Underlying modern Chinese sanwen(or prose)are long-established wenzhang traditions.Emerging in the transformation from traditional wenzhang to modern literature,modern Chinese sanwen had gone through a complicated pro...Underlying modern Chinese sanwen(or prose)are long-established wenzhang traditions.Emerging in the transformation from traditional wenzhang to modern literature,modern Chinese sanwen had gone through a complicated process before acquiring its atypical stylistic characteristics and being relegated to a marginal place in modern literature.Nevertheless,this has also provided it with the possibility of breaking through its current dilemma.A reconstructed theory of Chinese sanwen must center on the core of“the person—the writings,”to build a four-level theoretical structure comprised of knowledge and experience,thought and emotion,spirit and mind realm,and style and form.It should also draw on the wisdoms of traditional Chinese thought and art and incorporate the historical characteristics of wenzhang(its basis on the Dao or Way,connection with history,engagement with reality,and manifestation in literature),so as to pave a path between the person and the writings and establish a viable evaluative sanwen discourse system with Chinesecharacteristics.展开更多
Chinese Zhusuan is a time-honored traditional method of performing mathematical calculations with an abacus.Practitioners can perform addition,subtraction,multiplication,division, exponential multiplication,root and m...Chinese Zhusuan is a time-honored traditional method of performing mathematical calculations with an abacus.Practitioners can perform addition,subtraction,multiplication,division, exponential multiplication,root and more complicated equations by moving beads along the abacus rods according to defined formulas.展开更多
Over the past decade,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) has widely embraced systems biology and its various data integration approaches to promote its modernization.Thus,integrative pharmacology-based traditional Chine...Over the past decade,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) has widely embraced systems biology and its various data integration approaches to promote its modernization.Thus,integrative pharmacology-based traditional Chinese medicine(TCMIP) was proposed as a paradigm shift in TCM.This review focuses on the presentation of this novel concept and the main research contents,methodologies and applications of TCMIP.First,TCMIP is an interdisciplinary science that can establish qualitative and quantitative pharmacokinetics-pharmacodynamics(PK-PD) correlations through the integration of knowledge from multiple disciplines and techniques and from different PK-PD processes in vivo.Then,the main research contents of TCMIP are introduced as follows:chemical and ADME/PK profiles of TCM formulas;confirming the three forms of active substances and the three action modes;establishing the qualitative PK-PD correlation;and building the quantitative PK-PD correlations,etc.After that,we summarize the existing data resources,computational models and experimental methods of TCMIP and highlight the urgent establishment of mathematical modeling and experimental methods.Finally,we further discuss the applications of TCMIP for the improvement of TCM quality control,clarification of the molecular mechanisms underlying the actions of TCMs and discovery of potential new drugs,especially TCM-related combination drug disco very.展开更多
基金Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, Malaysia (06-02-12-SF0247)Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province, China (2021JM-468)Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shaanxi Province, China (SZY-KJCYC-2023-018)。
文摘Underlying modern Chinese sanwen(or prose)are long-established wenzhang traditions.Emerging in the transformation from traditional wenzhang to modern literature,modern Chinese sanwen had gone through a complicated process before acquiring its atypical stylistic characteristics and being relegated to a marginal place in modern literature.Nevertheless,this has also provided it with the possibility of breaking through its current dilemma.A reconstructed theory of Chinese sanwen must center on the core of“the person—the writings,”to build a four-level theoretical structure comprised of knowledge and experience,thought and emotion,spirit and mind realm,and style and form.It should also draw on the wisdoms of traditional Chinese thought and art and incorporate the historical characteristics of wenzhang(its basis on the Dao or Way,connection with history,engagement with reality,and manifestation in literature),so as to pave a path between the person and the writings and establish a viable evaluative sanwen discourse system with Chinesecharacteristics.
文摘Chinese Zhusuan is a time-honored traditional method of performing mathematical calculations with an abacus.Practitioners can perform addition,subtraction,multiplication,division, exponential multiplication,root and more complicated equations by moving beads along the abacus rods according to defined formulas.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 81830111 and 81774201)National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFC1702104 and 2017YFC1702303)+2 种基金the Youth Innovation Team of Shaanxi Universities and Shaanxi Provincial Science and Technology Department Project (No. 2016SF-378, China)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central public Welfare Research Institutes (ZXKT17058, China)the National Science and Technology Major Project of China (2019ZX09201005-001-003)。
文摘Over the past decade,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) has widely embraced systems biology and its various data integration approaches to promote its modernization.Thus,integrative pharmacology-based traditional Chinese medicine(TCMIP) was proposed as a paradigm shift in TCM.This review focuses on the presentation of this novel concept and the main research contents,methodologies and applications of TCMIP.First,TCMIP is an interdisciplinary science that can establish qualitative and quantitative pharmacokinetics-pharmacodynamics(PK-PD) correlations through the integration of knowledge from multiple disciplines and techniques and from different PK-PD processes in vivo.Then,the main research contents of TCMIP are introduced as follows:chemical and ADME/PK profiles of TCM formulas;confirming the three forms of active substances and the three action modes;establishing the qualitative PK-PD correlation;and building the quantitative PK-PD correlations,etc.After that,we summarize the existing data resources,computational models and experimental methods of TCMIP and highlight the urgent establishment of mathematical modeling and experimental methods.Finally,we further discuss the applications of TCMIP for the improvement of TCM quality control,clarification of the molecular mechanisms underlying the actions of TCMs and discovery of potential new drugs,especially TCM-related combination drug disco very.
