Effect of Blending Ratio on the Properties of Ramie/Polyester Blended Yarn

The effects of the blending ratio on the properties of Ramie/Polyester blended yarns are discussed in this paper. The experimental results show that the elongation of the yarn with the polyester content more than 40% is better than that of others. There is a lowest tenacity of the yarn corresponding to the blending ratio of 50/50 or so. The other properties of the yarn, such as the evenness and hairiness, will be improved with the increasing of the polyester content.

精梳工艺对涤粘混纺纱质量的影响

为评价精梳工艺在涤粘混纺纱加工过程中的应用效果,分别采用普梳涤粘混纺工艺与精梳涤粘混纺工艺纺制了混纺比为65/35、50/50、35/65的涤粘混纺纱,测试了两种混纺工艺的纤维条与纱线质量。试验结果表明:与普梳涤粘一并条相比,精梳涤粘条的条干CV值略微降低,棉结、杂质粒数以及16.5 mm以下短绒率大幅减小,纤维上四分位长度微量增长;与普梳涤粘纱相比,精梳涤粘纱的条干CV值与3 mm毛羽数明显降低,棉结、粗节、细节大幅减少,断裂强力有所增加;随着粘胶含量的增加,涤粘混纺纤维条与纱线质量呈现恶化的趋势。认为:精梳工艺能显著提高涤粘混纺纤维条与纱线质量。

双组分混纺纱断裂比功与混纺比的关系

为实现对不同混纺比下双组分混纺纱断裂比功的预测,从而指导生产中合理地选择混纺比,探究了双组分混纺纱断裂比功随混纺比变化的规律。通过对混纺纱断裂过程的分析,提出一个简单的混纺纱拉伸曲线模型。基于该模型建立了断裂比功与各组分纯纺纱拉伸性能、混纺比之间的关系式,并使用实验数据对其进行验证。结果表明,该关系式可较好地预测出断裂比功随混纺比变化的趋势,预测的误差大小与现有断裂强度、断裂伸长率表达式的预测误差相似,在可接受的范围内。本研究为预测混纺纱断裂比功提供了一种比较简单的方法,可为混纺纱的生产提供指导。

圣麻纯纺及混纺纱力学性能的测试与分析

为了探讨圣麻Modal纤维混纺纱的混纺比及圣麻纤维纯纺纱捻系数对成纱力学性能影响，将圣麻纤维以不同的捻系数纯纺及圣麻与Modal纤维以不同的混纺比混纺成纱，并对其成纱性能进行拉伸测试与分析。结果表明：当圣麻纤维的含量为70％左右时，混纺纱的断裂强力最低；当圣麻纤维含量在30％～40％时，圣麻纤维含量对成纱断裂强力和成纱伸长率的影响具有同时性，纺纱生产时应避免圣麻纤维含量为70％的比例。圣麻纯纺纱的临界捻系数为420左右。

混纺比对竹浆棉混纺纱强伸性能的影响

研究不同混纺比例竹浆棉混纺纱的强伸性能。通过测试纯竹浆纱与竹浆/棉70/30、竹浆/棉55/45、竹浆/棉30/70混纺纱以及纯棉纱的断裂强度、断裂功和断裂伸长率,分析了竹浆纤维与棉纤维混纺比对混纺纱强伸性能的影响。结果表明,当竹浆棉混纺纱的混纺比为70∶30时,混纺纱的断裂强度、断裂功和断裂伸长率出现一个极低值,在实际应用中,应尽量避免选用该混纺比。

纳米银抗菌涤纶纱线强伸性能的研究

探讨捻系数和混纺比对纳米银抗菌涤纶纯纺纱及纳米银抗菌涤纶精梳棉混纺纱成纱强伸性能的影响。将纳米银抗菌涤纶纤维以不同的捻系数纯纺,并与精梳棉以不同的混纺比混纺成纱,对其成纱强伸性能进行测试与分析。结果表明:当纳米银抗菌涤纶/精梳棉混纺比分别在41/59和44/56时,混纺纱的断裂强度和断裂伸长率达到最低值;纳米银抗菌涤纶纤维纯纺纱的临界捻系数在372.3附近。认为:在实际工艺设计中,应参照临界捻系数372.3合理配置细纱捻度;应从最终功能及成本出发,综合考虑选择纳米银抗菌涤纶精梳棉混纺纱的混纺比。

利用韧性比指标进行改性沥青低温性能评价

为了评价改性沥青低温性能,采用FDT试验进行研究,并将试验结果与沥青常规试验及SHRP试验结果进行比较,验证了FDT试验的可行性。基于FDT试验提出了新的沥青低温性能评价指标韧性比RT/V,然后利用RT/V进行多种不同改性沥青的低温性能评价,并比较常规试验指标及SHRP试验指标。结果表明,利用韧性比指标进行沥青低温性能评价与用常规指标和SHRP指标具有高度一致性,而且FDT试验具有操作简单,设备价格低廉等优点,因此利用韧性比进行沥青低温性能评价具有可行性。同时通过RT/V与BBR试验的m值相关性分析,提出要使得改性沥青具有良好的低温抗裂性能,即BBR试验的m值大于0.3,则要求RT/V不小于5.4。

