A Pragmatic Approach to Idiom Translation from a Cultural Perspective

Idioms are gems of a language which have been refined through ages of use. Idioms are thus always rich in cultural connotation and national flavor. Lots of cultural information is embedded in idioms. Language is a part of culture. Language is the important carrier of culture. Language and culture have close relationship with each other. The study of the relationship between language and culture has been considered a subject of great value. Owing to this, translation theorists and translators have put more attention to the cultural barriers that exist in translation. Therefore, translators have to better understand the relationship between language and culture and the relationship between culture and translation so as to render idioms from the SL into the TL faithfully and effectively.

Major Problems in American Education: From a Socio-Cultural Perspective

American intellectuals of different generations and in various eras,with a strong sense of social responsibility and a critical mind,have dedicated themselves in revealing some major problems existing in American education,namely educational inequality,declining academic performance,inadequate funding,and school violence.By describing and probing into these problems from a socio-cultural perspective,they offer a solution of eliminating the socio-economic inequality in America,which is fundamental and essential.

On the Construction and Representation of Chinese Cultural Identity: From an Intercultural Perspective

Cultural identity is the identity or feeling of belonging to a group.Individual,relational and communal identity are the three components of the cultural identity.Chinese cultural identity is an example of communal identity.A positive national cultural identity enhances national prestige,increases global understanding,reveals a unique value proposition and develops a competitive advantage in the world.However,in the wave of globalization and contemporary Chinese social transformation,Chinese cultural identity encounters some challenges.Cultural identity becomes fuzzy.The present paper attempts to make some suggestions to the construction and representation of Chinese cultural identity from an intercultural perspective.To construct Chinese cultural identity,we should try to accommodate Chinese cultural inheritance with contemporary culture and modern society,enhance full development of cultural products,rebuild people’s self-esteem on cultural identity,and improve the government’s identity-constructing ability.As for the representation of Chinese cultural identity,promoting the Chinese language,making use of mass media,performing national cultural identity in sports,encouraging heritage tourism and drawing upon other countries’ experience would be essential.

Reasons for Chinese Crave for Civil-Service Jobs:A Cross-Cultural Perspective

This paper is aimed at exploring the cultural reasons underlying the civil service examinations,which can be concludedas"Tri-Cs",namely the well-established agricultural civilization,cadre culture and family-oriented concept.Through in-depthanalyses,the author strives to clarify the possible reasons for this exam fever and help delineate a clearer picture of the essentials ofChinese culture.

Teaching Literature Course in the Cultural Perspective

The course of English and American literature plays an important role in ELT （English Language Teaching）, however, English majors in class are tired of the conversationalist＇s introduction by the teacher of literary backgrounds, characters, plots, even the literary writing styles. Consequently, the course of literature goes into the bottleneck because of the null of cultural addition.The literature class seems out of moded, even CAI （Computing Aided Instruction） fails to motivate students. How to solve the problem？ This paper takes teaching methodology of literature in the cultural perspective to solve the problem. It is feasible for teachers to improve students＇ intercultural communication competence in cultural content imput in the literature course.

Research on the Japanese Vocabulary and Sentences Developmental Procedure under the Cultural Perspective

In this paper, we conduct theoretical research on the Japanese vocabulary and sentences developmental procedure under the cultural perspective. Japan nearly for hundreds of years of rapid development, the culture also is in rapid progress, coupled with cultural exchange between China and Japan has a long history of cultural exchanges between the two countries will be growing, reflect is the language of a culture, language is the carrier of culture, so, we need not only to learn the foreign language more need to understand the culture of other countries. Socalled culture in the initial stage of learning, refers to in the primary stage of language learning is introduced into cultural background and content of the language, to make the university language teaching into the society culture, realize the best purpose of the foreign language teaching and the highest efficiency in the language learning culture learning and decisive role in promoting. Our research proposes the novel paradigm for basic research of the Japanese language which holds special significance.

Research on the Fusion of Guangxi MiaoJin and Modern Arts and Crafts Design from the Perspectives of Aesthetic and Cultural Inheritance

In this paper, we conduct research on the fusion of the Guangxi MiaoJin and modem arts and crafts design from the perspectives of aesthetic and the cultural inheritance. From angles of folk embroidery patterns modelling characteristics are analyzed： include strong decorative and practical; the integrity of the vivid and concise; symbolic connotation deeply; simple random nature; handed down from generation to generation program. Discusses the forming characteristic of folk embroidery modelling is not an accidental phenomenon of art, but has a profound folk custom, economy, religion, and history of aesthetics, with typical regional culture characteristics. The research of folk embroidery in the status of folk art is of great significance. In the future, we will combine more literature review to optimize our current research and broaden the research boundary.

