The aim of this work is mathematical education through the knowledge system and mathematical modeling. A net model of formation of mathematical knowledge as a deductive theory is suggested here. Within this model the ...The aim of this work is mathematical education through the knowledge system and mathematical modeling. A net model of formation of mathematical knowledge as a deductive theory is suggested here. Within this model the formation of deductive theory is represented as the development of a certain informational space, the elements of which are structured in the form of the orientated semantic net. This net is properly metrized and characterized by a certain system of coverings. It allows injecting net optimization parameters, regulating qualitative aspects of knowledge system under consideration. To regulate the creative processes of the formation and realization of mathematical know- edge, stochastic model of formation deductive theory is suggested here in the form of branching Markovian process, which is realized in the corresponding informational space as a semantic net. According to this stochastic model we can get correct foundation of criterion of optimization creative processes that leads to “great main points” strategy (GMP-strategy) in the process of realization of the effective control in the research work in the sphere of mathematics and its applications.展开更多
The aim of the research was to evaluate overall quality of introduction of hazard analysis and critical control points （HACCP） prerequisites and HACCP procedures in catering sector in Latvia to reveal common problem...The aim of the research was to evaluate overall quality of introduction of hazard analysis and critical control points （HACCP） prerequisites and HACCP procedures in catering sector in Latvia to reveal common problems that can provoke food-borne infection outbreaks. Certain quantitative indicators were defined and analyzed to conclude about characteristic trends related to implementation of food safety legislation. The state＇s monitoring data on surveillance of catering establishments were used. Fulfillment of legislative requirements in about 6,000 catering establishments was evaluated during time period of 2004-2009. The results of investigation were obtained with help of statistical analyses using MS Excel computer program. The results of the research suggest that most of catering establishments （e.g., 83.6% during 2009） meet the hygiene requirements only partly. Non-conformities regarding HACCP-based self-control procedures were fixed during 49.2% of inspections. The research reveals characteristic shortcomings that are established from year to year, e.g., improper hygiene of premises （established during 30%-40% of inspections, depending on the year）, poor hygiene of technological equipment （established during 27%-37% of inspections）, poor personnel hygiene （established during 11%-22% of inspections）, inadequate competence of food service personnel （established during 10%-35% of inspections）, as well as non-observance of cleaning-disinfection procedures and technological parameters for food processing （established during 11%-25% of inspections, depending on the year）. Actual shortcomings can lead to both the direct and the indirect cross-contamination of food. On the base of the research, it was concluded that further detailed assessment of potential food safety risks is relevant to establish risk-based monitoring activities in catering sector.展开更多
