Blade batteries are extensively used in electric vehicles,but unavoidable thermal runaway is an inherent threat to their safe use.This study experimentally investigated the mechanism underlying thermal runaway propaga...Blade batteries are extensively used in electric vehicles,but unavoidable thermal runaway is an inherent threat to their safe use.This study experimentally investigated the mechanism underlying thermal runaway propagation within a blade battery by using a nail to trigger thermal runaway and thermocouples to track its propagation inside a cell.The results showed that the internal thermal runaway could propagate for up to 272 s,which is comparable to that of a traditional battery module.The velocity of the thermal runaway propagation fluctuated between 1 and 8 mm s^(-1),depending on both the electrolyte content and high-temperature gas diffusion.In the early stages of thermal runaway,the electrolyte participated in the reaction,which intensified the thermal runaway and accelerated its propagation.As the battery temperature increased,the electrolyte evaporated,which attenuated the acceleration effect.Gas diffusion affected thermal runaway propagation through both heat transfer and mass transfer.The experimental results indicated that gas diffusion accelerated the velocity of thermal runaway propagation by 36.84%.We used a 1D mathematical model and confirmed that convective heat transfer induced by gas diffusion increased the velocity of thermal runaway propagation by 5.46%-17.06%.Finally,the temperature rate curve was analyzed,and a three-stage mechanism for internal thermal runaway propagation was proposed.In Stage I,convective heat transfer from electrolyte evaporation locally increased the temperature to 100℃.In Stage II,solid heat transfer locally increases the temperature to trigger thermal runaway.In StageⅢ,thermal runaway sharply increases the local temperature.The proposed mechanism sheds light on the internal thermal runaway propagation of blade batteries and offers valuable insights into safety considerations for future design.展开更多
BACKGROUND Endoscopic rubber band ligation(ERBL)is a nonsurgical technique for the treatment of symptomatic internal hemorrhoids but is limited by recurrence and post-procedural pain.AIM To evaluate satisfaction,long-...BACKGROUND Endoscopic rubber band ligation(ERBL)is a nonsurgical technique for the treatment of symptomatic internal hemorrhoids but is limited by recurrence and post-procedural pain.AIM To evaluate satisfaction,long-term recurrence,and post-procedural pain in managing internal hemorrhoids using a combination of polidocanol foam sclerotherapy and ERBL.METHODS This was a prospective,multicenter,randomized study.A total of 195 consecutive patients diagnosed with grade II-III internal hemorrhoids were enrolled from four tertiary hospitals and randomly divided into a cap-assisted endoscopic polidocanol foam sclerobanding(EFSB)or an ERBL group.All patients were followed-up for 12 months.Symptom-based severity and post-procedural pain were assessed using a hemorrhoid severity score(HSS)and a visual analog scale(VAS).Continuous variables were reported as medians and interquartile range.RESULTS One hundred and ninety-five patients were enrolled,with 98 in the EFSB group.HSS was lower in the EFSB group than in the ERBL group at 8 weeks[4.0(3.0-5.0)vs 5.0(4.0-6.0),P=0.003]and 12-month[2.0(1.0-3.0)vs 3.0(2.0-3.0),P<0.001]of follow-up.The prolapse recurrence rate was lower in the EFSB group at 12 months(11.2%vs 21.6%,P=0.038).Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that EFSB treatment[B=-0.915,95%confidence interval(CI):−1.301 to−0.530,P=0.001]and rubber band number(B=0.843,95%CI:0.595-1.092,P<0.001)were negatively and independently associated with the VAS score 24 hours post-procedure.The median VAS was lower in the EFSB group than in the ERBL[2.0(1.0-3.0)vs 3.0(2.0-4.0),P<0.001].CONCLUSION Cap-assisted EFSB provided long-term satisfaction and effective relief from the recurrence of prolapse and pain 24 hours post-procedure.展开更多
Point-of-care ultrasound(POCUS)of the internal jugular vein(IJV)offers a noninvasive means of estimating right atrial pressure(RAP),especially in cases where the inferior vena cava is inaccessible or unreliable due to...Point-of-care ultrasound(POCUS)of the internal jugular vein(IJV)offers a noninvasive means of estimating right atrial pressure(RAP),especially in cases where the inferior vena cava is inaccessible or unreliable due to conditions such as liver disease or abdominal surgery.While many clinicians are familiar with visually assessing jugular venous pressure through the internal jugular vein,this method lacks sensitivity.The utilization of POCUS significantly enhances the visualization of the vein,leading to a more accurate identification.It has been demonstrated that combining IJV POCUS with physical examination enhances the specificity of RAP estimation.This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the various sonographic techniques available for estimating RAP from the internal jugular vein,drawing upon existing data.展开更多
To promote the production and application of artificial aggregates,save natural sand resources and protect the ecological environment,we evaluated the feasibility of using spherical porous functional aggregates(SPFAs)...To promote the production and application of artificial aggregates,save natural sand resources and protect the ecological environment,we evaluated the feasibility of using spherical porous functional aggregates(SPFAs) formed by basalt saw mud under autoclave curing in ordinary structural concrete.In our work,two types of prewetted functional aggregates were taken as replacements for natural aggregates with different volume substitution rates(0%,5%,10%,15%,20%,25%,and 30%) in the preparation of ordinary structural concrete with water-to-binder ratios(W/B) of 0.48 and 0.33.The effects of the functional aggregate properties and content,W/B,and curing age on the fluidity,density,mechanical properties and autogenous shrinkage of ordinary concrete were analyzed.The experimental results showed that the density of concrete declined at a rate of not more than 5%,and the 28 d compressive strength could reach 31.0-68.2 MPa.Low W/B,long curing age and high-quality functional aggregates were conducive to enhancing the mechanical properties of SPFAs concrete.Through the rolling effects,SPFAs can optimize the particle gradation of aggregate systems and improve the fluidity of concrete,and the water stored inside SPFAs provides an internal curing effect,which prolongs the cement hydration process and considerably reduces the autogenous shrinkage of concrete.SPFAs exhibits high strength and high density,as well as being more cost-effective and ecological,and is expected to be widely employed in ordinary structural concrete.展开更多
LiNi_(x)Co_(y)Al_(z)O_(2)(NCA)cathode materials are drawing widespread attention,but the huge gap between the ideal and present cyclic stability still hinders their further commercial application,especially for the Ni...LiNi_(x)Co_(y)Al_(z)O_(2)(NCA)cathode materials are drawing widespread attention,but the huge gap between the ideal and present cyclic stability still hinders their further commercial application,especially for the Ni-rich LiNi_(x)Co_(y)Al_(z)O_(2)(x>0.8,x+y+z=1)cathode material,which is owing to the structural degradation and particles'intrinsic fracture.To tackle the problems,Li_(0.5)La_(2)Al_(0.5)O_(4)in situ coated and Mn compensating doped multilayer LiNi_(0.82)Co_(0.14)Al_(0.04)O_(2)was prepared.XRD refinement indicates that La-Mn co-modifying could realize appropriate Li/Ni disorder degree.Calculated results and in situ XRD patterns reveal that the LLAO coating layer could effectively restrain crack in secondary particles benefited from the suppressed internal strain.AFM further improves as NCA-LM2 has superior mechanical property.The SEM,TEM,XPS tests indicate that the cycled cathode with LLAO-Mn modification displays a more complete morphology and less side reaction with electrolyte.DEMS was used to further investigate cathode-electrolyte interface which was reflected by gas evolution.NCA-LM2 releases less CO_(2)than NCA-P indexing on a more stable surface.The modified material presents outstanding capacity retention of 96.2%after 100 cycles in the voltage range of 3.0-4.4 V at 1C,13%higher than that of the pristine and 80.8%at 1 C after 300 cycles.This excellent electrochemical performance could be attributed to the fact that the high chemically stable coating layer of Li_(0.5)La_(2)Al_(0.5)O_(4)(LLAO)could enhance the interface and the Mn doping layer could suppress the influence of the lattice mismatch and distortion.We believe that it can be a useful strategy for the modification of Ni-rich cathode material and other advanced functional material.展开更多
