Personal glucose meters coupled with signal amplification technologies for quantitative detection of non-glucose targets:Recent progress and challenges in food safety hazards analysis

Ensuring food safety is paramount worldwide.Developing effective detection methods to ensure food safety can be challenging owing to trace hazards,long detection time,and resource-poor sites,in addition to the matrix effects of food.Personal glucose meter(PGM),a classic point-of-care testing device,possesses unique application advantages,demonstrating promise in food safety.Currently,many studies have used PGM-based biosensors and signal amplification technologies to achieve sensitive and specific detection of food hazards.Signal amplification technologies have the potential to greatly improve the analytical performance and integration of PGMs with biosensors,which is crucial for solving the challenges associated with the use of PGMs for food safety analysis.This review introduces the basic detection principle of a PGM-based sensing strategy,which consists of three key factors:target recognition,signal transduction,and signal output.Representative studies of existing PGM-based sensing strategies combined with various signal amplification technologies(nanomaterial-loaded multienzyme labeling,nucleic acid reaction,DNAzyme catalysis,responsive nanomaterial encapsulation,and others)in the field of food safety detection are reviewed.Future perspectives and potential opportunities and challenges associated with PGMs in the field of food safety are discussed.Despite the need for complex sample preparation and the lack of standardization in the field,using PGMs in combination with signal amplification technology shows promise as a rapid and cost-effective method for food safety hazard analysis.

Personality Traits, Thinking Styles, and Emotional Intelligence in Nursing, towards Healthcare Providers’ Characterization and Safer Patient Care

Background: This study explored nursing personality traits (Big Five Inventory BFI), emotional intelligence (EI), and thinking styles (Rational, RS, and Experiential, ES) together with demographic data to see how they could relate and the implication of this on nurses and patient safety. Design: A cross-sectional study. Methods: Nursing sample (n = 435). Participants completed a self-report online survey, which included demographic information, followed by questionnaires to measure personality traits, thinking styles, and emotional intelligence. Results: Spearman’s rank correlation was computed to assess the relationship between EI and Extraversion;there was a moderate positive correlation between the two variables, r = 0.487, p r = 0.731, p r = 0.723, p r = -0.666, p r = 0.467, p Conclusion: Different studies consolidated each other, and all converge and channel into the concept of characterization of healthcare providers for better support to them and safer patient care. EI correlated with all BFI components, and both positively impacted all desirable behaviors. Therefore, it would be valuable if organizations invested in increasing EI in their providers as it might highlight areas for improvement and equip providers with appropriate and advantageous coping strategies.

Minerals in edible insects:a review of content and potential for sustainable sourcing

In response to the rapid increase in world population and subsequent demands for food,edible insects represent an alternative food source for humans that is rich in proteins,amino acids and minerals.Entomophagy is a tradition in many countries including China and Thailand,and edible insects have attracted a lot of attention in Western World due to their suitable nutrient composition,high mineral content(e.g.,Fe,Zn,Ca,Mg)and potential use as a supplement in human diet.In this study,we surveyed mineral content in seven insect orders and 67 species of mass produced and wild-harvested edible insects.The total content of essential elements in edible insects was very high in Tenebrio molitor,Bombyx mori,and Zonocerus variegatus.The heavy metal content(summarized for eight species)was below the maximum limit allowed for safe consumption.Sustainable supply of minerals derived from insect biomass is complicated due to the high variations of mineral content in insects and the potential of its change due to processing.

Longwall mining,shale gas production,and underground miner safety and health

This paper presents the results of a unique study conducted by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health(NIOSH)from 2016 to 2019 to evaluate the effects of longwall-induced subsurface deformations on shale gas well casing integrity and underground miner safety and health.At both deep-cover and shallow-cover instrumentation sites,surface subsidence measurements,subsurface inplace inclinometer measurements,and underground pillar pressure measurements were conducted as longwall panels were mined.Comparisons of the deep-cover and shallow-cover test site results with those from a similar study under medium cover reveal an interesting longwall-induced response scenario.Under shallow and medium covers,measured horizontal displacements within the abutment pillar are one order of magnitude higher than those measured under deep cover.On the other hand,measured vertical compressions under deep cover are one order of magnitude higher than those under shallow and medium covers.However,FLAC3 Dsimulations of the casings indicate that,in all three cases,the P-110 production casings remain intact under longwall-induced deformations and compressions,which has serious implications for future mine design in areas where shale gas wells have been drilled ahead of mining.

