An Analysis about the Influence of Culture Transfer on Legal Translation from the Perspective of Intercultural Communication

With the increasingly rapid social development,collusion and integration of different culture around the world,legal translation also becomes an exceedingly important tool in exchanges of laws.Legal translation,in essence,is a non-negligible aspect of intercultural communication,because legal translation is not only a transfer process from one language to another language,but also a study process of various legal cultures.In traditional researches about legal translation,most scholars only have a preference to pay more attention to the faithfulness and exactness of target language,but ignore the significance of cultural elements that are key limitations to the readiness of legal translation.Researchers can take advantage of culture transfer,which is a strategy to avoid misunderstandings in process of legal translation for the intention of improving the quality of legal texts.In this paper,legal translation refers to translation between English legal texts and Chinese legal texts.

Cross-cultural Conflict of Legal Culture and Cultural Turn

The cross-cultural legal cultural conflict is originated from the change of legal culture and social evolution in different countries,societies or nationalities,which is in fact reflected as the conflicts betw een reality,inherent value and attitude of laws. With the legal globalization produced by the high-speed social and economic development of modern society,Chinese and western legal cultures has frequent exchanges and with gradually expanded range,therefore the manifestation patterns of the legal conflict have experienced a qualitative change.T his paper tries to explore the causes of the legal conflicts from the historical and cultural perspective,taking legal pluralism as the guidance,introducing the cultural turn research paradigm,and putting forw ard the principles and regulations for the resolution of cross-cultural legal conflicts,and leading the legal culture conflicts to dissolve and integrate through regulation.

Obligation Orientation and Right-Based Principle——The Difference between Chinese and Western Legal Culture Influenced by Confucianism and Christianity

As an important part of cultural and ideological progress construction,the improvement of Chinese modern legal system has become a keynote in the process of constructing the harmonious society in China.In the course of the development of Chinese legal system,transplanting from western legal culture is becoming a trend.Therefore,it is necessary to study the difference between Chinese and western legal culture and its influencing elements so as to provide a cultural basis for this transplant.As for cultural factor,Confucianism is the dominated thoughts in traditional Chinese history and Christianity occupies the same place in western culture,accordingly,their influence on the difference between Chinese and western legal culture is great.This paper discusses the difference of the obligation orientation and right-based principle between Chinese and western legal culture influenced by Confucianism and Christianity aiming at provide some important inspirations for the transplant of western legal culture in improving Chinese modern legal system.

Effects of Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields of Different Frequencies on the Gene Expression of RANK and NFATc1 in Rat Osteoclasts Co-Cultured with Osteoblasts

The study investigated the effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) of different frequencies on the gene expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B (RANK) and Nuclear factor of activated T-cells cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1) in rat osteoblast and osteoclast co-cultured model. Osteoblast-like cells were isolated from calvariae of Newborn Sprague Dawley rats (SD rats), while osteoclast-like cells were obtained from femora and tibiae of five weeks old SD rats. After 1 days of co-culture, the cells were exposed to premarin (E2) and different frequencies of PEMFs (8 Hz and 16 Hz, respectively) for 3 days. The expression of RANK and NFATc1 mRNA was analysed with realtime quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The gene expression of RANK and NFATc1 in the E2, PEMF with 8 Hz and 16 Hz group was significantly lower than that in the control group respectively. The gene expression of NFATc1 in the PEMF with 8 Hz group was significantly lower than that in the control group and PEMF with 16 Hz group. The study indicates that PEMF with 8 Hz could regulate the gene expression of RANK and NFATc1 in co-cultured model.

Community Institutional Arrangements for Conservation and Development Through Tourism: An Analysis of the Nkuringo Conservation and Community Development Foundation, Uganda

Tropical forests provide some of the richest biodiversity amid and adjacent to the world’s poorest people as they lose access to resources when forests are designated for strict preservation.Integrated Conservation Development Projects(ICDPs)aimed at conservation and compensated communities adjacent to conserved resources through revenue sharing from the resultant economic activities.However,Community-Based Natural Resource Management(CBNRM)approaches seek to reconcile biodiversity conservation with community livelihoods strategies to reduce poverty.Nkuringo Conservation and Community Development Foundation on the Southern Fringes of Bwindi National Park in Kisoro District adopted the Community-Based Natural Resource Management model where communities benefit both financially and socially from conservation.The model provides a“win-win”situation where both human beings and wildlife benefit.The objective of this paper is to profile Nkuringo Conservation and Community Development Foundation(NCCDF)adoption of the model by analyzing the model,actors involved,the legal framework,benefits accrued,challenges,and strategies to ameliorate them.The paper adopted a case study research design and collected both qualitative and quantitative data using desk top research methods,observation,oral interviews,and focus group discussions(FGDs).The communities of Nteko and Rubuguri parishes participate in the project which has conserved the mountain gorillas and forests for tourism and diversified community livelihood through tourism,sale of handcrafts,an eco-lodge(Clouds Lodge)and commercial agriculture which contribute to poverty reduction.

