This study examines the benefits of incorporating passive techniques into multilayer hollow clay brick walls to improve their dynamic thermal performance.The finite element approach was used to solve the incompressibl...This study examines the benefits of incorporating passive techniques into multilayer hollow clay brick walls to improve their dynamic thermal performance.The finite element approach was used to solve the incompressible Navier-Stokes and energy equations to analyze the dynamic thermal response of walls exposed to real thermal excitations of the Marrakesh climate.The results show that increasing the emissivity from 0.1 to 0.9 significantly increases the total heat load over 24 h.Furthermore,filling 100% of the cavities with insulation materials delayed the temperature peak by about 2.3 h and lowered the decrement factor by roughly 43%,with a value smaller than 0.07.In addition,it is demonstrated that the total thermal load is reduced by approximately 28% for improved wall configurations(100% insulation filling cavities)compared to traditional wall configurations(100% air filling cavities),which aids in improving building energy efficiency.展开更多
The use of the sand concrete makes it possible to carry out a concrete having physico-mechanical properties answering the structural exigences and having economic and environmental advantages compared to the classical...The use of the sand concrete makes it possible to carry out a concrete having physico-mechanical properties answering the structural exigences and having economic and environmental advantages compared to the classical concrete. The present study aims to connecting the parameters of a formulation based on an empirical formula of Caquot in order to optimize, on the one hand the couple compressive strength/absorption of water under various degrees of hygrometry, and on the other hand more precisely to use the concrete sand in the public works sector in the prefabrication of prestressed beams and hollow bricks. The results show the importance of the type of formulation used because it takes into account the percentages of fillers of sand which is a co-product (waste) of massive rock crushing. In addition, the use of fillerized sands, which are wastes of crushing basaltic rocks and containing a small percentage of fillers, is efficient in the manufacture of prestressed beams. As for the hollow bricks, a fillerized basalt sand, containing a high percentage of filler, as well as a sand dune, gives satisfactory results.展开更多
A new technology for detecting a tiny residual core in the small inner cavity of complex castings is proposed. The residual core is identified by using image recognition technology. Tracer processing and image signal ...A new technology for detecting a tiny residual core in the small inner cavity of complex castings is proposed. The residual core is identified by using image recognition technology. Tracer processing and image signal processing are combined to enhance the image contrast. The relationships between the concentration of tracer, the size of the residual core, the wall thickness of the castings and the contrast were obtained. Based on the experimental data, the minimum detectable amount of residual core under different conditions was obtained. The results show that the minimum detectable amount decreases from 4.398 mg to 0.438 mg for the 1.0 mm wall thickness casting when the concentration of tracer increases from 0% to 20%. The signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) of the detection results increases by 27.010 by means of average filtering and linear point operation. The subtraction of image and image background was performed, and then the boundary extraction was carried out to obtain a clear and reliable result. The experimental results show that the non-traced residual core cannot be detected for a blade with a thickness less than 5 mm. The residual core of 1 mm thickness can be barely identified by artificial recognition after tracer processing and image processing, while the residual core of 0.6 mm thickness can be detected clearly using image recognition technology.展开更多
Osteosarcoma is a refractory bone disease in young people that needs the updating and development of effective treatment.Although nanotechnology is widely applied in cancer therapy,poor targeting and inadequate effi-c...Osteosarcoma is a refractory bone disease in young people that needs the updating and development of effective treatment.Although nanotechnology is widely applied in cancer therapy,poor targeting and inadequate effi-ciency hinder its development.In this study,we prepared alendronate(ALD)/K7M2 cell membranes-coated hollow manganese dioxide(HMnO_(2))nanoparticles as a nanocarrier to load Ginsenoside Rh2(Rh2)for Mag-netic Resonance imaging(MRI)-guided immuno-chemodynamic combination osteosarcoma therapy.Subse-quently,the ALD and K7M2 cell membranes were successively modified on the surface of HMnO_(2) and loaded with Rh2.The tumor microenvironment(TME)-activated Rh2@HMnO_(2)-AM nanoparticles have good bone tumor-targeting and tumor-homing capabilities,excellent GSH-sensitive drug release profile and MRI capability,and attractive immuno-chemodynamic combined therapeutic efficiency.The Rh2@HMnO_(2)-AM nanoparticles can effectively trigger immunogenic cell death(ICD),activate CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)T cells in vivo,and upregulate BAX,BCL-2 and Caspase-3 in cellular level.Further results revealed that Rh2@HMnO_(2)-AM enhanced the secretion of IL-6,IFN-γand TNF-αin serum and inhibited the generation of FOXP3^(+)T cells(Tregs)in tumors.Moreover,the Rh2@HMnO_(2)-AM treatment significant restricted tumor growth in-situ tumor-bearing mice.Therefore,Rh2@HMnO_(2)-AM may serve as an effective and bio-friendly nanoparticle platform combined with immuno-therapy and chemodynamic therapy to provide a novel approach to osteosarcoma therapy.展开更多
