THE CLASSIFICATION AND PERIOD OF STATES FOR MARKOV CHAIN IN RANDOM ENVIRONMENT

This paper is a continuation of [8]. In Section 1, three kinds of communication are introdnced for two states and the relations among them are investigated. In Section 2, two kinds of period of a state are introdnced and it is obtained that the period is a 'class property',i.e. two states x and y belong to same class implies the period of x is equal to the period of y.

Effective dynamics and quantum state engineering by periodic kicks

We study the kick dynamics of periodically driven quantum systems,and provide a time-independent effective Hamiltonian with the analytical form to reasonably describe the effective dynamics in a long timescale.It is shown that the effective coupling strength can be much larger than the coupling strength of the original system in some parameter regions,which stems from the zero time duration of kicks.Furthermore,different regimes can be transformed from and to each other in the same three-level system by only modulating the period of periodic kicks.In particular,the population of excited states can be selectively suppressed in periodic kicks,benefiting from the large detuning regime of the original system.Finally,some applications and physical implementation of periodic kicks are demonstrated in quantum systems.These unique features would make periodic kicks become a powerful tool for quantum state engineering.

Wave Period Distributions in Non-Gaussian Mixed Sea States

The wave period probability densities in non-Gaussian mixed sea states are calculated by utilizing a transformed Gaussian process method. The transformation relating the non-Gaussian process and the original Gaussian process is obtained based on the equivalence of the level up-crossing rates of the two processes. A saddle point approximation procedure is applied for calculating the level up-crossing rates in this study. The accuracy and efficiency of the transformed Gaussian process method are validated by comparing the results predicted by using the method with those predicted by the Monte Carlo simulation method.

ON CRAFT OF SILK “KNITTING” CORDS OF WARRING STATES PERIOD IN JIANGLING

Seven pieces of silk braids excavated from Chu Tomb No.1 at M ashan in Jiangling are thoughtto belong to the knitting fabric.Their structures are double-stitched type,with a lining silk on theback side to fix the knitted threads;besides the traverse linking structure,there are alsomulti-structures by single jersey combined with traverse linking,the excavators declared.The au-thor of this paper believes that those cords can be classified as some intermediary between theknitwear and the needlework.They have the structure similar to certain kinds of knitting,crochetand embroidery,and can be duplicated through two different methods.The differences and similar-ities between these cords and the traditional hand-knitting or embroidery,as well as their originsare discussed.Photographs of the relic and the duplication are presented.

Scientific Investigation on Bronze Swords from Spring-Autumn and Warring States Period

1. Introduction The bronze swords were somewhat important in ancient China. Its alloy constituent analysishas been carried out by some scientist with modern technique. Afterwards, a series of work havebeen published. The main results are: (1) the sword materials are Pb-Sn-bearing bronze with tincontent at 15～19%; (2) it is cast alloy mainly; (3) the rhombus pattern on the sword of Yue King

Weak wide-band signal detection method based on small-scale periodic state of Duffing oscillator

The conventional Duffing oscillator weak signal detection method, which is based on a strong reference signal, has inherent deficiencies. To address these issues, the characteristics of the Duffing oscillator＇s phase trajectory in a small- scale periodic state are analyzed by introducing the theory of stopping oscillation system. Based on this approach, a novel Duffing oscillator weak wide-band signal detection method is proposed. In this novel method, the reference signal is discarded, and the to-be-detected signal is directly used as a driving force. By calculating the cosine function of a phase space angle, a single Duffing oscillator can be used for weak wide-band signal detection instead of an array of uncoupled Duffing oscillators. Simulation results indicate that, compared with the conventional Duffing oscillator detection method, this approach performs better in frequency detection intervals, and reduces the signal-to-noise ratio detection threshold, while improving the real-time performance of the system.

