Mixed neuroendocrine and adenocarcinoma of gastrointestinal tract:A complex diagnosis and therapeutic challenge

In this editorial we comment on the manuscript describing a case of adenocarcinoma mixed with a neuroendocrine carcinoma of the gastroesophageal junction.Mixed neuroendocrine and non-neuroendocrine neoplasms of the gastrointestinal system are rare heterogeneous group of tumors characterized by a high malignant potential,rapid growth,and poor prognosis.Due to the rarity of these cancers,the standard therapy is poorly defined.The diagnosis of these tumors is based on combination of morphological features,immunohistochemical and neuroendocrine and epithelial cell markers.Both endocrine and epithelial cell components can act independently of each other and thus,careful grading of each component separately is required.These cancers are aggressive in nature and the potential of each component has paramount importance in the choice of treatment and response.Regardless of the organ of origin,these tumors portend poor prognosis with increased proportion of neuroendocrine component.Multidisciplinary services and strategies are required for the management of these mixed malignancies to provide the best oncological outcomes.The etiopathogenesis of these mixed tumors remains obscure but poses interesting question.We briefly discuss a few salient points in this editorial.

Dendroclimatological study of Sabina saltuaria and Abies faxoniana in the mixed forests of the Qionglai Mountains,eastern Tibetan Plateau

Tree-ring chronologies were developed for Sabina saltuaria and Abies faxoniana in mixed forests in the Qionglai Mountains of the eastern Tibetan Plateau.Climate-growth relationship analysis indicated that the two co-exist-ing species reponded similarly to climate factors,although S.saltuaria was more sensitive than A.faxoniana.The strong-est correlation was between S.saltuaria chronology and regional mean temperatures from June to November.Based on this relationship,a regional mean temperature from June to November for the period 1605-2016 was constructed.Reconstruction explained 37.3%of the temperature variance during th period 1961-2016.Six major warm periods and five major cold periods were identified.Spectral analysis detected significant interannual and multi-decadal cycles.Reconstruction also revealed the influence of the Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation,confirming its importance on climate change on the eastern Tibetan Plateau.

Understanding the Relationship Between Shrinking Cities and Land Prices:Spatial Pattern,Effectiveness,and Policy Implications

Urban shrinkage has emerged as a widespread phenomenon globally and has a significant impact on land,particularly in terms of land use and price.This study focuses on 2851 county-level cities in China in 2005–2018(excluding Hong Kong,Macao,Taiwan,and‘no data’areas in Qinhai-Tibet Plateau)as the fundamental units of analysis.By employing nighttime light(NTL)data to identify shrinking cities,the propensity score matching(PSM)model was used to quantitatively examine the impact of shrinking cities on land prices,and evaluate the magnitude of this influence.The findings demonstrate the following:1)there were 613 shrinking cities in China,with moderate shrinkage being the most prevalent and severe shrinkage being the least.2)Regional disparities are evident in the spatial distribution of shrinking cities,especially in areas with diverse terrain.3)The spatial pattern of land price exhibits a significant correlated to the economic and administrative levels.4)Shrinking cities significantly negatively impact on the overall land price(ATT=–0.1241,P<0.05).However,the extent of the effect varies significantly among different spatial regions.This study contributes novel insights into the investigation of land prices and shrinking cities,ultimately serving as a foundation for government efforts to promote the sustainable development of urban areas.

Performance analysis of the tight combination of GPS, BDS, GALILEO, and QzsS mixed frequencies signals

With the gradual development and modernization of satellite navigation systems,using observation information from multi-GNss has become one of the hot-spot issues in recent years.Multi-system loose combinations form double-difference observation equations within their respective systems,and the positioning effect is improved.However,the interchangeability and compatible interoperability between global navigation satellite systems(GNSS)cannot be truly realized.At the same time,when the number of visible satellites decreases abruptly,the positioning performance deteriorates sharply.This paper focuses on the GNsS multi-system tight combination relative positioning technique,gives a mathe-matical model of multi-system tight combination relative positioning considering differential inter-system bias(DISB),and analyzes the time-varying characteristics of DISB at overlapping and non-overlapping frequencies among GPS/Galileo,GPS/BDS,and GPS/QZSS in terms of receiver brand,tem-perature,and receiver restart.The GNsS tight combination relative positioning performance is verified by static data from Curtin University and dynamic data measured at Taiyuan University of Technology.The results show that compared with loose combination,the ambiguity-fixed rate increases from 62.18%to 97.60%for static data and from 74.97%to 99.53%for dynamic data when the elevation mask angle is 50°,resulting in a significant improvement in positioning performance.

