Elemental powders of Cu and Fe were ball milled for various time durations up to 100 h. The various stages of forced alloying by ball milling, leading to instability of elemental crystalline phases and formation of qu...Elemental powders of Cu and Fe were ball milled for various time durations up to 100 h. The various stages of forced alloying by ball milling, leading to instability of elemental crystalline phases and formation of quasicrystalline phases were monitored using X-ray diffraction. Diffusion of Fe into the Cu matrix is proposed as the cause which triggers the instability of crystalline phases and leads to the formation of quasicrystalline phases after 10 h of milling. Milling for 100 h resulted in two different quasicrystalline phases with different lattice constants. Role of the nanocrystalline microstructure as an important criterion for the destabilisation of crystalline phases is explained. It is suggested that the formation of nanocrystalline microstructure and their subsequent transformation into quasicrystalline phases may be associated with a continuous increase in the disclination content of the system, which had formed as a result of continued milling and mechanical deformation.展开更多
Pollination networks are increasingly used to model the complexity of interactions between pollinators and flowering plants in communities.Different methods exist to sample these interactions,with direct observations ...Pollination networks are increasingly used to model the complexity of interactions between pollinators and flowering plants in communities.Different methods exist to sample these interactions,with direct observations of plant-pollinator contacts in the field being by far the most common.Although the identification of pollen carried by pollinators allows uncovering interactions and increasing sample sizes,the methods used to build pollen-transport networks are variable and their effect on network structure remains unclear.To understand how interaction sampling influences the structure of networks,we analyzed the pollen found on wild bees from eight communities across Mallorca Island and investigated the differences in pollen loads between bee body parts(scopa vs.body)and sexes.We then assessed how these differences,as well as the uncovered interactions not detected in the field,influenced the structure of wild bee-plant networks.We identified a higher quantity and diversity of pollen in the scopa than in the rest of the female body,but these differences did not lead to differences in structure between plant-pollination(excluding scopa pollen)and bee-feeding interaction(including scopa pollen)networks.However,networks built with pollen data were richer in plant species and interactions and showed lower modularity and specialization(H2'),and higher nestedness than visitation networks based on field observations.Female interactions with plants were stronger compared to those of males,although not richer.Accordingly,females were more generalist(low d')and tended to be more central in interaction networks,indicating their more key role structuring pollination networks in comparison to males.Our study highlights the importance of palynological data to increase the resolution of networks,as well as to understand important ecological questions such as the differences between plant-pollination and bee-feeding interaction networks,and the role of sexes in pollination.展开更多
The directing mechanisms of liquid directing agents of zeolite Y and zeolite L were studied by means of light transmission, ultracentrifugation, NMR, XRD and “cross-exchange” experiments. It was discovered that not ...The directing mechanisms of liquid directing agents of zeolite Y and zeolite L were studied by means of light transmission, ultracentrifugation, NMR, XRD and “cross-exchange” experiments. It was discovered that not only microcfystals of zeolites, but also cage structures of zeolites play the directing role for crystallization of zeolites.展开更多
Leucine-rich repeat kinase 1 （LRRK1） plays a critical role in regulating cytoskeletal organization, osteoclast activity, and bone resorption with little effect on bone formation parameters. Deficiency of Lrrkl in mi...Leucine-rich repeat kinase 1 （LRRK1） plays a critical role in regulating cytoskeletal organization, osteoclast activity, and bone resorption with little effect on bone formation parameters. Deficiency of Lrrkl in mice causes a severe osteopetrosis in the metaphysis of the long bones and vertebrae bones, which makes LRRK1 an attractive alternative drug target for the treatment of osteoporosis and other high-turnover bone diseases. This review recent advances on the functions of the Lrrkl-related family members, Lrrkl deficiency-induced skeletal phenotypes, LRRK1 structure-function, potential biological substrates and interacting proteins, and the mechanisms of LRRK1 action in osteoclasts.展开更多
Previous research has implicated the involvement of androgens in sex-role orientation in males, from studies of 2nd to 4th digit ratio (a purported marker of prenatal testosterone). The present pilot study investigate...Previous research has implicated the involvement of androgens in sex-role orientation in males, from studies of 2nd to 4th digit ratio (a purported marker of prenatal testosterone). The present pilot study investigates the relationship between salivary testosterone levels and sex-role orientation using Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI) scores in adult males. Twenty-one males (aged 18-24) completed the BSRI and provided saliva samples for assay. BSRI Femininity scores were significantly negatively correlated with testosterone levels;the higher the Femininity scores, the lower the testosterone levels. There was no relation of BSRI Masculinity scores with testosterone levels. Our preliminary results add to the research suggesting that sex-role orientation in males may be partially related to underlying hormone levels.展开更多
Objective To investigate role and mechanism of phosphate myosin light chain ( pMLC) in rat kidney of chronic allograft nephropathy ( CAN) model. Methods Left donor kidneys from Fisher ( F344) rats were ortho-topically...Objective To investigate role and mechanism of phosphate myosin light chain ( pMLC) in rat kidney of chronic allograft nephropathy ( CAN) model. Methods Left donor kidneys from Fisher ( F344) rats were ortho-topically transplanted into Lewis recipients,Meanwhile, F344 rats and LEW rats with resection of right展开更多
Objective To investigate the role of OX40 in the mechanisms of memory T cells in islet transplant tolerance. Methods The expression of OX40 on native, like memory and memory CD8 + T cells was detected by RT - PCR. Spl...Objective To investigate the role of OX40 in the mechanisms of memory T cells in islet transplant tolerance. Methods The expression of OX40 on native, like memory and memory CD8 + T cells was detected by RT - PCR. Splenic T ceels from B6 mice were injected into Rag - / - mice via the tail vein,and the Rag mice were divided into three groups ( n = 8 each) :展开更多
文摘Elemental powders of Cu and Fe were ball milled for various time durations up to 100 h. The various stages of forced alloying by ball milling, leading to instability of elemental crystalline phases and formation of quasicrystalline phases were monitored using X-ray diffraction. Diffusion of Fe into the Cu matrix is proposed as the cause which triggers the instability of crystalline phases and leads to the formation of quasicrystalline phases after 10 h of milling. Milling for 100 h resulted in two different quasicrystalline phases with different lattice constants. Role of the nanocrystalline microstructure as an important criterion for the destabilisation of crystalline phases is explained. It is suggested that the formation of nanocrystalline microstructure and their subsequent transformation into quasicrystalline phases may be associated with a continuous increase in the disclination content of the system, which had formed as a result of continued milling and mechanical deformation.
