Study on the Relationship between 5-HttLPR Gene and BDNF Gene Polymorphism and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Li and Han Nationality of Hainan Province

Objective: To investigate the correlation between 5-HTTLPR (5-and serotonin transporter linked polymer region) gene polymorphism and BDNF (brain derived neural factor) gene polymorphism and PTSD (post traumatic stress disorders) in Li and Han nationalities in Hainan Province. Methods: 167 Hainan Li PTSD patients, 141 Hainan Han PTSD patients and 158 healthy volunteers (control group) were investigated by ETI, caps, Toh, WCST, TMT and WAIS-RC. The polymorphisms of rs6265 locus of 5-HTTLPR and BDNF genes were detected by PCR (polymerase chain reaction) and page (polycylamide gel electrophoresis), and the correlation with PTSD was analyzed. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of PTSD. Results: The ETI score, total PTSD score and TMT time of Li PTSD patients were significantly higher than those of Han PTSD patients (P < 0.01). The comprehension, picture filling, picture arrangement, operation IQ and total IQ of WAIS-RC were significantly lower than those of Han PTSD patients (P < 0.01);The numbers of errors, TMT and Toh in WCST were significantly lower than those in Han PTSD patients (P < 0.01). There was no significant difference in the distribution of 5-HTTLPR genotype and allele between Li PTSD patients and control group (P > 0.05). SS genotype of 5-HTTLPR and (GA + AA) genotype of rs6265 locus may increase the risk of PTSD in Hainan Han population. AA and GA + AA genotypes at rs6265 locus may increase the risk of PTSD in Li population (P < 0.05). Among Li PTSD patients, the ETI score, PTSD total score, TMT time, Toh planning time and execution time of AA genotype at rs6265 locus were significantly higher than those of GG genotype;the total scores of comprehension and operation IQ, and Toh in WAIS-RC were significantly lower than those in GG genotype (P < 0.05). Among Han PTSD patients, the ETI score, PTSD total score and TMT time of SS genotype of 5-HTTLPR were significantly higher than those of LL genotype, and the comprehension, arithmetic and block diagram in WAIS-RC were significantly lower than those of LL genotype;The ETI score, PTSD total score and TMT time of patients with (GA + AA) genotype at rs6265 locus were also significantly higher than those of patients with GG genotype. The comprehension and block diagram in WAIS-RC were significantly lower than those of patients with GG genotype. The number of WCST errors in patients with AA genotype was significantly higher than those of patients with GG genotype, and the operational IQ in WAIS-RC was significantly lower than those of patients with GG genotype (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The LL genotype of 5-HTTLPR and the GG genotype of rs6265 locus are related to PTSD of Li and Han nationalities in Hainan, which are important protective factors for PTSD of Li and Han nationalities in Hainan.

Letter from Li Peng Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, To China Society for Human Rights Studies

China Society for Human Rights Studies, I would like to extend my warm greetings to the launch of your Human Rights magazine. Enjoying human rights fully is a lofty goal long pursued after by human race. Over the years when they carried out revolution, construction and reforms, the Chinese people have struggled indomitably and strived incessantly to achieve this goal. Progress made in this regard has caught worldwide attention. When struggling for, safeguarding, promoting and developing human rights, the Chinese people have always combined the universality prin-

Uplifting a Nation China’s 40 years of reform and opening up has brought tangible benefits to its people and the world

Beijing resident Li Zhangzhe, 58, still keeps a pair of sunglasses he bought nearly 40 years ago.

Chemical constituents from the leaves of Cerbera manghas

Objective:To study the chemical constituents in leaves of Cebera manghas.Methods:Chemical constituents were isolated by using various column chromatography and tho structures were elucidated on basis of physicochemical constants and spectral data analysis.Results:Nine compounds were obtained including p-hydroxybenzaldehyde(1),benzamide(2),n-hexadecane acid monoglyceride(3),loliolide(4),β-sitosterol(5),cerberin(6),neriifolin(7),cerleaside A(8), daucosterol(9).Conclusions:Compounds 1-4 are obtained from this genus for the first time.

Relation between hepatitis B virus genotypes and gene mutation of basic core promoter in Li nationality

Objective：To investigate the relation between hepatitis B virus（HBV） genotypes and the double mutation of A-to-T nucleotide（nt） 1762 and G-to-A nt 1764 in basic core promoter（BCP T1762/A1764） in patients of the Li nationality. Methods：Subjects were 125 HBV DNA positive patients that belong to the Li nationality on Hainan Island. HBV DNA genotype was determined by real time fluorimetry polymerase chain reaction. BCP T1762/A1764 mutation was performed using the direct sequencing method. Results：The prevalence rates of genotype B, genotype C, genotype D, genotype C and D mixed infection（genotype C＋D） and genotype B and D mixed infection （genotype B ＋C） were 31.20%, 53.60%, 12.00%, 2.40% and 0.80% respectively. Mutation frequencies in patients infected with HBV genotype C（58.21%） were significantly higher than in those infected with other genotypes （P 〈 0.01 ）. The serum viral load of the patients with genotype C（5.74_＋ 1.21） was also higher than that of those with genotype B（P 〈0.01）. Conclusion：The major genotypes in the Li nationality were genotype C and genotype B. The infection of genotype D and mixed infection also occurred in the Li nationality. Genotype C HBV has a higher replication rate, and the different degrees of pathogenecity among HBV genotypes may be related to BCP T1762/ A1764 mutation frequency.