Transarterial radioembolization or selective internal radiation therapy(SIRT)has emerged as a minimally invasive approach for the treatment of tumors.This percutaneous technique involves the local,intra-arterial deliv...Transarterial radioembolization or selective internal radiation therapy(SIRT)has emerged as a minimally invasive approach for the treatment of tumors.This percutaneous technique involves the local,intra-arterial delivery of radioactive microspheres directly into the tumor.Historically employed as a palliative measure for liver malignancies,SIRT has gained traction over the past decade as a potential curative option,mirroring the increasing role of radiation segmentectomy.The latest update of the BCLC hepatocellular carcinoma guidelines recognizes SIRT as an effective treatment modality comparable to other local ablative methods,particularly well-suited for patients where surgical resection or ablation is not feasible.Radiation segmentectomy is a more selective approach,aiming to deliver high-dose radiation to one to three specific hepatic segments,while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissue.Future research efforts in radiation segmentectomy should prioritize optimizing radiation dosimetry and refining the technique for super-selective administration of radiospheres within the designated hepatic segments.展开更多
Batch-processing wet-etch reactors are the key equipment widely used in chip fabrication,and their performance is largely affected by the internal structure.This work develops a three-dimensional computational fluid d...Batch-processing wet-etch reactors are the key equipment widely used in chip fabrication,and their performance is largely affected by the internal structure.This work develops a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics(CFD)model considering heat generation of wet-etching reactions to investigate the fluid flow and heat transfer in the wet-etch reactor.The backflow is observed below and above the wafer region,as the flow resistance in this region is high.The temperature on the upper part of a wafer is higher due to the accumulation of reaction heat,and the average temperature of the side wafer is highest as its convective heat transfer is weakest.Narrowing the gap between wafer and reactor wall can force the etchant to flow in the wafer region and then facilitate the convective heat transfer,leading to better within-wafer and wafer-to-wafer etch uniformities.An inlet angle of 60°balances fluid by-pass and mechanical energy loss,and it yields the best temperature and etch uniformities.The batch with 25wafers has much wider flow channels and much lower flow resistance compared with that with 50wafers,and thus it shows better temperature and etch uniformities.These results and the CFD model should serve to guide the optimal design of batch-processing wet-etch reactors.展开更多
To quantify the relative contributions of Arctic sea ice and unforced atmospheric internal variability to the “warm Arctic, cold East Asia”(WACE) teleconnection, this study analyses three sets of large-ensemble simu...To quantify the relative contributions of Arctic sea ice and unforced atmospheric internal variability to the “warm Arctic, cold East Asia”(WACE) teleconnection, this study analyses three sets of large-ensemble simulations carried out by the Norwegian Earth System Model with a coupled atmosphere–land surface model, forced by seasonal sea ice conditions from preindustrial, present-day, and future periods. Each ensemble member within the same set uses the same forcing but with small perturbations to the atmospheric initial state. Hence, the difference between the present-day(or future) ensemble mean and the preindustrial ensemble mean provides the ice-loss-induced response, while the difference of the individual members within the present-day(or future) set is the effect of atmospheric internal variability. Results indicate that both present-day and future sea ice loss can force a negative phase of the Arctic Oscillation with a WACE pattern in winter. The magnitude of ice-induced Arctic warming is over four(ten) times larger than the ice-induced East Asian cooling in the present-day(future) experiment;the latter having a magnitude that is about 30% of the observed cooling. Sea ice loss contributes about 60%(80%) to the Arctic winter warming in the present-day(future) experiment. Atmospheric internal variability can also induce a WACE pattern with comparable magnitudes between the Arctic and East Asia. Ice-lossinduced East Asian cooling can easily be masked by atmospheric internal variability effects because random atmospheric internal variability may induce a larger magnitude warming. The observed WACE pattern occurs as a result of both Arctic sea ice loss and atmospheric internal variability, with the former dominating Arctic warming and the latter dominating East Asian cooling.展开更多
As a promising anode material for magnesium ion rechargeable batteries,magnesium metavanadate(MgV_(2)O_(6))has attracted considerable research interest in recent years.A MgV_(2)O_(6)sample was synthesized via a facile...As a promising anode material for magnesium ion rechargeable batteries,magnesium metavanadate(MgV_(2)O_(6))has attracted considerable research interest in recent years.A MgV_(2)O_(6)sample was synthesized via a facile solid-state reaction by multistep-firing stoichiometric mixtures of MgO and V2O5 powder under an air atmosphere.The solid-state phase transition fromα-MgV_(2)O_(6)toβ-MgV_(2)O_(6)occurred at 841 K and the enthalpy change was 4.37±0.04 kJ/mol.The endothermic effect at 1014 K and the enthalpy change was 26.54±0.26 kJ/mol,which is related to the incongruent melting ofβ-MgV_(2)O_(6).In situ XRD was performed to investigate phase transition of the as-prepared MgV_(2)O_(6)at high temperatures.The cell parameters obtained by Rietveld refinement indicated that it crystallizes in a monoclinic system with the C2/m space group,and the lattice parameters of a=9.280 A°,b=3.501 A°,c=6.731 A°,β=111.76°.The solid-state phase transition fromα-MgV_(2)O_(6)toβ-MgV_(2)O_(6)was further studied by thermal kinetics,indicating that this process is controlled first by a fibril-like mechanism and then by a spherulitic-type mechanism with an increasing heating rate.Additionally,the enthalpy change of MgV_(2)O_(6)at high temperatures was measured utilizing the drop calorimetry,heat capacity was calculated and given as:Cp=208.3+0.03583T-4809000T^(−2)(298-923 K)(J mol^(−1)K^(−1)),the high-temperature heat capacity can be used to calculate Gibbs free energy of MgV_(2)O_(6)at high temperatures.展开更多
This study measured the level of innovation achievement protection and the degree of internal structural upgrading of the productive service industry in 28 provinces of China from 2000 to 2022.Exploratory spatial anal...This study measured the level of innovation achievement protection and the degree of internal structural upgrading of the productive service industry in 28 provinces of China from 2000 to 2022.Exploratory spatial analysis methods were used to test the spatial correlation between the two variables,and the spatial impact of innovation achievement protection on the optimization of the internal structure of the productive service industry was examined at the national and sectoral levels.The results showed three main aspects of this system.(1)The agglomeration level of innovation achievement protection and internal structure optimization of the productive service industry between regions in China continued to increase during the sample period,and there was a clear similarity and synchronicity in the spatial evolution of the two variables.(2)The overall improvement in the protection level of innovative achievements is conducive to promoting the internal structural upgrading of China’s productive service industry.However,there are significant differences in the degree to which the protection of innovative achievements affects the internal structural upgrading of the productive service industry in the four major regions of the East,Central,Northeast,and West.The protection of innovative achievements in the East and Central regions significantly promotes the internal structural optimization of the productive service industry,while this effect is not significant in the western and northeastern regions.(3)The results of the robustness test indicate that the impact of internal structural upgrading of the productive service industry in the previous year on the level of innovation achievement protection is not significant.The interference from abnormal values of the internal structural upgrading of the productive service industry in various regions and the influence of municipalities directly under the central government on the regression results are not significant.After replacing the main variable,the coefficient of the innovation achievement protection level remained significantly positive.The conclusions of this study supplement and improve the theory of innovation achievement protection and industrial transformation and upgrading,providing decision-making support for improving the level of innovation achievement protection and promoting the internal structural upgrading of the productive service industries in China.展开更多