基金supported by the project CGL2017-89254-Rfinanced by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation,FEDER Funds and the Spanish State Research Agency,and by the project PRPPID2020-117863RB-100+3 种基金financed by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and the Spanish State Research Agency(MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033)supported by an ERASMUS+grant program of the European Unionsupported by a FPI predoctoral contract financed by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness,the Spanish Research Agency,and European Social Funds(FPI PRE2018-083185,Call 2018)supported by a Ramón y Cajal(RYC-2015-19034)contract from the Spanish Ministry of Science,Innovation and Universities,the Spanish State Research Agency,European Social Funds(ESF invests in your future)and the University of the Balearic Islands.Center of Excellence‘Maria de Maetzu'(2023-2027)to IMEDEA.
文摘Pollination networks are increasingly used to model the complexity of interactions between pollinators and flowering plants in communities.Different methods exist to sample these interactions,with direct observations of plant-pollinator contacts in the field being by far the most common.Although the identification of pollen carried by pollinators allows uncovering interactions and increasing sample sizes,the methods used to build pollen-transport networks are variable and their effect on network structure remains unclear.To understand how interaction sampling influences the structure of networks,we analyzed the pollen found on wild bees from eight communities across Mallorca Island and investigated the differences in pollen loads between bee body parts(scopa vs.body)and sexes.We then assessed how these differences,as well as the uncovered interactions not detected in the field,influenced the structure of wild bee-plant networks.We identified a higher quantity and diversity of pollen in the scopa than in the rest of the female body,but these differences did not lead to differences in structure between plant-pollination(excluding scopa pollen)and bee-feeding interaction(including scopa pollen)networks.However,networks built with pollen data were richer in plant species and interactions and showed lower modularity and specialization(H2'),and higher nestedness than visitation networks based on field observations.Female interactions with plants were stronger compared to those of males,although not richer.Accordingly,females were more generalist(low d')and tended to be more central in interaction networks,indicating their more key role structuring pollination networks in comparison to males.Our study highlights the importance of palynological data to increase the resolution of networks,as well as to understand important ecological questions such as the differences between plant-pollination and bee-feeding interaction networks,and the role of sexes in pollination.
基金Department of Envirenmental Medicine, Bethune University of Medical Sciences
文摘The directing mechanisms of liquid directing agents of zeolite Y and zeolite L were studied by means of light transmission, ultracentrifugation, NMR, XRD and “cross-exchange” experiments. It was discovered that not only microcfystals of zeolites, but also cage structures of zeolites play the directing role for crystallization of zeolites.
基金supported by National Institutes of Health grant AR066831-01ASBMR GAP grant to Weirong R Xingsupported by a senior research career scientist award from the Department of Veteran’s Affairs
文摘Leucine-rich repeat kinase 1 （LRRK1） plays a critical role in regulating cytoskeletal organization, osteoclast activity, and bone resorption with little effect on bone formation parameters. Deficiency of Lrrkl in mice causes a severe osteopetrosis in the metaphysis of the long bones and vertebrae bones, which makes LRRK1 an attractive alternative drug target for the treatment of osteoporosis and other high-turnover bone diseases. This review recent advances on the functions of the Lrrkl-related family members, Lrrkl deficiency-induced skeletal phenotypes, LRRK1 structure-function, potential biological substrates and interacting proteins, and the mechanisms of LRRK1 action in osteoclasts.
文摘Previous research has implicated the involvement of androgens in sex-role orientation in males, from studies of 2nd to 4th digit ratio (a purported marker of prenatal testosterone). The present pilot study investigates the relationship between salivary testosterone levels and sex-role orientation using Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI) scores in adult males. Twenty-one males (aged 18-24) completed the BSRI and provided saliva samples for assay. BSRI Femininity scores were significantly negatively correlated with testosterone levels;the higher the Femininity scores, the lower the testosterone levels. There was no relation of BSRI Masculinity scores with testosterone levels. Our preliminary results add to the research suggesting that sex-role orientation in males may be partially related to underlying hormone levels.
文摘Objective To investigate role and mechanism of phosphate myosin light chain ( pMLC) in rat kidney of chronic allograft nephropathy ( CAN) model. Methods Left donor kidneys from Fisher ( F344) rats were ortho-topically transplanted into Lewis recipients,Meanwhile, F344 rats and LEW rats with resection of right
文摘Objective To investigate the role of OX40 in the mechanisms of memory T cells in islet transplant tolerance. Methods The expression of OX40 on native, like memory and memory CD8 + T cells was detected by RT - PCR. Splenic T ceels from B6 mice were injected into Rag - / - mice via the tail vein,and the Rag mice were divided into three groups ( n = 8 each) :