Influences of oscillation on the physical stability and explosion characteristics of solid-liquid mixed fuel

The stratification phenomenon resulting from differences in the physical properties of solid-liquid components seriously affect the final combustion and explosion characteristics of mixed fuel under the action of oscillation.The effects of oscillation on the physical stability of mixed fuel with two solid-liquid ratios and three liquid component distribution ratios have been investigated using a self-designed experimental system at oscillation frequencies of 60-300 r/min.The explosion characteristics of mixed fuel before and after oscillation are gained from a 20 L spherical explosion container system.When the mass ratio of liquid components is controlled at 66.9%,64.7%,62.6%the final explosion characteristics are stable,with a maximum difference of only 0.71%.The volume of liquid fuel precipitation increases with increasing oscillation frequency when the mass ratio of liquid components reaches 71.7%,69.6%,67.7%.The fuel explosion overpressure after oscillation decreases with increasing liquid precipitation volume,and the repeatability is poor,with a maximum standard deviation of 82.736,which is much higher than the ratio without stratification.Properly controlling the mass ratio of liquid components of the mixed fuel can effectively combat the impact of oscillation on the physical state and maintain the stability of the final explosion characteristics.

On the Application of Mixed Models of Probability and Convex Set for Time-Variant Reliability Analysis

In time-variant reliability problems,there are a lot of uncertain variables from different sources.Therefore,it is important to consider these uncertainties in engineering.In addition,time-variant reliability problems typically involve a complexmultilevel nested optimization problem,which can result in an enormous amount of computation.To this end,this paper studies the time-variant reliability evaluation of structures with stochastic and bounded uncertainties using a mixed probability and convex set model.In this method,the stochastic process of a limit-state function with mixed uncertain parameters is first discretized and then converted into a timeindependent reliability problem.Further,to solve the double nested optimization problem in hybrid reliability calculation,an efficient iterative scheme is designed in standard uncertainty space to determine the most probable point(MPP).The limit state function is linearized at these points,and an innovative random variable is defined to solve the equivalent static reliability analysis model.The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by two benchmark numerical examples and a practical engineering problem.

Impacts of bus holding strategy on the performance and pollutant emissions of a two-lane mixed traffic system

This paper investigates the impacts of a bus holding strategy on the mutual interference between buses and passenger cars in a non-dedicated bus route,as well as the impacts on the characteristics of pollutant emissions of passenger cars.The dynamic behaviors of these two types of vehicles are described using cellular automata(CA)models under open boundary conditions.Numerical simulations are carried out to obtain the phase diagrams of the bus system and the trajectories of buses and passenger cars before and after the implementation of the bus holding strategy under different probabilities of passenger cars entering a two-lane mixed traffic system.Then,we analyze the flow rate,satisfaction rate,and pollutant emission rates of passenger cars together with the performance of a mixed traffic system.The results show that the bus holding strategy can effectively alleviate bus bunching,whereas it has no significant impact on the flow rate and pollutant emission rates of passenger cars;the flow rate,satisfaction rate,and pollutant emission rates of passenger cars for either the traffic system or for each lane are influenced by the bus departure interval and the number of passengers arriving at bus stops.

Evaluation of the effectiveness of preventive nursing measures for pressure injuries in patients in the neurology intensive care unit

BACKGROUND Patients in neurology intensive care units(ICU)are prone to pressure injuries(PU)due to factors such as severe illness,long-term bed rest,and physiological dysfunction.PU not only causes pain and complications to patients,but also increases medical burden,prolongs hospitalization time,and affects the recovery process.AIM To evaluate and optimize the effectiveness of pressure injury prevention nursing measures in neurology ICU patients.METHODS A retrospective study was conducted,and 60 patients who were admitted to the ICU of the Department of Neurology were selected and divided into an observation group and a control group according to the order of admission,with 30 people in each group.The observation group implemented pressure injury prevention and nursing measures,while the control group adopted routine care.RESULTS Comparison between observation and control groups following pressure injury prevention nursing intervention revealed significantly lower incidence rates in the observation group compared to the control group at 48 h(8.3%vs 26.7%),7 d(16.7%vs 43.3%),and 14 d(20.0%vs 50.0%).This suggests a substantial reduction in pressure injury incidence in the observation group,with the gap widening over time.Additionally,patients in the observation group exhibited quicker recovery,with a shorter average time to get out of bed(48 h vs 72 h)and a shorter average length of stay(12 d vs 15 d)compared to the control group.Furthermore,post-intervention,patients in the observation group reported significantly improved quality of life scores,including higher scores in body satisfaction,feeling and function,and comfort(both psychological and physiological),indicating enhanced overall well-being and comfort following the implementation of pressure injury prevention nursing measures.CONCLUSION Implementing pressure injury preventive care measures for neurology ICU patients will have better results.