The safety and risk management of cosmetic products runs through the entire life cycle of the product. The author focuses on the safety of cosmetic products, starting from the three stages of cosmetics research and de...The safety and risk management of cosmetic products runs through the entire life cycle of the product. The author focuses on the safety of cosmetic products, starting from the three stages of cosmetics research and development, production and sales, pointing out the key control points at each stage, aiming to provide a reference for cosmetics companies to develop products.展开更多
The article describes the digital instrumentation and control system for unit 5 ＆ 6 of YangJiang NPP, involving the overall I ＆ C （instrumentation and control） structure, the basic requirements and independent ver...The article describes the digital instrumentation and control system for unit 5 ＆ 6 of YangJiang NPP, involving the overall I ＆ C （instrumentation and control） structure, the basic requirements and independent verification and validation. Advanced I ＆ C systems for YangJiang NPPs have to meet increasing demands for safety and availability. Additionally, the specific requirements coming from the nuclear qualification have to be fulfilled.展开更多
目的基于食用螺旋藻粉的市场安全需求分析食用螺旋藻粉生产过程中的风险因子并提出防控措施。方法根据危害分析和关键控制点(hazard analysis and critical control point,HACCP)体系原则分析生产过程中可能出现的问题,对各个环节进行...目的基于食用螺旋藻粉的市场安全需求分析食用螺旋藻粉生产过程中的风险因子并提出防控措施。方法根据危害分析和关键控制点(hazard analysis and critical control point,HACCP)体系原则分析生产过程中可能出现的问题,对各个环节进行危害分析并制定预防控制措施,对螺旋藻粉进行生物、物理、化学等方面的风险分析后,依据关键控制点(critical control point,CCP)判断树,对生产工艺的各个环节进行判断。结果确定了5个关键控制点,即CCP1–原辅料接收、CCP2–藻种接种、CCP3–养殖管理、CCP4–滤藻及清洗、CCP5–喷雾干燥,每一项关键控制点至少制定了一个关键限值,以消除其显著危害或将危害降低至可接受水平。结论螺旋藻的生长方式特殊,在生产过程中应严格执行HACCP体系,可以保证螺旋藻粉的质量和安全,为消费者的健康饮食提供保障。展开更多
随着经济的发展和社会的进步,快节奏的生活方式使得预制菜食品受到越来越多消费者的关注和青睐。近年来,预制菜行业发展迅速,并保持高速增长态势,发展潜力巨大,但也凸显出一些问题。本文对预制菜产业发展现状进行论述,探讨预制菜发展前...随着经济的发展和社会的进步,快节奏的生活方式使得预制菜食品受到越来越多消费者的关注和青睐。近年来,预制菜行业发展迅速,并保持高速增长态势,发展潜力巨大,但也凸显出一些问题。本文对预制菜产业发展现状进行论述,探讨预制菜发展前景,并对消费者普遍关注的预制菜食品标准问题和安全问题进行全面分析。结合预制菜行业发展实际情况,提出逐步建立健全标准体系、在生产过程中实施危害分析和关键控制点(Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points,HACCP)食品安全控制体系建议,旨在提升预制菜食品生产企业的安全风险控制管理水平、预制菜食品质量水平以及预制菜食品安全控制水平,为广大消费者提供方便、快捷、安全的预制菜食品,为预制菜产业的市场监管及健康发展奠定基础。展开更多
随着食品安全问题日益受到重视,危害分析与关键控制点(Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point,HACCP)体系作为保障食品安全的重要手段,其有效实施与监控显得尤为重要。基于此,本文阐述了HACCP体系的内涵,分析了HACCP体系有效实施...随着食品安全问题日益受到重视,危害分析与关键控制点(Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point,HACCP)体系作为保障食品安全的重要手段,其有效实施与监控显得尤为重要。基于此,本文阐述了HACCP体系的内涵,分析了HACCP体系有效实施的路径,包括建立前提条件、确定关键控制点、设立监控程序等。同时,分析了HACCP体系在实施监控中存在的问题,如企业重视程度不足、监控手段落后等,并针对这些问题提出了相应的改进建议,旨在为食品企业和监管部门提供一些参考和借鉴,促进食品安全管理水平的提升。展开更多
文摘The aim of this work is mathematical education through the knowledge system and mathematical modeling. A net model of formation of mathematical knowledge as a deductive theory is suggested here. Within this model the formation of deductive theory is represented as the development of a certain informational space, the elements of which are structured in the form of the orientated semantic net. This net is properly metrized and characterized by a certain system of coverings. It allows injecting net optimization parameters, regulating qualitative aspects of knowledge system under consideration. To regulate the creative processes of the formation and realization of mathematical know- edge, stochastic model of formation deductive theory is suggested here in the form of branching Markovian process, which is realized in the corresponding informational space as a semantic net. According to this stochastic model we can get correct foundation of criterion of optimization creative processes that leads to “great main points” strategy (GMP-strategy) in the process of realization of the effective control in the research work in the sphere of mathematics and its applications.
