Revitalizing Old Industrial Base of Northeast China:Process, Policy and Challenge

Northeast China is the largest old industrial base of China that endured persistent influence of the past planned economy system. This region has lost its leading place since the reform and opening up, and became a backward region by contrast with the coastal areas. This paper elaborates the evolutionary process of the old industrial base of Northeast China, analyses the main reasons for the decline, gives a preliminary evaluation on the revitalizing polices in recent years, and points out major long-term challenges for future revitalization. It concludes that for Northeast China, a relative declining area: 1) it is indispensable to get the long-term policy support from the central government; 2) system reform and structure adjustment are the crucial strategies, particularly the reform of the large and medium state-owned enterprises; and devel-oping new industries is as important as upgrading traditional advantaged industries; 3) the local governments should play an indirect role, avoiding from any unnecessary intervention on economic activity; and 4) social security and investment climate must be improved simultaneously. In addition, the author stresses that the lack of knowledge on the nature of old industrial base had led to failures of the past initiatives, and revitalizing the old industrial base should be treated as a holis-tic regional project including economy growth, society progress and environment improvement.

The Evolution of Regional Economic Resilience in the Old Industrial Bases in China: A Case Study of Liaoning Province, China

The economic transformation of the old industrial bases is a key research topic among geographers in China.In this paper,we propose that the concept of regional economic resilience(RER)has unique theoretical value in analyzing the economic transformation of the old industrial bases.We constructed an analytical framework and an index system and applied the conceptual tools to study the evolution of RER in the old industrial base of Liaoning Province in China,which is currently subjected to not only sudden shocks but‘slow burn’—longer term processes of change that may nevertheless affect the regional economy.There are four main findings:first,the evolution of RER in Liaoning can be divided into four stages from 2000 to 2015.Liaoning is currently in its conservation-release period,and the next stage will be a release-reorganization period.Second,the RER of the majority of the studied cities is lower than the average value for Liaoning,and this is mainly attributed to the relatively weak vulnerability-resistance and adaptability-transformation capacity of these cities.Third,the RER levels of the 14 cities in Liaoning differ significantly.At the first level is Shenyang and Dalian,at the second level is Dandong and Yingkou,and the third level comprises the remaining cities.Fourth,regional economic resilience is mainly determined by vulnerability-resistance,which indirectly reflects Liaoning’s lack of adaptability-transformation capacity,and the ability of the region to renew or create a new development path is weak.

A STUDY ON RECESSION MECHANISM AND REJUVENATION WAYS OF THENORTHEAST OLD INDUSTRIAL BASE

Using the theory of regional superiority of forming and developing Of the old industrial bases and theory of transfondng industrial structure, the paper analyses the recession characteristics, reasons and mechanism of the northest Old industrial base. On the basis of analysing and using the successful experience of other countries, the authors put forward the pattern, goal and way of transforming the northeast old industrial base, combined with the particular national conditions. The poper wants to make the theory and practice system of forming and developing of the world industrial bases more perfect, and provide some experience to promote the systematic development and speed up the industrialized course in the industrial ha of developing countries.

Spatial-temporal Pattern Evolution of Manufacturing Geographical Agglomeration and Influencing Factors of Old Industrial Base:A Case of Jilin Province,China

The primary object of this paper is to examine the spatial-temporal pattern evolution of manufacturing geographical agglomeration of the old industrial base.Industrial spatial agglomeration index and concentration ratio are used in this paper.Multiple linear regression models are also applied to try to explore the internal driving mechanisms on manufacturing geographical agglomeration.The results show that:1) the manufacturing agglomeration degree of Jilin Province is increasing gradually.The spatial polarization structure is visible;and the central region is the agglomeration area,in addition,the manufacturing industries of Changchun Proper present a trend of dispersion;2) the structure of manufacturing industries has changed,and the concentration ratio of labor-intensive manufacturing industry is declining,while the proportions of technology-intensive and capital-intensive manufacturing industry are relatively rising;3) marketing level,location accessibility,labor resources,capital,science and technology innovation capability,scale economy and the level of globalization affect manufacturing agglomeration with different degree.There are significant differences of the effects about employment,technology,the quality of residents and the export-oriented market on the industrial concentration ratio;4) in the future,the impact of policy and institution,export-oriented market and quality of resident on manufacturing geographical agglomeration pattern will be more profound.

