans and the ML model,utilizing human expertise during operation.For instance,if the accuracy of the ML model was initially 60%during the development stage,a cooperative approach would be adopted during the operational stage,with humans supplementing the remaining 40%accuracy.The implemented system’s ML model achieved a recall rate of approximately 70%.The system’s implementation not only contributed to the efficiency of operations by supporting diagnosis through the ML model but also facilitated the transition to systematic data management,resulting in an overall workload reduction of approximately 50%.The operation based on HITL was demonstrated to be a crucial element for achieving efficient system operation through the collaboration of humans and ML models,even when the initial accuracy of the ML model was low.Future efforts will focus on improving the detection of corrosion at elevated locations by considering using video cameras to capture pipe images.The goal is to reduce the workload for inspectors and enhance the quality of inspections by identifying corrosion locations using ML models.

Evaluating the suitability of different terrains for sustaining human settlements according to the local elevation range in China using the ASTER GDEM

The topographical suitability assessment of human settlements(SAHS) creates a solid foundation for regional population distribution and socio-economic development. Local elevation range(LER) is an important factor that can be used to assess the suitability of different terrains for sustaining human settlements. However, current digital elevation model(DEM)-based LER products suffer from some challenges typically because of their subjectively selected neighborhood scales and coarser spatial resolution. In this study, we initially determined the optimal statistical window and then calculated the appropriate LER with the finer resolution data of the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer Global DEM(ASTER GDEM) products for China. Then, the appropriate LER was used to evaluate the topographical SAHS and its correlations with the national gridded population distribution(1 km × 1 km) in 2010. The results show that the optimal statistical window for calculating a 1 arc-second(about 30 m) resolution GDEM LER for China can be determined using a 51 × 51 grid unit(width × height) within a rectangular neighborhood, corresponding to an area of about 2.34 km^2. Secondly, the LER values in the southern and western China were greater than those of the north and east, showing a trend which consistently reflects the general spatial features of landforms. Finally, the relationship between GDEM LER and population density was highly correlated with the R^2 value of 0.81. It showed that 85.22% of the Chinese population was located in areas where the LER is lower than 500 m. The topographically suitable area within China decreased from the southeastern coastal zone towards the northwestern inland areas due to transition from plains and basins to plateaus and mountains. The total area of moderate to high suitable level was 423.84 × 10~4 km^2, or 44.15% of the total land area, with 88.17% of the national population. Our study demonstrates the usefulness of appropriate LER in evaluating the topographical SAHS as well as its significant impact on population distribution.

Climate Suitability Assessment of Human Settlements for Regions along the Belt and Road

Climate is one important environmental variable that affects human life.As the regions along the Belt and Road(B&R)encompass vast territories and large populations,it is significant to assess climate suitability for human settlements,which will influence the migration of various surrounding countries.We selected seven regions including 65 countries along the B&R for the research area and adopted the temperature-humidity index(THI),to assess the climate suitability.We analyzed the spatial characteristics of THI and the correlation between population distribution and THI,the results of which enabled us to adjust the THI classification criteria.We finally assessed the climate suitability of each region.The results reveal that outside the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,the THI values generally tend to decrease from west to east as longitude increases and downward with increasing latitude.The population distribution is significantly correlated with the THI.Regions with relative suitable climate,including high suitability areas(HASs),moderately suitable areas(MSAs)and low suitability areas(LSAs),account for 50.62%of the total area and encompass in excess of 90%of total population.These areas are widely distributed in the southern regions of 45°N latitude,again with the exception of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.Critical suitable area includes 19.48%of the entire area and 8.98%of total population.The non-suitable area accounts for less than 30%of total area,concentrated in the cold high-latitude and high-altitude areas.

Factors influencing the quality of rural human settlements in a peripheral metropolitan area based on a structural equation model:A case study from Beijing

Rural human settlement is a significant indicator of the living standards of rural residents,and its improvement can contribute to promoting the positive interaction between inhabited environment and the social,economic,and resource environment in the countryside.Based on 557 valid questionnaires of satisfaction evaluation of human settlement in the peripheral metropolitan area of Beijing,this paper analyzed the elemental characteristics and factors influencing human settlement quality using multivariate statistical analysis and a structural equation model.The result shows that,first,the rural residents in a peripheral metropolitan area of Beijing are generally satisfied with the quality of human settlement(satisfaction rate is 66.2%).Specifically,the natural and social environment of the countryside is excellent and harmonious and corresponding standard of countryside infrastructure is advanced,but the quality of public services and follow-up management of facilities are in urgent need of improvement and the imbalance between revenue and expenditure of rural households has led to a continuous increase in the pressures of life.Second,factors such as social atmosphere,appearance of the village,entertainment,living costs,fundamental public services,and production costs have significant effects on human settlement quality in this peripheral metropolitan area,with social atmosphere as the main one.Living costs and supporting services are the main constraints to improvement in the quality of human settlement.

