Theoretical Basis for Multiple Criteria Analysis of Variants and Selection of the Most Effective Technological Scheme for Hard Rock Surface Mining

The technological scheme of a hard rock surface mine is a multiple level production system of interdependently func-tioning elements. Selection of the optimum combination of its elements constitutes a complex multiple variant and criteria problem of decision making. In this paper describes the theoretical part of the method proposed for the quantitative analysis and selection of the most competent technological schemes, based on the mathematical formulations of the selection criteria of the element of each level as functions of the alternative variants of the elements of the level and its adjacent levels. It is realized in accordance to standard procedures of decision making in the formation of the economical mathematical model of the cumulative influence of levels and elements on the effectiveness of all alternative variants in their analysis and generation of a small subset of the most competent variants, which are subjected to further analysis using the criterion of reliability in the generation of the optimum technological scheme. The scientific challenge inherent in its realization constitutes a PhD research opportunity for those interested in the problems of optimization in hard rock surface mines.

The Challenges of Treating Acute Myocardial Infarction due to Variant Angina:Lesson from an Interesting Case

Coronary artery spasm can cause recurrent variant angina with ST-segment elevation.The patient was asymptomatic with normal vitals and ECG was normal.We present a case associated with transient ST-segment elevation and signifi-cant increase in troponin levels with non-critical lesion with normal CAG.

The Single Valley Character of Level Degree Function

Strict proof has been given to single valley character of level degree function by use of convex analysis theory, which provides reliable theoretical basis for the optimization of the data processing with respect to level degree. As circle degree and cylindrical degree have the same mathematical structures, their single valley character can be proved by the same method.

A Study on the Relationship Between Sequential Anomalies of Water Level Step-Variations in the Wanquan Well and Earthquakes

This paper studies the relationship between water level step-variation anomalies and regional seismic activity.The train of thinking is as follows:First,a series of water level step-variation anomalies are regarded as sequential step-variation anomalies; next,these sequential anomalies are divided into several sub-sequential anomalies according to the temporal density of step-variations in different segments of the sequence; then the generation and evolution processes of various sub-sequential anomalies are analyzed to find their relation with regional moderate-strong earthquake activities,and finally the various sub-sequential anomalies are synthesized as sequential anomalies so as to analyze their relation with the tendency of seismic activities.By the above method,this paper has analyzed the relationship between a series of water level step-variation anomalies at the Wanquan well since 1981 and several regional moderate-strong earthquake activities.According to the monthly frequency,amplitude and

Translation of Images in Seven-character Quatrains Based on the “Aesthetic Level of Translation”

Image is a term that mainly embodies in the composition of classical Chinese poetry(CCP). Effective translation of images is crucial to the grasp of original meanings in a poem. As aesthetic beauty is the primary concern in poetry,the conveyance of beauty in image has a direct impact in translation. To analyze translation strategies of imagery beauty,the theory of"translation levels"by Xu Jun is adopted as a criterion in comparing variant English versions of CCP in the aesthetic level. Images are selected from Seven-character quatrains typified for abundant sources of images,and features of images are put forward at the aesthetic level. Through the analysis,images are rendered by recreation of the sensuous and emotional beauty.

Differences Among Industrial Companies in Their Innovative Efforts and Competitiveness： On How Size, Technological Level and Subcontractor Character Matter