Accurately estimating the ocean subsurface salinity structure(OSSS)is crucial for understanding ocean dynamics and predicting climate variations.We present a convolutional neural network(CNN)model to estimate the OSSS...Accurately estimating the ocean subsurface salinity structure(OSSS)is crucial for understanding ocean dynamics and predicting climate variations.We present a convolutional neural network(CNN)model to estimate the OSSS in the Indian Ocean using satellite data and Argo observations.We evaluated the performance of the CNN model in terms of its vertical and spatial distribution,as well as seasonal variation of OSSS estimation.Results demonstrate that the CNN model accurately estimates the most significant salinity features in the Indian Ocean using sea surface data with no significant differences from Argo-derived OSSS.However,the estimation accuracy of the CNN model varies with depth,with the most challenging depth being approximately 70 m,corresponding to the halocline layer.Validations of the CNN model’s accuracy in estimating OSSS in the Indian Ocean are also conducted by comparing Argo observations and CNN model estimations along two selected sections and four selected boxes.The results show that the CNN model effectively captures the seasonal variability of salinity,demonstrating its high performance in salinity estimation using sea surface data.Our analysis reveals that sea surface salinity has the strongest correlation with OSSS in shallow layers,while sea surface height anomaly plays a more significant role in deeper layers.These preliminary results provide valuable insights into the feasibility of estimating OSSS using satellite observations and have implications for studying upper ocean dynamics using machine learning techniques.展开更多
In the original publication the third author name is published incorrectly as“Hayatdavoodi Masoud”.The correct author name should be read as“Masoud Hayatdavoodi”.The correct author name is available in this correc...In the original publication the third author name is published incorrectly as“Hayatdavoodi Masoud”.The correct author name should be read as“Masoud Hayatdavoodi”.The correct author name is available in this correction.展开更多
We derive the potential energy of gravity waves(GWs)in the upper troposphere and stratosphere at 45°S-45°N from December 2019 to November 2022 by using temperature profiles retrieved from the Constellation O...We derive the potential energy of gravity waves(GWs)in the upper troposphere and stratosphere at 45°S-45°N from December 2019 to November 2022 by using temperature profiles retrieved from the Constellation Observing System for Meteorology,Ionosphere,and Climate-2(COSMIC-2)satellite.Owing to the dense sampling of COSMIC-2,in addition to the strong peaks of gravity wave potential energy(GWPE)above the Andes and Tibetan Plateau,we found weak peaks above the Rocky,Atlas,Caucasus,and Tianshan Mountains.The land-sea contrast is responsible for the longitudinal variations of the GWPE in the lower and upper stratosphere.At 40°N/S,the peaks were mainly above the topographic regions during the winter.At 20°N/S,the peaks were a slight distance away from the topographic regions and might be the combined effect of nontopographic GWs and mountain waves.Near the Equator,the peaks were mainly above the regions with the lowest sea level altitude and may have resulted from convection.Our results indicate that even above the local regions with lower sea level altitudes compared with the Andes and Tibetan Plateau,the GWPE also exhibits fine structures in geographic distributions.We found that dissipation layers above the tropopause jet provide the body force to generate secondary waves in the upper stratosphere,especially during the winter months of each hemisphere and at latitudes of greater than 20°N/S.展开更多
This paper is concerned with a third order in time linear Moore-Gibson-Thompson equation which describes the acoustic velocity potential in ultrasound wave program.Influenced by the work of Kaltenbacher,Lasiecka and M...This paper is concerned with a third order in time linear Moore-Gibson-Thompson equation which describes the acoustic velocity potential in ultrasound wave program.Influenced by the work of Kaltenbacher,Lasiecka and Marchand(Control Cybernet.2011,40:971-988),we establish an observability inequality of the conservative problem,and then discuss the equivalence between the exponential stabilization of a dissipative system and the internal observational inequality of the corresponding conservative system.展开更多
The star-forming clumps in star-bursting dwarf galaxies provide valuable insights into understanding the evolution of dwarf galaxies.In this paper,we focus on five star-bursting dwarf galaxies featuring off-centered c...The star-forming clumps in star-bursting dwarf galaxies provide valuable insights into understanding the evolution of dwarf galaxies.In this paper,we focus on five star-bursting dwarf galaxies featuring off-centered clumps in the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory survey.Using the stellar population synthesis software Fitting Analysis using Differential evolution Optimization,we obtain the spatially resolved distribution of the star formation history,which allows us to construct the g-band images of the five galaxies at different ages.These images can help us to probe the evolution of the morphological structures of these galaxies.While images of a stellar population older than 1 Gyr are typically smooth,images of a stellar population younger than 1 Gyr reveal significant clumps,including multiple clumps which appear at different locations and even different ages.To study the evolutionary connections of these five galaxies to other dwarf galaxies before their star-forming clumps appear,we construct the images of the stellar populations older than three age nodes,and define them to be the images of the"host"galaxies.We find that the properties such as the central surface brightness and the effective radii of the hosts of the five galaxies are in between those of dwarf ellipticals(dEs)and dwarf irregulars(dIrrs),with two clearly more similar to dEs and one more similar to dIrrs.Among the five galaxies,8257-3704 is particularly interesting,as it shows a previous starburst event that is not quite visible from its gri image,but only visible from images of the stellar population at a few hundred million years.The star-forming clump associated with this event may have appeared at around 600 Myr ago and disappeared at around 40 Myr ago.展开更多
By analyzing the results of compliance minimization of thermoelastic structures,we observed that microstructures play an important role in this optimization problem.Then,we propose to use a multiple variable cutting(M...By analyzing the results of compliance minimization of thermoelastic structures,we observed that microstructures play an important role in this optimization problem.Then,we propose to use a multiple variable cutting(M-VCUT)level set-based model of microstructures to solve the concurrent two-scale topology optimization of thermoelastic structures.A microstructure is obtained by combining multiple virtual microstructures that are derived respectively from multiple microstructure prototypes,thus giving more diversity of microstructure and more flexibility in design optimization.The effective mechanical properties of microstructures are computed in an off-line phase by using the homogenization method,and then a mapping relationship between the design variables and the effective properties is established,which gives a data-driven model of microstructure.In the online phase,the data-driven model is used in the finite element analysis to improve the computational efficiency.The compliance minimization problem is considered,and the results of numerical examples prove that the proposed method is effective.展开更多