Village Renovation Planning Based on The Sciences of Human Settlements: A Case Study of Former Xukou Village in Xuzhou

In recent years, the disorder of rural space, the gradual decline and extinction of traditional culture, the destruction of natural environment, the excessive consumption of natural resources and so on all lead to the increasingly backward problem of rural human settlements. Under this background, people also gradually turn their attention to the renovation and planning of rural human settlements. Based on practical investigation, this study analyzed the importance of village renovation planning and summarized the basic principles of village renovation planning. Based on the theory of The Sciences of Human Settlements, applying rigorous comprehensive research methods, it put forward the main contents of village renovation planning: land use planning, economic and industrial planning, comprehensive renovation of residential environment, renovation of residential buildings, environmental improvement, infrastructure renovation and construction management measures. This study took Xukou Village renovation planning of Peixian County, Xuzhou City as an example, systematically and comprehensively analyzed the existing problems, and put forward targeted renovation strategies to build a village renovation planning system and to provide good experience and reference for the sustainable development of rural human settlements and provide reference and basis for the government to formulate relevant policies and take corresponding measures and solve practical problems.

Improvement of Rural Human Settlements and Rural Planning Strategies From the Perspective of Public Goods

Rural human settlements cover the environment and facilities related to rural production, life and ecology, and belong to the category of rural public goods. Due to the long-term implementation of the strategy of giving priority to the development of cities, the supply of rural public goods in China has been in a state of inadequacy. From the perspective of public goods supply, rural human settlement projects can be divided into three categories: public welfare projects, quasi-public welfare projects and operational projects. Because of its particularity and complexity, quasi-public welfare projects often become weak links in rural human settlements. We should give full play to the respective advantages of the government, enterprises and village collectives, and work together to promote the effective supply of rural public goods. In this process, rural planning should shoulder the responsibility as a means of public policy and governance. Rural planning needs to clearly define the future-oriented rural system, pay attention to peopleoriented facility needs, and provide a variety of services. Through guiding rural construction and allocating public resources, the countryside planning will be an important part of rural revitalization strategy.

Optimal Design of Rural Human Settlements Under the Background of New Era

The optimization of rural human settlements has made great achievements in the rapid development of China’s social economy,but from the overall effect,there are still many problems to be solved in the construction of rural human settlements.Based on the current situation of rural human settlements,this study investigated and analyzed the existing problems of rural human settlements.On this basis,the principles of optimal design of rural human settlements under the background of the new era and specific improvement measures were clarified,hoping to provide some reference for the future optimization of rural human settlements.

Evaluation the Quality of Urban Human Settlement of Underdeveloped Cities in Arid Region——Taking Shihezi as an Example

The evaluation index system of the quality of human settlements in Shihezi was analyzed and established,and index weights were also determined by AHP and Delphi.Based on data standardization,the evaluation value and classification of the quality of human settlements in Shihezi was obtained.The results showed that the quality of human settlements in Shihezi was better and the evaluation value of natural ecological environment was the highest,finally reasonable suggestions were put forward according to the evaluation results.

Research on the Video Detection of Human Respiratory Motion Based on Sequential Images

Objective:Explore the feasibility of the high precision accelerometer for measuring the human respiratory displacement.Methods:A wireless acceleration acquisition system with the low power consumption and the high precision was designed with the high precision acceleration sensor ADXL355 as the core device.Based on the frequency characteristics of the breathing motion and the principle that the displacement can be calculated by the acceleration quadratic integration,two displacement measurement algorithms for the quasi-periodic weak motion are designed.Results:The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is effective.The experimental results show that the designed acquisition system and algorithm can calculate the human respiratory displacement.Conclusion:The high precision accelerometer can be used to measure the human respiratory displacement,which provides a new method for the measurement of the human respiratory displacement.

Extensive identification of landslide boundaries using remote sensing images and deep learning method

The frequent occurrence of extreme weather events has rendered numerous landslides to a global natural disaster issue.It is crucial to rapidly and accurately determine the boundaries of landslides for geohazards evaluation and emergency response.Therefore,the Skip Connection DeepLab neural network(SCDnn),a deep learning model based on 770 optical remote sensing images of landslide,is proposed to improve the accuracy of landslide boundary detection.The SCDnn model is optimized for the over-segmentation issue which occurs in conventional deep learning models when there is a significant degree of similarity between topographical geomorphic features.SCDnn exhibits notable improvements in landslide feature extraction and semantic segmentation by combining an enhanced Atrous Spatial Pyramid Convolutional Block(ASPC)with a coding structure that reduces model complexity.The experimental results demonstrate that SCDnn can identify landslide boundaries in 119 images with MIoU values between 0.8and 0.9;while 52 images with MIoU values exceeding 0.9,which exceeds the identification accuracy of existing techniques.This work can offer a novel technique for the automatic extensive identification of landslide boundaries in remote sensing images in addition to establishing the groundwork for future inve stigations and applications in related domains.

