The hardness variation of two kinds of alloys with 36 wt pct W content and 7/3, 9/1 Ni-to-Fe ratios during strain aging at 800℃ was studied. The microstructures of the aged alloys were analyzed by X-ray diffraction a...The hardness variation of two kinds of alloys with 36 wt pct W content and 7/3, 9/1 Ni-to-Fe ratios during strain aging at 800℃ was studied. The microstructures of the aged alloys were analyzed by X-ray diffraction and TEM. The results show that the strain aging hardness of W-Ni-Fe ternary alloy with 7/3 Ni-to-Fe ratio decreases monotonically with the increase of aging time. Under the same conditions, the hardness of 9/1 Ni-to-Fe ratio alloy decreases in the initial aging stage, but then increases as aging process goes on. X ray diffraction and TEM analysis show that there is not any precipitation depositing from the alloy with 7/3 Ni-to-Fe ratio during aging. The monotonic decrease in hardness of this alloy during aging process results from the recovery, recrystallization and solid solubility declining. In the alloy of 9/1 Ni-to-Fe ratio, the fine β phase precipitates dispersively during aging which hardens the alloy. The two different kinds of mechanisms (the softening one and the hardening one) decide the hardness variation of the alloy with 9/1 Ni-to-Fe ratio mentioned above.展开更多
随着分布式能源与随机负荷的大量接入,配电台区三相负荷不平衡与变压器轻重载运行问题日益突出,这将威胁台区安全可靠运行。然而,既有关于互联台区的研究鲜有兼顾三相不平衡与轻重载运行问题的综合治理。对此,该文提出一种基于四桥臂智...随着分布式能源与随机负荷的大量接入,配电台区三相负荷不平衡与变压器轻重载运行问题日益突出,这将威胁台区安全可靠运行。然而,既有关于互联台区的研究鲜有兼顾三相不平衡与轻重载运行问题的综合治理。对此,该文提出一种基于四桥臂智能软开关(four-leg soft open point,F-SOP)的柔性互联配电台区三相不平衡与轻重载综合调控策略。首先,分析了F-SOP和变压器的综合损耗特性,结果表明不平衡度和负载率均会影响设备运行效率;其次,建立三相不平衡与轻重载综合调控策略模型,设立变压器输出功率不平衡度与负载率的指标约束,以系统综合损耗最小为优化目标求解F-SOP最优调控指令。接着,针对F-SOP拓扑架构及其功率调控的需求,提出一种改进对等控制方法,进一步提高F-SOP稳定性能与动态性能,确保综合调控策略的实现。最后,通过算例分析与仿真实验验证了所提综合调控策略的有效性和可行性。展开更多
We propose an all-optical modulation formats combination scheme that merges an amplitude-shift keying （ASK） signal and a differential phase-shift keying （DPSK） signal into a single differential phase amplitude- sh...We propose an all-optical modulation formats combination scheme that merges an amplitude-shift keying （ASK） signal and a differential phase-shift keying （DPSK） signal into a single differential phase amplitude- shift keying （DPASK） signal based on parametric amplification in a highly nonlinear fiber. By optimizing the power of the ASK channel, formats combination of ASK and DPSK to DPASK signal is successfully demonstrated by computational simulation. The demodulation process of the generated DPASK pulses is investigated and the relationship between optical signal-to-noise ratio （OSNR） penalty and the input ASK power is presented. The proposed scheme may be used for increasing spectral efficiency and all-optical logic device.展开更多
量子色动力学(Quantum Chromodynamics,QCD)相图结构和相变临界点是高能物理理论和实验的研究热点。相对论重离子碰撞是探索QCD相图结构、寻找QCD相变临界点的有力工具。美国布鲁克海文国家实验室的相对论重离子对撞机(Relativistic Hea...量子色动力学(Quantum Chromodynamics,QCD)相图结构和相变临界点是高能物理理论和实验的研究热点。相对论重离子碰撞是探索QCD相图结构、寻找QCD相变临界点的有力工具。美国布鲁克海文国家实验室的相对论重离子对撞机(Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider,RHIC)是目前世界上进行高能重离子碰撞的大型实验装置之一,其中的STAR(Solenoidal Tracker at RHIC)实验致力于高温高密条件下夸克胶子等离子体(Quark Gluon Plasma,QGP)性质以及QCD相结构的实验研究。本文着重介绍近年来RHIC-STAR能量扫描实验中运用守恒荷高阶矩和轻核产生寻找QCD相变临界点的研究进展,最后将对高重子密度区QCD相结构的未来研究做出展望。展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant No.59971007.