In this paper we present a new experimental observation using a conventional reflectometry technique,poloidal correlation reflectometry(PCR),in the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak(EAST).The turbulence sp...In this paper we present a new experimental observation using a conventional reflectometry technique,poloidal correlation reflectometry(PCR),in the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak(EAST).The turbulence spectrum detected by the PCR system exhibits an asymmetry and induced Doppler shift f_(D)during the internal kink mode(IKM)rotation phase.This Doppler shift f_(D)is the target measurement of Doppler reflectometry,but captured by conventional reflectometry.Results show that the Doppler shift f_(D)is modulated by the periodic changes in the effective angle between the probing wave and cutoff layer normal,but not by plasma turbulence.The fishbone mode and saturated long-lived mode are typical IKMs,and this modulation phenomenon is observed in both cases.Moreover,the value of the Doppler shift f_(D)is positively correlated with the amplitude of the IKM,even when the latter is small.However,the positive and negative frequency components of the Doppler shift f_(D)can be asymmetric,which is related to the plasma configuration.A simulated analysis is performed by ray tracing to verify these observations.These results establish a clear link between f_(D)and IKM rotation,and are helpful for studying the characteristics of IKM and related physical phenomena.展开更多
To understand the mechanical response pattern of the existing structure and ground due to the construction of metro tunnels underneath,the finite difference method is adopted to study the torsional deformation and str...To understand the mechanical response pattern of the existing structure and ground due to the construction of metro tunnels underneath,the finite difference method is adopted to study the torsional deformation and stress variation of the existing structure and the effect of underground carriageway structures on the surface subsidence.The curves of the maximum differential subsidence,torsion angle,and distortion of the cross-section of the existing structure show two peaks in succession during traversing of two metro tunnels beneath it.The torsion angle of the existing structure changes when the two tunnels traverse beneath it in opposite directions.The first traversing of the shield tunnel mainly induces the magnitude variation in torsional deformation of the existing structure,but the second traversing of the subsurface tunnel may cause a dynamic change in the magnitude and form of torsional deformation in the existing structure.The shielding effect can reduce the surface subsidence caused by metro tunnel excavation to a certain extent,and the development trend of subsidence becomes slower as the excavation continues.展开更多
BACKGROUND Urethral stricture is a condition that often develops with trauma and results in narrowing of the urethral lumen.Although endoscopic methods are mostly used in its treatment,it has high recurrence rates.The...BACKGROUND Urethral stricture is a condition that often develops with trauma and results in narrowing of the urethral lumen.Although endoscopic methods are mostly used in its treatment,it has high recurrence rates.Therefore,open urethroplasty is recommended after unsuccessful endoscopic treatments.AIM To investigate the risk factors associated with urethral stricture recurrence.METHODS The data of male patients who underwent internal urethrotomy for urethral stricture between January 2017 and January 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.Demographic data,comorbidities,preoperative haemogram,and biochemical values obtained from peripheral blood and operative data were recorded.Patients were divided into two groups in terms of recurrence development;recurrence and non-recurrence.Initially recorded data were compared between the two groups.RESULTS A total of 303 patients were included in the study.The mean age of the patients was 66.6±13.6 years.The mean duration of recurrence development was 9.63±9.84(min-max:1-39)months in the recurrence group.Recurrence did not occur in non-recurrence group throughout the follow-up period with an average time of 44.15±24.07(min-max:12-84)months.In the comparison of both groups,the presence of diabetes mellitus(DM),hypertension(HT),and multiple comorbidi-ties were significantly higher in the recurrence(+)group(P=0.038,P=0.012,P=0.013).Blood group,postoperative use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,preoperative cystostomy,cause of stricture,iatrogenic cause of stricture,location and length of stricture,indwelling urinary cathater size and day of catheter removal did not differ between the two groups.No statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of age,uroflowmetric maximum flow rate value,hemo-gram parameters,aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),fasting blood sugar,creati-nine,glomerular filtration rate,neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio,platelet-lymphocyte ratio,lymphocyte-monocyte ratio,monocyte-lymphocyte ratio and AST/ALT ratios.CONCLUSION In patients with urethral stricture recurrence,only the frequency of DM and HT was high,while inflammation marker levels and stricture-related parameters were similar between the groups.展开更多
Introduction: The setting up of camps for internally displaced persons in Burkina Faso as a result of terrorism creates favorable conditions for the emergence of digestive parasitosis in these displaced populations. T...Introduction: The setting up of camps for internally displaced persons in Burkina Faso as a result of terrorism creates favorable conditions for the emergence of digestive parasitosis in these displaced populations. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of digestive parasitosis in children of this population in the Hauts-Bassins region. Material and methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional study from November to December 2020, in which stool samples were collected from internally displaced children from the Sinfra reception site in Banzon and from Poya in Karangasso Vigué. The stool samples were stored at room temperature, protected from dust and insects, in a cooler and then sent to the laboratory of the CHUSS in Bobo-Dioulasso where the parasitological analyses were performed. Results: The mean age was 5.8 ± 2.4 years. The most represented age group was 5 to 10 years (75.31%). The sex ratio is 1.61. The overall prevalence of intestinal parasite infection was 53.09%. The prevalence was statistically higher among those who consumed well water than those consuming tap water (p = 0.01). Monoparasitism by protozoa and helminths represented 74.42% and 6.68% respectively. The polyparasitism rate was 9.31%. The species identified in monoparasite patients were protozoa with Entamoeba coli (37.21%), Giardia lamblia (25.58%), Endolimax nanus (6.98%) and Entamoeba histolytica/dispar (4.65%). Biparasitism was identified with combinations, such as E. coli + E. histolytica/dispar (11.63%). Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of digestive parasitosis among IDPs in the Sinfra and Poya reception site. Educational sessions on hand washing before meals, use of drinking water, etc. should emphasize preventive measures in these IDP camps.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program-Strategic Scientific and Technological Innovation Cooperation(Grant No.2022YFE0207900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51706117,52076121)。
文摘Blade batteries are extensively used in electric vehicles,but unavoidable thermal runaway is an inherent threat to their safe use.This study experimentally investigated the mechanism underlying thermal runaway propagation within a blade battery by using a nail to trigger thermal runaway and thermocouples to track its propagation inside a cell.The results showed that the internal thermal runaway could propagate for up to 272 s,which is comparable to that of a traditional battery module.The velocity of the thermal runaway propagation fluctuated between 1 and 8 mm s^(-1),depending on both the electrolyte content and high-temperature gas diffusion.In the early stages of thermal runaway,the electrolyte participated in the reaction,which intensified the thermal runaway and accelerated its propagation.As the battery temperature increased,the electrolyte evaporated,which attenuated the acceleration effect.Gas diffusion affected thermal runaway propagation through both heat transfer and mass transfer.The experimental results indicated that gas diffusion accelerated the velocity of thermal runaway propagation by 36.84%.We used a 1D mathematical model and confirmed that convective heat transfer induced by gas diffusion increased the velocity of thermal runaway propagation by 5.46%-17.06%.Finally,the temperature rate curve was analyzed,and a three-stage mechanism for internal thermal runaway propagation was proposed.In Stage I,convective heat transfer from electrolyte evaporation locally increased the temperature to 100℃.In Stage II,solid heat transfer locally increases the temperature to trigger thermal runaway.In StageⅢ,thermal runaway sharply increases the local temperature.The proposed mechanism sheds light on the internal thermal runaway propagation of blade batteries and offers valuable insights into safety considerations for future design.
