Modeling and performance evaluation of QoS-aware job scheduling of computational grids

To achieve high quality of service （QoS） on computational grids, the QoS-aware job scheduling is investigated for a hierarchical decentralized grid architecture that consists of multilevel schedulers. An integrated QoS-aware job dispatching policy is proposed, which correlates priorities of incoming jobs used for job selecting at the local scheduler of the grid node with the job dispatching policies at the global scheduler for computational grids. The stochastic high-level Petri net （SHLPN） model of a two-level hierarchy computational grid architecture is presented, and a model refinement is made to reduce the complexity of the model solution. A performance analysis technique based on the SHLPN is proposed to investigate the QoS-aware job scheduling policy. Numerical results show that the QoS-aware job dispatching policy outperforms the QoS-unaware job dispatching policy in balancing the high-priority jobs, and thus enables priority-based QoS.

The Big Five Model in Relation to Job Performance:A New Look at Organizational Psychology

The Big Five Theory is often regarded as psychology’s most influential personality theoretical approach.The goal of this study is to examine the role of the Big Five Theory in the workplace,especially which personality qualities are more likely to predict work success.Which traits should companies emphasize throughout the hiring and selection processes?How can businesses use the Big Five personality model to locate employees that are more productive,efficient,and devoted to the organization’s goals?A detailed assessment of existing recent research addresses the aforementioned issues.Following a review of many current articles on the subject,it was established that using this model had a positive influence on individual and group performance,working relationships,manager work performance,and workplace innovation.

Early performance of Pinus radiata provenances in the earthquakeravaged dry river valley area of Sichuan, southwest China

A provenance experiment involving five native provenances and an Australian landrace of Pinus radiata （D. Don） was established over three sites in the dry river valley area of Sichuan, southwest China in 2004 in order to select the most suitable provenance for environmental planting on the dry, steep and degraded slopes to reduce soil erosion. Although with much lower soil moisture supply and mean minimum temperatures in winter compared to P. radiata provenance trials estab- lished elsewhere in the world, these sites are within the working limits of the species defined by previous climate modelling and matching. Be- cause of the difficult site conditions and severe natural disturbances after the experiment was established, mortality was high across the three sites in comparison to provenance trials in other countries.

Analyzing the Operational Performance Migration of Telecom Operators

Due to the rapid development of mobile Internet services, such as Skype and WeChat, traditional telecom services have suffered a large decline in the business volumes in recent years. Thus, telecom operators pay much attention to analyzing the changes of the enterprise performance, in order to adjust market strategies in time. In this paper, we propose a new methodology to analyze the operation data of telecom operators dynamically,which can characterize the changing process of the operating states and predict the developing trends. In particular, the proposed methodology contains two steps: migration pattern analysis and trajectory pattern analysis.Firstly, migration analysis is based on the changing of operating states between two points-in-time, which is referred to as the migration paths. Applying the clustering analysis to the migration paths can obtain the migration patterns, which characterize the changing feature of telecom operators during a short period, e.g. one month. Secondly, we combine a sequence of consecutive migration paths to obtain the migration trajectory. Through analyzing different trajectories based on the hierarchical cluster method and the Markov chain model, we obtain the trajectory patterns,which describe the changing progress during a relatively long period, e.g. one year. Based on the trajectory patterns, we can predict the possible performance changes. Finally, we apply the proposed method to a Chinese telecom operator for an empirical research, and has obtained a lot of development rules which provides insights into current telecom.

Investigation of Probability Generating Function in an Interdependent <i>M/M/</i>1:(∞;GD) Queueing Model with Controllable Arrival Rates Using Rouche’s Theorem

Present paper deals a M/M/1:(∞;GD) queueing model with interdependent controllable arrival and service rates where- in customers arrive in the system according to poisson distribution with two different arrivals rates-slower and faster as per controllable arrival policy. Keeping in view the general trend of interdependent arrival and service processes, it is presumed that random variables of arrival and service processes follow a bivariate poisson distribution and the server provides his services under general discipline of service rule in an infinitely large waiting space. In this paper, our central attention is to explore the probability generating functions using Rouche’s theorem in both cases of slower and faster arrival rates of the queueing model taken into consideration;which may be helpful for mathematicians and researchers for establishing significant performance measures of the model. Moreover, for the purpose of high-lighting the application aspect of our investigated result, very recently Maurya [1] has derived successfully the expected busy periods of the server in both cases of slower and faster arrival rates, which have also been presented by the end of this paper.