The aim of this research is to test to what extent do the classifying variables of company size, technological level and subcontractor nature moderate on the causal relationship between a finn＇s innovative capacities and its competitiveness. To this end, we use a random sample of 861 manufactttring f＇Lrms with 10 or more employees from the Basque Autonomous Community （in Spain）, accounting for 26.29% of the population. Maximum sampling error is 2.87% for a 95% confidence interval. We start from a competitiveness general model of the firm, and set out under the resource based view of the finn, which had been previously tested and validated by Martinez （2009） for the whole sample. The model is formed with the constructs of management capabilities, innovative capabilities, marketing capabilities, quality capabilities, current competitiveness and future competitiveness. From this point, we test a set of alternative hierarchical models both for the total sample and for different divisions in sub-samples, according to the intervals of size in number of employees, OECD technological levels and firms＇ subcontractor character. The innovative capabilities construct is reflected in the items of radical product innovation, incremental product innovation, innovation in the production process, innovation in marketing, management innovation and the efforts in company workers＇ training and development. From all these items, previous descriptive data analysis showed that although product radical innovation was the most representative capability for superior innovativeness, it was at the same time the least evident from all the aforementioned items in the case of the analyzed Basque industrial companies. The analysis of results led us to conclude that the factor of innovative capabilities was the most influential on current competitiveness among the whole sample. In particular, as regards the size factor, this positive effect dilutes in the case of smaller companies. In the same manner, whereas in the case of the companies with higher technological level it is verified that the factor of innovative capabilities reveals crucial, in the group of fhans with lower technological level the most relevant factor is quality. Also, the same effect is evidenced for the case of the subcontractor/non-subcontractor nature of the finns： The first ones show quality as the most relevant construct while for the second ones it is the innovative capabilities.

Flower morphology of Allium(Amaryllidaceae)and its systematic significance

Allium is a complicated genus that includes approximately 1000 species.Although its morphology is well studied,the taxonomic importance of many morphological traits,including floral traits,are poorly understood.Here,we examined and measured the floral characteristics of 87 accessions of 74 Allium taxa(belonging to 30 sections and nine subgenera)from Central to Eastern Asian countries.We then examined the taxonomic relationships between select flower characteristics and a phylogenetic tree based on ITS sequences.Our results confirm that floral morphology provides key taxonomic information to assess species delimitation in Allium.We found that perianth color is an important characteristic within the subg.Melanocrommyum,Polyprason,and Reticulatobulbosa.In subg.Allium,Cepa,and Rhizirideum,significant characteristics include ovary shape,perianth shape,and inner tepal apex.For species in subg.Angunium,the key taxonomic character is ovule number(only one ovule in per locule).In the subg.Allium,Cepa,Polyprason,and Reticulatobulbosa,which belong to the third evolutionary line of Allium,hood-like appendages occur in the ovary,although these do not occur in subg.Rhizirideum.Our results also indicated that the flower morphology of several species in some sections are not clearly distinguished,e.g.,sect.Sacculiferum(subg.Cepa)and sect.Tenuissima(subg.Rhizirideum).This study provides detailed photographs and descriptions of floral characteristics and information on general distributions,habitats,and phenology of the studied taxa.

基于Level Set方法的西夏字轮廓提取

随着国内外对西夏研究的不断深入,收藏于世界各地的大批西夏古籍文献通过影印方式陆续出版。如何将这些西夏古籍文献进行数字化、文本化则有着极其重要的意义。首先利用平滑和细化算法对西夏影印文献进行了预处理,然后利用Level set方法对影印文献中的西夏字进行了轮廓提取。Level Set演化函数在空间方向上采用了四阶紧致差分逼近式离散,计算过程中加入了窄带算法及全局优化方法。实验表明,算法在不增加计算时间的基础上可以得到较精确的西夏字轮廓。

顶层设计与角色重塑:高校学术期刊高质量发展的路径迭代

作为学术共同体的重要组成部分,高质量的学术期刊是助推高校“双一流”建设的重要引擎。然而,“双一流”建设背景下,高校学术期刊高质量发展面临困局。其中,国家“双一流”建设的顶层制度设计对高校学术期刊的高质量发展观照不足,高校学术期刊的角色定位在曲折中发展,在资助政策下成长;主办高校对学术期刊支持不够,存在高校科研评估与期刊建设理性、主办高校对外“窗口”与学术公共“平台”、特色发展与集约规范管理等对立冲突,高校学术期刊的基层实践成效不佳。因此,应以“双一流”建设为契机,促进高校学术期刊的高质量发展与“双一流”建设良性互动,积极构建有利于高校学术期刊高质量发展的生态圈层,重塑高校学术期刊的角色定位。在顶层设计上,指引学术期刊深度参与“双一流”建设的发展定位;在中层支持上,强化主办高校统筹“学术期刊和学科发展”互融互促学术共同体建设的主体责任;在基层创新上,提升高校学术期刊在助力“双一流”建设实践中的学科贡献力和学术引领力。