Correlation Analysis of 5-<i>HTTLPR</i>Polymorphism and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Li and Han Nationalities of Hainan Province

Objective: To analyse the correlation of 5-HTTLPR gene polymorphism and PTSD in Li and Han nationalities of Hainan Province. Methods: Essen trauma inventory (ETI), clinician administered post-traumatic stress disorders scale, (CAPS), tower of Hanoi (TOH), wsiconsin card sorting test (WCST), trail making test (TMT) and wechsler adult intelligence scale revised China (WAIS-RC) were used to investigate patients with PTSD and healthy volunteers (control group). PCR and PPGE were used to detect the polymorphism of 5-HTTLPR gene and analyze its correlation with PTSD. Results: The ETI score, total PTSD score and TMT time of Li nationality patients with PTSD were significantly higher than those of Han nationality patients with PTSD, and the IQ of comprehension and operation in WAIS-RC was significantly lower than that of Han nationality patients with PTSD (P < 0.05). The ETI score, total PTSD score and TMT time of 5-HTTLPR genotype in Li nationality and Han nationality patients with PTSD were significantly higher than those of LL genotype, and the perception, calculation and block diagram in WAIS-RC were significantly lower than those of LL genotype patients (P Conclusions: The SS genotype can increase the risk of PTSD in Li nationality and Han nationality people in Hainan. LL genotype is associated with PTSD of Li and Han nationalities in Hainan, and is an important protective factor for PTSD of Li and Han nationalities in Hainan.

Correlation between plasma VEGFA expression level of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Li and Han nationalities in Hainan

Objective:To analyze the relationship between plasma vascular endothelial growth factor and patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Hainan Li and Han nationality, and the correlation between VEGFA and COPD after different stratification, to explore the significance of VEGFA in the diagnosis and treatment of Li people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Methods:249 patients with COPD were recruited in Hainan (109 cases of Li and 140 cases of Han), and 246 cases in the control group (89 cases of Li;157 cases of Han ) From July 2014 to March 2015, We measured plasma vascular endothelial growth factor protein levels ,and determined the expression difference of plasma VEGFA in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and healthy controls according to different races, genders, smoking status, etc., and analyzed the correlation between the expression of VEGFA in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Li and Han in Hainan.Conclusion:(1) In the Li population, the expression of VEGFA of COPD patients and healthy controls was lower than that of Han (P<0.05);(2) The causes of elevated VEGFA levels in the plasma of the Li population are: high BMI, advanced age, use of wood, hay,recent respiratory infections and AECOPD;(3) The causes of elevated VEGFA levels in plasma in Han population are: COPD, low education level, smoking age, repeated respiratory infection, family history of respiratory diseases, frequent coughing, recent respiratory infection and acute COPD Aggravation period;(4) In the AECOPD, the expression of VEGFA in plasma was higher than that in stable phase and control group;the expression of plasma VEGFA in stable phase of COPD was lower than that in the control group.

Correlation between plasma VEGFA expression level of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Li and Han nationalities in Hainan

Objective:To analyze the relationship between plasma vascular endothelial growth factor and patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Hainan Li and Han nationality, and the correlation between VEGFA and COPD after different stratification, to explore the significance of VEGFA in the diagnosis and treatment of Li people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Methods: 249 patients with COPD were recruited in Hainan (109 cases of Li and 140 cases of Han), and 246 cases in the control group (89 cases of Li;157 cases of Han ) From July 2014 to March 2015, We measured plasma vascular endothelial growth factor protein levels ,and determined the expression difference of plasma VEGFA in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and healthy controls according to different races, genders, smoking status, etc.,and analyzed the correlation between the expression of VEGFA in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Li and Han in Hainan.Conclusion:(1) In the Li population, the expression of VEGFA of COPD patients and healthy controls was lower than that of Han (P<0.05);(2) The causes of elevated VEGFA levels in the plasma of the Li population are: high BMI, advanced age, use of wood, hay,recent respiratory infections and AECOPD;(3) The causes of elevated VEGFA levels in plasma in Han population are: COPD, low education level, smoking age, repeated respiratory infection, family history of respiratory diseases, frequent coughing, recent respiratory infection and acute COPD Aggravation period;(4) In the AECOPD, the expression of VEGFA in plasma was higher than that in stable phase and control group;the expression of plasma VEGFA in stable phase of COPD was lower than that in the control group.