The development of efficient three-dimensional cell imaging technology is a necessary means to study cell composition and structure,especially to track and monitor the phagocytosis process of nanoparticles by cells.He...The development of efficient three-dimensional cell imaging technology is a necessary means to study cell composition and structure,especially to track and monitor the phagocytosis process of nanoparticles by cells.Herein,we prepared a MoO_(2)hollow nanosphere with a strong surface plasmon resonance effect in the visible light region,which exhibited an excellent surface enhanced Raman scattering effect.When the 4-mercaptobenzoic acid(4-MBA)molecules are modified,it can be efficiently used as Raman probe molecules to perform clear three-dimensional cell imaging.No matter when the nanoparticles are located inside the cell,outside the cell or partly inside the cell,they all can be clearly presented by this enhanced Raman probe molecule.These results provide a rapid and accurate method for three-dimensional imaging of cells,especially for tracking the phagocytosis of nanoparticles.展开更多
A novel water-soluble fluorescent amphiphile based on amino polyethylene glycol （PEG-NH2） substituted oligo- （p-phenyleneethynylene） （OPE） was designed and synthesized successfully. Taking anion OPE amphiphile a...A novel water-soluble fluorescent amphiphile based on amino polyethylene glycol （PEG-NH2） substituted oligo- （p-phenyleneethynylene） （OPE） was designed and synthesized successfully. Taking anion OPE amphiphile as a comparison, the photophysical features were investigated through ultraviolet absorption （UV） and photolumines- cence （PL） analyses. Due to the hydrophobic-hydrophilic property of the OPE conjugated molecule, self-assembled nanoparticles with the size ranging from 19.6 to 93.5 nm along with the change of morphology from ＂grain＂ to ＂strawberry＂ were conveniently prepared via adjusting concentrations of OPE aqueous solution. Interestingly, after aging for a period of time, homogeneous hollow nanospheres were spontaneously constructed with a diameter of about 200 rim. Cytotoxieity test and cellular uptake behavior of the nanoparticles were further investigated to evalu- ate their potential biomedical applications. Subsequently, the promising applications of two-photon cell imaging were explored using human pancreatic cancer cells （PANC-I cells）, which indicated that the nanoparticles were mainly located within the cell cytoplasm.展开更多
文摘This study examines the benefits of incorporating passive techniques into multilayer hollow clay brick walls to improve their dynamic thermal performance.The finite element approach was used to solve the incompressible Navier-Stokes and energy equations to analyze the dynamic thermal response of walls exposed to real thermal excitations of the Marrakesh climate.The results show that increasing the emissivity from 0.1 to 0.9 significantly increases the total heat load over 24 h.Furthermore,filling 100% of the cavities with insulation materials delayed the temperature peak by about 2.3 h and lowered the decrement factor by roughly 43%,with a value smaller than 0.07.In addition,it is demonstrated that the total thermal load is reduced by approximately 28% for improved wall configurations(100% insulation filling cavities)compared to traditional wall configurations(100% air filling cavities),which aids in improving building energy efficiency.
文摘The use of the sand concrete makes it possible to carry out a concrete having physico-mechanical properties answering the structural exigences and having economic and environmental advantages compared to the classical concrete. The present study aims to connecting the parameters of a formulation based on an empirical formula of Caquot in order to optimize, on the one hand the couple compressive strength/absorption of water under various degrees of hygrometry, and on the other hand more precisely to use the concrete sand in the public works sector in the prefabrication of prestressed beams and hollow bricks. The results show the importance of the type of formulation used because it takes into account the percentages of fillers of sand which is a co-product (waste) of massive rock crushing. In addition, the use of fillerized sands, which are wastes of crushing basaltic rocks and containing a small percentage of fillers, is efficient in the manufacture of prestressed beams. As for the hollow bricks, a fillerized basalt sand, containing a high percentage of filler, as well as a sand dune, gives satisfactory results.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51475120)Major Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U1537201)
文摘A new technology for detecting a tiny residual core in the small inner cavity of complex castings is proposed. The residual core is identified by using image recognition technology. Tracer processing and image signal processing are combined to enhance the image contrast. The relationships between the concentration of tracer, the size of the residual core, the wall thickness of the castings and the contrast were obtained. Based on the experimental data, the minimum detectable amount of residual core under different conditions was obtained. The results show that the minimum detectable amount decreases from 4.398 mg to 0.438 mg for the 1.0 mm wall thickness casting when the concentration of tracer increases from 0% to 20%. The signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) of the detection results increases by 27.010 by means of average filtering and linear point operation. The subtraction of image and image background was performed, and then the boundary extraction was carried out to obtain a clear and reliable result. The experimental results show that the non-traced residual core cannot be detected for a blade with a thickness less than 5 mm. The residual core of 1 mm thickness can be barely identified by artificial recognition after tracer processing and image processing, while the residual core of 0.6 mm thickness can be detected clearly using image recognition technology.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31771048,32071350)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2232018A3-07,2232019A3-06)International Cooperation Fund of the Science and Technology Com-mission of Shanghai Municipality(19440741600).