Long-term changes in radial growth of seven tree species in the mixed broadleaf-Korean pine forest in Northeast China:Are deciduous trees favored by climate change?

The role of the temperate mixed broadleaf-Korean pine forest(BKF)in global biogeochemical cycles will depend on how the tree species community responds to climate;however,species-specific responses and vulner-abilities of common trees in BKF to extreme climates are poorly understood.Here we used dendrochronological meth-ods to assess radial growth of seven main tree species(Pinus koraiensis,Picea jezoensis,Abies nephrolepis,Fraxinus mandshurica,Phellodendron amurense,Quercus mongolica,and Ulmus davidiana)in an old-growth BKF in response to climate changes in the Xiaoxing’an Mountains and to improve predictions of changes in the tree species compo-sition.Temperature in most months and winter precipita-tion significantly negatively affected growth of P.jezoensis and A.nephrolepis,but positively impacted growth of P.koraiensis and the broadleaf species,especially F.mandshu-rica and U.davidiana.Precipitation and relative humidity in June significantly positively impacted the growth of most tree species.The positive effect of the temperature during the previous non-growing season(PNG)on growth of F.mandshurica and Q.mongolica strengthened significantly with rapid warming around 1981,while the impact of PNG temperature on the growth of P.jezoensis and A.nephrolepis changed from significantly negative to weakly negative or positive at this time.The negative response of radial growth of P.jezoensis and A.nephrolepis to precipitation during the growing season gradually weakened,and the negative response to PNG precipitation was enhanced.Among the studied species,P.koraiensis was the most resistant to drought,and U.davidiana recovered the best after extreme drought.Ulmus davidiana,P.jezoensis and A.nephrolepis were more resistant to extreme cold than the other species.Climate warming generally exacerbated the opposite growth patterns of conifer(decline)and broadleaf(increase)spe-cies.Deciduous broadleaf tree species in the old-growth BKF probably will gradually become dominant as warming continues.Species-specific growth-climate relationships should be considered in future models of biogeochemical cycles and in forestry management practices.

What induced the trend shift of mixed-layer depths in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current region in the mid-1980s?

An obvious trend shift in the annual mean and winter mixed layer depth(MLD)in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current(ACC)region was detected during the 1960–2021 period.Shallowing trends stopped in mid-1980s,followed by a period of weak trends.The MLD deepening trend difference between the two periods were mainly distributed in the western areas in the Drake Passage,the areas north to Victoria Land and Wilkes Land,and the central parts of the South Indian sector.The newly formed ocean current shear due to the meridional shift of the ACC flow axis between the two periods is the dominant driver for the MLD trends shift distributed in the western areas in the Drake Passage and the central parts of the South Indian sector.The saltier trends in the regions north to Victoria Land and Wilkes Land could be responsible for the strengthening mixing processes in this region.

Prevention and Control Strategies of Nosocomial Infection and Effectiveness Evaluation in a Tertiary Teaching Hospital during the Epidemic of COVID-19

Objective: To evaluate the role of prevention and control strategies for nosocomial infection in a tertiary teaching hospital during the sudden outbreak of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: The hospital initiated an emergency plan involving multi-departmental defense and control. It adopted a series of nosocomial infection prevention and control measures, including strengthening pre-examination and triage, optimizing the consultation process, improving the hospital’s architectural composition, implementing graded risk management, enhancing personal protection, and implementing staff training and supervision. Descriptive research was used to evaluate the short-term effects of these in-hospital prevention and control strategies. The analysis compared changes in related evaluation indicators between January 24, 2020 and February 12, 2020 (Chinese Lunar New Year’s Eve 2020 to lunar January 19) and the corresponding lunar period of the previous year. Results: Compared to the same period last year, the outpatient fever rate increased by 1.85-fold (P P Conclusion: The nosocomial infection prevention and control strategies implemented during this specific period improved the detection and control abilities for the COVID-19 source of infection and enhanced the compliance with measures. This likely contributed significantly to avoiding the occurrence of nosocomial infection.