On the Theory of Communicative Action of Jurgen Habermas and the Reconstruction of the Legal Culture of China

Habermas is one of the Western scholars who make great contribution to the contem porary humanistic and social science. He puts forward the theory of communicative action,which,with language as the medium,aims at mutual understanding and reaching an agreement. The theory of communicative action of Haberm as has the model significance for the reconstruction of the legal culture of China. Through studying of such a theory,this paper attem pts to interpret the rationalistic philosophy of the Western legal democracy which is based on the theory of discussion,and according to the current situation of the legal culture of China,this paper puts forward that we should refer to the theory of communicative action of Haberm as in order to accelerate the socialist legislation and prom ote the im plementation of the socialist concept of ruling by law.

关于破产保护法律制度的若干思考

破产保护法律制度中存在的理念认识问题,导致对破产法律保护制度的功能和作用产生误解。必须清晰认识到破产保护法律制度对社会主义市场经济建设的重要性。建立和完善破产保护法律制度,可以补齐当前我国社会主义市场经济制度的短板,可以为市场在资源配置中发挥决定性作用搭建工作平台,可以通过挽救危困企业和其他市场主体,稳住我国当前经济发展的基本盘,推动我国经济高质量健康发展。因此,要贯彻落实习近平法治思想,建立和完善我国个人破产保护法律制度、非法人组织破产保护法律制度、管理人制度、府院联动协调制度、执行与破产协调制度等破产保护法律制度体系,加强破产保护法律文化建设,发挥破产制度的功效。

中日同形法律术语“逮捕”对应译词辨正

中日两国同属汉字文化圈,同属大陆法系,二者的法律术语中存在着大量同形词,如“逮捕”等。这些同形词为中国人学习、翻译日本法律以及日本人学习、翻译中国法律带来莫大便利的同时,也给学习者和翻译者设置了各种“陷阱”。研究中日两国词汇的成果较多,但研究中日两国法律术语的成果相对较少。许多中日两国辞典(含法律用语辞典)和翻译的法律文本将“逮捕”当作同形同义词处理。通过查阅中译日和日译中两国辞典(含法律用语辞典)、法律文本翻译件、法学著作中的对应译词,以及比较中日两国刑事诉讼法中强制措施的顺序与特征,基于认知语义学、对照语言学的理论,采用例证的研究方法,仔细辨析中日法律术语“逮捕”的释义,经过比较分析后发现,中日法律术语“逮捕”并非同形同义词,而是同形异义词。中文法律术语“逮捕”的词义相当于日文法律术语“勾留”,日文法律术语“逮捕”的词义相当于中文法律术语“拘留”。

习近平文化思想的法治底蕴、底色和底气

习近平文化思想和习近平法治思想分别构成了习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的“文化篇”和“法治篇”。法治文化是两种思想在习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想两个独立分领域的耦合之处生发出的、具有高度关联性和契合性的思想精华,激活了习近平文化思想的法治底蕴、底色和底气。习近平文化思想的法治底蕴植根马克思主义法治文化观,深扎中华优秀传统法律文化,汲取世界法治文化精华,延绵红色法治文化,不断发展和创新中国特色社会主义法治文化建设的伟大实践。习近平文化思想的法治底色凸显了良法之治、公平之治、信仰之治、制度之化、精神之化、人本之化的价值理念,实现了文化中的法治与法治中的文化休戚与共。习近平文化思想的法治底气源自科学立法、严格执法、公正司法、全民守法的全过程,推动习近平文化思想和习近平法治思想深入人心、指导实践,为建设社会主义文化强国和法治强国提供坚定的信念伟力、持久的思想定力和巨大的前进动力。