A Three-Dimensional Performance Measurement Model for Cloud Computing

New paradigms for processing and storing data such as cloud computing require new approaches for the measurement of cloud service performance. To establish a Service Level Agreement (SLA) between a cloud service provider and its customers, the cloud services and their service level objectives need to be identified. An additional challenge in the performance measurement of cloud services is the lack of models that integrate the different perspectives of providers, maintainers and customers within the same model in order to define the concepts commonly used in cloud SLA contracts. This work proposes a three-dimensional Performance Measurement Model for Cloud Computing (P2M2C-3D) which consolidates performance measurement from the perspectives of providers, maintainers and customers for the different types of cloud services.

The Application of the Emerging Market Score Model in China During the Global Crisis Period： A Countertrend

The global economic crisis that blew up at the end of 2006 in the United States has had extremely negative impacts on the social, political, and economic fields. The countries operating in the most affected macro areas---the United States and Europe---have put through the wringer the domestic trade relationships as well as the international ones, by injecting a chain reaction into the global economic scenario. However, there are countries that seem to be free from the economic and financial contagion overflowing over the past years, as they are moved by an ＂invincible projection toward the growth＂. The present study aims to analyze how much the main emerging market of China has been effectively involved in this vicious circle. More specifically, the study intends to propose an empirical analysis on the real connection between the macroecnnomic data and the strong structure of the Chinese publicly listed companies. This paper investigates the prediction of failure among 3,220 Chinese publicly traded companies （listed companies） during the global crisis period. By analysing the financial accounting data over the past seven years （2008 to 2014）, the emerging market score （EMS） has been adopted in order to investigate the impact of the crisis on financial distress in the main emerging market of China. The results confirm the following hypotheses： On one hand, the great majority of companies have not been suffering the downturn, since 71.93% of the entire samples present no risk of financial distress during the global crisis; on the other hand, only 6.18% have a reasonable risk of financial distress.

Three-Dimensional Analytical Modeling of Axial-Flux Permanent Magnet Drivers

In this paper, the axial-flux permanent magnet driver is modeledand analyzed in a simple and novel way under three-dimensional cylindricalcoordinates. The inherent three-dimensional characteristics of the deviceare comprehensively considered, and the governing equations are solved bysimplifying the boundary conditions. The axial magnetization of the sectorshapedpermanent magnets is accurately described in an algebraic form bythe parameters, which makes the physical meaning more explicit than thepurely mathematical expression in general series forms. The parameters of theBessel function are determined simply and the magnetic field distribution ofpermanent magnets and the air-gap is solved. Furthermore, the field solutionsare completely analytical, which provides convenience and satisfactoryaccuracy for modeling a series of electromagnetic performance parameters,such as the axial electromagnetic force density, axial electromagnetic force,and electromagnetic torque. The correctness and accuracy of the analyticalmodels are fully verified by three-dimensional finite element simulations and a15 kW prototype and the results of calculations, simulations, and experimentsunder three methods are highly consistent. The influence of several designparameters on magnetic field distribution and performance is studied and discussed.The results indicate that the modeling method proposed in this papercan calculate the magnetic field distribution and performance accurately andrapidly, which affords an important reference for the design and optimizationof axial-flux permanent magnet drivers.