Agricultural Ecological Zoning Plan of Old Industrial Bases in Liaoning Province, China

On the basis of brief description of current situation of old industrial bases and primary industry of Liaoning Province, the paper introduces the general situation of agriculture-ecological zoning plan in Liaoning Province. First, the ecological bases of agricultural zoning plan are introduced through various topographic and geomorphic types, regional climate differences and imbalanced distribution of natural resources; Second, in accordance with the theory of comparative advantage, distribution of production and resource economics, on the basis of comprehensive evaluation of agricultural natural resources, with the principle of fully excavating economic function of different natural resources, and in order to improve allocation efficiency of the two resources of market and government, the formation of ecological zoning plan of agriculture in Liaoning Province is analyzed; Third, according to Regional Layout Planning of Characteristic Agricultural Products of Liaoning Province (2006-2010), the paper describes basic layout of agriculture-ecological zoning plan in Liaoning Province. The policy support of agriculture-ecological zoning plan in Liaoning Province is analyzed from three aspects-support policy of functional zone major in producing grain, support policy of other characteristic agriculture-ecological zone and support measures of development of agriculture-ecological zone. The paper also analyzes experiences of agricultural development of old industrial bases in ecological zoning plan: First, agriculture-ecological zoning plan is a effective way of the revitalization of old industrial bases; Second, scientificity of plan is the basis of improving competitiveness of regional agriculture; Third, multi-input mechanism guiding by government is the key of agricultural packing effect; Fourth, integrated agricultural industrial chain is guarantee of realizing industrialization in ecological zone.

Effects of the Northeast China Revitalization Strategy on Regional Economic Growth and Social Development

Measuring the economic and social effects of the Northeast China Revitalization Strategy is critical to addressing regional sustainable development in China. To shed light on this issue, an integrated perspective was adopted that is combined with the difference-in-differences method to measure the effects of the strategy on economic growth and social development in Northeast China. The findings suggest that the strategy has significantly improved regional economic growth and per-capita income by increasing its gross domestic product(GDP) and GDP per capita by 25.70% and 46.00%, respectively. However, the strategy has significantly worsened the regional employment in the secondary industry of the region. In addition, the strategy has not significantly improved regional infrastructural road, education investment or social security, and has had no significant effect on mitigating regional disparity. In addition, the policy effects are highly heterogeneous across cities based on city size and characteristics. Therefore, there is no simple answer regarding whether the Northeast China Revitalization Strategy has reached its original goals from an integrated perspective. The next phase of the strategy should emphasize improving research and development(R&D) and human capital investments based on urban heterogeneity to prevent conservative path-dependency and the lock-in of outdated technologies.

Study of Nursing Home Interior Design in Northeast China——A Case Study of Nursing Home in Changchun

Over the past few years,the design and construction of the pension space has been gradually enriched.The rational depth of thinking in the humanized and emotional design of the nursing home is revealed.The interior space under the influence of regional culture is also the associated element of humanized and emotional design,which is worth the in-depth discussion of the professional staff.The construction and developed areas in Northeast China compared to nursing homes are still relatively backward,how to implement the people-oriented design concept,how to promote the northeast area nursing home construction and interior design quality,these problems are specific,but also the reality,managers,designers need to take seriously.

A Comparative Analysis on Urbanization of Former Industrial Bases in Northeast China

The concentrated urbanization with the priority given to large cities and the balanced urbanization with the emphasis laid on small towns development are the two major urbanization patterns nowadays.The paper analyzes the urbanization pattern of the Great Lakes Industrial Area of US and the Ruhr Industrial Area of Germany,and compares it with the urbanization pattern of the former industrial base in Northeast China,which indicates that the development of the former industrial base is in a dilemma between the choices of these two urbanization patterns.In consequence,the paper discusses the choice of urbanization pattern of the former industrial base from the perspective of regional and spatial distinctions,as well as carrying out a countermeasure study on the urbanization patterns of different areas.