Village Elementary School Affecting the United Nations

EDITOR＇S NOTE： ＂Left-behind children＂ are children who have one parent or both parents working in another city while the children stay in the village. These children usually live with either one of their parents, relatives or family friends. Research shows that there are over 58 million left-behind children in China; 57.2 percent of them have one parent working in another city, 42,8 percent of the children have both parents working in another city,

海南黎族传统习惯规则的法治化思考

长期以来,海南黎族乡村已形成具有普遍约束力的传统习惯规则,在调适人际关系、村民纠纷、维护族内稳定及规范生活秩序等方面发挥着重要作用。从现实意义来看,黎族传统习惯规则背后所蕴含的法观念与时代要求和现代理念在一定程度上较为契合,有其存在的意义和价值。与此同时,部分不合时宜的传统习惯规则仍需进一步甄别和扬弃,应当纳入法治化轨道予以调适。

储能用锂离子电池安全评价标准现状

锂离子电池装机量不断增加,锂离子电池安全问题可能诱发储能系统的事故。为更好地开展储能用锂离子电池标准制修订工作,促进储能用锂离子电池产业高质量发展,调研产业发展概况,分析国内外储能用锂离子电池安全标准化现状。目前,国际电工委员会(IEC)、美国保险商实验室(UL)和国内相关标准化机构均已制定基础准入标准,但存在部分标准考核不全面,缺乏适用性的问题,此外,缺少安全等级评价相关标准。后续标准制修订时,应以有效评估储能用锂离子电池的安全性为目的,注重锂离子电池多方面的考核,以此助推储能产业高质量发展。

周代里制性质索隐

西周里之民居单位说和度制单位说各有依据,但各执一偏。从国家形态和社会结构层面考察,在西周宗族城邦时代,里是以宗族血缘关系为基础的民居单位和土地管理单位的统一体;里君由贵族担任,是国家政务官,既治民亦治地,而以治民为主。随着宗族城邦向领土国家转变,国野之别消弭,原隶属统治宗族由宗主支配的农夫、土地逐步隶属国家,里在国家行政结构中的地位下沉,“书社”即这一过程的历史体现,而非史家认为的农村公社。至战国,领土国家形成,宗族血缘关系从国家行政中剥离,新型户籍制度形成,国家直接控制编户和土地,以人量地、以地治民、人地合一控制体系法典化,里成为人地并治并以治民为主以保证国家赋役最大化的基层行政单位。西汉授田制瓦解,里蜕变为基层民居组织。

甘肃连城国家级自然保护区蝶类多样性及种-多度分布

为明确甘肃连城国家级自然保护区蝶类多样性及种-多度分布情况,采用样线法,共选定8条样线进行蝴蝶标本采集,并对保护区内不同生境蝴蝶的多样性及种-多度分布进行分析。结果显示:共采集标本998号,隶属7科60属102种。保护区内优势科主要为粉蝶科(Pieridae)与蛱蝶科(Nymphalidae);优势种主要集中在粉蝶科,包括箭纹绢粉蝶(Aporia procris)、绢粉蝶(Aporia crataegi)、秦岭绢粉蝶(Aporia tsinglingica)等。区系分析表明,保护区内古北种占34.31%,东洋种占19.61%,广布种占46.08%,其中广布种占主导地位。各样线的多样性指数表明,样线Ⅴ(森林-灌丛-草甸)的科级多样性指数、优势度指数、物种丰富度指数及个体数均为最高,样线Ⅲ(森林)的属级多样性指数最高,样线Ⅱ(森林-灌丛)均匀度指数、种级多样性指数最高。相似性结果表明:样线Ⅲ(森林)和样线Ⅷ(森林)的相似性系数最高(0.509 1),呈中等相似;样线Ⅱ(森林-灌丛)和样线Ⅳ(森林-灌丛),样线Ⅲ(森林)和样线Ⅳ(森林-灌丛)相似性系数分别为0.230 8、0.229 7,位于极不相似区间,其余样线之间皆处于中等不相似。种-多度分析显示,保护区蝶类总体呈对数级正态分布,而样线Ⅴ与样线Ⅲ与Preston对数正态模型的吻合度较高,且样线Ⅴ的拟合效果最佳。表明样线Ⅴ(森林-灌丛-草甸)的生境条件优于其他样线,蝶类对其具有较高适应性。总体来看,保护区内生境良好,结构稳定,有利于蝴蝶群落生存。但不同生境及人为干扰等因素是影响蝴蝶多样性的主要原因,应对保护区内生境加强保护,减少对环境的破坏,从而使得保护区内生物多样性保持稳定水平。

