Study on green power supply modes for heavy load in Remote Areas

In this study,the present situation and characteristics of power supply in remote areas are summarized.By studying the cases of power supply projects in remote areas,the experience is analyzed and described,and the applicability of related technologies,such as grid-forming storage and power load management,is studied,including grid-connection technologies,such as grid-forming converters and power load management.On this basis,three power-supply modes were proposed.The application scenarios and advantages of the three modes were compared and analyzed.Based on the local development situation,the temporal sequences of the three schemes are described,and a case study was conducted.The study of the heavy-load power supply mode in remote areas contributes to solving the problem of heavy-load green power consumption in remote areas and promoting the further development of renewable energy.

Prevention and Control Mode of Desertification in China＇s State Energy Group Shendong Mining Area with Annual Coal Output of 200 Million Tons

According to the strategic goal of sustainable development,construction and management for the construction of Shendong mining area with ecological safety,the ecological restoration principle of ＂ control protects development and development promotes control＂ for desertification prevention and control was adopted,and engineering measures,plant greening measures,and enclosure management and protection measures were taken to prevent and control desertification in the mining area based on careful detailed investigation and accurate planning and design in the early period. After 32 years,the desertification ecological landscape environment of the mining area has undergone a qualitative change,and the vegetation coverage has increased from 3%-8% to above 60% after the development. The former desertification land has become a modern green energy base that has produced 200 million tons of coal every year. The construction and management mode of an ecologically safe and modernized green coal mining area built by Shendong in the desertification region of northwestern China shows that taking appropriate comprehensive ecological restoration construction technology and management measures that integrate engineering,plants and enclosure management and protection is an effective technical and management paradigm for the construction of a modernized green large-scale coal mining area in China＇s arid and semi-arid regions.

A Design for the Node of ATMMAN

To meet the needs of building the ATM based compus network, a general plan of ATM MAN is put forward. The traffic control in ATM multiplexing/demultiplexing and MAC Layer and Transmission Convergence (TC) Sublayer of the node is designed. The use of Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) and Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) techniques into MAN will benefit the transition from MAN to B ISDN and the research in this paper will be useful in establishing ATM MAN or ATM LAN.

Critical review and functional safety of a battery management system for large‑scale lithium‑ion battery pack technologies

The battery management system(BMS)is the main safeguard of a battery system for electric propulsion and machine electrifcation.It is tasked to ensure reliable and safe operation of battery cells connected to provide high currents at high voltage levels.In addition to efectively monitoring all the electrical parameters of a battery pack system,such as the voltage,current,and temperature,the BMS is also used to improve the battery performance with proper safety measures within the system.With growing acceptance of lithium-ion batteries,major industry sectors such as the automotive,renewable energy,manufacturing,construction,and even some in the mining industry have brought forward the mass transition from fossil fuel dependency to electric powered machinery and redefned the world of energy storage.Hence,the functional safety considerations,which are those relating to automatic protection,in battery management for battery pack technologies are particularly important to ensure that the overall electrical system,regardless of whether it is for electric transportation or stationary energy storage,is in accordance with high standards of safety,reliability,and quality.If the system or product fails to meet functional and other safety requirements on account of faulty design or a sequence of failure events,then the environment,people,and property could be endangered.This paper analyzed the details of BMS for electric transportation and large-scale energy storage systems,particularly in areas concerned with hazardous environment.The analysis covers the aspect of functional safety that applies to BMS and is in accordance with the relevant industrial standards.A comprehensive evaluation of the components,architecture,risk reduction techniques,and failure mode analysis applicable to BMS operation was also presented.The article further provided recommendations on safety design and performance optimization in relation to the overall BMS integration.

Developing an integrated urban ecological efficiency framework for spatial ecological planning:A case on a tropical mega metropolitan area of the global south

Rapid urbanization has emerged as one of the most critical challenges to ecological sustainability in urban areas.In developing countries,the degradation of the ecosystem is more prominent due to the lack of urban planning.Thus,it has become urgent for researchers to identify the ecological efficiency(EE)changes imposed by urban expansion and promote sustainable land use planning.This study aims to develop a comprehensive urban ecological efficiency(UEE)framework in the Kolkata Metropolitan Area(KMA),India,from 2000 to 2020.Principal component analysis(PCA)was used to develop a remote sensing-based UEE index(UEEI)based on five effective ecological parameters(Greenness,Dryness,Heat,Wetness and vegetation health.A single sensitivity parameter was also calculated to determine the role of a single parameter based on which management strategies can be carried out.The findings showed that(i)there were substantial deteriorations of UEE in the last 20 years.In 2000 the areas with good EE were about 65.5%which declined to 53.72%in 2010 and 20.87%in 2020.The areas with good UEE decreased 68%and 61%from 2000 to 2020 and 2010 to 2020,respectively;(ii)the areas with good UEE were 52%in 2000,while 38%in 2010.Most urban centres(Bhadreshwar,Champdani,Srirampur,Bally,Howrah,Kamarhati,Baranagar,Dum Dum,South Dum Dum,Rajarhat,Bidhannagar)located around the Kolkata megacity are characterized by poor and very poor EE(ranges of 0.60-1.00).Thus,spatiotemporal pattern of UEE could assist to clarify the administrative responsibilities as well as obligations.In addition to this,the UEE framework can help for scientific guidance of urban ecosystem protection and restoration through comprehensive spatial landscape planning.