东北老工业基地文化融入高职思政课的思考

在东北老工业基地发展历史中融入先进的马克思主义理论和新时代中国特色社会主义理论,能够增强思政课的思想深度。深入挖掘东北老工业基地文化资源的深厚底蕴,以其蕴含的丰富教育资源拓展思想政治教育理论课内容,通过思政教育基地参观、红色故事、劳模人物等实践形式拓展内容广度,进一步巩固思想政治教育在文化传承方面所具有的独特价值和学科优势。

The Competitive Advantages Status and PromotionPathfor Liaoning Equipment Manufacturing Enterprises

企业竞争优势依赖于其所生存的环境,金融危机爆发之后的经济下行使装备制造企业竞争优势的来源发生了根本性的改变.通过对辽宁9 家企业的问卷调查,探究了辽宁装备制造企业的竞争优势现状,厘清了竞争优势维度对财务绩效的不同作用,进一步研究了竞争优势的提升路径.研究表明：经济下行对企业竞争优势的影响较大;目前竞争优势主要来源于低成本优势和新产品研发优势,但近年来新产品研发得到了较快的发展,而成本优势正在大幅减弱;产品开发、技术资源、软件和市场份额对总资产报酬率影响较大,而成本、与用户信任程度关系、质量和Y R IN技术资源对销售利润率影响较大;产品开发、成本、服务、与用户信任程度和性能是企业需要关注的重点.

数字基础设施建设促进了能源效率提升吗?——基于“宽带中国”示范城市建设的准自然实验

数字基础设施建设不仅能够促进数字经济发展,还会产生诸多积极的经济社会效应。以三批次开展的“宽带中国”示范城市建设为准自然实验,采用2006-2019年282个城市的面板数据,通过渐进DID模型评估数字基础设施建设对能源效率的政策效应,结果发现:“宽带中国”示范城市建设显著促进了示范城市的能源效率提升,但也存在显著的城市异质性,表现为对非资源型城市、非老工业基地城市、东部城市的能源效率具有显著的提升作用,而对资源型城市、老工业基地城市、中西部城市的能源效率没有显著影响;“宽带中国”示范城市建设可以通过促进绿色技术创新来提高能源效率,并会强化能源效率提升的经济增长促进效应。可见,数字基础设施的完善不仅能够直接促进经济增长,而且可以提高能源效率,还会强化能源效率提升对经济增长的促进作用。因此,应进一步加大数字基础设施建设力度,并充分发挥其各种积极效应;不同的城市应基于自身的资源禀赋及发展条件寻求差异化的发展路径,并促使数字基础设施建设能够切实有效地提高发展质量。

“一带一路”倡议下东北老工业基地全面振兴实现新突破:重要性、潜力优势、突破方向、难点及实现路径

“一带一路”倡议下东北老工业基地全面振兴有助于为东北经济高质量发展培育新的经济增长极,提高东北老工业基地人民群众的生活质量,改善东北老工业基地的投资环境,为推进东北老工业基地全面振兴取得新突破提供了积极助力。文章通过对“一带一路”倡议下东北老工业基地全面振兴实现新突破的重要性、潜力优势、突破方向、面临的难点分析,进一步提出“一带一路”倡议下东北老工业基地全面振兴实现新突破的路径,旨在更高质量地推进东北老工业基地全面振兴,深化“一带一路”倡议,促进东北老工业基地全面振兴取得新突破。

Shenyang to Build The First 100-Billion-Yuan Copper Industry Base In Northeast China

The 6 micron copper foil is widely recognized by the industry as high-standard ultra-thin copper foil.Shenyang Lianli is currently the only company in Northeast China that owns this technology.Meanwhile,the new material of 6N high-purity copper(copper content99.9999%)has also been

东北老工业城市低效工业用地再开发研究

城市更新与转型背景下,因东北老工业城市生态空间不足导致人居环境问题日益尖锐,而低效工业用地再开发为城市生态改善提供了契机。目前,低效工业用地再利用主要以经济效益提升为核心导向,缺乏对城市生态优化的考量。针对老工业城市的共性生态问题和城市更新目标,以哈尔滨为研究案例,提出低效工业用地识别与评估的“经济低效度—生态需求度法”。研究结果表明,在识别出的531块低效工业用地中,有139块实行退二进绿策略,面积占比34.4%。根据各生态服务需求度的差异,绿地分为四类,并给出相应的再开发策略。在以生态优先的国土空间规划体系下,研究结果可为城市低效工业用地再开发提供新的研究视角和决策依据。

高职院校服务东北老工业基地振兴的路径选择

我国高职院校在服务东北老工业基地振兴过程中发挥了巨大作用,不仅为其提供政策论证、理论支撑、技术支撑,还提供人才支撑。为了更好地发挥高职院校在东北老工业基地振兴过程中的优势,高职院校需要进一步加强人文教育,加强学科结构布局与调整,加大科技创新驱动与创新创业教育培养的力度。