Development of a Methodology to Evaluate Projects Using Dynamic Traffic Assignment Models

The identification and selection of performance measures play an important role in any decision making process. Additionally, millions of dollars are spent on appropriate planning and identification of prospective projects for improvements. As a result, current practitioners spend a lot of time and money in prioritizing their limited resources. This research proposes two tasks: 1) estimation of performance measures using a simulation based on dynamic traffic assignment model, and 2) development of a methodology to evaluate multiple projects based on benefit-cost analysis. The model, DynusT, is used for the Las Vegas roadway network during the morning peak time period. A comparative analysis of the results from proposed methodology with existing California Benefit-Cost (Cal-B/C) models is presented. The results indicate that the new methodology provides an accurate benefit-cost ratio of the projects. In addition, it signifies that the existing Cal-B/C models underestimate the benefits associated with the prospective project improvements. The major contribution of this research is the simultaneous estimation of the performance measures and development of a methodology to evaluate multiple projects. This is helpful to decision makers to rank and prioritize future projects in a cost-effective manner. Planning and operational policies for the transportation systems can be developed based on the gained insights from this study.

Work-family Interfase and Job Performance: Job Satisfaction as Mediator

The objective of the study was to examine the relationships between work-family interfase,job satisfaction and job performance in an Argentinian workers sample.A cross-sectional empirical study,based on explicative-associative strategy was designed.An availability sample of 383 workers(195 male)from different kinds of organizations was conformed.Based on past evidence,it was hypothesized the mediator role of job satisfaction.Structural equation analysis showed that the indirect effects of work-family interfase dimensions(conflict and enrichment)on job performance through job satisfaction were statically significant,which indicated partial mediation.All variables explained 72%of job performance variance.The study provides new evidence regarding the interrelations between job-family articulation and individual job performance,illuminating the crucial role played by satisfaction.Empirical findings and practical implications of the study are discussed.

A Maintenance Model Based on Phase Type Distribution for Equipment under Two Types of Failures

A maintenance model is put forward for equipment, which is subjected to internal and external failures. In the model, two maintenance pollcies--perfect minimal repair and replacement are considered. The operational time has a phase type distribution （PH distribution）. Failures＇ arrival follows a Markovian Arrival Process （MAP）. Some failures require the replacement of the system, and others minimal repairs. The performance measures-the mean number of minimal repairs and replacements are analyzed and calculated.

Information Conductivity:Universal Performance Measure for Semantic Communications

As a novel paradigm,semantic communication provides an effective solution for breaking through the future development dilemma of classical communication systems.However,it remains an unsolved problem of how to measure the information transmission capability for a given semantic communication method and subsequently compare it with the classical communication method.In this paper,we first present a review of the semantic communication system,including its system model and the two typical coding and transmission methods for its implementations.To address the unsolved issue of the information transmission capability measure for semantic communication methods,we propose a new universal performance measure called Information Conductivity.We provide the definition and the physical significance to state its effectiveness in representing the information transmission capabilities of the semantic communication systems and present elaborations including its measure methods,degrees of freedom,and progressive analysis.Experimental results in image transmission scenarios validate its practical applicability.

Integrated framework for space-and energy-efficient retrofitting in multifunctional buildings:A synergy of agent-based modeling and performance-based modeling

This research investigates retrofitting strategies for multifunctional spaces within educational buildings,employing agent-based and performance-based modeling to support decision-making.An experimental matrix was developed,reflecting three usage scenarios(reading,exhibition,lecture)across four retrofitting schemes.An agent-based model was developed to delineate intricate human behaviors in space and examined the self-organizing behaviors of 30 agents for each scheme in every scenario,evaluating six metrics on spatial efficiency and visual experience.Calibrated models,derived from real data and processed through DesignBuilder software,evaluated three metrics:energy use,thermal comfort,and visual comfort.The research then incorporated metrics from the agent-based model and performance simulation to develop a method for discussing the decision-making process in retrofit strategies.The findings indicate that the optimal retrofitting solution for multifunctional spaces is heavily influenced by the distribution of usage scenarios.Given the substantial influence of space metrics on selecting the optimal retrofit scheme,the proposed framework effectively facilitates decision-making for building retrofits by providing a holistic evaluation of both spatial and energy criteria.