南京江北新区综合管廊建设管理模式及其应用

建设管理模式是影响综合管廊建设效率、投资效益的关键因素,如何选择科学的建设管理模式是一个亟待解决的问题。首先,以南京江北新区综合管廊为例,开展了江北新区综合管廊建设管理模式选择的研究。分析了引入工程总承包EPC模式的适用性和综合管廊建设管理引入BIM+3S技术的优越性。其次,开展了江北新区综合管廊建设管理模式应用的研究。应用内容包括建设管理体制、合同管理、目标控制、安全管理等。最后,凝练了江北新区综合管廊建设管理创新效果。

南京都市圈跨界河湖联合河湖长制创新研究

为提高跨界河湖治理的效果,以南京都市圈为背景,实地调研了现有的河长制属地负责模式,提出了跨界河湖联合会商、信息共享、协同治理和联合执法等联合河湖长制的新工作模式及创新机制。结果表明:在南京都市圈实际应用中,新模式促进了各方合作,有效解决了跨界问题。相比传统模式,联合河湖长制治理效率更高;通过联合会商和信息共享,各方能更高效协调行动;协同治理和联合执法机制则确保了措施的一致性和有效执行。研究成果为跨界河湖的长期健康治理提供了有效手段,为其他区域的类似治理工作提供了重要参考。

都市圈背景下市域铁路与城市轨道交通“一张网”运营经验及对广州的启示

都市圈背景下,中心城市核心区与市郊城镇及周边地市间交互需求愈加强烈。近年来,国内不少城市相继通过升级改造既有铁路线或新建线路引入市域铁路服务,以适应都市圈内部长距离快速出行需求,但在规划建设、运营管理尤其是一体化运营方面仍存在若干问题亟待研究解决。对此,文章在梳理总结国内外市域铁路建设实践经验的基础上,结合广州市域铁路发展进程及资源禀赋,从规划引导、建设保障、运营深化三个层面提出了都市圈背景下广州市域铁路与城市轨道交通“一张网”运营思路,对于深化落实“四网融合”发展规划,推动市域铁路可持续发展具有重要意义。

粤港澳大湾区城际铁路公交化运营模式下服务提升对策研究——以广佛都市圈为例

针对粤港澳大湾区城际铁路采用公交化运营模式后,存在功能层次不清晰、与城市发展不协调、网络化运营不足、服务效率不高等问题,基于相关国内外都市圈区域轨道交通发展经验,提出将城际铁路、市域快线等轨道线路按照功能层次重新整合,结合都市圈出行需求特征统筹考虑网络布局,优化都市圈外部廊道,强化核心区快速直连通道,利用车站配线及联络线进一步加强都市圈轨道交通的互联互通,优化城际车站与地铁换乘服务等相关建议,为区域内城际铁路的运营服务水平提升及可持续发展提供参考。

都市圈客运走廊城际通勤方式选择演化博弈研究

为优化都市圈城际出行结构,提高轨道交通运营效益,利用基于Logit动态的演化博弈模型揭示了都市圈客运走廊城际通勤方式选择的动态过程.模型考虑了出行时间、费用、拥堵、感知收益等影响因素,并利用南京都市圈宁句客运走廊出行调查数据进行了计算分析.结果表明,随着纯电汽车的普及,有32.2%的出行者从轨道交通转向小汽车出行.减少轨道交通在途时间成本与降低轨道交通票价均能吸引出行者选择轨道交通出行,但前者的效果更好.同时,随着轨道交通出行比例的增加,减少轨道交通在途时间成本所吸引的出行者数量呈先逐渐增加后快速减少的趋势.