唐律的突出亮点:集中华优秀传统法律文化于一体

唐律举世闻名,具有许多特色亮点,其中十分突出的一点是较为完美地集中华优秀传统法律文化于一体。唐律较为完美地集中华优秀传统法律文化于一体的主要特点包括法律思想要素、法律制度要素和法律技术要素的全面性,法律思想、法律制度和法律技术的成熟性,以及唐律文本、唐律实施和社会治理层面的成熟性。唐朝前期政治经济文化等方面的有利条件,唐朝前期以人为本、礼法并用和慎刑恤刑等法律思想,以及唐律的制定者对中华优秀传统法律文化的掌握与运用,是唐律较为完美地集中华优秀传统法律文化于一体的成就条件。唐律中的中华优秀传统法律文化,主要是刑法化的中华优秀传统法律文化,是中华传统法律文化中的精华部分,可以跨越朝代和时代的界限,持久展现其特有的魄力,为后世所借鉴和传承。唐律中的中华优秀传统法律文化往往具有一般性特征,文明程度高,适宜在当代弘扬,经过创造性转化与创新性发展,可以拥有长久的生命力,为中国特色社会主义法治文化注入活力并助力于中国式法治现代化建设。

中华优秀传统法律文化的核心问题及其传承路径

中华优秀传统法律文化包括法律思想、法律制度的静态规范及动态实践。遵循中华优秀传统法律文化的构成逻辑,可围绕核心问题并从以下五个论题分别探讨中华传统法律文化的传承路径和具体转换方式:中国传统法的理想性与现实性交织问题;中国传统法政关系的交互影响模式;中国传统法律体系的模式选择、原理;中国传统法律发展历程中的文化冲突、融合方式;中国具体法律实践中的传统智慧,并阐明各论题之间的相互关系。

新时代中国涉外法治人才的跨文化交际能力培育研究

以六所高校为样本,检视样本高校在跨文化交际能力培育方面所显现的不足,认为高校需要在找准自身定位与对接现实需求的基础上,培育涉外法治人才对本国与外国的理性情感,正确处理“法律英语”与“法律+英语”的关系以及本国法与外国法的互动关系,通过“角色扮演”等多种方式来调动涉外法治人才的学习潜能,提高他们的跨文化交际能力,以促进国家多层次、全方位、高素质涉外法治人才的培养。

推进中华传统法律文化创新性发展研究

把马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际、同中华优秀传统文化相结合,是中国共产党领导人民取得革命和建设成功的“最大法宝”,是党在探索中国特色社会主义道路中得出的规律性认识。“两个结合”是传统文化创新发展的内在动力,为中华传统法律文化创新性发展提供了契机。“第二个结合”是中国又一次的思想解放。“第二个结合”让马克思主义成为中国的,中华优秀传统文化成为现代的,未来需要以“第二个结合”为科学指南建设中华民族现代文明。“第二个结合”铸就了中国式现代化的文化形态,提升了中华传统法律文化创新性发展的思想方法,增强了中华传统法律文化的国际影响力。因此,推进中华传统法律文化创新性发展,应构建科学完备的中华民族共同体理论体系,建构中国自主的法学知识体系,建构中国自主的知识产权体系,构建中国自主的中华文明对外传播体系。

构建现代中华法治文明新形态的契机与路径

中华法治文明是中华文明的重要组成部分,中华文明既是世界文明的源头之一,又是世界上唯一实现5000年连续发展未曾中断过的文明体。中华法系是世界公认的五大法系之一,是法治文明具有标识意义的重要概念。中华法系彰显了中华民族伟大的创造力和法制文明的深厚底蕴,要素化复兴是新时代中华法系复兴嬗变的方向,中华法系孕育了良法善治的多维图景。中国特色社会主义法治道路肇始于中华法系,中国特色社会主义法治体系是新时代的新中华法系。中国式现代化是植根于中华优秀传统文化的现代化,中华优秀传统文化对现代化具有强大韧性和适应性。改革开放要有新突破就必须进一步解放思想,“又一次思想解放”的关键是破除对西方式现代化的迷信,既不能用西方现代化的模式来套解中国式现代化,也不能用中国过去的经验来束缚今天的现代化实践,要努力去推动马克思主义中国化、时代化达到一个更新的境界。构建现代中华法治文明新形态的路径是:强化当代人复兴中华法系的文化使命与担当,建构新时代中国独立自主的法学知识体系,大力推进中国特色社会主义法治实践进程,为人类文明新形态建设提供有力的理论支撑。

