Associations between residence and cognitive function among Chinese older adults: the mediating role of leisure activity

Background:Cognitive function is a current research hotspot,residence may be related to differences in cognitive function,and the mediating role of leisure activities are limited in Chinese research.This study used leisure activities as a mediating variable to investigate the mediating role of leisure activity between place of residence(city-town-rural)and cognitive function among Chinese older,this is where the innovation of the article comes in.Methods:Using cross-sectional data from the 2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey,Pearson correlation analyses were employed to examine the relationships among various indicators.Mediation analyses were conducted using the SPSS PROCESS macro program,version 3.5,written by Hayes,to explore the mediating effects of leisure activity between place of residence and cognitive function in older adults.Results:A total of 10955 older adults were included in this study,with a mean age of(84.23±11.57)years.Among them,2739(24.8%)lived in the city,3627(33.1%)in town,and 4615(42.1%)in rural areas;their leisure activity score was(5.34±3.77),and their cognitive function score was(24.69±6.65).Place of residence,leisure activities,and cognitive function were significantly correlated(P<0.01).Using city as a reference,place of residence is negatively associated with cognitive function,and place of residence not only had a direct effect on cognitive function in older adults:town-cognitive function(effect=–0.399;95%confidence interval(CI)=(–0.685,–0.113));rural-cognitive function(effect=–0.42;95%CI=(–0.698,–0.141)).There were also indirect effects on cognitive function through the pathway of leisure activity:town-leisure activity-cognitive function(effect=–0.17;95%CI=(–0.246,–0.1)),rural-leisure activity-cognitive function(effect=–0.199;95%CI=(–0.272,–0.13)).Conclusion:Leisure activities play a partially mediating role between the impact of place of residence and cognitive function in Chinese older adults,and it is vital to pay attention to the impact of place of residence on the cognitive function of older adults in various aspects,and to increase the participation rate of older adults in leisure activities,which is beneficial to the prevention of cognitive decline and the protection of older adult’s physical and mental health.

An Overview of Government-Market Relationships:Evolving Perceptions,Role of the Market,and Government Functions

Building a high-level socialist market economy is conducive to giving full play to the market’s decisive role in resource allocations and bringing the government into better play.Correctly handling the market and the government relationships has been a central issue in China’s economic structural reform.Giving a comprehensive review and summary of the research findings achieved by the theoretical and academic circles in China,we generalize the evolution and working mechanisms of China’s socialist market economy system,following the developing trajectory and logic of relevant literature,focusing on the three aspects of evolving perceptions,the role of the market,and the functions of the government.Based on our literature overview,we also induced and extracted the basic conclusions and evolutionary features of relevant research and made suggestions for the future direction of theoretical research regarding China’s socialist market economy.

Evaluation of the Effects of Cypermethrin on Female Reproductive Function by Using Rabbit Model and of the Protective Role of Chinese Propolis

The prophylactic effects of Chinese propolis against cypermethrin toxicity were evaluated by performing ovary and uterus histopathology, as well as by characterizing ovarian function, embryos, and litters. Cypermethrin induced atypia in the ovary and uterus, and decreased the ovulation sites and the number of embryos. Cypermethrin-induced oxidative stress during pregnancy, decreased the parturition rate as well as the number and weight of offspring and increased the incidence of morphological malformations in the offspring. Administration of propolis to cypermethrin-treated animals mitigated cypermethrin-induced reproductive toxicity.

The Role and Function of British NGOs in International Cultural Exchanges

As the world’s first country to launch industrial revolution,the UK had once been at the peak of global power for a long term and exerted great inf luence on the shaping of modern

The Role and the Function of Japan Institute of Sports Sciences and National Training Center in Japan

Gold Medals in Summer Qlympics Measures A 1) Program to develop junior athletes to top level 2) National Training Center 3) National Coach Academy B 1) Sports medicine and sciences(JISS) 2) Anti-doping 3) To hold international

Role-Play and Its Functions in Oral English Teaching in Universities

Role-play is recommended as a useful method to solve the problem of oral English teaching. It's much more than a performance and it can be considered as a way to vary the kinds of spoken interaction that learners can experience in the classroom of universities. Through the use of role-play, oral English teaching becomes more interesting and attractive; university students can gain more oral English skills in the mini society atmosphere, and the accuracy and fluency of their oral English will be improved.