文摘The aim of the research was to evaluate overall quality of introduction of hazard analysis and critical control points （HACCP） prerequisites and HACCP procedures in catering sector in Latvia to reveal common problems that can provoke food-borne infection outbreaks. Certain quantitative indicators were defined and analyzed to conclude about characteristic trends related to implementation of food safety legislation. The state＇s monitoring data on surveillance of catering establishments were used. Fulfillment of legislative requirements in about 6,000 catering establishments was evaluated during time period of 2004-2009. The results of investigation were obtained with help of statistical analyses using MS Excel computer program. The results of the research suggest that most of catering establishments （e.g., 83.6% during 2009） meet the hygiene requirements only partly. Non-conformities regarding HACCP-based self-control procedures were fixed during 49.2% of inspections. The research reveals characteristic shortcomings that are established from year to year, e.g., improper hygiene of premises （established during 30%-40% of inspections, depending on the year）, poor hygiene of technological equipment （established during 27%-37% of inspections）, poor personnel hygiene （established during 11%-22% of inspections）, inadequate competence of food service personnel （established during 10%-35% of inspections）, as well as non-observance of cleaning-disinfection procedures and technological parameters for food processing （established during 11%-25% of inspections, depending on the year）. Actual shortcomings can lead to both the direct and the indirect cross-contamination of food. On the base of the research, it was concluded that further detailed assessment of potential food safety risks is relevant to establish risk-based monitoring activities in catering sector.
文摘The safety and risk management of cosmetic products runs through the entire life cycle of the product. The author focuses on the safety of cosmetic products, starting from the three stages of cosmetics research and development, production and sales, pointing out the key control points at each stage, aiming to provide a reference for cosmetics companies to develop products.
文摘The article describes the digital instrumentation and control system for unit 5 ＆ 6 of YangJiang NPP, involving the overall I ＆ C （instrumentation and control） structure, the basic requirements and independent verification and validation. Advanced I ＆ C systems for YangJiang NPPs have to meet increasing demands for safety and availability. Additionally, the specific requirements coming from the nuclear qualification have to be fulfilled.
文摘目的基于食用螺旋藻粉的市场安全需求分析食用螺旋藻粉生产过程中的风险因子并提出防控措施。方法根据危害分析和关键控制点(hazard analysis and critical control point,HACCP)体系原则分析生产过程中可能出现的问题,对各个环节进行危害分析并制定预防控制措施,对螺旋藻粉进行生物、物理、化学等方面的风险分析后,依据关键控制点(critical control point,CCP)判断树,对生产工艺的各个环节进行判断。结果确定了5个关键控制点,即CCP1–原辅料接收、CCP2–藻种接种、CCP3–养殖管理、CCP4–滤藻及清洗、CCP5–喷雾干燥,每一项关键控制点至少制定了一个关键限值,以消除其显著危害或将危害降低至可接受水平。结论螺旋藻的生长方式特殊,在生产过程中应严格执行HACCP体系,可以保证螺旋藻粉的质量和安全,为消费者的健康饮食提供保障。
文摘随着经济的发展和社会的进步,快节奏的生活方式使得预制菜食品受到越来越多消费者的关注和青睐。近年来,预制菜行业发展迅速,并保持高速增长态势,发展潜力巨大,但也凸显出一些问题。本文对预制菜产业发展现状进行论述,探讨预制菜发展前景,并对消费者普遍关注的预制菜食品标准问题和安全问题进行全面分析。结合预制菜行业发展实际情况,提出逐步建立健全标准体系、在生产过程中实施危害分析和关键控制点(Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points,HACCP)食品安全控制体系建议,旨在提升预制菜食品生产企业的安全风险控制管理水平、预制菜食品质量水平以及预制菜食品安全控制水平,为广大消费者提供方便、快捷、安全的预制菜食品,为预制菜产业的市场监管及健康发展奠定基础。
文摘随着食品安全问题日益受到重视,危害分析与关键控制点(Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point,HACCP)体系作为保障食品安全的重要手段,其有效实施与监控显得尤为重要。基于此,本文阐述了HACCP体系的内涵,分析了HACCP体系有效实施的路径,包括建立前提条件、确定关键控制点、设立监控程序等。同时,分析了HACCP体系在实施监控中存在的问题,如企业重视程度不足、监控手段落后等,并针对这些问题提出了相应的改进建议,旨在为食品企业和监管部门提供一些参考和借鉴,促进食品安全管理水平的提升。
