Present situation and the countermeasures of health human resources in Guangxi general hospitals at the county - level

[目的] 了解广西县级综合医院卫生人力资源状况,为进一步推进县级医院改革提供建设性意见. [方法]通过问卷调查法、数理统计法等综合分析广西县级综合医院卫生人力资源现状.[结果]广西县级综合 医院在岗人员在编率为41.56%,医护比为1： 1.68, 67.12%的卫生技术人员职称为初级及以下,超七成拥有 大专及以上学历.[结论]广西县级综合医院卫生技术人员在编率较低,医护比、职称及学历结构不合理,整 体年龄偏低,需通过综合措施加以改善.

A Multi-Level Evaluation of Policy Integration of Human Resource Development in Agriculture Sector

Human resource development assumes as a golden key for a knowledge-based economy and competitiveness. This study evaluates policy integration of human resource development (HRD) in agricultural sector within the context of multi-level governance (i.e., interdependence of administrative levels in decision making) and suggests means to enhance policy integration in Bangladesh. Conducting a critical review of major policy instruments, key informant interview and two case studies, this study concluded that HRD issue has fairly included and observed consistency (between the aim of HRD and policy) in all policies and strategies;majority of policy instruments have significantly addressed the significance of HRD and added plans for its development;reporting, monitoring and evaluation of policies and strategies are rather weak and there is no adequate flow of financial arrangement that is largely determined by the availability of government project. Based on the findings, the following means should be useful for improving HRD policy integration such as providing a handsome amount of development budget at the sub-district agricultural office, formulating coherent strategies to build effective cooperation, coordination and participation among stakeholders, initiating special capacity building programmes for rural women, young farmers and smallholders and mainstreaming HRD issue in governmental planning and programmes, and accordingly crafting policies and implementation.

Impacts of climate change and human activities on water resources in the Ebinur Lake Basin, Northwest China

Changing climatic conditions and extensive human activities have influenced the global water cycle.In recent years,significant changes in climate and land use have degraded the watershed ecosystem of the Ebinur Lake Basin in Xinjiang,Northwest China.In this paper,variations of runoff,temperature,precipitation,reference evapotranspiration,lake area,socio-economic water usage,groundwater level and water quality in the Ebinur Lake Basin from 1961 to 2015 were systematically analyzed by the Mann-Kendall test methods(M-K)mutation test,the cumulative levelling method,the climate-sensitive method and land-use change index.In addition,we evaluated the effects of human activities on land use change and water quality.The results reveal that there was a significant increase in temperature and precipitation from 1961 to 2015,despite a decrease in reference evapotranspiration.The Wenquan station was not significantly affected by human activities as it is situated at a higher altitude.Runoff at this station increased significantly with climate warming.In contrast,runoff at the Jinghe station was severely affected by numerous human activities.Runoff decreased without obvious fluctuations.The contributions of climate change to runoff variation at the Jinghe and Wenquan stations were 46.87%and 58.94%,respectively;and the contributions of human activities were 53.13%and 41.06%,respectively.Land-use patterns in the basin have changed significantly between 1990 and 2015:urban and rural constructed lands,saline-alkali land,bare land,cultivated land,and forest land have expanded,while areas under grassland,lake,ice/snow and river/channel have declined.Human activities have dramatically intensified land degradation and desertification.From 1961 to 2015,both the inflow into the Ebinur Lake and the area of the lake have declined year by year;groundwater levels have dropped significantly,and the water quality has deteriorated during the study period.In the oasis irrigation area below the runoff pass,human activities mainly influenced the utilization mode and quantity of water resources.Changes in the hydrology and quantity of water resources were driven primarily by the continuous expansion of cultivated land and oasis,as well as the growth of population and the construction of hydraulic engineering projects.After 2015,the effects of some ecological protection projects were observed.However,there was no obvious sign of ecological improvement in the basin,and some environmental problems continue to persist.On this basis,this study recommends that the expansion of oasis should be limited according to the carrying capacity of the local water bodies.Moreover,in order to ensure the ecological security of the basin,it is necessary to determine the optimal oasis area for sustainable development and improve the efficiency of water resources exploitation and utilization.

Multidisciplinary Design Optimization of A Human Occupied Vehicle Based on Bi-Level Integrated System Collaborative Optimization

The design of Human Occupied Vehicle （HOV） is a typical multidisciplinary problem, but heavily dependent on the experience of naval architects at present engineering design. In order to relieve the experience dependence and improve the design, a new Multidisciplinary Design Optimization （MDO） method ＂Bi-Level Integrated System Collaborative Optimization （BLISCO）＂ is applied to the conceptual design of an HOV, which consists of hull module, resistance module, energy module, structure module, weight module, and the stability module. This design problem is defined by 21 design variables and 23 constraints, and its objective is to maximize the ratio of payload to weight. The results show that the general performance of the HOV can be greatly improved by BLISCO.