基金Supported by the Hospital Funded Clinical Research of Xinhua Hospital,No.19XHCR16D.
文摘BACKGROUND Endoscopic rubber band ligation(ERBL)is a nonsurgical technique for the treatment of symptomatic internal hemorrhoids but is limited by recurrence and post-procedural pain.AIM To evaluate satisfaction,long-term recurrence,and post-procedural pain in managing internal hemorrhoids using a combination of polidocanol foam sclerotherapy and ERBL.METHODS This was a prospective,multicenter,randomized study.A total of 195 consecutive patients diagnosed with grade II-III internal hemorrhoids were enrolled from four tertiary hospitals and randomly divided into a cap-assisted endoscopic polidocanol foam sclerobanding(EFSB)or an ERBL group.All patients were followed-up for 12 months.Symptom-based severity and post-procedural pain were assessed using a hemorrhoid severity score(HSS)and a visual analog scale(VAS).Continuous variables were reported as medians and interquartile range.RESULTS One hundred and ninety-five patients were enrolled,with 98 in the EFSB group.HSS was lower in the EFSB group than in the ERBL group at 8 weeks[4.0(3.0-5.0)vs 5.0(4.0-6.0),P=0.003]and 12-month[2.0(1.0-3.0)vs 3.0(2.0-3.0),P<0.001]of follow-up.The prolapse recurrence rate was lower in the EFSB group at 12 months(11.2%vs 21.6%,P=0.038).Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that EFSB treatment[B=-0.915,95%confidence interval(CI):−1.301 to−0.530,P=0.001]and rubber band number(B=0.843,95%CI:0.595-1.092,P<0.001)were negatively and independently associated with the VAS score 24 hours post-procedure.The median VAS was lower in the EFSB group than in the ERBL[2.0(1.0-3.0)vs 3.0(2.0-4.0),P<0.001].CONCLUSION Cap-assisted EFSB provided long-term satisfaction and effective relief from the recurrence of prolapse and pain 24 hours post-procedure.
文摘Point-of-care ultrasound(POCUS)of the internal jugular vein(IJV)offers a noninvasive means of estimating right atrial pressure(RAP),especially in cases where the inferior vena cava is inaccessible or unreliable due to conditions such as liver disease or abdominal surgery.While many clinicians are familiar with visually assessing jugular venous pressure through the internal jugular vein,this method lacks sensitivity.The utilization of POCUS significantly enhances the visualization of the vein,leading to a more accurate identification.It has been demonstrated that combining IJV POCUS with physical examination enhances the specificity of RAP estimation.This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the various sonographic techniques available for estimating RAP from the internal jugular vein,drawing upon existing data.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52378213)the Technology Development Project(No.20201902977180010) of CABR Technology Co.,Ltd。
文摘To promote the production and application of artificial aggregates,save natural sand resources and protect the ecological environment,we evaluated the feasibility of using spherical porous functional aggregates(SPFAs) formed by basalt saw mud under autoclave curing in ordinary structural concrete.In our work,two types of prewetted functional aggregates were taken as replacements for natural aggregates with different volume substitution rates(0%,5%,10%,15%,20%,25%,and 30%) in the preparation of ordinary structural concrete with water-to-binder ratios(W/B) of 0.48 and 0.33.The effects of the functional aggregate properties and content,W/B,and curing age on the fluidity,density,mechanical properties and autogenous shrinkage of ordinary concrete were analyzed.The experimental results showed that the density of concrete declined at a rate of not more than 5%,and the 28 d compressive strength could reach 31.0-68.2 MPa.Low W/B,long curing age and high-quality functional aggregates were conducive to enhancing the mechanical properties of SPFAs concrete.Through the rolling effects,SPFAs can optimize the particle gradation of aggregate systems and improve the fluidity of concrete,and the water stored inside SPFAs provides an internal curing effect,which prolongs the cement hydration process and considerably reduces the autogenous shrinkage of concrete.SPFAs exhibits high strength and high density,as well as being more cost-effective and ecological,and is expected to be widely employed in ordinary structural concrete.