THE STATE COUNCIL DECIDES TO EXTEND THEIMPORT-DUTY EXEMPTION PERIOD FOR IMPORTS OF EQUIPMENT AND RAW MATERIALS BY ENTERPRISES WITH FOREIGN INVESTMENT

Recently the State Council decided to extend the period ofduty exemption for imports of equipment and raw materials by foreign-invested enterprises below US$30 million.In order to administrate import and export activities in light ofinternational practice and apply a unified, fair and standardizedpolicy toward import duties, the State Council, on December28,1995, decided to reform and adjust the policies of import duties by fairly significant reduction of the overall import tariff leveland elimination of preferences of import-duty exemption for mostimport items, which was also applicable to imports of equipmentand raw materials by foreign-invested enterprises set up since April1st, 1996. At the same time, with a view to maintaining the policycontinuity and relative stability, those enterprises established before March 31, 1996 were allowed an extended duty-exemptionperiod of one to two years for importation of equipment and rawmaterials(referring to construction materials, etc.) if such importswere below the value of their total investments, and for

基于精神情感状况导向的照护模式在重症颅脑损伤术后恢复期患者中的应用

目的 探讨基于精神情感状况导向的照护模式在重症颅脑损伤术后恢复期患者中的应用效果。方法 选取2020年2月至2023年2月湖南中医药高等专科学校附属第一医院100例重症颅脑损伤恢复期患者,以奇偶数法分为对照组和干预组,各50例。对照组于术后恢复期给予常规护理干预,干预组在对照组的基础上给予基于精神情感状况导向的照护模式干预,干预1个月。比较两组干预前后负面情绪[焦虑自评量表(SAS)及抑郁自评量表(SDS)]、日常生活活动能力[改良Barthel指数(MBI)]及认知功能[蒙特利尔认知评估量表(Mo CA)]。结果 干预后,两组SAS、SDS评分低于干预前,且干预组低于对照组(P<0.05);两组MBI、Mo CA评分高于干预前,且干预组高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 基于精神情感状况导向的照护模式可改善重症颅脑损伤术后恢复期患者的负面情绪,提高日常生活活动能力和认知功能。

湖北荆州张大冢战国楚墓出土青铜器的成分与金相研究

利用X射线荧光光谱仪(XRF)、金相显微镜对荆州市纪南镇雨台村张大冢战国墓地出土12件青铜器进行成分与金相分析。结果表明,12件青铜器分别为铅锡青铜、锡铅青铜和锡青铜3种材质,铅锡(或锡铅)青铜器普遍含铅量较高,青铜器多以铸造成形,铜盘均采用热锻加工技术。不同类型及使用功能的器物,其合金成分与金相组织存在明显差异。张大冢墓地作为战国中晚期的楚国下等级贵族家族墓地,出土青铜容器也多为素面薄壁,锈蚀较为严重,但其出土青铜器的合金配比、制作技术及机械性能均展现出战国中晚期楚国工匠已经拥有成熟的青铜合金、铸造以及加工技术,也揭示出当时工匠有意识地在青铜明器与实用器的合金技术上存在区别对待,为全面认识东周时期楚都纪南城青铜冶铸业的发展状况提供科学依据。

伍子胥治国理政思想述论

伍子胥不仅是春秋时期杰出的政治家、军事家,也是一位思想家,在治国理政方面提出了一系列的思想主张,包括顺应天道、和谐自然,德政为首、刑罚为辅,爱民安民、关爱民生,举贤与能、强调官德,发展经济、轻赋缓征,“从近制远”、破楚服越六个方面,并在吴国进行了具体实践,给社会、经济、军事各方面带来了深刻变化,从而为吴国参与争霸战争奠定了较为雄厚的物质基础。

正念减压疗法在大隐静脉曲张伴睡眠障碍患者围术期中的应用效果

目的探究正念减压疗法在大隐静脉曲张伴睡眠障碍患者围术期中的应用效果。方法选取2020年1月—2022年6月收治的90例大隐静脉曲张伴睡眠障碍,采用随机数字表法随机将其分为试验组和对照组2组各45例。试验组围术期在常规治疗基础上给予正念减压疗法,对照组围术期给予常规治疗。比较2组入院当天和出院当天应对方式(采用简易应对方式问卷评估)、心理状态[采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)及抑郁自评量表(SDS)评估]和睡眠质量[采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)评估],以及出院当天住院满意度。结果出院当天,2组积极应对评分、消极应对评分、SAS评分、SDS评分和PSQI评分均优于入院当天;试验组积极应对评分、消极应对评分、SAS评分、SDS评分、PSQI评分和住院满意度均优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论围术期实施正念减压疗法有助于改善大隐静脉曲张伴睡眠障碍患者应对方式、心理状态、睡眠质量,且患者住院满意度较高。