Coordinated Development of Human Settlement and Economy in County-level Cities in the Yellow River Basin

[Objective] To provide quantification means for comprehensively analyzing the coordinated development of urban human settlement and economy by constructing an index system of economy and human settlement. [Method] By constructing an evaluation index system of economy and human settlement, and using the coordinate measurement model of them, 22 county-level cities in the Yellow River Basin were analyzed. [Result] In the Yellow River Basin, the construction level of economy and human settlement in those county-level cities is low with distinct spatial differences and deteriorating polarization; there is a great spatial corresponding between coordinated development degree and economic level, the higher the economic development level, the higher coordinated development degree in county-level cities; county-level cities around the boundaries of provinces have difficulties in development. [Conclusion] Evaluation standards and models are clear in significance, convenient in application, which can successfully evaluate the coordination of human settlement development in the study region.

Current Use and Coordinated Development of Traditional Residential Districts from the Perspective of Human Settlement—A Case Study of Nanyuan Dormitory Area of Anhui Agricultural University

In view of China's rapid urbanization,Nanyuan Dormitory Area of Anhui Agricultural University was studied as a representative of traditional living quarters with harmonious neighborhood relationship to discuss current use and coordinated development of traditional residential districts from the perspective of human settlement.Problems in the dormitory area were analyzed,neighboring environment,regional characteristics,cultures and all relevant elements were fully considered to build a favorable human settlement by following the coordinated development of human settlement and economy.Renovation strategies on the basis of maintaining original favorable human settlement were discussed from the perspectives of space ecology,dwelling environment,facilities and humanistic environment,so as to provide new concepts for the sustainable development of urban traditional residential districts and the construction of favorable human settlement.

Construction of three-dimensional atlas of the lenticular nuclei and its subnucleus based on the cryosection images from Chinese visible human:a preliminary study

Objective To establish a 3D atlas of the lenticular nuclei and its subnucleus with the cryosection images of the male from "Atlas of Chinese Visible Human". Methods The lenticular nuclei and its subnucleus were segmented from the cryosection images and reconstructed with the software

Rural Domestic Sewage Treatment Model: Case Study Based on Dongying Section of the Yellow River Basin

The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed to promote the improvement of urban and rural living environment and build livable and workable villages and beautiful villages. The development and challenges of rural domestic sewage treatment coexist. Based on the field investigation of 15 administrative villages in 3 districts and counties of Dongying City, there is a big gap between the development status of rural domestic sewage treatment and expectations. Investigate rural domestic sewage treatment cases in-depth, and condense four modes of primitive, developmental, mature and advanced in a variety of different rural domestic sewage treatment models for discussion, among which, the village sewage treatment work under the mature mode has achieved remarkable results, and is at the forefront of the current rural domestic sewage treatment. Through the multi-case analysis method, the practical dilemma of sewage treatment in different models of villages is summarized, and the feasible improvement path is explored, which contributes to the ecological protection and high-quality development of Dongying and the Yellow River Basin.

The default mode network is affected in the early stage of simian immunodeficiency virus infection:a longitudinal study

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome infection can lead to cognitive dysfunction represented by changes in the default mode network.Most recent studies have been cross-sectional and thus have not revealed dynamic changes in the default mode network following acquired immune deficiency syndrome infection and antiretroviral therapy.Specifically,when brain imaging data at only one time point are analyzed,determining the duration at which the default mode network is the most effective following antiretroviral therapy after the occurrence of acquired immune deficiency syndrome.However,because infection times and other factors are often uncertain,longitudinal studies cannot be conducted directly in the clinic.Therefore,in this study,we performed a longitudinal study on the dynamic changes in the default mode network over time in a rhesus monkey model of simian immunodeficiency virus infection.We found marked changes in default mode network connectivity in 11 pairs of regions of interest at baseline and 10 days and 4 weeks after virus inoculation.Significant interactions between treatment and time were observed in the default mode network connectivity of regions of interest pairs area 31/V6.R and area 8/frontal eye field(FEF).L,area 8/FEF.L and caudal temporal parietal occipital area(TPOC).R,and area 31/V6.R and TPOC.L.ART administered 4 weeks after infection not only interrupted the progress of simian immunodeficiency virus infection but also preserved brain function to a large extent.These findings suggest that the default mode network is affected in the early stage of simian immunodeficiency virus infection and that it may serve as a potential biomarker for early changes in brain function and an objective indicator for making early clinical intervention decisions.