Hebei Talents Development Strategy under the Background of Talents Integration in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region

As the development of productive forces, the most critical and most active factors in people is the fimdamental driving force of regional economic sustainable development and cooperation has a vital role in regional economic development Only speed up regional economic cooperation and enforce the integration of regional talent development, can the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region achieves rapid development, and become China＇ s third largest economic growth pole, following the Pearl River Delta and Yangtze River Delta. Based on reviewing the integration process of the integration of regional talent development in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebci region, this paper further analyze differences in the economic development status, the level of human capital, wage levels, employment status, and the development of educational science and technology among Hebei Province, Beijing and Tianjin, and concludes talent development strategy for Hebei Province replying the personnel integration of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei Province.

Identifying the Determinants for Attractiveness of Integrated Forms of Care from the Perspective of Health Care Professionals

Fostering integration between caregivers in the ambulatory sector involves transforming the institutional, organizational and technical flamework but also redesigning the work performed by health care professionals. Empirical research on the implementation of integrated care highlights professional engagement and commitment as a key success factor during the change process. Although a mismatch of motives during the integration process is often reported only a few studies have explored motivational aspects of health care integration. The aim of this study is to explore motivational factors for health care professionals in order to identify the determinants of attractiveness of integrated forms of care. An online-questionnaire was developed to identify the most important motivational factors for health care professionals and to reflect their perceptions on the attractiveness of interdisciplinary forms of care. The sample includes practicing physicians （general practitioners and specialists）, practicing nurses and non-physician professions （physiotherapists, midwives, speech therapists, occupational therapists）. Findings suggest that health care professionals are highly motivated by intrinsic motivators. Physicians turned out to be the most reluctant group towards integrated care models. Participating in integrated forms of care would challenge working independently which represents a strong motivator. The responses of nurses suggest that they are the most favorable group. Integrated care forms would be attractive offering more possibilities for social relationships, expanding responsibilities and challenging work. Results support the importance of health workforce engagement and participation in planning health care integration.

An Empirical Study on Project Management Maturity in Human Resources

The assessment of the Project Management Maturity （PMM） level shows the company how good it is at managing projects. This measurement can be performed in different domains of expertise. In the article, the issue of PMM in the human resources （HR） area is examined. The discussion is based on a world-wide empirical research project conducted in more than 400 companies. The study was mostly focused on the machinery industry as there is a dearth of research on project management topics in this branch of the economy. Therefore, by investigating the PMM level in the HR area, a picture of the state of project management in the machinery industry will be created. For the purposes of comparison, a study was conducted on the construction （CONS） and information technology （IT） industries which, in contradistinction, are very well recognized in the scientific literature related to project management issues. This approach will help to better contextualize and understand the results from the machinery industry. The PMM level measurement was done using the author＇s model which assesses maturity on a scale of one to five, where one is the lowest and five, the highest level of maturity. The results of the study revealed that there were differences among the industries in PMM levels and between Polish and foreign companies.

资源类型对绿色消费的影响:时间还是金钱更有效?

时间与金钱是两种重要的资源类型,人们在绿色消费的过程中不可避免地会受到这两种资源对认知思维和决策行为的影响。然而,目前对于资源类型影响绿色消费行为的具体机制仍不明确。本研究将时间与金钱引发的认知差异引入绿色消费,一方面,基于解释水平理论与人类价值观,分析了时间资源如何促进绿色消费,以及金钱资源如何抑制绿色消费。另一方面,分别从个体、企业以及产品层面出发,结合实验法探究时间与金钱资源影响绿色消费的边界条件,并引入情绪响应水平、环保自我担当以及感知产品有效性作为中介变量,构建资源类型影响绿色消费的理论模型。研究结论将有助于发挥时间与金钱资源在促进绿色消费过程中的积极作用,同时也为企业利用资源线索引导绿色消费提供了新的思路。

劳动力流动赋能城乡融合:理论机制与实证检验——基于安徽省6县1002个农户的问卷调查

城乡融合在构建新型城乡关系中发挥着基础性作用,劳动力流动则为城乡融合目标的实现提供了新的可能。安徽省作为传统的农业大省及全国农村劳动力转移大省,城乡融合问题是制约其经济发展的重要因素。因此,基于微观调研数据,探究安徽省劳动力流动对城乡融合发展的影响,并通过机制分析检验资源配置和人力资本在劳动力流动赋能城乡融合过程中的间接作用。研究发现:劳动力流动显著促进了城乡融合发展,这一结论在经过一系列严谨检验后依然成立;劳动力流动可以通过优化资源配置、聚集人力资本等路径有效推动城乡融合;劳动力流动对城乡融合发展的促进效应存在明显的区域异质性,尤其在对政策相对不完善地区的城乡融合促进上,其效应更为显著。基于此,为进一步全面深化改革、促进城乡融合发展、推进中国式现代化建设,提出应统筹资源配置、促进城乡产业融合,激发人才活力、增强城乡一体意识,完善市场规则、健全按要素分配制度,深化土地改革、推进新型城镇化建设,增强政策导向、规范劳动力有序流动等建议。