Integrative therapy for personality disorders: Experiences in developing integrative approaches for treatment-refractory personality-disordered clients

Personality Disordered (herein referred to as PD) clients are challenging to statutory mental healthcare programmes. They can be difficult to diagnose: their disorders can be obscured by second-order problems such as anxiety and depression, caused by PD cognitive processes. Treatment-as-usual (the predominant model of psychiatric intervention) for PD clients in crisis tends to focus on these second-order presentations, but provide no means of identifying underlying PD. The purpose of this paper is to describe how heuristic methods of diagnosis can be used to reframe the client’s distress in the context of personality disorders (according to DSM-IV criteria), and how subsequent application of integrative therapies can break their cycle of recidivism. Method: Two case studies of treatment-refractory individuals with cyclical patterns of crisis-point service engagement for self-harm or psychotic depression where heuristic/ integrative therapies were used. Results: The use of integrative therapies in the case studies presented resulted in a marked change in recidivism and quality of life for each client, as measured by a significant reduction in presentation of symptoms and hypervigilance. Discussion: By understanding the maladaptive cognitive-behavioural processes of PD clients, they can be modified to reduce the client’s self-defeating behavioural patterns, breaking the cycle of recidivism. However, a new diagnostic strategy must first be formulated that looks at the clients past use of mental health services to detect underlying PD.

Real-Time Safety Helmet Detection Using Yolov5 at Construction Sites

The construction industry has always remained the economic and social backbone of any country in the world where occupational health and safety(OHS)is of prime importance.Like in other developing countries,this industry pays very little,rather negligible attention to OHS practices in Pakistan,resulting in the occurrence of a wide variety of accidents,mishaps,and near-misses every year.One of the major causes of such mishaps is the non-wearing of safety helmets(hard hats)at construction sites where falling objects from a height are unavoid-able.In most cases,this leads to serious brain injuries in people present at the site in general and the workers in particular.It is one of the leading causes of human fatalities at construction sites.In the United States,the Occupational Safety and Health Administration(OSHA)requires construction companies through safety laws to ensure the use of well-defined personal protective equipment(PPE).It has long been a problem to ensure the use of PPE because round-the-clock human monitoring is not possible.However,such monitoring through technological aids or automated tools is very much possible.The present study describes a systema-tic strategy based on deep learning(DL)models built on the You-Only-Look-Once(YOLOV5)architecture that could be used for monitoring workers’hard hats in real-time.It can indicate whether a worker is wearing a hat or not.The proposed system usesfive different models of the YOLOV5,namely YOLOV5n,YOLOv5s,YOLOv5 m,YOLOv5l,and YOLOv5x for object detection with the support of PyTorch,involving 7063 images.The results of the study show that among the DL models,the YOLOV5x has a high performance of 95.8%in terms of the mAP,while the YOLOV5n has the fastest detection speed of 70.4 frames per second(FPS).The proposed model can be successfully used in practice to recognize the hard hat worn by a worker.