Literature Review of Single Machine Scheduling Problem with Uniform Parallel Machines

This paper presents a survey of single machine scheduling problem with uniform parallel machines. The single machine scheduling problem with uniform parallel machines consists of n jobs, each with single operation, which are to be scheduled on m parallel machines with different speeds. These parallel machines are also called proportional machines or related machines. There are several measures of performance which are to be optimized in uniform parallel machines scheduling. Since, this scheduling problem is a combinatorial problem;usage of a heuristic is inevitable to obtain solution in polynomial time. This paper gives a classification of the literatures of this scheduling problem in three major categories, viz. offline scheduling, online scheduling and miscellaneous scheduling. In total, the available literatures are classified into 17 subgroups. Under each of the first two categories, the available literatures are discussed under different groups based on different measures of performance and non-preemptive/preemptive nature of the jobs. In the last category, the literatures are discussed under three subgroups, namely non-preemptive jobs, preemptive jobs and periodic jobs.

Traffic Incident Management Performance Measures: Ranking Agencies on Roadway Clearance Time

This study develops a procedure to rank agencies based on their incident responses using roadway clearance times for crashes. This analysis is not intended to grade agencies but to assist in identifying agencies requiring more training or resources for incident management. Previous NCHRP reports discussed usage of different factors including incident severity, roadway characteristics, number of lanes involved and time of incident separately for estimating the performance. However, it does not tell us how to incorporate all the factors at the same time. Thus, this study aims to account for multiple factors to ensure fair comparisons. This study used 149,174 crashes from Iowa that occurred from 2018 to 2021. A Tobit regression model was used to find the effect of different variables on roadway clearance time. Variables that cannot be controlled directly by agencies such as crash severity, roadway type, weather conditions, lighting conditions, etc., were included in the analysis as it helps to reduce bias in the ranking procedure. Then clearance time of each crash is normalized into a base condition using the regression coefficients. The normalization makes the process more efficient as the effect of uncontrollable factors has already been mitigated. Finally, the agencies were ranked by their average normalized roadway clearance time. This ranking process allows agencies to track their performance of previous crashes, can be used in identifying low performing agencies that could use additional resources and training, and can be used to identify high performing agencies to recognize for their efforts and performance.

基于两阶段DEA-SFA模型的科学数据平台资源提供者服务效率研究——以国家生态科学数据中心为例

服务绩效评价是衡量国家科学数据平台发展质量的重要指标,效率测算为其提供重要依据。将国家生态科学数据中心资源提供者的服务过程分为资源服务和知识转化前后相关联的两个阶段,从投入产出要素的使用效率、科学资源的利用程度和用户感知的服务质量3个维度构建指标体系,利用两阶段数据包络分析-随机前沿方法(DEA-SFA)模型对43个资源提供者进行服务效率测算,并运用超效率模型对有效DMU做进一步区分和排名。结果表明:国家生态科学数据中心资源提供者在资源服务和知识转化阶段平均纯技术效率值分别为0.794和0.838,DEA有效站点数分别为12个和16个;在43个决策单元中,优秀资源提供者约占16%,一般资源提供者约占70%,较差资源提供者约占14%;另外,资源提供者的服务效率和地区经济发展水平具有一定关联性,东部地区表现优于中西部地区。基于上述研究结果,进而提出推动我国国家科学数据平台发展建设的相关对策建议。

融合表面肌电和姿势信息的轮椅绩效评价方法

目的为客观评价轮椅的使用效益,使用表面肌电设备测试轮椅使用过程中的肌电信号,并融合姿势信号IMU来构建人机评价模型。方法分别对轮椅的折叠、刹车方式及行驶坡度进行试验来评估轮椅的使用绩效,通过对比用力肌群间的疲劳状况来判定较为舒适的轮椅折叠及刹车方式。实验要求被试者在执行轮椅任务时,分别使用两种折叠方式和三种刹车方式不同的轮椅进行实验,并在操作动作任务过程中采集sEMG和IMU信号,在实验任务结束后填写NASA-TLX量表。结果根据模型的评价指标对实验数据进行了比较与分析,横向收折式折叠和凹口式刹车(手刹位于前方)的轮椅疲劳度低,在3~4°坡度范围下轮椅使用者的受力最小,较为舒适,从而验证了模型在轮椅人机评价上的可行性,为优化轮椅设计提供参考。结论人机评价模型适用于评估产品绩效,同时提出的融合表面肌电和姿势信息的轮椅绩效评价方法具有较高的精度和准确性,能够有效地评估轮椅使用者的绩效水平。