2021—2022年广东省中山市医疗机构新生儿病房建设状况研究

目的调查2021—2022年广东省中山市医疗机构新生儿病房现况,为进一步推动全市新生儿病房建设提供理论基础。方法选取中山市内年分娩量>100人次的27家助产机构(分娩量占全市的94.68%)为研究对象,通过广东省中山市妇幼健康信息平台、27家助产机构的门诊医师工作站+住院医师工作站+电子病历系统,采集2021年10月1日至2022年9月30日新生儿病房建设基本数据,并采取调查问卷的形式发放至各助产机构,由各新生儿病房负责人填写问卷获得补充数据,包括人员职称情况、机构转运量和设备数量。结果中山市27家助产机构Ⅲ级新生儿病房在三级医院设置率为100.0%,Ⅱ级新生儿病房在二级医院设置率为64.7%,Ⅰ级新生儿病房在一级医院设置率为50.0%,总体分布差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);27家助产机构年分娩量为41242人,年出院人数为12414人,年转运量为515人;医床比为0.41(151人/366张),护床比为0.90(329人/366张);床位数占年分娩量的8.87‰,转运量占年分娩量的1.25%;每床位数的婴儿保温箱、蓝光治疗仪、监护仪分别为0.86、0.54、1.04台;新生儿重症监护病房(neonatal intensive care unit,NICU)床位数72张,每NICU床位数的有创呼吸机为0.60台。结论目前,广东省中山市各级新生儿病房能力层级符合同等级医院综合水平发展要求,人力、床位、设备充足,但婴儿保温箱、有创呼吸机存量不足,建议逐步投入和改善,以满足新生儿病房的最新建设需求,更好地保障新生儿的健康水平。

夸美纽斯终身教育制度构想的当代影响及审思

夸美纽斯在他的《大教学论》和晚年出版的《人类改进通论·泛教论》中分两步完成的七级学制构想,为近现代学校教育提供了制度范本,也成为了之后发展现代终身教育的制度建设仿本。其所体现的合成式的“机械整体性”所招致的看不见的问题,将人们引入了“各阶段教育的加和就是终身教育”的认知误区中,深度制约着终身教育的突破与创新,使面向青少年的学校教育固化成为单一的主流模式以及其他各类教育地位不平等的问题至今难以解决。夸美纽斯终身教育制度构想的影响是多方面的,我们需要在理论突破与认知迭代中不断澄清理论误区,即突破机械整体性思维定势的制约,以生命整体性思维观反思当今的教育变革之路,推动我国终身教育的实质性发展。

公立医院多院区人力资源一体化管理的实践与思考

公立医院的多院区建设发展,大大增加了人力资源管理的难度。对此,各地积极探索多院区人力资源一体化管理,积累了不少经验:以需求预测为基础,进行人力资源一体化规划与储备;以组织架构为依托,进行人力资源一体化管理与调配;以“内培外引”为抓手,进行人力资源一体化开发与培养。在此基础上,后续还需做好需求预测、加强数字化建设、平衡“共性”与“个性”的关系等,进一步提升人力资源管理的精细化水平。

青岛大学附属妇女儿童医院多院区药事管理一体化模式的实践与成效探讨

目的:探讨多院区药事管理一体化管理方法,为提升医院药事管理质量提供参考。方法:以“多院区一体化”管理理念为指引,通过“总院垂直化、分院扁平化”管理策略,建立药师人力资源管理一体化、药学信息管理一体化、药事质量控制一体化的多院区一体化药事管理模式,包括制定《积分制管理办法》和《科研管理办法》,统一宣传平台和管理平台,建立标准化的药事质量管理体系。结果:通过实施药师人力资源一体化管理模式,优化了各院区人员结构,提升了药师队伍水平,有效配置了药师资源,并拓展了教研工作;通过实施药学信息一体化管理模式,提高了科室凝聚力和学科知名度以及管理效能;通过实施药事质量控制一体化管理模式,降低了抗菌药物使用率和次均药费,提升了药物不良反应监测水平。结论:从药师、药学信息、药事质控3个方面实施一体化管理,药师资源实现了最大化利用,各院区信息实现互通共享,各院区药事质量的均一性得到保障,有效促进了医院多院区同质化和一体化发展。