论秦汉律令异文的整理与汉字职用史研究

秦汉律令异文是研究汉字职用史的重要语料,是整理“一词用多字”“一字记多词”现象的直接材料,同时也为描写汉字职用演变提供了坐标。在秦汉律令异文整理过程中,汉字职用史研究的成果有助于科学建构异文组,有助于正确解读异文,有助于分辨校勘性异文与用字性异文,有助于认知异文的形成原因及过程。汉字职用史研究需注意利用秦汉律令异文材料,秦汉律令异文的整理也需借鉴汉字职用史研究的成果。

混合特征及多头注意力的中文短文本分类

传统的短文本分类研究方法存在两方面不足,一是不能全面地表示文本的语义信息,二是无法充分地提取和融合文本全局和局部信息。基于此,提出一种混合特征及多头注意力(HF-MHA)的中文短文本分类方法。该方法利用预训练模型计算中文短文本的字符级向量和词级向量表示,以得到更全面的文本特征向量表示;采用多头注意力机制捕捉文本序列中的依赖关系,以提高文本的语义理解;通过卷积神经网络分别提取两种向量表示的特征,并将其融合为一个特征向量,以整合文本的全局和局部信息;通过输出层得到分类结果。在三个公开数据集上的实验表明,HF-MHA能够有效地提升中文短文本分类的性能。

基于改进秃鹰算法优化极限学习机的谐波发射水平估计

针对目前电力系统谐波发射水平难以直接测量的问题,提出了一种基于改进秃鹰算法(improved bald eagle search,IBES)优化极限学习机(extreme learning machine,ELM)的谐波发射水平估计方法。首先,在传统秃鹰搜索算法中引入Tent混沌映射和柯西变异算子,利用IBES算法对ELM模型的输入权重和阈值进行寻优。其次,输入公共连接点(point of common coupling,PCC)处谐波电压和谐波电流,代入IBES-ELM模型,估计用户侧和系统侧谐波发射水平。最后进行仿真和工程实例分析,并与其他算法的估计结果进行对比。结果表明,所提IBES-ELM方法估计精度优于长短期记忆网络(long short-term memory,LSTM)、卷积神经网络(convolution neural network,CNN)、反向传播神经网络(back propagation neural network,BP)和CNN-LSTM算法模型,验证了该方法的有效性和稳定性。

基于字形的汉字字符复杂度算法及其应用

汉字字符复杂度是影响汉字识别的重要因素之一,常以笔画数代表,而字形对视觉复杂度的影响尚未得到充分研究。本研究引入汉字字符复杂度的新算法,即将汉字处理为图像后对汉字轮廓进行分块切割,计算字形整体的周长复杂度,得出汉字字符复杂度值。本研究尝试将新算法应用于国际中文教育的字表研究,发现:相较于用笔画数代表汉字字符复杂度的传统方法,新算法计算出的汉字字符复杂度更能够体现同一笔画数下不同汉字视觉上的字形差异;以国际中文教育领域的等级字表为样本,部分等级之间汉字字符复杂度无显著差异。

Chinese EFL Learners' Comprehension of English Idiom Variants:Effects of Variation Type and Proficiency Level