李贽民族观的四维向度探赜

李贽出任姚安知府时,力排边疆民族地区治理难题,以民计民生为念,通过多方面施政举措推动姚安政清民安。李贽为姚安留下治绩,同时也为历史留下李贽民族观这一文化遗产。“至人之治”是李贽民族观的主要内涵,“华夷无间”是李贽民族观形成的重要逻辑。李贽民族观体现“和合共生”这一中华优秀传统文化重要基因,具有丰富的当代价值。当下要从形成时代背景、主要内涵、逻辑意蕴、当代价值等4个维度把握李贽民族观,古为今用,守正创新,推动中华民族共同体建设。

元代文人的长江记忆建构及其文化认同——以“长江万里图”题咏为例

“长江万里图”题咏自宋发端,入元为盛。元代文人在题咏“长江万里图”的实践中实现了长江记忆的建构,包括宋末元初长江所蕴含的遗民兴亡反思和元廷经制长江的战略思想,以及在诗人与读者协同作用下凝定的关于长江经历、想象、文化的地理意象。元代文人“长江万里图”书写中的乘船上扬州、骑鹤上扬州和“扬州梦”的典故运用,从现实描述、文学想象以及文化记忆三个层面,塑造了扬州意象。“长江万里图”作为想象与实践的共同体,对它的题咏成为元代南北文人长江文化认同的媒介。在长江记忆的统摄之下,形成了元代文人的长江文化认同,分别是对隐逸文化和对大元气象的认同。长江文化认同反映了大一统时期元朝文人的中华民族共同体意识,此意识在元亡后短暂地表现为对故乡的归属感,随即汇入下一个一统时代的洪流。

海南黎族藤编艺术之工艺探微

海南黎族民间传统藤编艺术历史悠久,黎族藤编器物类型丰富、用途广泛、外观精美、技艺独特,文化价值与艺术价值较高。想要更好地保护与传承海南黎族藤编非遗传统手工艺不仅仅需要深入了解其起源与发展,还需要探究工艺设计、编织技巧等。本文在收集和整理了大量藤编实物的基础上,对其进行艺术鉴赏和整理,绘制了藤编器物的具体编织技法,力图对黎族藤编技艺的了解进一步完善和深化,同时为后期研究黎族藤编技艺在当代服饰品设计中的创新应用打下基础。

论李大钊的“第三新文明”构想及其现实意义

近代,由于东方文明“衰颓于静止之中”,而西方文明又“疲惫于物质之下”,东西方文明都存在着不同程度的缺陷,于是当时的中国迫切需要一种崭新的文明来改变这一被动的局面。1917年俄国十月革命的爆发使得李大钊深受启发,再加上马克思主义在中国的广泛传播,李大钊有针对性地提出了“第三新文明”的构想。一方面,李大钊强调我们既要继承和发展中华优秀传统文化,也要吸收和借鉴西方先进社会文明,从而能够调和与融通东西方文明之长处;另一方面,其“第三新文明”构想的传播具有重要的现实意义,不仅可以厚植当代青年文化自信之底气,还可以真正发挥“两个结合”的现实指引,从而不断推动中华民族现代文明之发扬,实现中华民族的伟大复兴梦。

黎族服饰纹样在现代服装设计中的创新性应用

作为中国少数民族之一,海南黎族服饰纹样承载着深厚的历史沉淀和文化底蕴,具有重要的应用价值。对黎族服饰纹样进行深入研究,对色彩和构图特征进行总结,可以更好地将其应用到现代服装设计中,实现有效传承和创新,进一步推动黎族服饰的现代性发展。

黎族独生子女在大五人格与黎族大学生适应性之间的调节作用

为了探究大五人格对黎族大学生适应性的影响,并考察独生子女在两者间的调节作用,采用大五人格问卷和大学生适应性量表对460名黎族大学生进行调查研究。结果显示(1)神经质能负向预测黎族学生的适应性(β=-1.47,t=-6.21,P<0.001),独生子女起调节作用(β=0.52,t=4.16,P<0.001),即相对非独生子女而言,神经质特征越明显,独生子女的适应性越差;(2)尽责性能正向预测黎族学生的适应性(β=0.59,t=2.74,P<0.01),独生子女起调节作用(β=-0.24,t=-2.04,P<0.05),即相对非独生子女而言,尽责性特征越明显,独生子女的适应性越强。黎族父母在培养独生子女的人格特征时,须减弱神经质特征和增强尽责性特征,以提高其适应性。

李维汉社会主义民族思想对铸牢中华民族共同体意识的实践指导

李维汉关于民族工作的理论与实践对新中国的民族工作具有奠基性作用。深刻总结李维汉处理民族工作的理论成果与实践经验,科学把握我国民族工作发展规律,对于新形势下铸牢中华民族共同体意识、推进我国民族团结进步事业具有重大现实意义。