Roles and Functions of Tourism Destinations in Tourism Region of South Anhui:A Tourist Flow Network Perspective

Theoretic and practical significance has been highlighted in the research of the roles and functions of destinations,as destinations are restricted by the spatial structure based on tourist flow network from the perspective of relationship.This article conducted an empirical analysis for Tourism Region of South Anhui(TRSA) and revealed the necessity and feasibility of studying the roles and functions of destinations from tourist flow network's perspective.The automorphic equivalence analysis and centrality analysis were used to classify 16 destinations in TRSA into six role types:tourist flow distribution center,hub of tourist flows,passageway destination,common touring destination,attached touring destination,and nearly isolated destination.Some suggestions were given on suitable infrastructure construction and destinations service designs according to their functions in network.This destination role positioning was based on tourist flow network structure in integral and macroscopic way.It provided an important reference for the balanced and harmonious development of all the destinations of TRSA.In addition,this article verified the applicability of social network analysis on tourist flow research in local scale,and expanded this method to destination role and function positioning.

The Intermediary Roles of Public Health Nurses (PHNs) in Utilizing Communication Robots (CRs) in Community Health Care Practice

Robot technology is expected to reduce the burden of medical professionals, a concern in the super-aged society. The aim of this article is to determine the intermediary roles of Public Health Nurses (PHNs) in using Communication Robots (CRs) in Community Health care. It is necessary to consider who will manage, and how to draw lines of responsibility when a problem occurs when using robots in the future. Regarding the mediator or intermediary role of PHNs in the use of CRs, PHNs are expected to be cognizant of varieties of robots for use with persons of diverse ages and health levels, as well as of robot performances. As one of the community healthcare workers who service the elderly living in the community, the role of PHNs as mediators or intermediaries is to pay attention to ethical and moral issues while working with CRs to manage the health of the community. Lack of understanding of the intermediary role might create possible ethico-moral issues in the future. Therefore, it is critical for PHNs to understand their role as intermediaries. In doing so, it is expected that older people at home will be able to live peaceful lives, as well as be physically and mentally healthy.

Function and Role of China＇s Securities Market

The article discusses the determinant factor of the function of the securities market at first and then proposes that the basic factor is the inherent need of social economic operation and development process itself. In addition, the primary factor of mature securities market is perfect and integrated function of the securities market. Afterwards, the article analyses the static and dynamic function of the securities market. At last, it probes into the government role in the securities market briefly and proposes that China needs to carry out the essential change on government role, market function location, development goal and the mode of securities market if the function of China＇s securities market is to be exerted properly.

Gap formation around Ω_e/2 and generation of low-band whistler waves by Landau-resonant electrons in the magnetosphere: Predictions from dispersion theory

In this paper we show that two significant phenomena of magnetospheric chorus emission can be explained by the participation of beam-like electron structures,created by Landau-resonant interaction with growing oblique whistler waves.The first concerns the widely observed spectral gap near half the electron cyclotron frequency Ωe;the second is related to the observation of very obliquely propagating lower-band waves that cannot be directly generated by temperature anisotropy.Concerning the gap,kinetic dispersion theory reveals that interference of the beam-related cyclotron mode ω~Ωe-kVb with the conventional whistler mode leads to mode splitting and the appearance of a ’forbidden’ area in the ω-k space.Thereby the beam velocity appears as an essential parameter.It is directly related to the phase velocity of the most unstable whistler wave mode,which is close to VAe/2 for sufficiently hot electrons(VAe is the electron Alfven velocity).To clarify the second point,we show that Landau-resonant beams with Vb Vb<VAe/2,which arise in cold plasmas from unstable upper-band waves,are able to generate lower-band whistler mode waves at very oblique propagation(θ≥60°).Our studies demonstrate the important role of Landau-resonant electrons in nonlinear whistler wave generation in the magnetosphere.