Lobster Fishery Connectivity and Management In Indonesia Waters

The distribution of lobsters in Indonesian waters is very wide,even lobster species in Indonesia are also scattered in the tropical waters of the western Pacific Ocean,the Indian Ocean,Africa to Japanese waters.Indonesian waters are divided into 11(eleven)Fishery Management Zone(FMZ).Lobsters in Indonesia may come from various water areas,both national and regional water zones,and they’re called the sink population.Its spread is influenced by the movement of the current.Lobster seed is nurtured by nature through ocean currents from Australia,East Indonesia,Japan,then back to Australia.Lobsters have a complex life cycle,where adult lobsters inhabit coral reefs as a place to lay eggs,then hatch into planktonic larvae,and grow up in open seas and carry out diurnal and ontogenetic vertical migrations before returning to nurseries in shallow coastal areas and reefs,coral,as well as habitat by the type of species.Literature research had used at least two methodologies to estimate the distribution and connection sensitivity matrices of marine organism larvae.The two most common approaches are using genetic markers and numerical biophysical modeling.Thus,this research uses molecular genetic techniques to explain the ge­netic structure of lobster populations using a biophysical model approach that can explain the genetic structure of lobsters,as well as the distribution based on regional oceanographic synthesis data and lobster biology known in Indonesian waters.This model has four components,namely:1)a ben­thic module based on a Geographical Information System(GIS)which is a lobster habitat in the spawning and recruitment process,2)a physical oceanography module containing daily velocity in the form of a three-di­mensional hydrodynamic model,3)a larva biology module that describes larval life history characteristics,and 4)a Lagrangian Stochastic module that tracks the individual trajectories of larvae.

基于康复助手APP的延续性健康管理在偏远地区老年脑卒中患者出院后居家康复中的应用

目的 探讨基于康复助手APP的延续性健康管理在偏远地区老年脑卒中患者出院后居家康复中的应用。方法 选取2020年1-12月我院收入的偏远地区老年急性脑卒中患者120例为研究对象,按出院时间将2020年1-6月出院的60例患者作为对照组,予以常规院外护理管理;7-12月出院的60例患者作为观察组,接受延续性健康管理模式。比较2组患者出院前和出院后1个月、3个月与6个月时的生活自理能力、肢体运动功能、神经功能恢复情况及干预后满意度。结果 2组患者出院前生活自理能力、肢体运动功能及神经功能恢复情况比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);出院后1个月、3个月及6个月时,观察组生活自理能力、肢体运动功能和神经功能恢复情况均优于对照组(P<0.05);干预后观察组满意度也优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 对偏远地区老年脑卒中患者出院后开展基于康复助手APP的延续性健康管理可进一步提升患者居家康复效果,促使其在出院后仍可接受到专业且全面的健康指导,从而保持良好和健康的生活习惯与心理状态,对提升生活质量及改善预后结局具有重要意义。

山地烟区不同专业化烘烤模式效能对比研究

为探索适合于山地烟区的烤烟专业化烘烤模式,完善专业化烘烤运行机制,有效整合烤房资源和劳动力资源,促使先进烘烤模式在山地烟区有效落地。采用对比验证试验,分析比较了采烤分收一体化、承包式、互助式3种专业化烘烤模式在该山地烟区应用时的鲜烟叶入炕效率、用工数量、烤后烟初分效率、烘烤经济性状方面的差异。结果表明:采烤分收一体化模式在鲜烟叶入炕效率上较其他两种模式有着显著优势,利于烟农在山地烟区有限采摘时间窗口期完成田间烟叶采摘,实施炕内烟叶均质化烘烤;用工数量上,采烤分一体化模式用工成本最低,互助模式用工成本最高;烤后烟初分效率上,采烤分一体化模式用时最少,烤后烟初分合格率最高,对人力的利用效率也最高;在烤后烟经济性状方面,承包模式与采烤分一体化模式的烤后烟综合经济性状表现相近,整体都较好,互助模式烤后烟经济性状表现较差。综合来看,采烤分一体化专业化烘烤模式具有一定优势。

都市圈“三生空间”协同变化及其对生态系统服务的影响

[目的]“三生空间”时空变化及其对生态系统服务影响的研究可以揭示人地关系及其变化规律,为区域国土空间管控提供理论依据。[方法]本研究以典型都市圈--济南都市圈为例,分析了2000-2018年“三生空间”变化趋势,刻画了三生空间协同变化类型与特征,并评价了济南都市圈生态系统服务价值及其变化,最终揭示了“三生空间”变化对区域生态系统服务的影响。[结果]总体变化特征上,生活生产空间是唯一面积增长的“三生空间”类型,且其面积相对变化速度在各类型中最快,对应动态度为2.4%;400 245.31 hm^(2)的生产生态空间转入生活生产空间,是生活生产空间扩张的主要来源;“三生空间”协同变化可划分为5种特征明显、空间上互不重叠的类型,包括生态-生活协同变化型,生产-生活协同变化型,生态变化主导型,三生稳定型,生活变化主导型;在各协同变化类型中,生活变化主导型区县的生态系统服务价值下降最为剧烈[-3 015.89元/(hm^(2)·a)];在各转换类型中,生产生态空间向生活生产空间的转换对区域生态系统服务价值的不利影响最明显。[结论]研究提出了“三生空间”协同变化类型的划分方法,揭示了济南都市圈“三生空间”变化特征及其对生态系统服务的影响,可为“三生空间”理论研究提供补充,为国土空间规划中土地用途管制与国土空间分区管理等提供参考。