Double-Blind, Parallel Group Study to Compare the Clinical Effectiveness of Calcium Dobesilate 500 mg BID vs. Calcium Dobesilate LP 1 g OD, in Patients with Chronic Venous Insufficiency of the Lower Limbs

Background: Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) describes a condition that affects the venous system of the lower extremities due to venous hypertension (VH. The prevalence is between 5% - 30%. CVI is associated with older age, smoking, lower extremity trauma, presence of an arteriovenous shunt, and elevated estrogen levels. All patients should be initially treated with conservative management. Venoactive drugs like calcium dobesilate are useful. Objectives: The primary objective compared the clinical improvement in patients with CVI, grades 0 - 3 of the CEAP classification of chronic venous disease, produced by two formulations of calcium dobesilate: calcium dobesilate LP 1 g OD vs calcium dobesilate 500 mg BID, immediate release. The secondary objective assessed the side effects of both formulations. Method: All patients took one tablet and one capsule at 7 am, and one capsule at 7 pm, for 8 weeks. One group received dobesilate 1 g OD and the other group received dobesilate 500 md BID. They were evaluated after 15, 30 and 60 days of treatment, using the symptom evaluation scale. Results: In both groups, there was a significant decrease in the symptom score after 15 days. Four patients in the Dobesilate OD group: had adverse effects, which did not require suspension of treatment. In the BID dobesilate group, there was one therapeutic failure, and one case of gastric discomfort. Conclusions: Prolonged-release Calcium dobesilate 1 g OD is as effective as calcium dobesilate 500 mg BID for the treatment of patients with chronic venous insufficiency.

Effect of thinning intensity on the carbon sequestration of natural mixed coniferous and broadleaf forests in Xiaoxing'an Mountains, China

To study the effect of thinning intensity on the carbon sequestration by natural mixed coniferous and broad-leaf forests in Xiaoxing’an Mountains,China,we established six 100 m×100 m experimental plots in Dongfanghong For-est that varied in thinning intensity:plot A(10%),B(15%),C(20%),D(25%),E(30%),F(35%),and the control sample area(0%).A principal component analysis was performed using 50 different variables,including species diversity,soil fertility,litter characteristics,canopy structure param-eters,and seedling regeneration parameters.The effects of thinning intensity on carbon sequestration were strongest in plot E(0.75),followed by D(0.63),F(0.50),C(0.48),B(0.22),A(0.11),and the control(0.06).The composite score of plot E was the highest,indicating that the carbon sequestration effect was strongest at a thinning intensity of 30%.These findings provide useful insights that could aid the management of natural mixed coniferous and broadleaf forests in Xiaoxing’an Mountains,China.This information has implications for future studies of these forests,and the methods used could aid future ecological assessments of the natural forests in Xiaoxing’an Mountains,China.

Opportunities to Improve the Quality of Environmental Reports and the Effectiveness of Environmental Impact Assessment: A Case of Electric Power Transmission Systems in Brazil

A good quality Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) is key for the effectiveness of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) processes and consequently to the acceptability of projects subject to EIA. The international literature has contributed to the understanding of the essential aspects to be verified regarding the quality of EIS, offering a wide spectrum of good practice examples related to the content of the studies. Even so, there is a need for empirical studies that allow the identification of specific aspects related to the context of application of the EIS, which could lead to the identification of opportunities to improve both the quality of the reports and also the effectiveness of EIA. Therefore, the present paper is focused on the quality review of a number of EIS submitted to the Brazilian Federal Environmental Agency (Ibama) to instruct the assessment of electric power transmission systems. Based on the application of the EIS quality review package as proposed by Lee and Colley (1992), the outcomes reveal opportunities for improving the scope of EIA, analysis of alternatives, prediction of magnitude and the assessment of impact significance. Finally, the development and/or adaptation of a similar tool for the systematic review of the quality of EIA reports is recommended.