Analysis and Investigation on the Core Competitiveness of Textile and Underwear Industry in the Mainland and Taiwan of China and Myanmar under the Global Value Chain

All the way in the “area”, “comprehensive economic partnership agreement” (RCEP), Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) free trade area, the main economic corridor construction under the background of success, the mainland and Taiwan of China and southeast Asia has established the important relations of cooperation, industries are beginning to consider labor costs, raw materials, using the regional to invest policy and market comparative advantage. This paper starts from the investigation of Topline’s core competitiveness in China and Myanmar, and focuses on the analysis of lingerie industry in China and Myanmar, and the analysis of women’s underwear industry from the perspective of global value chain (GVC). Through the data analysis of the questionnaire survey, this paper summarizes the problems existing in the current situation of the industry, uses the intermediary analysis to analyze the correlation between the two variables, reveals the role of the core competitiveness of enterprises, and uses the GVC theory to analyze the problems existing in the industry of enterprises and their causes. According to relevant theories, the optimization path of enterprise value chain is put forward.

基于“肾主骨”理论阐述肾功能对骨代谢调控的主导作用

基于“肾主骨”理论阐述肾功能对骨代谢调控的主导作用。从中西医等不同角度系统阐述肾功能对骨代谢调控所起的主导作用:在生理状态下,甲状旁腺激素(PTH)、成纤维细胞生长因子23(FGF23)及1,25二羟基维生素D参与了矿物质代谢平衡的调节,而肾在骨矿物质平衡的过程中扮演着重要角色;在病理状态下,肾功能异常也会导致慢性肾病-矿物质和骨异常(CKD-MBD)或肾性营养不良(ROD)的发生,引起骨矿盐代谢紊乱。进一步丰富“肾主骨”理论的深层次内涵。

心理资本在实习护生共情能力和人文关怀能力间的中介效应

目的探讨心理资本在共情能力与人文关怀能力间的中介效应。方法采用便利抽样法选取河北省高职院校实习护生753例,采用心理资本量表、人际反应指针量表、关怀能力量表进行问卷调查。结果实习护生的心理资本与人文关怀能力之间存在显著正相关关系(r=0.445,P<0.01),实习护生的共情能力与人文关怀能力之间存在显著正相关关系(r=0.672,P<0.01)。心理资本作为共情能力与人文关怀能力的中介变量,发挥部分中介作用,中介效应值为0.162,占总效应的22%。结论医药卫生类院校和实习医院可从提高实习护生的心理资本及共情能力入手,采取有效手段提高护生的人文关怀能力,持续提升护理队伍的服务质量及患者满意度。

锁相并网设备的独立激励-响应机制及基于幅频运动方程的设备特性表征方法

针对风电、光伏等电力电子并网设备对系统支撑能力评估问题,核心基础是正确认识设备根据有功/无功功率不平衡调节内电势幅值/频率的功能性角色(设备特性)。然而电力电子设备主流的锁相并网结构严重阻碍了对设备功能性角色的认知,特别是目前业界普遍基于锁相并网的具体连接结构,形成了设备内电势跟随电网电压或端电压变化的“跟网”角色认知,尚未认识到系统运行中设备所应具备的功能性角色。为此,首先通过深入认识隐藏在锁相并网结构下内电势响应取决于电流单独激励的电流控制独立激励-响应机制,澄清了锁相并网设备通过有功/无功功率不平衡独立调节内电势幅值/频率的功能性角色,进而提出基于有功/无功功率不平衡激励-内电势幅值/频率响应关系即幅频运动方程的设备特性表征方法,最后通过阐述锁相并网设备特性由功率激励-内电势响应关系表征的必然性,指出当前业界对锁相并网设备特性认知的局限。