基金supported in part by the High Performance Computing Center of Central South Universitythe financial support from the Government of Chongzuo,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region(Fund No.FA2020011FA20210713)
文摘LiNi_(x)Co_(y)Al_(z)O_(2)(NCA)cathode materials are drawing widespread attention,but the huge gap between the ideal and present cyclic stability still hinders their further commercial application,especially for the Ni-rich LiNi_(x)Co_(y)Al_(z)O_(2)(x>0.8,x+y+z=1)cathode material,which is owing to the structural degradation and particles'intrinsic fracture.To tackle the problems,Li_(0.5)La_(2)Al_(0.5)O_(4)in situ coated and Mn compensating doped multilayer LiNi_(0.82)Co_(0.14)Al_(0.04)O_(2)was prepared.XRD refinement indicates that La-Mn co-modifying could realize appropriate Li/Ni disorder degree.Calculated results and in situ XRD patterns reveal that the LLAO coating layer could effectively restrain crack in secondary particles benefited from the suppressed internal strain.AFM further improves as NCA-LM2 has superior mechanical property.The SEM,TEM,XPS tests indicate that the cycled cathode with LLAO-Mn modification displays a more complete morphology and less side reaction with electrolyte.DEMS was used to further investigate cathode-electrolyte interface which was reflected by gas evolution.NCA-LM2 releases less CO_(2)than NCA-P indexing on a more stable surface.The modified material presents outstanding capacity retention of 96.2%after 100 cycles in the voltage range of 3.0-4.4 V at 1C,13%higher than that of the pristine and 80.8%at 1 C after 300 cycles.This excellent electrochemical performance could be attributed to the fact that the high chemically stable coating layer of Li_(0.5)La_(2)Al_(0.5)O_(4)(LLAO)could enhance the interface and the Mn doping layer could suppress the influence of the lattice mismatch and distortion.We believe that it can be a useful strategy for the modification of Ni-rich cathode material and other advanced functional material.
文摘Transarterial radioembolization or selective internal radiation therapy(SIRT)has emerged as a minimally invasive approach for the treatment of tumors.This percutaneous technique involves the local,intra-arterial delivery of radioactive microspheres directly into the tumor.Historically employed as a palliative measure for liver malignancies,SIRT has gained traction over the past decade as a potential curative option,mirroring the increasing role of radiation segmentectomy.The latest update of the BCLC hepatocellular carcinoma guidelines recognizes SIRT as an effective treatment modality comparable to other local ablative methods,particularly well-suited for patients where surgical resection or ablation is not feasible.Radiation segmentectomy is a more selective approach,aiming to deliver high-dose radiation to one to three specific hepatic segments,while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissue.Future research efforts in radiation segmentectomy should prioritize optimizing radiation dosimetry and refining the technique for super-selective administration of radiospheres within the designated hepatic segments.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22378115 and 22078090)the Shanghai Rising-Star Program(21QA1402000)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(21ZR1418100)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(JKA01231803)。
文摘Batch-processing wet-etch reactors are the key equipment widely used in chip fabrication,and their performance is largely affected by the internal structure.This work develops a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics(CFD)model considering heat generation of wet-etching reactions to investigate the fluid flow and heat transfer in the wet-etch reactor.The backflow is observed below and above the wafer region,as the flow resistance in this region is high.The temperature on the upper part of a wafer is higher due to the accumulation of reaction heat,and the average temperature of the side wafer is highest as its convective heat transfer is weakest.Narrowing the gap between wafer and reactor wall can force the etchant to flow in the wafer region and then facilitate the convective heat transfer,leading to better within-wafer and wafer-to-wafer etch uniformities.An inlet angle of 60°balances fluid by-pass and mechanical energy loss,and it yields the best temperature and etch uniformities.The batch with 25wafers has much wider flow channels and much lower flow resistance compared with that with 50wafers,and thus it shows better temperature and etch uniformities.These results and the CFD model should serve to guide the optimal design of batch-processing wet-etch reactors.
基金supported by the Chinese-Norwegian Collaboration Projects within Climate Systems jointly funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No.2022YFE0106800)the Research Council of Norway funded project MAPARC (Grant No.328943)+2 种基金the support from the Research Council of Norway funded project BASIC (Grant No.325440)the Horizon 2020 project APPLICATE (Grant No.727862)High-performance computing and storage resources were performed on resources provided by Sigma2 - the National Infrastructure for High-Performance Computing and Data Storage in Norway (through projects NS8121K,NN8121K,NN2345K,NS2345K,NS9560K,NS9252K,and NS9034K)。
文摘To quantify the relative contributions of Arctic sea ice and unforced atmospheric internal variability to the “warm Arctic, cold East Asia”(WACE) teleconnection, this study analyses three sets of large-ensemble simulations carried out by the Norwegian Earth System Model with a coupled atmosphere–land surface model, forced by seasonal sea ice conditions from preindustrial, present-day, and future periods. Each ensemble member within the same set uses the same forcing but with small perturbations to the atmospheric initial state. Hence, the difference between the present-day(or future) ensemble mean and the preindustrial ensemble mean provides the ice-loss-induced response, while the difference of the individual members within the present-day(or future) set is the effect of atmospheric internal variability. Results indicate that both present-day and future sea ice loss can force a negative phase of the Arctic Oscillation with a WACE pattern in winter. The magnitude of ice-induced Arctic warming is over four(ten) times larger than the ice-induced East Asian cooling in the present-day(future) experiment;the latter having a magnitude that is about 30% of the observed cooling. Sea ice loss contributes about 60%(80%) to the Arctic winter warming in the present-day(future) experiment. Atmospheric internal variability can also induce a WACE pattern with comparable magnitudes between the Arctic and East Asia. Ice-lossinduced East Asian cooling can easily be masked by atmospheric internal variability effects because random atmospheric internal variability may induce a larger magnitude warming. The observed WACE pattern occurs as a result of both Arctic sea ice loss and atmospheric internal variability, with the former dominating Arctic warming and the latter dominating East Asian cooling.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFC1900500)the Graduate Scientific Research and Innovation Foundation of Chongqing,China(Grant No.CYB20002).
文摘As a promising anode material for magnesium ion rechargeable batteries,magnesium metavanadate(MgV_(2)O_(6))has attracted considerable research interest in recent years.A MgV_(2)O_(6)sample was synthesized via a facile solid-state reaction by multistep-firing stoichiometric mixtures of MgO and V2O5 powder under an air atmosphere.The solid-state phase transition fromα-MgV_(2)O_(6)toβ-MgV_(2)O_(6)occurred at 841 K and the enthalpy change was 4.37±0.04 kJ/mol.The endothermic effect at 1014 K and the enthalpy change was 26.54±0.26 kJ/mol,which is related to the incongruent melting ofβ-MgV_(2)O_(6).In situ XRD was performed to investigate phase transition of the as-prepared MgV_(2)O_(6)at high temperatures.The cell parameters obtained by Rietveld refinement indicated that it crystallizes in a monoclinic system with the C2/m space group,and the lattice parameters of a=9.280 A°,b=3.501 A°,c=6.731 A°,β=111.76°.The solid-state phase transition fromα-MgV_(2)O_(6)toβ-MgV_(2)O_(6)was further studied by thermal kinetics,indicating that this process is controlled first by a fibril-like mechanism and then by a spherulitic-type mechanism with an increasing heating rate.Additionally,the enthalpy change of MgV_(2)O_(6)at high temperatures was measured utilizing the drop calorimetry,heat capacity was calculated and given as:Cp=208.3+0.03583T-4809000T^(−2)(298-923 K)(J mol^(−1)K^(−1)),the high-temperature heat capacity can be used to calculate Gibbs free energy of MgV_(2)O_(6)at high temperatures.