Pleomorphic adenoma(mixed tumor)of the upper lip:A case report

BACKGROUND Salivary gland tumors are relatively rare.Most minor salivary gland tumors are malignant with benign tumors accounting for 18%of the tumors.Pleomorphic adenoma(PA)is the most common salivary gland tumor.Lip PA is uncommon with 9.8%occurring in the upper lip.We are adding on the knowledge of the rare upper lip PA(benign mixed tumor).CASE SUMMARY We report an upper lip PA(benign mixed tumor)in a 28-year-old man.His complaint was a painless swelling on the upper lip.A painless,non-tender,well-circumscribed,slightly mobile,sessile,nodular,and rubbery(in consistency)tumor measuring 5.0 cm x 2.0 cm was noted on the left side of his upper lip.The overlying skin was not fixed and of normal color.There was no ulceration,and palpation did not elicit pain or bleeding.There was no history of trauma.Blunt dissection was used to completely excise the nodular,whitish,and encapsulated tumor.Microscopy showed a well-circumscribed and partly encapsulated biphasic lesion,with large lobules of myxo-chondroid stroma and intervening cellular nodules of basaloid cells,well-formed tubules containing eosinic secretion,and nests of myoepithelial cells.A diagnosis of PA(benign mixed tumor)was confirmed.CONCLUSION Blunt dissection is indicated to preserve the cosmesis and function of the upper lip.

Comparative observation of the effectiveness and safety of remimazolam besylate versus dexmedetomidine in gastrointestinal surgery in obese patients

BACKGROUND Surgery for obese patients carries a higher risk of anesthesia complications compared with surgery for nonobese patients.Thus,a safe and effective anesthesia strategy is necessary to improve the medical experience of such patients and ensure their safety.AIM To compared the effectiveness and safety of remimazolam besylate versus dexmedetomidine(DEX)in gastrointestinal surgery in obese patients.METHODS The study cohort included 60 obese patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery between July 2021 and April 2023,comprising 30 patients who received DEX intervention(control group)and 30 patients who received remimazolam besylate intervention(research group).Heart rate(HR),respiratory rate(RR),mean arterial pressure(MAP),blood oxygen saturation(SpO_(2)),safety(nausea and vomiting,bradycardia,hypotension,and apnea),anesthesia and examination indices[induction time,anesthesia recovery time,and postanesthesia care unit(PACU)discharge time],sedation effect(Ramsay Sedation Scale),and postoperative pain visual analog scale were comparatively analyzed before anesthesia(T0),during anesthesia(T1),and after anesthesia(T2).RESULTS At T1,the research group showed significantly smaller changes in HR,RR,MAP,and SpO_(2) than the control group,with a significantly lower adverse reaction rate and shorter induction,anesthesia recovery,and PACU discharge times.Additionally,the intra-and postoperative Ramsay Sedation Scale scores were statistically higher in the research group than in the control group.CONCLUSION Remimazolam besylate was significantly more effective than DEX in gastrointestinal surgery in obese patients and had a higher safety profile and value in clinical promotion.

Influences of lithofacies on fluid mobility in mixed sedimentary rocks:Insights from NMR analysis of the middle Permian Lucaogou Formation,Junggar Basin

The multi-source mixed sedimentation resulted in a unique series of mixed fine-grained sedimentary rocks evolved within the Permian Lucaogou Formation in the Jimusar Sag,located in the southeastern Junggar Basin,China.The variety of lithofacies within this series resulted in pronounced heterogeneity of pore structures,complicating the analysis of fluid occurrence space and state within reservoirs.As a result,the impact of lithofacies on fluid mobility remains ambiguous.In this study,we employed qualitative methods,such as field emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM)and thin section observation,and quantitative analyses,including X-ray diffraction(XRD),total organic carbon(TOC),vitrinite reflectance(Ro),high-pressure mercury intrusion(HPMI)porosimetry,and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR),along with linear and grey correlation analyses.This approach helped delineate the effective pore characteristics and principal factors influencing movable fluids in the fine-grained mixed rocks of the Lucaogou Formation in the Jimusar Sag,Junggar Basin.The findings indicate the development of three fundamental lithologies within the Lucaogou Formation:fine sandstone,siltstone,and mudstone.Siltstones exhibit the highest movable fluid saturation(MFS),followed by fine sandstones and mudstones sequentially.Fluid mobility is predominantly governed by the content of brittle minerals,the sorting coefficient(Sc),effective pore connectivity(EPC),and the fractal dimension(D_(2)).High content of brittle minerals favors the preservation of intergranular pores and the generation of microcracks,thus offering more occurrence space for movable fluids.A moderate Sc indicates the presence of larger connecting throats between pores,enhancing fluid mobility.Elevated EPC suggests more interconnected pore throat spaces,facilitating fluid movement.A higher D_(2)implies a more intricate effective pore structure,increasing the surface area of the rough pores and thereby impeding fluid mobility.Ultimately,this study developed a conceptual model that illustrates fluid distribution patterns across different reservoirs in the Lucaogou Formation,incorporating sedimentary contexts.This model also serves as a theoretical framework for assessing fluid mobility and devising engineering strategies for hydrocarbon exploitation in mixed fine-grained sedimentary rocks.