师范类专业认证背景下教学论教师功能发挥研究

在师范类专业认证工作中,专家重视考察教学论教师在学科属性认知、教学方法培养、联系中小学等方面的作用。通过对陕西7所地方本科高校教学论教师队伍现状进行调查,发现存在职前缺乏中学实践锻炼、职中“三习”与基础教育脱节、职后缺乏职称晋升特殊支持政策等共性问题。在此基础上,就地方本科高校教学论教师发挥“教师之师”和“多元角色”之功能提出了对策建议。

初二学生数学逆商与数学学业成绩的关系研究——数学焦虑的中介作用

数学逆商与数学焦虑是影响学生数学学习的重要非智力因素,采用自编数学逆商量表、数学焦虑量表对初二学生进行调查,探讨数学逆商对学生数学学业成绩的影响及作用机制.结果表明:(1)初二学生的数学逆商处于中等偏上水平,数学焦虑程度一般,且男、女生在数学逆商、数学焦虑上均存在显著性差异;(2)数学逆商、数学学业成绩、数学焦虑两两相关.其中,数学逆商显著正向预测数学学业成绩,数学焦虑显著负向预测数学学业成绩、数学逆商;(3)数学焦虑在数学逆商和数学学业成绩之间起部分中介作用,中介效应对总效应的贡献率为34.43%.

ESG表现对财务风险影响的实证研究

基于2010—2021年A股上市公司的面板数据,采用计量经济方法就ESG表现对财务风险的影响进行实证研究。研究发现,ESG表现可显著降低企业财务风险,其中,内部控制和分析师的关注起完全中介作用,融资约束起到部分中介作用。另外,相比于国有企业,非国有企业的ESG表现对降低财务风险的效应更大。基于此,企业应促进ESG发展以更好降低财务风险。

女性强制隔离戒毒人员的锻炼态度、家庭功能与药物渴求的中介效应关系:基于I-PACE成瘾模型理论

目的:探究女性强制隔离戒毒人员家庭功能对药物渴求的影响,以及锻炼态度的中介效应。方法:采用锻炼态度量表、家庭功能量表(FAD)和强制用药量表(OCDUS)对172名河南省女子强制隔离戒毒所内的女性强制隔离戒毒人员进行调查。结果:①家庭功能与锻炼态度呈负相关(r=-0.257,P<0.01),家庭功能与药物渴求呈正相关(r=0.281,P<0.01);锻炼态度与药物渴求呈负相关(r=-0.277,P<0.01)。②在控制了年龄、婚姻状况、居住状况、过去使用毒品频率、过去每周运动习惯和戒毒次数人口统计学变量后,家庭功能可以独立正向预测强制用药(β=0.28,P<0.01)。并且角色和问题解决维度能够正向预测药物渴求(β=0.16~0.28,P<0.05)。③中介效应结果表明,家庭功能对药物渴求的总效应为0.661(0.08,1.66);直接效应为0.507(-0.01,1.47);间接效应为0.154(0.02,0.54)。结论:①女性强制隔离戒毒人员家庭功能对其药物渴求具有正向预测作用,其中问题解决维度对药物渴求影响最大,角色次之。②锻炼态度在女性强制隔离戒毒人员家庭功能对药物渴求的影响中具有中介作用。

噬菌体在食品发酵中的功能和作用研究进展

噬菌体是一类能特异性感染细菌、真菌等微生物的病毒的总称。传统发酵食品独特的制作工艺,造就了其复杂多样的微生物体系,因而是噬菌体理想的生存环境。噬菌体来源于食品原料或发酵环境,在食品发酵过程中可能会导致发酵失败,但也会对体系中微生物的群落演替、风味物质的产生以及腐败菌的抑制有积极影响。该文将从有害和有益方面对发酵食品中发现的噬菌体进行分析和论述,并对噬菌体的控制措施和检测方法进行全面的总结和归纳,为深入探究发酵食品中噬菌体群落结构和功能以及更好的控制发酵过程提供指导和参考。