都市圈轨道交通线网级电力调度系统应用方案

随着国内都市圈的发展,区域一体化发展正在经历大提速,多层次轨道交通迎来发展机遇。都市圈轨道交通网络化运营离不开线网控制中心,电力调度系统作为线网调度的核心之一,需不断提升其自动化、智能化水平。介绍了轨道交通线网级电力调度系统的网络架构、系统配置和接口方案,阐述了轨道交通供电系统实现安全校核功能技术方案,为电力调度预案的制定提供数据支撑。针对目前国内轨道交通管理现状,提出了都市圈轨道交通线网级电力调度的管控方案,以实现由分线管控模式逐步向线网管控模式的过渡。

面向城市群和都市圈的区域多制式轨道交通系统调度指挥模式研究

随着产业、经济、政策、技术、人才等优势因素的深度融合,国内城市群和都市圈轨道交通正在快速发展。通过对国内外区域多制式轨道交通系统既有调度指挥模式进行梳理,汇总得到基于分散架构和基于集中架构的2种调度指挥模式;在对2种调度指挥模式的优劣势和实施适应性进行分析后,通过弥补劣势和改进适应性,创新性地提出了一种基于协同架构的调度指挥模式;对3种调度指挥模式进行横向比较分析,并结合国内城市群和都市圈现状及其发展趋势,提出了面向城市群和都市圈的区域多制式轨道交通系统调度指挥模式的建议实施路线;以京津冀城市群作为案例,验证了建议实施路线的合理性,将为加快建设“轨道上的城市群和都市圈”提供设计参考。

“格局—过程—效应”多维视域下中国都市圈国土综合整治研究

新型城镇化背景下,促进都市圈协同发展成为提高我国城市系统可持续性的重要战略。作为国土空间合理配置与区域资源高效利用的关键措施,国土综合整治有助于优化城市地区国土空间规划合理性并减轻城市化负面影响。文章以中国29个都市圈为例,面向城市化进程中的景观格局、发展过程、生态效应等特征与问题,提出时空动态结合的都市圈多维度国土综合整治评估框架。在此基础上,采用三维魔方空间关联法划定城市空间规划提升、低效用地利用提效、生态功能服务改良、规划—利用提质、规划—服务协同、利用—服务改善、综合整治优化、协调发展稳固8个都市圈整治分区,并按照问题优先等级针对规划、利用和服务方面提出相应的整治策略。

面向生态系统服务供需协同的大都市区生态空间网络构建——以上海市为例

生态空间网络是促进区域生态系统服务供需协同与优化国土空间格局的重要途径,但当前相关研究和实践很少同时考虑生态系统服务的供应和需求,难以充分发挥生态空间网络的生态与社会效益。以上海大都市区为例,测度生态系统服务的供需水平,通过热点分析识别生态源地和供需失配区,运用最小阻力模型构建生态廊道,形成面向生态系统服务供需协同的生态空间网络。根据生态系统服务功能,提出分级分类规划管控指引,以期为大都市区生态空间的规划与管理提供参考。

大都市区乡镇群落聚合模式初探——以北京市为例

大都市区的城乡空间系统是新型城镇化的重要载体,探索适配乡镇地区的发展路径对于实现全域高质量发展至关重要。“乡镇群落”是促进资源共享、推动融合发展的集群单元,“群落化发展”以乡镇群落为基本单元配置公共服务要素和产业发展要素,是大都市区统筹要素布局、发挥集群优势、融合城乡发展的重要路径。本文通过汲取国内外大都市区乡镇群落化发展的实践经验,解析乡镇群落的空间层级与聚合机制,建立“地域分工”与“空间集群”的双重聚合逻辑,形成“特色功能类型聚合”与“近域空间范围聚合”的乡镇群落聚合发展研究技术路线,并以北京市为例研究乡镇群落化发展的聚合模式,以期为规划与政策实践提供参考。

郑州都市圈城际铁路公交化运营模式

城际铁路是连通城市群的重要通道,实现其公交化运营有助于满足城市间快速出行需求,构建城市群“半小时交通圈”。分析郑州都市圈区域内城际铁路运营现状及客流需求特征发现,既有运营模式在匹配旅客出行需求、精准接续铁路同一车站内其他列车、便捷接驳其他交通系统等方面存在不足。针对上述不足,结合公交化运营需要,基于郑州东站、新郑机场站、宋城路站及绿博园站提出了包含改造车站设施设备、优化旅客组织方案、调整列车开行方案等内容的城际铁路公交化运营实践方案。结果表明,相比于既有运营模式,公交化运营模式更有利于提升城际客运服务质量、促进城市群一体化发展。