冻融对塑钢纤维轻骨料混凝土强度和韧性的影响研究

在轻骨料混凝土中掺入塑钢纤维,通过对冻融后混凝土进行立方体抗压强度与劈裂抗拉强度试验,研究冻融对轻骨料混凝土抗压强度、劈拉强度及拉压比的影响。参照标准试验方法,按不同纤维掺量和不同冻融循环次数设计了12组纤维轻骨料混凝土试件以及4组未掺纤维轻骨料混凝土对比试件,塑钢纤维掺量为3、6、9 kgm3,冻融循环次数为0、50、100、150。试验结果表明,经冻融作用后的不同纤维掺量轻骨料混凝土拉压比均有不同程度的衰减,纤维掺量3 kgm3轻骨料混凝土在经受不同程度的冻融作用下仍能保持较高的韧性。

不同混纺比的甲壳素/棉混纺纱性能研究

基于甲壳素纤维在保健方面的优越性能,将其与天然棉纤维进行混纺,纺制出5种不同比例的纱线,分别是纯棉、1∶9、2∶8、3∶7、4∶6甲/棉混纺纱。通过织物性能测试与对比分析,得到最佳混纺比,使棉纤维在发挥自身优良性能的同时,额外获得抗菌方面的保健功效。实验结果表明,随着甲壳素含量的增加,对混纺纱的强伸性能和条干不匀有显著影响,而对纱线毛羽影响不大。

混纺比对麻涤纱线性能的影响

本文通过对不同混纺比下的麻涤混纺纱的性能测试分析得出 :涤纶比例必须达到一定量 ( 4 0 % )后 ,混纺纱的断裂伸长率才能随着涤纶比列的提高而逐渐改善 ;随着混纺比的改变 ,在涤纶含量为 50 %左右 ,混纺纱的断裂强力将出现一个低谷 ;随着涤纶含量的增加 ,毛羽和条干指标得以改善。

岩层脆塑比在煤层断层成因分析中的应用

主要讨论在构造应力场相似条件下 ,煤层顶、底板岩体力学性质与煤层小断层之间的关系 .岩体力学性质的表述方法很多 ,岩层脆塑比是其中重要的表示方法之一 .在计算岩层脆塑比时 ,首先要计算并确定岩层的厚度范围 ,其次是计算脆性岩层和塑性岩层的厚度 .由于岩层岩性有一定的差别 ,因此 ,计算时不能简单的相加求和 ,应当通过强度调整系数换算后再进行计算 .

转轮用高屈强比高韧性不锈钢焊接接头微观组织与性能

本文针对应用于大型转轮的高屈强比高韧性铸造不锈钢的焊接接头组织及力学性能进行了研究,结果表明,焊后经过480℃退火处理后接头微观组织均为单相板条马氏体,接头拉伸性能良好,而接头焊缝区域的韧性较差;而经过590℃退火处理后,微观组织除板条马氏体外,在靠近热影响区的母材、热影响区存在少量铁素体。接头强度降低,而接头各区域的冲击韧性良好。

毛/涤混纺纱电磁波定捻工艺研究

探讨利用电磁波定捻装置对毛/涤混纺纱进行定捻的工艺技术。分析了传统热湿定捻方法存在的缺点,通过正交试验确定毛/涤混纺纱电磁波定捻的较优工艺,并测试了定捻前后纱线的相关性能指标,即毛/涤混纺纱电磁波定捻较优工艺为功率4档、时间4 min、纱线回潮率控制在9.7%左右。结果表明:采用较优的电磁波定捻工艺后,纱线断裂强度增加了15.1%左右,断裂伸长率增加了1.9%左右,定捻率达到了83%以上,满足了生产要求。

基于混纺纱强伸性能研究的耐高温抗荷服面料研制

芳纶是耐高温抗荷服面料的理想材料。通过对混纺纱断裂特性的分析,建立了间位芳纶/Technora混纺纱断裂强度、断裂伸长率与混纺比之间的理论关系;并运用所建立的关系,合理地设计混纺比,制作出更好地满足强伸性能要求的新型阻燃耐高温抗荷服面料。

Absorption and Permeability of Air-jet Textured Glass Fiber Yarn and Its Fabric for Resin

The Absorption and permeability of air-jet textured glass fiber yarn and its fabric and bonded tenacity of the fabric have been studied in relation to the main parameters, air supplied pressure and overfeed ratio.It has been observed that increasing the level of main parameters improves the coated ratio of the textured yarn and its fabric as well as the bonded tenacity of the fabric made of textured yarn. Comparison of absorption or permeability between textured and supplied yarns, and comparison of absorption or permeability and bonded tenacity between the two kinds of fabrics have been elucidated.