2010—2020年全国县(区)级疾控中心人力资源配置情况分析

目的了解2010—2020年我国县(区)级疾控中心人员变化情况,为加强我国县(区)级疾控中心人力资源建设提供参考依据。方法应用R 4.1.3软件进行数据清理与统计分析,运用描述性统计分析方法对人员数量、结构变化进行分析,运用基尼系数分析疾控中心人员公平性变化;采用Joinpoint回归模型进行时间趋势分析。结果2010—2020年我国县(区)级疾控中心在职、在编和专业技术人员数量增长率分别为9.04%、11.66%和15.90%,随年份的增长上述指标呈上升趋势(P<0.05);在编人员和专业技术人员占在职人员比例增长率分别为2.40%和6.29%。2010—2020年我国县(区)级疾控中心人员平均学历、职称分值随时间的变化有所上升;吉林省、黑龙江省和辽宁省平均工作年限随时间的变化有所上升。2010—2020年我国东部地区县(区)级疾控中心在职人员结构进入前10名的省份比例(8/11)高于西部地区(6/13)和中部地区(3/8)。2010—2020年我国县(区)级疾控中心在职人员按人口和GDP配置的基尼系数均小于0.3,呈现公平状态;从人口角度,西部地区县(区)级疾控中心在职人员的均衡性优化程度最高;从GDP角度看,中部地区县(区)级疾控中心在职人员的均衡性最差。结论2010—2020年我国县(区)级疾控中心人力资源数量提升、结构优化、分布较为均衡,但仍需改善需根据政策改善县(区)级疾控中心编制和聘用人员数量,结合辖区人口和GDP发展水平匹配专业技术人员,进一步优化县(区)级疾控中心人力资源的发展。

养老机构服务质量提升与以人为本的整合性照护--基于3个养老机构的实地调查

老龄人口的快速增长正在推动老年健康照护服务市场的发展,养老机构数量的不断增加反映了这一发展趋势。通过对东部地区一线城市D及西南地区县城Y共3个养老机构的实地调查发现,一方面,机构养老运行在为个人和家庭提供一个可利用的照护服务平台、有效弥补家庭照护资源不足的同时,还促进了家庭代际关系的理性化演变,影响着消费者与服务提供者之间权利关系的建构;另一方面,调查也发现现有养老机构普遍存在的问题,包括居住环境健康标准落实不到位和人文关怀的缺乏、人力资源专业化程度较低、工作人员置换频繁、适老技术和设备的应用没有得到应有的重视、现行成本控制和质量监督机制还有很大的合理化空间等。这些反映在养老机构运行中的微观问题对宏观层面的政策制定具有重要的参考价值。针对这些问题,未来的政策制定应特别关注养老机构健康相关方面标准的优化和执行,引导养老机构建设更好的人文环境,探索照护人力资源的合理规划和利用,在照护人力资源的培养方面更加关注职业教育质量的提升,鼓励适老技术产品的研发及其在照护领域中的应用,帮助养老机构建设以大数据为依据的成本控制和质量监督机制。此外,应进一步推动照护服务市场的法治化建设,引导照护机构之间的有序竞争;加大对农村老年人和低收入家庭的财政支持,以此提高照护服务的可得性和公平性。通过推动建设一个以人为本的整合性照护体系,让我国老年人晚年生活质量有所保障。

基于SOP的公立医院“一院多区”行政后勤职能部门定岗定编路径研究与实践思考

公立医院优质高效的行政后勤人力资源配置是医院高质量发展的关键环节,科学合理的定岗定编流程具有重要的实践意义。本研究通过梳理定岗定编方法与原则,结合工作实践,研究医院“一院多区”定岗定编标准操作规程(SOP),以期突破行政后勤部门人员管理的瓶颈,为公立医院后勤职能部门定岗定编的实际操作提供参考。通过近年来的操作实践,认为公立医院“一院多区”行政后勤职能部门定岗定编工作应建立标准化的操作流程,加强信息化建设,通过多院区联动,提升资源统筹与利用效率,实践中持续反馈与改进,从而动态提升管理水平,提升人力资源配置效率。

数字金融赋能城乡融合——基于金融资源配置的中介效应

基于2011-2021年中国30个省区市的面板数据,实证分析数字金融能否推动城市和乡村共同繁荣、融合发展,同时使用中介效应模型检验金融资源配置水平在数字金融推进城乡融合过程中的间接作用。研究结果表明:数字金融能够显著推动城乡融合发展。由异质性检验分析可知,数字金融推动城乡融合发展的效果在东部、中部、西部地区存在区域异质性。中介效应检验发现,提高金融资源配置水平是数字金融影响城乡融合发展的关键路径。因此,建议金融机构要积极顺应时代发展,实现自我改革。相关部门应推进数字设施基础化建设,制定金融资源转移政策。

数字经济时代NGIT驱动财务共享服务效率的提升机制

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