兼顾型高绩效工作系统的组态效应研究:一个链式中介模型

既有研究中,关于多导向实践的兼顾型高绩效工作系统(HPWS)尚在起步阶段,且其构成与内部交互效应的研究也较为缺乏。本研究基于工作要求—资源理论从组态视角探讨了兼顾型HPWS的承诺型与控制型子系统交互而成的不同组态对员工工作倦怠的影响,以及工作重塑和个人—工作匹配的链式中介作用。基于493份两个时点的纵向数据分析发现,承诺型子系统和控制型子系统对工作倦怠有不同影响,进而兼顾型HPWS的不同组态对工作倦怠的影响存在显著差异,并识别出有效组态(高承诺—高控制、高承诺—低控制)和无效组态(低承诺—高控制、低承诺—低控制),得出影响效果的排序;工作重塑和个人—工作匹配在上述关系间均表现出部分中介作用,并且存在以工作重塑和个人—工作匹配为中介变量的链式中介路径。

面向公共交通融合发展的城市地铁运营绩效评价方法

城市地铁是缓解城市交通拥堵、实现交通结构集约化的重要载体,但建设与运营成本大。特别在城市地铁大规模建设的背景下,公交客流颓势愈显。为此,面向城市地铁与公交的融合发展,在考虑地铁建设对公交客流负面作用的前提下,采用SBM(slacks-based measure)模型系统评价城市地铁的运营绩效。进而在连续时间截面下,通过GML(global Malmquist-Luenberger)指数持续跟踪地铁运营绩效的变化趋势。然后考虑城市经济发展、规模发展和私家车竞争等外部因素,利用Tobit模型分析其对城市地铁运营绩效的影响。基于2018—2021年我国31个城市的面板数据,采用含非期望产出的SBM模型测度各城市各年份的地铁运营绩效,发现规模大、客流强度高的城市地铁运营绩效通常更高;除2020年受疫情影响外,其余年份城市地铁运营综合技术效率和规模效率逐年上升,但纯技术效率逐年下降,对现有投入资源的利用率降低。地铁运营无效的城市主要表现为公交客流下降严重,亟须强化地铁与公交的融合发展。采用GML指数测算相邻年份间各城市地铁运营绩效的动态变化特性,发现我国城市地铁运营全要素生产率年均下降2.8%,主要归因于疫情阶段放缓了技术进步。Tobit模型进一步发现城市建成区面积对城市地铁运营绩效具有显著的正向作用。研究结果可在地铁与公交融合的背景下全面定位城市地铁的发展瓶颈,为提升轨道交通在城市公共交通中的引领及促进作用提供理论与方法基础。

基于卓越绩效模式测量分析改进方法对光罩静电损伤的改善研究

卓越绩效模式是企业经营管理成熟度模型,也是国家省市县区各级质量奖评审依据,其测量分析改进的方法可应用于企业的组织管理和质量改善方向。光罩(mask)又称掩膜版,由于光罩在无尘室环境中极化作用、摩擦、静电传导等原因,静电电荷会在光罩电路(pattern)铬膜上积聚,光罩不同电路所积聚电荷量不同从而形成电压差,电路之间电压差超过电路铬膜的击穿电压时,光罩电路会被静电击穿从而发生静电损伤。本文基于卓越绩效模式测量分析改进的方法,通过对光罩静电损伤分析研究,使用帕申定律、汤森放电理论和“5M1E”的理论,从产品设计开发和生产两方面提出改善光罩静电损伤对策,确定改进的绩效测量指标,提高产品质量,提高顾客满意度和忠诚度,降低返工成本。