Investigation of the Physical Properties of Jute Blended Yarn Using a Novel Approach in Spinning Process

This work reports the successful outcomes to process the polyester, acrylic and wool fiber along with jute fiber exclusively using existing jute processing machineries for manufacturing the 241 tex jute blended yarn. The blending was performed at feeding stage of breaker carding machine and blending ratio of jute and polyester/acrylic/wool fibers is 80:20. Manufacturing of jute blended yarns will create a new opportunity for extending the uses of jute fibers in value added jute products. The present work is concerned with the investigation of physical properties such as tenacity, elongation % at break, quality ratio, unevenness, imperfections (thick, thin & neps) and hairiness of manufactured jute blended yarns. The jute-polyester (80/20) blended yarn shows the higher strength and more evenness compared to jute-acrylic (80/20), jute-wool (80/20) blended and 100% jute yarn.

The Effect of Stem Diameter on the <i>Brassica napus</i>(Type: Canola) (Cultivar: HYHEAR 3) Fiber Quality

A matured canola plant has different types of stems based on the diameter, such as narrow (immature), medium (mature), and wide (over mature). Therefore, this study was focused on investigating the properties of the extracted canola (HYREAR 3) fibers from 3 different diameter of stems (narrow, medium and wide). The physical (average length, aspect ratio, contact angle, and moisture regain) and mechanical (load at break, elongation at break, tensile stress, young’s modulus, and tenacity) properties of fibers were measured. ANOVA showed that stem diameter had effects on all fiber properties except for average length and elongation at break. Fiber diameter also had significant effects on load at break, elongation at break, aspect ratio, tensile stress, and young’s modulus. In corrgram, it was found that tensile stress, young’s modulus, and aspect ratio were negatively correlated to fiber diameter whereas load at break and tenacity were positively associated. Mean values showed that stem diameter had effects on all fiber properties except for average length. The mean values of fiber diameter, load at break, elongation at break, tenacity, and contact angle were highest and the lowest mean values were observed for tensile stress, young’s modulus and aspect ratio in fibers of 7 - 10 mm stems (medium matured), hence found to be less stiff. Moisture regain ability showed that canola fibers isolated from ≥8 mm stem diameter were more hydrophobic whereas contact angle measurement showed relatively more hydrophobic nature of 7 - 10 mm stem fibers. Therefore, this study provided an insightful understanding of the quality of the canola fibers of different stems which will ultimately help to choose the best stem to extract different qualities of fibers for commercial uses.

Observation of a Chemical Softener’s Effects on Stem-Specific Lignocellulosic <i>Brassica napus</i>(Type: Canola) (Cultivar: HYHEAR 3) Fiber Quality

Chemical softener (Cepreton UN) is used to soften the cellulosic fiber (cotton) in the textile industries to make clothes better to touch. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of Cepreton UN on both physical (length, aspect ratio, contact angle, and moisture regain) and mechanical (load at break, elongation at break, tensile stress, young’s modulus, and tenacity) properties of the lignocellulosic canola (HYREAR 3) fibers extracted from narrow, medium, and wide stems. ANOVA showed that fiber diameter had strong effects on elongation at break, load at break, tensile stress, young’s modulus, and aspect ratio for all fibers. Corrgram values showed that tensile stress, young’s modulus, and aspect ratio were negatively correlated to fiber diameter whereas load at break and tenacity were mostly positively correlated to fiber diameter. The fibers were treated with 2% and 10% Cepreton UN and compared with control fibers. In most cases, the fiber diameter was decreased in both 2% and 10% treated medium stem fibers. The mean values of elongation at break, load at break, tenacity, and contact angle were decreased for 10% and increased for 2% and the mean values of tensile stress, young’s modulus, and aspect ratio were decreased for 2% and increased for 10% treated medium stem fibers. Moisture regain (%) mostly decreased for 2%, and increased for 10% treated fibers. Low pH (4.5) had an almost similar effect on fibers as 2% Cepreton UN. Overall, 2% Cepreton UN treatment is found to be better than 10% to make canola fibers less stiff and low pH was found to be an alternative softener treatment strategy.

聚酰胺酯棉混纺纱生产工艺及性能研究

探讨聚酰胺酯棉混纺纱的生产工艺及性能。根据聚酰胺酯纤维特点,合理设计了聚酰胺酯棉混纺纱的工艺参数,通过Origin软件对纺出5种不同混纺比的聚酰胺酯棉混纺纱的性能指标进行分析。结果表明:随着聚酰胺酯纤维含量的增加,纱线断裂强度呈先减小后增大的趋势,断裂伸长率呈递增趋势,成纱条干、细节先变好后变差,粗节、棉结逐渐减少,毛羽逐渐增多。认为:当聚酰胺酯纤维含量达到65%时,成纱的综合性能较理想。

聚丙烯腈纤维的物理性能及高强度聚丙烯腈纤维的制备

断裂强度是聚丙烯腈纤维最重要的参数之一,也是纺织行业客户的基本要求。在共聚物制备和纺丝过程中可以采取不同的方法,如提高固含量,改变黏度、凝固浴、干燥器等,提高断裂强度。但是在工业化、大规模、持续生产过程中会有很多限制问题。研究了工业生产中一些决定性因素,尤其是牵伸、收缩和凝固条件对提高断裂强度的影响。Polyacryl公司的AcrylicⅡ工厂利用二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)作为溶剂,通过溶液聚合得到聚合物,并用湿法纺丝方法制备了纤维。