Research and Analysis on the College English Teaching Emphasis from the Cultural Migration and Transformation of Thinking Perspectives

In this paper, we conduct research on the college English teaching emphasis from the cultural migration and transformation ofthinking perspectives. College English has long been in for the college English subject status. However, college English as a multidisciplinary,interdisciplinary research in the field of discipline construction, it seems, are still stay in the linguistics, language knowledge in academiccharacteristics for its stage of development. Reform of basic college English teaching, the teacher is still teaching main body, is the teaching oflanguage knowledge, since teachers play an important role in language teaching, the teacher wants to penetrate cultural knowledge in teachingand we must strengthen their own culture. Under this basis, this paper proposes the novel ideals on the related issues that will be meaningful andinnovative.

Explaining the Private College Students＇ English Academic Ability by Social Cultural Perspective

From the perspective of the sociocultural theory （SCI）, this article examines Chinese students＇ present states of English academic achievements in some private colleges by investigating teacher-student interaction. It then analyzes underlying factors influencing learner＇s academic ability. Finally it investigates some efficient class teaching strategies to promote their academic development, using class interventions such as the know-want-learn strategy （KWL）, the object-explore-success-happy strategy （OESH）, the cooperative project between students and teacher＇s strategy （CPST） and so on. Theoretically, the paper aims to place the SCT perspectives in the foreground. Pedagogically, it attempts to raise teacher-practitioners＇ wisdom so as to enhance learners＇ English academic achievements from the affective perspective.

Chinese Contemporary Art Design from the Perspective of National Culture

The progress of social economy drives the progress of humanity art. Due to historical condition reason, the pace of art design development in China is late. Since the reform and opening up, the art design obtains a long-term development in China. In order to adapt to the trend of world economy integration, all aspects of art design fields in China are learning from the foreign countries, however, it is hard to have a breakthrough creation in itself, and it lacks of domestic art design ＂localization＂ , which can not fully reflect the national culture and national elements. At the same time, the self-innovation power is weak, and the creation ability is insufficient, which also restricts the independent development of art design field to a higher level in China. The art design, as a comprehensive subject, is affected by many factors of society, science and technology and market for its own improvement. This paper mainly discusses from national culture level for art design, thinking that if the art design in China wants to develop higher, it needs to be based on the national culture and profound cultural base, constructing the art design products with Chinese national styles.

Formation of the Sense of Order of Ancient Greece’s External Public Space From the Perspective of Culture

With China’s urban planning and construction entering the stock renewal stage, the focus of urban planning and construction has gradually shifted from the scale and speed of urban planning and construction to the improvement of urban spatial quality. The order of urban external public space is a representative field to show the quality of urban space. In history, the stable and clear outline in the external space of Western Europe gave people pleasant visual enjoyment with its strong sense of order. Ancient Greece, as one of the most important sources of civilization in Western Europe, profoundly influenced the history of urban development in Western Europe. Therefore, this study explained why ancient Greece had a strong pursuit of sense of order of external public space from the perspective of culture, hoping to provide a theoretical basis for the exploration of the ideal state of urban external space in China.

Research on the Local Culture and Corresponding Influences on English Linguistics from the Etymology Perspective

In this paper, we conduct research on the local culture and corresponding influences on the English linguistics from the etymology perspective. In the form of linguistics, language is a form of system, the research is in the form of the combination of form and meaning, language learning is rules and skills to master. In systemic functional linguistics, language is a system the study is in the context of significance. Language learning, therefore, the use of language, masters the language knowledge and skills in practice and the social culture. From a social point of view of language learning, language learning is no longer the pure knowledge and skills to master the cognitive process of memory, but a process of social interaction between individuals. Our research starts form the in-depth analysis of the etymology to propose novel perspective that is innovative and meaningful.

Research on the O2O model of consumer behavior under the perspectives of culture and values

In this paper, we conduct research on the O2O model of the consumer behavior under the perspectives of culture and values.Electronic commerce is striding forward O2O will follow the pace of history. O2O mode obvious advantages, is helpful to promote thedevelopment of the electricity industry. O2O model development has quietly changed our life, is not only the change of consumption patterns,but also poses challenges to the traditional industry. O2O core is through the sale, to provide information and services, to push offl ine storesales promotion information to Internet users, and take them to the entity shop to consumer goods or enjoy. This paper integrates the consumerbehavior to propose the new O2O model which is innovative.