The creative use of English idioms has led to heterogeneous idiom variants that are particularly problematic for L2 learners. Drawing on a cognitive linguistic perspective of idiom learning, this paper categorizes English idiom variants into four major types, and reports on an empirical study that investigated the effects of variation type and proficiency level on Chinese EFL learners＇ comprehension of English idiom variants. Targeting non-English major college students of basic and intermediate English levels, the study confirmed the influence of proficiency level on learners＇ comprehension and evaluation of the difficulty of idiom variants. Structural change in idioms was found to be the easiest type and idioms modified in terms of literal imagery were the most difficult in comprehension. These findings suggest that the dominant ＂rote memorization＂ tends to limit learners＇ choices of comprehension strategies to literal translation and L1 transfer. The learning environment unsupportive of cultivating L2 learners＇ analytical ability is held accountable for the generally low success rates in comprehension of idiom variants.

基于深度学习与规则结合的海运货物邮件命名实体识别

针对海运货物邮件实体识别中存在识别精度不高、实体边界确定困难的问题,提出一种结合深度学习与规则匹配的识别方法。其中:深度学习方法是在BiLSTM-CRF(Bidirectional Long Short Term Memory-Conditional Random Field)模型的基础上添加词的字符级特征,并融入多头注意力机制以捕获邮件文本中长距离依赖;规则匹配方法则根据领域实体特点制定规则来完成识别。根据货物邮件特点将语料进行标注并划分为:货物名称、货物重量、装卸港口、受载期和佣金五个类别。在自建语料中设置多组对比实验,实验表明所提方法在海运货物邮件实体识别的F1值达到79.3%。

《异体字字典》中“地”字异体字的文化阐释

“地”字本指人类所生活的地球表面,但在漫长的历史进程中,它不断被赋予丰富的文化意义。《异体字字典》里收录的32个“地”的异体字,就是这些文化意义最重要的载体。通过对这些异体字进行字源考证和字理分析,可以发现其中十组异构字形反映了古代人们早期的取象思维方式、原始的大地崇拜、最初的宇宙观念这三种文化信息,体现了中华民族浓厚的重土意识。

《经典释文》异读字又音成因探析

《经典释文》丰富的异读材料,不仅是音韵研究的重要语料载体,同时也反映了复杂的字际关系问题。书中的“又音”,除了语音演变导致的又音,还有诸多又音是在用字过程中产生的,对因假借、训读和同形而造成的又读现象进行了辨析。

从敦煌本与宋四本《胜鬘经》异文看佛经的用字问题——以通假字与古今字为例

通过比勘、归纳,在敦煌本与宋四本《胜鬘经》中,共发现10组通假字异文和6组古今字异文。这些异文可大致分为三类:反映时代用字习惯的、反映个人用字习惯的、不能体现时代习惯或个人用字习惯的。在通假字异文组中,敦煌本使用借字较多,宋四本则主要使用正字。在古今字异文组中,敦煌本以使用古字为主,宋四本则以使用今字为主。究其原因,既有时代用字造成的差异,也有抄本与刻本书写方式造成的差异。

“趣”字语义层面、审美范畴及审美涵义探究

在汉语中,“趣”字的使用历史悠久,其意义较多,有的意义存在时间极短,有的意义至今依然鲜活。语音层面之“趣”,读音有四种;语义层面之“趣”,意义概归七类。经过两千多年的萌生、拓展、深化和定型后,“趣”的审美意义逐步提升为审美范畴的一种。“趣”的审美涵义有旨趣、情趣、风致、兴致、志趣等五类义项。

佛经同形字考辨九则

《大正藏》异文来源多样,材料丰富,首先将佛经文献中的同形字分为两类:造字同形、书写同形。然后综合运用文献学、文字学、版本学等相关知识,借助于《中华电子佛典》数据库,利用《大正藏》异文材料,采取音、义结合的方法,分别对佛经文献中的造字同形、书写同形异文进行考订。利用异文材料考辨其中的同形字,不仅有助于认识佛经的流传过程、考察相关字形的演变,而且能够为《汉语大字典》等语文类辞书的修订提供参考。