国际体育参与对民族国家意识的建构——基于民国时期中国参与远东运动会和奥运会的考察

20世纪初,中国在世界资本主义洪流的席卷下开启了构建现代民族国家的历程。受西方文化的影响,现代体育在清末民初传入中国之际即被引以为“救国强种”的有效途径,并与政治紧密结合。借助文献资料,运用史学研究的基本方法,基于中国在20世纪上半叶的远东运动会及奥运会参与史,发现在民国时期通过国际体育参与,包括收回国人体育领导权、积极参与国际体育竞争等,强化了中国的独立自主意识,推动了民众参与国家政治议程,塑造了国民的国家意识和民族认同,并借助远东运动会和奥运会在争取国际合法权益、表达国家立场及输出民族传统体育文化等行动中推进了作为现代民族国家的外交进程,表达了参与国际事务、融入国际社会的意愿。

抗战时期宜红茶复兴计划与国营体系的建立

晚清以来,在国际市场需求的带动和自身发展优势的基础上,宜红茶贸易兴起,区域茶业逐渐兴盛,并形成了“宜红茶”品牌。抗战时期,在国际国内局势和“中国茶业复兴计划”的影响下,“宜红复兴计划”被提出。中国茶叶公司、湖北省平价物品供应处茶叶部先后在宜红茶区投资设厂,推动了宜红茶区国营茶厂的建立与国营体系的发展,体现了传统商品经济在近代全球化趋势中的生存境遇与抉择,奠定了区域茶业社会经济的历史格局。

中原地区战国至西汉墓葬出土陶釜研究

本文通过系统聚类分析方法,对中原地区战国至西汉墓葬出土的陶釜进行了类型学研究,认为战国中期陶釜以一种特殊葬俗的形式出现在郑州地区,战国晚期开始陶釜迅速发展,分布范围变广,数量和类型明显增多,包含有郑韩文化、晋文化和秦文化三大系统。进入汉代,陶釜数量急剧减少,类型单一。陶釜在中原地区的发展历程与秦文化有密切的关系。

“犬”“豚”辨异——兼论勾践生育奖励政策中蕴含的性别观

传世名篇《勾践灭吴》中有关生育奖励的措施影响深远,但生男生女分别奖励犬豚的做法却广受争议,颇多分歧。从语言、历史、文化多角度辨析“犬”“豚”之异,明确先秦时期犬、豚同为重要肉食来源,但越人纵狗行猎,在越国,犬的地位高于豚;犬阳豚阴的动物阴阳观念乃汉人习气,并不适用于当时的越国;勾践分别奖励是出于犬、豚的不同文化蕴含,体现的是男尊女卑思想下男女分工的不同。勾践各尽其用的性别观对当今社会亦有借鉴启示意义。

春秋时期鲁公室公族作家群体与世族文学考论

在春秋时期政治生态逐渐完成由“王权”政治向“霸权(君权)”政治、“族权”政治、“庶人”政治渐次变革的历史进程中,就公族作家群体的构成成分而言,“孝族”“桓族”皆为春秋前期逐渐形成的早期世族,至春秋中期开始,“桓族”不仅在政治上逐渐开始专权,而且在文学创作方面成果亦非常突出,而“孝族”“庄族”“文族”及其他公族不仅在政治上被边缘化,在文学创作方面则亦渐次淡出;就公族作家群体的创作动机而言,完成了从维护公室为基本宗旨向认为公室“天禄不再”的转变,进而认可“三桓”专权;就其创作话语而言,以“礼”“德”“孝”为中心话语,彰显出“周礼尽在鲁矣”的文化氛围;就其理论体系建构而言,提出了“鬼道”“人道”之别说、“二德”说、“三德”说、“六德”说、“七德”说、“飨义以昭德”说、“吉德”“凶德”之别说、“男”“女”之别说、“立德”“立功”“立言”为“三不朽”说;就散文体类而言,以“议”体、“对”体为主,兼及“上书”体、“讼辞”体、“载书”体等文体。