Effects of Use and Re-Use of Selected Vegetable Oils on the Proximate, Minerals, Mineral Ratios and Mineral Safety Index of Raw and Fried Plantain Chips: Note I

Raw and fried plantain chips obtained from the use and re-use of olive, refined palm olein and coconut oils were investigated for the proximate, mineral compositions, computed mineral ratios and the mineral safety index using standard analytical methods. For the selected oils (both use and re-use): first and second re-use and the fresh plantain chips (unprocessed plantain chips;UPC) had the following range results: proximate composition (%) (moisture: 8.20 - 12.3, crude protein: 9.70 - 8.60, fat: 7.40 - 12.9, fibre: 3.50 - 4.90, ash: 2.80 - 3.80 and carbohydrates: 63.5 - 64.8), % energy contributions (PEC: 63.4 - 70.8, PEF: 20.2 - 28.6, PEP: 8.03 - 9.66, UEDP: 4.49 - 5.08). The mineral composition (mg/100g) of the samples had the following greater than 80.0: Ca, Mg, K and P;Fe, Cu, Mn and Zn recorded values ranging between 1.00 and 4.00;Co, Se and Ni had their concentrations between 0.00 and 0.0363 whereas Pb and Cd recorded levels lower than 0.0006. In the mineral ratios, only K/(Ca + Mg) values fell within the acceptable ideal range. No MSI aberration was observed for the minerals from all the samples obtained from the various oils. The chi-square analysis showed that on parameter wise comparisons, there were no significant differences among the levels as treated based on the various oils except gross energy, Mg, K, P, Ca/P, Fe/Pb and K/Co. Also on pairwise comparison from linear correlation and regression, all these parameters were significantly different at r = 0.01 between the unprocessed and fried plantain samples: proximate, percentage energy distribution, mineral and mineral ratios. Generally, the first (day) frying showed fairly high nutrient concentration than the first and second re-use oils products. Therefore, for optimum nutrient preservation from fried plantain chips re-use of oil for frying should be sparingly allowed. However, olive showed highest level of nutrients in terms of proximate and mineral compositions.

Comparative Assessment of the Proximate, Mineral Composition and Mineral Safety Index of Peel, Pulp and Seeds of Cucumber (<i>Cucumis sativus</i>)

Cucumber (Cucumis sativus) is a creeping vine that bears cylindrical fruits. It belongs to the gourd family cucurbitacea. It is popularly consumed in all parts of Nigeria. The comparative assessment of proximate, mineral composition and mineral safety index (MSI) of cucumber (peel, pulp and seeds) was determined using standard analytical methods (Association of Official Analytical Chemists) for proximate, minerals composition and mineral safety index. Results showed protein content of (15.9 - 26.5) g/100 g, Carbohydrates (33.7 - 52.7) g/100 g, crude fat (0.13 - 1.44) g/100 g, moisture (12.3 - 21.7) g/100 g and ash (7.85 - 11.6) g/100 g respectively. The calorific values were 1077, 1171 and 1296 kJ/100 g for peel, pulp and seed respectively. Considerable levels of essential and trace elements were observed in the samples. The Na/K ratio (0.25 - 0.36) was close to 0.6, which does not promote high blood pressure in man. The Ca/Mg values obtained were less than the recommended value of 1.0. The milliequivalent ratios of [K/(Ca + Mg)] (3.91 - 4.48) were comparably higher than the recommended value of 2.2 which means the sample would promote hypomagnesaemia in man. The mineral safety indexes of Fe, Na, Ca, Zn, Cu and Mg of the samples (peel, pulp and seeds) indicate no overloading in the body if consumed. The results showed that all the parts of Cucumis sativus are good potentials of nutrients for human consumption.

非正式互动对新生代矿工不安全行为的影响

为了明晰非正式互动对新生代矿工不安全行为的影响机理,引入知识共享和安全胜任力这两个中介变量,在文献研究的基础上,建立非正式互动、知识共享、安全胜任力、不安全行为四者关系的假设模型。采用非正式互动量表、知识共享量表、安全胜任力量表和不安全行为量表,使用问卷调查法收集数据,通过各变量的相关分析和中介效应检验验证假设模型;同时,通过人员访谈,深入了解矿工们对于非正式互动、知识共享和安全胜任力的看法。研究显示:非正式互动会对新生代矿工的不安全行为产生直接影响,并且可以通过知识共享的中介作用、安全胜任力的中介作用以及二者的链式中介作用3条路径间接影响矿工的不安全行为。人员访谈结果显示,与领导和同事的互动可激发安全责任感,知识共享能增强危险源识别能力,安全胜任力可以在非正式互动中培养。企业应重视新生代矿工与他人之间的非正式互动,提升知识共享水平和安全胜任力,减少不安全行为。