＂Going Global＂ Strategies of Chinese Culture from the Audience＇ s Perspective

This paper revealed American students'interest in Chinese culture potentially due to China's recent development.Moreover,participants reported that understanding Chinese culture would broaden their perspective to include customs which were perceived as quite different from their own.Unsurprisingly,all of the participants were interested in superficial experiences with Chinese culture,like eating Chinese food.More than half of the participants indicated a desire to visit historical sites,such as the Great Wall and the Forbidden City.Half of the participants would like to travel in big cities such as Beijing and Shanghai,if they were to visit China.Not a few of Chinese descendants were eager to go to China for tracing roots.According to the results of the research,some"going global"strategies of Chinese culture were provided.The results may impact on Chinese culture's"going global"trend and offer support to the spread of Chinese culture.

A Cross-Culture Perspective on Teaching

During the past decades,educators have been searching the effective approaches to improve their teaching by looking towards the Western counties.Interestingly,many of their Western counterparts are also looking towards the East for similar inspiration.The main purpose of this research is to avoid danger of direct transplant of certain approaches by comparing societal cultural background which affects teaching and learning.

The Spirit of the Age in Mathematics and Art： The Eastern and Western Perspective Painting

Both mathematics and art consistently reflect the spirit of the age in which they arise. Consequently, the mathematics in China and in Korea during the Joseon Dynasty, in contrast to the deductive western mathematics, does not function on the basis of proving something deductively. Rather, the Chinese mathematics from this period was based upon making observations about problems by combining patterns with specific examples. In this paper, this author attempts to compare the differences in mathematics between the East and the West, and also to study the different perspectives in art between the East and the West, in order to identify the relationship between civilization, culture and the spirit of the age. This will explain the reason why the Western ＇One Point Perspective＇ had spread in China and the Chosen Dynasty, yet could not be permanently established in these countries.

“Culture”的词源学视野及其启示

迄今关于"文化"的认识比较模糊,"文化"的所指也比较混乱。以词源学为指导,用历时的眼光梳理英语里"文化"概念的演变,以增进人们对"文化"及其相关概念的理解。

A Brief Analysis on the Relationship of Language,Culture and Translation

In recent years,it has become a hot topic for researchers to explore the relationships between language and culture,language and translation,or culture and translation.Indeed,the three aspects are inseparable.Language is the carrier of culture and also restricted by culture.Translation mostly takes place between languages and it is a kind of cross-linguistic and intercultural communicative activity.While translating,it is necessary to understand thoroughly the two languages,but also two cultures and cultural differences between them.In this paper,I firstly give a general review on both the conception of language,culture and translation and their relationship and then discussed the interaction and blending separately from the two phenomena of culture-orientation in translation and translation under culture context.Since culture is transmitted mostly by language,cultural elements and factors should be taken into consideration in translation practices.To achieve the goal of translation in a real sense,translation practices should be based on the principle of processing the discourse of source language and target language under the perspective of its cultural context.

The Same Term but Different Connotations:Cultural and Historical Perspectives on Studying the Academic Profession in China and Other Asian Countries

Through experiencing and reviewing multiple-country endeavors in academic profession study and participating in a new project regarding the academic profession in Asia,the author pinpoints and anticipates the shortcomings of study alone or dominantly questionnaire-based and ignoring the broader social context.The author proposes a new perspective or methodology to mitigate these shortcomings.The traditional approach focuses on commonalities rather than differences of the academic profession in a variety of countries.By comparing identical questionnaires,it is easy to conclude that,according to some indicators,the academic profession in developing countries,a category in which most Asian countries belong,is inferior to that in developed countries by a certain magnitude.This research strategy will devalue the research efforts on the academic profession in Asia.The academic profession is a complicated phenomenon,and it requires a sophisticated research methodology.The characteristics of the academic profession in Asia can be induced by empirically studying its relationship with the institutional environments in which the academic profession is embedded.In addition,all developing countries in Asia are undergoing a process of modernization.This dynamic feature is valuable and deserves exploration.The institutional environments in Asia can be demonstrated and illustrated via cultural and historical lenses.The purpose of this paper is to review international projects and literature regarding the academic profession.This review tries to be both critical and constructive,and shed light on newly initiated projects in the Asian academic profession.Two major research questions are raised by the author:What is the scholarly value of the new project?What strategy can researchers employ for this endeavor?Past research is dominated by the structure-function paradigm and cross-sectional questionnaire method.This approach has both strengths and weaknesses.Historical and cultural perspectives are proposed to overcome the Cultural and Historical Perspectives on Studying the Academic Profession existing limitations and explore the potential value of the new academic effort.