中华优秀传统法律文化融入司法裁判的机制研究

中华优秀传统法律文化是习近平法治思想的重要渊源之一,蕴含的德法兼治、民为邦本、司法公正、和合思想具有丰富的内涵。树立文化自信、依法治国、尊重司法规律的需求决定了中华优秀传统法律文化融入司法裁判的必要性。从裁判文书来看,存在融入范围较窄、说理语言笼统泛化、弱化或代替法律论证、援引不规范等诸多问题。在分析原因的基础上,从坚持基本立场、界定法律文化、识别常见领域、掌握融入方法、借鉴有益机制、发挥案例价值等方面,提出优化对策,以期将中华优秀传统法律文化更好地融入司法裁判,实现创造式转化和创新性发展,助力社会主义法治建设。

新文科视域下法律史研究的法学化论纲

作为法学学科体系中一门特征明显的交叉学科,法律史学可成为新文科理论与实践改革的优质素材,新文科理念的融入可有效提高法律史研究的科学性。法律史专业在国内法学院中的边缘化处境,不利于满足党的二十大报告提出的传承和发展中华优秀传统法律文化的要求。法律史研究内容、研究视角、研究方法等要素与法律实践较为脱节;同时,其研究成果的碎片化和表象化等倾向,严重影响法律史研究的科学发展及研究共同体的形成与稳固,也就难以形成能够反映中国风格与气派的学术研究成果,削弱我国法律文化在国际上的竞争力。认识新文科之于法律史研究的总体意义,并以新文科为标尺,检视当下法律史研究存在的不足之处,把新文科作为促进法律史研究法学化的重要抓手,探索其着力发展的具体路径,切实推动具有自主性的中国法律史学科体系和话语体系的形成与发展,无疑具有重要的学科价值。

法治视野下高校法治文化传播体系探究

高校法治文化建设需要从传播要素着手,应该通过建立健全科学有效的高校法治文化传统体系,探索高校法治文化建设的新路径。高校法治文化在传播主体、传播内容、传播媒介等方面有自身的环境特色,应根据不同区域的高校建设我国高校法治文化传播体系。

中华优秀传统法律文化的创造性转化研究

习近平总书记在文化传承发展座谈会上强调,要“把马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际、同中华优秀传统文化相结合”,从而不断推动马克思主义中国化时代化,推动中华优秀传统文化创造性转化、创新性发展。中华文明自古以来就以开放包容著称于世。中华文明突出的包容性,决定了中华民族交往交流交融的历史取向和中华文化对世界文明兼收并蓄的开放胸怀。中华优秀传统法律文化是中华优秀传统文化的重要组成部分,是推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的重要思想源泉。中华优秀传统法律文化的创造性转化,要坚持古为今用、推陈出新的原则,处理好守正与创新之间的辩证关系,通过改革和转化,赋予中华优秀传统法律文化新的时代内涵和现代表达。良法善治彰显了中华民族建构法治秩序的理性态度。中华优秀传统法律文化在司法审判中具有价值引导功能,优秀传统礼仪文化在践行社会主义核心价值观中具有行为规范作用,建成法治国家则是实现中华优秀传统法律文化创造性转化的价值目标。这就要求在中国式现代化建设实践中推动中华优秀传统法律文化创造性转化,在“人的全面发展”进程中推动中华优秀传统法律文化创造性转化,在自主知识体系建构过程中谱写中华文明新华章。

法治文化建设与铸牢中华民族共同体意识的互构逻辑及实现路径

铸牢中华民族共同体意识作为新时代党的民族工作的主线、民族地区各项工作的主线,需要不断汇聚民族复兴的磅礴力量,为全面建成社会主义现代化强国提供不竭动力。法治文化建设与铸牢中华民族共同体意识有着共同的文脉基因、共同的思想基础和共同的目标指向,法治文化的基本功能、基本内涵及其建设过程有助于铸牢中华民族共同体意识,中华民族共同体意识是法治文化建设的思想基础、指导法治文化建设的根本方向、激发法治文化建设的精神力量。为此,需要健全铸牢中华民族共同体意识的法治规范体系,加强重点领域铸牢中华民族共同体意识的执法,强化铸牢中华民族共同体意识的司法裁判论证,完善铸牢中华民族共同体意识的法治宣传教育体系。