文摘The hardness variation of two kinds of alloys with 36 wt pct W content and 7/3, 9/1 Ni-to-Fe ratios during strain aging at 800℃ was studied. The microstructures of the aged alloys were analyzed by X-ray diffraction and TEM. The results show that the strain aging hardness of W-Ni-Fe ternary alloy with 7/3 Ni-to-Fe ratio decreases monotonically with the increase of aging time. Under the same conditions, the hardness of 9/1 Ni-to-Fe ratio alloy decreases in the initial aging stage, but then increases as aging process goes on. X ray diffraction and TEM analysis show that there is not any precipitation depositing from the alloy with 7/3 Ni-to-Fe ratio during aging. The monotonic decrease in hardness of this alloy during aging process results from the recovery, recrystallization and solid solubility declining. In the alloy of 9/1 Ni-to-Fe ratio, the fine β phase precipitates dispersively during aging which hardens the alloy. The two different kinds of mechanisms (the softening one and the hardening one) decide the hardness variation of the alloy with 9/1 Ni-to-Fe ratio mentioned above.
文摘随着分布式能源与随机负荷的大量接入,配电台区三相负荷不平衡与变压器轻重载运行问题日益突出,这将威胁台区安全可靠运行。然而,既有关于互联台区的研究鲜有兼顾三相不平衡与轻重载运行问题的综合治理。对此,该文提出一种基于四桥臂智能软开关(four-leg soft open point,F-SOP)的柔性互联配电台区三相不平衡与轻重载综合调控策略。首先,分析了F-SOP和变压器的综合损耗特性,结果表明不平衡度和负载率均会影响设备运行效率;其次,建立三相不平衡与轻重载综合调控策略模型,设立变压器输出功率不平衡度与负载率的指标约束,以系统综合损耗最小为优化目标求解F-SOP最优调控指令。接着,针对F-SOP拓扑架构及其功率调控的需求,提出一种改进对等控制方法,进一步提高F-SOP稳定性能与动态性能,确保综合调控策略的实现。最后,通过算例分析与仿真实验验证了所提综合调控策略的有效性和可行性。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 60736003 and 60877045)the National "863" Project of China(Nos. 2006AA01Z253 and 2006AA01Z261)+1 种基金sponsored by the Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars, State Education Ministrythe donation of VPI software suite from Alexander von Humboldt Foundation
文摘We propose an all-optical modulation formats combination scheme that merges an amplitude-shift keying （ASK） signal and a differential phase-shift keying （DPSK） signal into a single differential phase amplitude- shift keying （DPASK） signal based on parametric amplification in a highly nonlinear fiber. By optimizing the power of the ASK channel, formats combination of ASK and DPSK to DPASK signal is successfully demonstrated by computational simulation. The demodulation process of the generated DPASK pulses is investigated and the relationship between optical signal-to-noise ratio （OSNR） penalty and the input ASK power is presented. The proposed scheme may be used for increasing spectral efficiency and all-optical logic device.
文摘量子色动力学(Quantum Chromodynamics,QCD)相图结构和相变临界点是高能物理理论和实验的研究热点。相对论重离子碰撞是探索QCD相图结构、寻找QCD相变临界点的有力工具。美国布鲁克海文国家实验室的相对论重离子对撞机(Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider,RHIC)是目前世界上进行高能重离子碰撞的大型实验装置之一,其中的STAR(Solenoidal Tracker at RHIC)实验致力于高温高密条件下夸克胶子等离子体(Quark Gluon Plasma,QGP)性质以及QCD相结构的实验研究。本文着重介绍近年来RHIC-STAR能量扫描实验中运用守恒荷高阶矩和轻核产生寻找QCD相变临界点的研究进展,最后将对高重子密度区QCD相结构的未来研究做出展望。