文摘Osteosarcoma is a refractory bone disease in young people that needs the updating and development of effective treatment.Although nanotechnology is widely applied in cancer therapy,poor targeting and inadequate effi-ciency hinder its development.In this study,we prepared alendronate(ALD)/K7M2 cell membranes-coated hollow manganese dioxide(HMnO_(2))nanoparticles as a nanocarrier to load Ginsenoside Rh2(Rh2)for Mag-netic Resonance imaging(MRI)-guided immuno-chemodynamic combination osteosarcoma therapy.Subse-quently,the ALD and K7M2 cell membranes were successively modified on the surface of HMnO_(2) and loaded with Rh2.The tumor microenvironment(TME)-activated Rh2@HMnO_(2)-AM nanoparticles have good bone tumor-targeting and tumor-homing capabilities,excellent GSH-sensitive drug release profile and MRI capability,and attractive immuno-chemodynamic combined therapeutic efficiency.The Rh2@HMnO_(2)-AM nanoparticles can effectively trigger immunogenic cell death(ICD),activate CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)T cells in vivo,and upregulate BAX,BCL-2 and Caspase-3 in cellular level.Further results revealed that Rh2@HMnO_(2)-AM enhanced the secretion of IL-6,IFN-γand TNF-αin serum and inhibited the generation of FOXP3^(+)T cells(Tregs)in tumors.Moreover,the Rh2@HMnO_(2)-AM treatment significant restricted tumor growth in-situ tumor-bearing mice.Therefore,Rh2@HMnO_(2)-AM may serve as an effective and bio-friendly nanoparticle platform combined with immuno-therapy and chemodynamic therapy to provide a novel approach to osteosarcoma therapy.
基金This work received financial support from the Science Foundation of Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine(No.2017JK045)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2017YFF0210003).
文摘The development of efficient three-dimensional cell imaging technology is a necessary means to study cell composition and structure,especially to track and monitor the phagocytosis process of nanoparticles by cells.Herein,we prepared a MoO_(2)hollow nanosphere with a strong surface plasmon resonance effect in the visible light region,which exhibited an excellent surface enhanced Raman scattering effect.When the 4-mercaptobenzoic acid(4-MBA)molecules are modified,it can be efficiently used as Raman probe molecules to perform clear three-dimensional cell imaging.No matter when the nanoparticles are located inside the cell,outside the cell or partly inside the cell,they all can be clearly presented by this enhanced Raman probe molecule.These results provide a rapid and accurate method for three-dimensional imaging of cells,especially for tracking the phagocytosis of nanoparticles.
文摘A novel water-soluble fluorescent amphiphile based on amino polyethylene glycol （PEG-NH2） substituted oligo- （p-phenyleneethynylene） （OPE） was designed and synthesized successfully. Taking anion OPE amphiphile as a comparison, the photophysical features were investigated through ultraviolet absorption （UV） and photolumines- cence （PL） analyses. Due to the hydrophobic-hydrophilic property of the OPE conjugated molecule, self-assembled nanoparticles with the size ranging from 19.6 to 93.5 nm along with the change of morphology from ＂grain＂ to ＂strawberry＂ were conveniently prepared via adjusting concentrations of OPE aqueous solution. Interestingly, after aging for a period of time, homogeneous hollow nanospheres were spontaneously constructed with a diameter of about 200 rim. Cytotoxieity test and cellular uptake behavior of the nanoparticles were further investigated to evalu- ate their potential biomedical applications. Subsequently, the promising applications of two-photon cell imaging were explored using human pancreatic cancer cells （PANC-I cells）, which indicated that the nanoparticles were mainly located within the cell cytoplasm.