校企合作模式下个人安全防护实验室及实验课程建设

为了适应工程教育专业认证,我校与企业合作共建了国内高校首个个人安全防护实验室,并共建校企合作实验课程。对实验室建设和校企合作实验课程的教学形式、教学内容、教学方法及其建设成效进行了阐述。

人格特质对航线飞行员安全能力影响研究

采用修订后的大五人格量表测量飞行员的人格特质;通过飞行任务分析,将航线飞行员安全能力划分为专业技术、综合管理、安全观念、心理品质4类,并据此设计了航线飞行员安全能力量表。提出了航线飞行员安全能力与人格特质间的假设关系模型。然后向航线飞行员发放调查问卷,收集到212份相关自评数据。最后使用AMOS26.0软件计算模型得出宜人性对专业技能的影响最大;神经质对综合技能的影响最大;尽责性对安全观念的影响最大;开放性对心理品质的影响最大。

智慧餐饮4.0:融合人工智能的未来餐饮发展新方向

餐饮业在我国经济社会具有重要地位,随着社会的发展及人工智能的应用,餐饮业正向着多元化、专业化、智能化的方向发展。梳理了我国餐饮行业的发展历程,分析了智慧餐饮4.0的内涵和外延,并系统阐述了相关新型食品科学技术与人工智能技术在该领域的应用趋势。计算机视觉等技术结合深度学习算法等手段实现了原料的品质分级;数字孪生技术不仅可以将上千种电子菜谱转化为工艺参数,而且可模拟烹饪大师烹饪技艺,将中国特色烹饪技法用于机器人烹饪;协同过滤推荐算法、自然语言处理、人脸识别等技术的应用,可对顾客身份信息快速识别,实现个性化膳食推荐。总结了智慧餐饮的现状和主要技术手段,并展望了未来发展方向,即以健康为导向、以美味为基础、以文化为内核,以期为餐饮行业的进一步发展提供参考。

基于“2-4”模型的高校火灾原因分析——以2000—2022年143起高校火灾事故为样本

为预防高校火灾,对2000—2022年143起高校火灾事故进行统计,通过行为安全“2-4”模型进行火灾原因分析,得出直接导致事故的是电器使用不当等19项不安全动作与线路故障等4项不安全物态,间接导致事故的是电器使用习惯不佳等20项习惯性不安全行为,根本上导致事故的是4项安全管理体系的欠缺,根源上导致事故的是9项安全文化元素欠缺和6项安全文化建设不足。根据分析结果,从加强消防安全知识教育培训、健全消防安全管理制度和多样化进行安全文化建设3方面提出高校火灾预防对策。

基于SNA的煤矿工人安全信息认知影响因素研究

大多数煤矿事故是由人的不安全行为导致的,而人的不安全行为是煤矿工人安全信息认知水平力低下造成的。为预防和控制煤矿工人在安全信息认知失效下引发的煤矿安全事故,通过分析我国近年典型的煤矿事故案例,确定影响煤矿工人安全信息认知的3个一级指标和15个二级指标,并利用社会网络分析法构建煤矿工人安全信息认知网络;通过对安全信息认知因素进行整体网络密度、个体网络密度、节点的度数中心度、节点的中间中心度、关键影响因素和重要影响路径,得出辨识理解能力、安全知识等5个关键影响因子,并识别出关键影响路径。

生成式人工智能对个人信息权益的侵害风险及其法律规制

生成式人工智能的开发与应用可分为“海量数据的收集”“海量数据的训练”“模型的重复迭代”以及“模型的应用”四个阶段。生成式人工智能的开发模式可分为“独立开发模式”“用户参与模式”以及“开源提供模式”三种。生成式人工智能对个人信息权益的侵害风险主要包括:个人信息的非法收集与处理、已公开个人信息的不合理使用、用户生成信息的非法再处理以及个人信息泄露或非法保留。相应的规制路径可基于以下两个方面展开:在宏观上,应坚持包容审慎监管理念以及敏捷治理理念;在微观上,具体的规制方案应着眼于生成式人工智能的不同开发模式,明确不同主体的个人信息合规处理要求以及应承担的个人信息保护义务。