Responses of the Southern Ocean mixed layer depth to the eastern and central Pacific El Niño events during austral winter

Based on the Ocean Reanalysis System version 5(ORAS5)and the fifth-generation reanalysis datasets derived from European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ERA5),we investigate the different impacts of the central Pacific(CP)El Niño and the eastern Pacific(EP)El Niño on the Southern Ocean(SO)mixed layer depth(MLD)during austral winter.The MLD response to the EP El Niño shows a dipole pattern in the South Pacific,namely the MLD dipole,which is the leading El Niño-induced MLD variability in the SO.The tropical Pacific warm sea surface temperature anomaly(SSTA)signal associated with the EP El Niño excites a Rossby wave train propagating southeastward and then enhances the Amundsen Sea low(ASL).This results in an anomalous cyclone over the Amundsen Sea.As a result,the anomalous southerly wind to the west of this anomalous cyclone advects colder and drier air into the southeast of New Zealand,leading to surface cooling through less total surface heat flux,especially surface sensible heat(SH)flux and latent heat(LH)flux,and thus contributing to the mix layer(ML)deepening.The east of the anomalous cyclone brings warmer and wetter air to the southwest of Chile,but the total heat flux anomaly shows no significant change.The warm air promotes the sea ice melting and maintains fresh water,which strengthens stratification.This results in a shallower MLD.During the CP El Niño,the response of MLD shows a separate negative MLD anomaly center in the central South Pacific.The Rossby wave train triggered by the warm SSTA in the central Pacific Ocean spreads to the Amundsen Sea,which weakens the ASL.Therefore,the anomalous anticyclone dominates the Amundsen Sea.Consequently,the anomalous northerly wind to the west of anomalous anticyclone advects warmer and wetter air into the central and southern Pacific,causing surface warming through increased SH,LH,and longwave radiation flux,and thus contributing to the ML shoaling.However,to the east of the anomalous anticyclone,there is no statistically significant impact on the MLD.

Mixed Neuroendocrine-Non-Neuroendocrine Neoplasm (MiNEN) of the Colon: A Case Report

Here we report a rare case of mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine neoplasms (MiNENs). A 51-year-old lady with no known family history of malignancies developed this rare type of malignancy without any active gastrointestinal symptoms. However, during a routine health check, physicians noticed a raised Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) level and the patient subsequently was referred to the surgical department for further management. A colonoscopy and CECT abdomen were done and she was electively admitted for a left hemicolectomy operation for a splenic flexure tumour. The histopathological report revealed the tumour is a case of mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine neoplasms (MiNENs) [moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma and neuroendocrine tumour grade 3]. TNM (8th edition, 2016): pT3, pN2 (20/21), pMX. Both resection margins were clear from malignant cells. Colorectal MiNENs, constitute a rare group of gastrointestinal tumours composed of both neuroendocrine and non-neuroendocrine components. Given their non-diagnostic macroscopic features, specific histological features and lack of disease awareness which are responsible for the underestimated incidence and conflicting data. In this case, a multidisciplinary team approach is important in managing patients with this malignancy to achieve the best outcome.

The Regularity of Solutions to Mixed Boundary Value Problems of Second-Order Elliptic Equations with Small Angles

This paper considers the regularity of solutions to mixed boundary value problems in small-angle regions for elliptic equations. By constructing a specific barrier function, we proved that under the assumption of sufficient regularity of boundary conditions and coefficients, as long as the angle is sufficiently small, the regularity of the solution to the mixed boundary value problem of the second-order elliptic equation can reach any order.