基金The National Social Science Foundation of China(23BJL091)。
文摘This study measured the level of innovation achievement protection and the degree of internal structural upgrading of the productive service industry in 28 provinces of China from 2000 to 2022.Exploratory spatial analysis methods were used to test the spatial correlation between the two variables,and the spatial impact of innovation achievement protection on the optimization of the internal structure of the productive service industry was examined at the national and sectoral levels.The results showed three main aspects of this system.(1)The agglomeration level of innovation achievement protection and internal structure optimization of the productive service industry between regions in China continued to increase during the sample period,and there was a clear similarity and synchronicity in the spatial evolution of the two variables.(2)The overall improvement in the protection level of innovative achievements is conducive to promoting the internal structural upgrading of China’s productive service industry.However,there are significant differences in the degree to which the protection of innovative achievements affects the internal structural upgrading of the productive service industry in the four major regions of the East,Central,Northeast,and West.The protection of innovative achievements in the East and Central regions significantly promotes the internal structural optimization of the productive service industry,while this effect is not significant in the western and northeastern regions.(3)The results of the robustness test indicate that the impact of internal structural upgrading of the productive service industry in the previous year on the level of innovation achievement protection is not significant.The interference from abnormal values of the internal structural upgrading of the productive service industry in various regions and the influence of municipalities directly under the central government on the regression results are not significant.After replacing the main variable,the coefficient of the innovation achievement protection level remained significantly positive.The conclusions of this study supplement and improve the theory of innovation achievement protection and industrial transformation and upgrading,providing decision-making support for improving the level of innovation achievement protection and promoting the internal structural upgrading of the productive service industries in China.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFF0801400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42176010)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(No.ZR2021MD022)。
文摘Accurately estimating the ocean subsurface salinity structure(OSSS)is crucial for understanding ocean dynamics and predicting climate variations.We present a convolutional neural network(CNN)model to estimate the OSSS in the Indian Ocean using satellite data and Argo observations.We evaluated the performance of the CNN model in terms of its vertical and spatial distribution,as well as seasonal variation of OSSS estimation.Results demonstrate that the CNN model accurately estimates the most significant salinity features in the Indian Ocean using sea surface data with no significant differences from Argo-derived OSSS.However,the estimation accuracy of the CNN model varies with depth,with the most challenging depth being approximately 70 m,corresponding to the halocline layer.Validations of the CNN model’s accuracy in estimating OSSS in the Indian Ocean are also conducted by comparing Argo observations and CNN model estimations along two selected sections and four selected boxes.The results show that the CNN model effectively captures the seasonal variability of salinity,demonstrating its high performance in salinity estimation using sea surface data.Our analysis reveals that sea surface salinity has the strongest correlation with OSSS in shallow layers,while sea surface height anomaly plays a more significant role in deeper layers.These preliminary results provide valuable insights into the feasibility of estimating OSSS using satellite observations and have implications for studying upper ocean dynamics using machine learning techniques.
文摘In the original publication the third author name is published incorrectly as“Hayatdavoodi Masoud”.The correct author name should be read as“Masoud Hayatdavoodi”.The correct author name is available in this correction.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41831073,42174196,and 42374205)the Project of Stable Support for Youth Team in Basic Research Field,Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS+4 种基金Grant No.YSBR-018)the Informatization Plan of CAS(Grant No.CAS-WX2021PY-0101)the Youth Cross Team Scientific Research project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.JCTD-2021-10)the Open Research Project of Large Research Infrastructures of CAS titled“Study on the Interaction Between Low-/Mid-Latitude Atmosphere and Ionosphere Based on the Chinese Meridian Project.”This work was also supported in part by the Specialized Research Fund and the Open Research Program of the State Key Laboratory of Space Weather.
文摘We derive the potential energy of gravity waves(GWs)in the upper troposphere and stratosphere at 45°S-45°N from December 2019 to November 2022 by using temperature profiles retrieved from the Constellation Observing System for Meteorology,Ionosphere,and Climate-2(COSMIC-2)satellite.Owing to the dense sampling of COSMIC-2,in addition to the strong peaks of gravity wave potential energy(GWPE)above the Andes and Tibetan Plateau,we found weak peaks above the Rocky,Atlas,Caucasus,and Tianshan Mountains.The land-sea contrast is responsible for the longitudinal variations of the GWPE in the lower and upper stratosphere.At 40°N/S,the peaks were mainly above the topographic regions during the winter.At 20°N/S,the peaks were a slight distance away from the topographic regions and might be the combined effect of nontopographic GWs and mountain waves.Near the Equator,the peaks were mainly above the regions with the lowest sea level altitude and may have resulted from convection.Our results indicate that even above the local regions with lower sea level altitudes compared with the Andes and Tibetan Plateau,the GWPE also exhibits fine structures in geographic distributions.We found that dissipation layers above the tropopause jet provide the body force to generate secondary waves in the upper stratosphere,especially during the winter months of each hemisphere and at latitudes of greater than 20°N/S.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11771216)the Key Research and Development Program of Jiangsu Province(Social Development)(BE2019725)the Qing Lan Project of Jiangsu Province。
文摘This paper is concerned with a third order in time linear Moore-Gibson-Thompson equation which describes the acoustic velocity potential in ultrasound wave program.Influenced by the work of Kaltenbacher,Lasiecka and Marchand(Control Cybernet.2011,40:971-988),we establish an observability inequality of the conservative problem,and then discuss the equivalence between the exponential stabilization of a dissipative system and the internal observational inequality of the corresponding conservative system.
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2019YFA0405501 and 2022YFF0503402)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,Nos.12233005 and 12041302)+6 种基金support from the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(Project Number:22ZR1473000)the Program of Shanghai Academic Research Leader(No.22XD1404200)supports from the CAS Pioneer Hundred Talents ProgramUSTC Research Funds of the Double First-Class Initiativethe NSFC grant 12273037the NSFC grants 12033004,12333003support from the NSFC through grants 12273091 and U2031139。
文摘The star-forming clumps in star-bursting dwarf galaxies provide valuable insights into understanding the evolution of dwarf galaxies.In this paper,we focus on five star-bursting dwarf galaxies featuring off-centered clumps in the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory survey.Using the stellar population synthesis software Fitting Analysis using Differential evolution Optimization,we obtain the spatially resolved distribution of the star formation history,which allows us to construct the g-band images of the five galaxies at different ages.These images can help us to probe the evolution of the morphological structures of these galaxies.While images of a stellar population older than 1 Gyr are typically smooth,images of a stellar population younger than 1 Gyr reveal significant clumps,including multiple clumps which appear at different locations and even different ages.To study the evolutionary connections of these five galaxies to other dwarf galaxies before their star-forming clumps appear,we construct the images of the stellar populations older than three age nodes,and define them to be the images of the"host"galaxies.We find that the properties such as the central surface brightness and the effective radii of the hosts of the five galaxies are in between those of dwarf ellipticals(dEs)and dwarf irregulars(dIrrs),with two clearly more similar to dEs and one more similar to dIrrs.Among the five galaxies,8257-3704 is particularly interesting,as it shows a previous starburst event that is not quite visible from its gri image,but only visible from images of the stellar population at a few hundred million years.The star-forming clump associated with this event may have appeared at around 600 Myr ago and disappeared at around 40 Myr ago.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12272144).