选矿厂安全事故分析及预防对策

选矿是富集有用矿物的一种系统工程,工艺流程复杂,常常采用大型机械设备,生产过程中安全事故频发。为了降低选矿厂的安全事故,对全国5家典型选矿厂2017—2022年事故进行统计分析。选矿厂生产过程中的不安全因素主要有物体打击、机械伤害、粉尘、噪声、放射性危害、灼伤、中毒、高处坠落、淹溺等。除上述可能的危险性因素外,同时还存在起重伤害、触电和窒息等危险有害因素。表明选矿厂安全事故重心已经从工艺安全事故转移到机械设备事故方向,而机械事故因素主要仍是由人因造成。因此,运用4M要素和5S管理对不安全的因素提出了预防的对策,以期降低安全事故的发生。

“人盯人+”基层消防安全治理模式探索与研究

基层消防安全历来是火灾防控工作的短板弱项,本文提出了“人盯人+”基层消防安全综合治理模式,即融入政府基层治理体系,从明确基层网格消防联防联控职责、建强基层消防所建设、规范乡镇消安委运行机制入手,整合“三个条线”消防职能,建成“人盯人+”五级基层消防安全综合治理网格,发挥“一人盯一片、一级盯一级”的精准管控优势,实现基层消防治理体系更加健全、管控更加精准、共享共治更加顺畅。在国内基层乡镇火灾高发地区实行,可有效提升基层消防安全治理效能。

塔吉克斯坦能源和矿业领域发展现状及中塔安全发展合作建议

塔吉克斯坦与中国相邻,是最早支持共建“一带一路”的国家之一,基于两国的工业发展现状,能源与矿业领域的安全发展合作有利于双方经济社会的健康发展与稳定。塔吉克斯坦能源和矿产资源丰富,但总体开发程度较低,开发潜力巨大。详细介绍了塔吉克斯坦能源矿产领域发展与对外合作现状,阐述了其能源矿业领域的安全治理模式,分析了能源矿业领域尤其是煤炭开采方面的未来需求;从矿业领域安全监管监察、煤矿开采安全生产、能源矿业开发、绿色矿山建设等方面,提出未来中国与塔吉克斯坦在能源矿业领域的安全发展合作建议,以助力构建中塔世代友好、休戚与共、互利共赢的命运共同体。

吉尔吉斯斯坦能源矿业领域发展现状及中吉安全合作展望

吉尔吉斯斯坦与中国毗邻,是“一带一路”倡议的重要地区和关键节点。吉尔吉斯斯坦能源和矿产资源丰富,但总体开发程度较低,开发潜力巨大。分析了吉尔吉斯斯坦能源矿产资源开发与对外合作现状,阐述了其能源矿业领域的安全治理模式,从建立技术合作与知识共享机制、构建合规与规范管理体系、加强安全技术与装备合作、推动环境保护与可持续发展等方面提出未来中国与吉尔吉斯斯坦在能源矿业领域的安全发展合作建议,助力构建中吉命运共同体。

公共安全治理转型下的个人信息法律保护困境与出路

党的二十大报告指出,要“推动公共安全治理模式向事前预防转型”。治理转型的前提之一是海量个人信息数据的聚合、挖掘以及建模分析。同时,治理转型又对个人信息法律保护带来新的挑战,具体表现在法律规则不完全适配、治理主体协同不充分、法律监督有待强化等方面。为应对挑战,有必要优化知情同意规则和目的限制原则的适用,打通行政体系内部信息流转通道并控制社会协同治理带来的风险,多措并举强化法律监督,最终达到事前预防治理与个人信息保护的平衡。