基于在线特征库的非侵入式负荷特征提取方法

负荷特征是指负荷设备运行过程中具备某种统计规律的特殊标识,而包含负荷特征的数据库则是实现非侵入式负荷监测与分解的基本依据。对于纯阻性负荷设备,研究人员利用其运行状态切换过程中功率产生跃变的特点,可以准确提取相应状态下的负荷特征。然而,对非纯阻性设备,其负荷特征提取存在以下2个问题。问题1)运行状态切换过程中功率变化不显著,无法精准定位状态投切时刻点;问题2)负荷设备存在功率缓变化的运行状态,导致对应状态下的负荷特征不唯一,无法手动提取。为了解决非纯阻性设备负荷特征提取中存在的上述问题,提出一种基于在线特征库的非侵入式负荷特征提取方法,该方法分为2个阶段。第一阶段:基于负荷设备运行过程中的稳态周期电流数组建立在线特征库,通过改进Pearson相似系数构建滑窗函数,得到负荷设备运行时的周期电流数组与在线特征库的相似性,并同步判断在线特征库冗余性,实现负荷设备状态数据分割;第二阶段:计算在线特征库的特征矩阵,对特征矩阵进行K-means聚类分析,融合相似在线特征库,形成负荷设备的状态特征库,从而实现负荷设备特征电流数组的提取。在私人数据集和PLAID数据集上的测试结果证明,所提负荷特征提取方法在不同的用电场景下均有较好的鲁棒性。所提方法可大幅减少负荷特征提取阶段的人工参与,有利于缓解因负荷设备种类过多导致的负荷特征提取烦琐的问题,为后续建立负荷特征数据库提供了便利。

基于PSS+PXF的ISF高精度振荡器噪声分析模型

提出了一种基于PSS+PXF的ISF的相位噪声模型,用于预测振荡器的相位噪声。该模型相对传统的拉扎维模型考虑了振荡器的非线性时变特性,因此更加精确。通过仿真验证了该模型的有效性,基于PSS+PXF的ISF的相位噪声模型精度相比传统拉扎维模型提升200%以上。

战国时期铅钡硅酸盐制品相互关系的新思考

铅钡硅酸盐是中国古代费昂斯和玻璃制品的典型成分类型。本文首先明确了铅钡硅酸盐制品包含铅钡釉陶、铅钡釉砂、铅钡玻璃以及硅酸铜钡颜料四大类,并重点讨论前三者,强调不宜用“铅钡玻璃”指代铅钡硅酸盐制品。其后,文章整体梳理了战国时期铅钡硅酸盐制品的出土范围和存续时间。在此基础上,重新讨论了铅钡釉陶、铅钡釉砂、铅钡玻璃的关系问题,提出铅钡釉陶和铅钡釉砂都不是铅钡玻璃的先驱,三者在战国早期的出现更像是铅钡这种全新助熔剂在不同材质上的应用。

河北平山战国冶铁遗址初步调查

平山战国冶铁遗址位于河北省石家庄市平山县北白家岸村西侧,面积约47000 m^(2)。2022年7月对该遗址进行田野调查并获取炉渣、炉壁等冶金遗存。采用X射线荧光光谱分析仪(EDX)、扫描电镜及能谱分析(SEM-EDX)、金(矿)相观察等科学试验方法,对10个炉渣等样品进行检测分析,结合炉渣的化学成分和显微组织讨论该遗址的冶炼性质与技术特征。结果表明,该遗址为冶铁遗址,技术类型为生铁冶炼,炼铁渣属于钙硅铝系高钙炉渣。