文摘By analyzing the results of compliance minimization of thermoelastic structures,we observed that microstructures play an important role in this optimization problem.Then,we propose to use a multiple variable cutting(M-VCUT)level set-based model of microstructures to solve the concurrent two-scale topology optimization of thermoelastic structures.A microstructure is obtained by combining multiple virtual microstructures that are derived respectively from multiple microstructure prototypes,thus giving more diversity of microstructure and more flexibility in design optimization.The effective mechanical properties of microstructures are computed in an off-line phase by using the homogenization method,and then a mapping relationship between the design variables and the effective properties is established,which gives a data-driven model of microstructure.In the online phase,the data-driven model is used in the finite element analysis to improve the computational efficiency.The compliance minimization problem is considered,and the results of numerical examples prove that the proposed method is effective.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2022YFE03050003,2022YFE03020004,2019YFE03080200 and 2022YFE03070004)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12275315,11875289,12175277 and 11975271)+3 种基金partly supported by the Youth Science and Technology Talents Support Program(2020)by Anhui Association for Science and Technology(No.RCTJ202009)the Science Foundation of Institute of Plasma Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.DSJJ2021-08)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2021M703256)the Director Funding of Hefei Institutes of Physical Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.YZJJ2022QN16)。
文摘In this paper we present a new experimental observation using a conventional reflectometry technique,poloidal correlation reflectometry(PCR),in the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak(EAST).The turbulence spectrum detected by the PCR system exhibits an asymmetry and induced Doppler shift f_(D)during the internal kink mode(IKM)rotation phase.This Doppler shift f_(D)is the target measurement of Doppler reflectometry,but captured by conventional reflectometry.Results show that the Doppler shift f_(D)is modulated by the periodic changes in the effective angle between the probing wave and cutoff layer normal,but not by plasma turbulence.The fishbone mode and saturated long-lived mode are typical IKMs,and this modulation phenomenon is observed in both cases.Moreover,the value of the Doppler shift f_(D)is positively correlated with the amplitude of the IKM,even when the latter is small.However,the positive and negative frequency components of the Doppler shift f_(D)can be asymmetric,which is related to the plasma configuration.A simulated analysis is performed by ray tracing to verify these observations.These results establish a clear link between f_(D)and IKM rotation,and are helpful for studying the characteristics of IKM and related physical phenomena.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:51878060,52078046。
文摘To understand the mechanical response pattern of the existing structure and ground due to the construction of metro tunnels underneath,the finite difference method is adopted to study the torsional deformation and stress variation of the existing structure and the effect of underground carriageway structures on the surface subsidence.The curves of the maximum differential subsidence,torsion angle,and distortion of the cross-section of the existing structure show two peaks in succession during traversing of two metro tunnels beneath it.The torsion angle of the existing structure changes when the two tunnels traverse beneath it in opposite directions.The first traversing of the shield tunnel mainly induces the magnitude variation in torsional deformation of the existing structure,but the second traversing of the subsurface tunnel may cause a dynamic change in the magnitude and form of torsional deformation in the existing structure.The shielding effect can reduce the surface subsidence caused by metro tunnel excavation to a certain extent,and the development trend of subsidence becomes slower as the excavation continues.
文摘BACKGROUND Urethral stricture is a condition that often develops with trauma and results in narrowing of the urethral lumen.Although endoscopic methods are mostly used in its treatment,it has high recurrence rates.Therefore,open urethroplasty is recommended after unsuccessful endoscopic treatments.AIM To investigate the risk factors associated with urethral stricture recurrence.METHODS The data of male patients who underwent internal urethrotomy for urethral stricture between January 2017 and January 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.Demographic data,comorbidities,preoperative haemogram,and biochemical values obtained from peripheral blood and operative data were recorded.Patients were divided into two groups in terms of recurrence development;recurrence and non-recurrence.Initially recorded data were compared between the two groups.RESULTS A total of 303 patients were included in the study.The mean age of the patients was 66.6±13.6 years.The mean duration of recurrence development was 9.63±9.84(min-max:1-39)months in the recurrence group.Recurrence did not occur in non-recurrence group throughout the follow-up period with an average time of 44.15±24.07(min-max:12-84)months.In the comparison of both groups,the presence of diabetes mellitus(DM),hypertension(HT),and multiple comorbidi-ties were significantly higher in the recurrence(+)group(P=0.038,P=0.012,P=0.013).Blood group,postoperative use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,preoperative cystostomy,cause of stricture,iatrogenic cause of stricture,location and length of stricture,indwelling urinary cathater size and day of catheter removal did not differ between the two groups.No statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of age,uroflowmetric maximum flow rate value,hemo-gram parameters,aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),fasting blood sugar,creati-nine,glomerular filtration rate,neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio,platelet-lymphocyte ratio,lymphocyte-monocyte ratio,monocyte-lymphocyte ratio and AST/ALT ratios.CONCLUSION In patients with urethral stricture recurrence,only the frequency of DM and HT was high,while inflammation marker levels and stricture-related parameters were similar between the groups.
文摘Introduction: The setting up of camps for internally displaced persons in Burkina Faso as a result of terrorism creates favorable conditions for the emergence of digestive parasitosis in these displaced populations. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of digestive parasitosis in children of this population in the Hauts-Bassins region. Material and methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional study from November to December 2020, in which stool samples were collected from internally displaced children from the Sinfra reception site in Banzon and from Poya in Karangasso Vigué. The stool samples were stored at room temperature, protected from dust and insects, in a cooler and then sent to the laboratory of the CHUSS in Bobo-Dioulasso where the parasitological analyses were performed. Results: The mean age was 5.8 ± 2.4 years. The most represented age group was 5 to 10 years (75.31%). The sex ratio is 1.61. The overall prevalence of intestinal parasite infection was 53.09%. The prevalence was statistically higher among those who consumed well water than those consuming tap water (p = 0.01). Monoparasitism by protozoa and helminths represented 74.42% and 6.68% respectively. The polyparasitism rate was 9.31%. The species identified in monoparasite patients were protozoa with Entamoeba coli (37.21%), Giardia lamblia (25.58%), Endolimax nanus (6.98%) and Entamoeba histolytica/dispar (4.65%). Biparasitism was identified with combinations, such as E. coli + E. histolytica/dispar (11.63%). Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of digestive parasitosis among IDPs in the Sinfra and Poya reception site. Educational sessions on hand washing before meals, use of drinking water, etc. should emphasize preventive measures in these IDP camps.