振兴东北老工业基地的新型城市化战略

依据东北地区城市化现状特点、问题、趋势和城市化相关理论,提出振兴东北老工业基地要采取与新型工业化战略相适应的新型城市化战略。该战略的总体目标是把东北老工业基地建设成现代化的人居环境系统,构建“三圈一带”为主的空间骨架。从资源型城市经济转型、大城市老工业区改造、大都市圈产业集聚与空间重组、乡村城镇化、城市信息化和城市生态环境整治与人居环境建设6个方面论述了新型城市化的战略重点及其对策。

东北地区陆地生态系统生产力及其人口承载力分析

日益增长的人口及其生存环境问题已经成为人类社会生存与可持续发展的关键,亦是区域生态承载力的重要指标。生态系统生产力及其人口承载力研究不仅可以弄清某一区域所能承载的最大人口数量,而且能为农业生态系统的宏观调控和长远发展规划提供依据。东北老工业基地地处地球环境变化速率最大的东亚季风区,以气候变暖为标志的全球变化必将影响东北地区生态承载力,进而影响该地区的人口承载力。该研究基于10km×10km分辨率的东北地区1980～2002年共23年的气象资料,结合植物生理生态特点和水热平衡关系建立的自然植被净第一性生产力模型和农业生产力模型,借助于地理信息系统软件,分析了东北地区4类生态系统类型:森林、农田、草地和湿地的生产力及其动态,指出东北地区近23年来年均气温呈显著上升趋势、年降水总体上呈减少趋势。23年来东北地区植被年均总生产力为3.52×1011kgDM.a-1,其中森林、农田、草地和湿地的年均总生产力分别为1.53×1011、4.55×1010、1.07×1011和4.63×1010kgDM.a-1,森林、农田、草地和湿地的平均生产力为5.73×103、1.84×103、5.64×103和5.55×103kgDM.hm-2.a-1。在此基础上,以第一性生产-第二性生产之间的生态适应性和能量-物质流平衡(在食物链上传递机制)为主线,通过对第一性生产力在人类直接消费与第二性生产之间以及各畜群(猪、肉牛羊、禽、奶牛和水产品(鱼))之间的分配,估算了1980～2002年东北地区在宽裕型、小康型与富裕型3种消费水平下,不输出商品粮和每年向国家提供350×108kg商品粮条件下的年均总人口承载力分别为2.61×108、2.15×108和1.77×108;和1.70×108、1.40×108和1.15×108。因此,要确保东北地区每年向国家提供350×108kg的商品粮,且在未来东北地区的生活水平要达到富裕型水平,必须控制人口数量。在此基础上,根据2020、2050、2070和2100年的气候预估资料,预测了2020、2050、2070和2100年东北地区在宽裕型、小康型和富裕型3种消费水平下的人口承载力分别为2.73×108、2.25×108和1.85×108;2.88×108、2.38×108和1.95×108;3.03×108、2.49×108和2.05×108;以及3.09×108、2.55×108和2.09×108。该研究可为东北地区及各省的生态建设与土地资源可持续利用提供参考。

东北老工业基地城市群组结构和功能优化的初步研究

东北地区城市群组应围绕老工业基地振兴和新型工业基地建设的任务,在新型工业化和城市化发展目标下,调整结构、优化功能。辽中南城市群应在继续重化工业和装备制造业方向的同时强化效益和效率机制;吉中城市组群应在坚持汽车工业和新兴工业部门方向的同时强化城际之间的行业联系;哈大齐以及黑龙江东北城市组群则应做好资源接续产业和新兴产业的培育工作。在结构调整和功能优化过程中,还要注意加强城市群组内部城市职能分工,加速产业结构与产品结构的梯度转移,逐步弱化不同等级城市间纵向联系的行政隶属关系,进一步强化同一等级城市间的横向联系,在城市群组之间亦形成良性的竞争和合作关系,为新型工业基地建设和东北地区经济发展提供空间载体。

东北地区夕阳产业地域划分及其振兴对策研究

夕阳产业地域(OldIndustrialArea)是伴随着工业化而出现的一种地域现象。在参考国内外有关研究的基础上,介绍夕阳产业地域形成的背景及其相关机制;根据夕阳产业地域特征,建立划分夕阳产业地域的指标体系并确定划分方法,将东北地区34个城市经济区进行分类,得出抚顺、本溪、阜新、鸡西、鹤岗、双鸭山、大庆、伊春、七台河、辽源等10个夕阳产业地域;并根据夕阳产业地域形成的根本原因,从主导产业选择和产业结构调整两个方面提出夕阳产业地域振兴的对策。