Quality of object relations modifies the effectiveness of short- and long-term psychotherapy on self-concept

The quality of object relations affects interpersonal behaviour, but it is not known whether it modifies effectiveness on personality functioning in psychotherapies of different mode and length. In this study we estimated the modifying effect of the quality of object relations on the effect of solution-focused therapy (SFT) and shortand long-term psychodynamic psychotherapy (SPP and LPP) on self-concept. A total of 326 patients were assessed at baseline with the Quality of Object Relations Scale (QORS) and 4 times during a 3-year follow-up with the Structural Analysis of Social Behavior self-concept questionnaire, comprising altogether 10 scores on different aspects of self-concept pathology. The effectiveness of SFT, but not SPP, was significantly poorer in several domains (5/10) of self-concept for patients with low QORS, i.e. those with less mature relational patterns, than for patients with high QORS, while the reversal occurred in some (3/10) self-concept domains in LPP. The results suggest that the quality of object relations has significance for treatment selection in therapies with different mode and length.

A Contrastive Study on the C-E Translation of the Verb of Perception zhijian from the Perspective of Subjective Consciousness and Objective Consciousness

Verbs of perception include sight,hearing,smell,taste and touch,of which zhijian belongs to sight is very common in literary works,and its semantic meaning also begins to change with the development of time.Based on the original text and two translated versions of the Water Margin,this paper makes a comparative analysis of the translation strategies of zhijian on the basis that Chinese emphasizes subjective consciousness and the mixed consciousness of subjectivity and objectivity,while English stresses objective consciousness with a clear boundary between subjectivity and objectivity.According to previous studies,this paper regroups the appearance of zhijian and divides it into two categories,namely zhijian at the beginning of a sentence and at the beginning of a minor sentence.On the basis of the context and the changing function of zhijian,that is,the function of being a verb and being a discourse marker,it can be concluded that as the meaning of a verb,the real action,the meaning of zhijian is expressed by“seeing”,so translators usually adopt literal translation;while as a discourse marker,it is no longer the main component of sentence structure,but to highlight the following information,translators will adopt deletion,conversion and retaining.It can be seen that translators often need to convert Chinese characterized by subjective consciousness into English dominated by objective consciousness,thus conforming to various meaning of zhijian.

Subjectivities of the Scientific Endeavor:Noting the Illusion of Objectivity in the History of Science and Medicine

The history of science and medicine has long been steeped in the notion that they are objective(untainted by the philosophical and ideological ebbs and flows of society)and utilitarian(doing what is best for the greater good).Because of this,scientific and medical epistemologies and praxis are often held to an esteem that is unquestioned,celebrated,and occasionally unchecked.A closer look at the history of science and medicine,however,readily reveal the extent to which the milieu of society has informed scientific and medical endeavors.As such,an understanding of how the subjectivities of scientific and medical endeavors situate within our contemporary disciplines and practices is significant to one’s ability to truly understand said disciplines.Likewise,such an evaluation will provide insight into our role in perpetuating the illusion of objectivity in these fields.With this in mind,this paper provides a philosophical and historical examination of the concept of objectivity(in contrast to subjectivity)in science and medicine.

Fuzzy topological relations between fuzzy spatial objects

Fuzziness is an internal property of spatial objects.How to model fuzziness of a spatial object is a main task of next generation GIS.This paper proposes basic fuzzy spatial object types based on fuzzy topology.These object types are the natural extension of current nonfuzzy spatial object types.A fuzzy cell complex structure is defined for modeling fuzzy regions,lines and points.Furthermore,fuzzy topological relations between these fuzzy spatial objects are formalized based on the 9intersection approach.This model can be implemented for GIS applications due to its scientific theory basis.

DEALING WITH SPATIAL RELATIONS FOR SPATIAL OBJECTS WITH RANDOMNESS IN GIS

To design retrieval algorithm of spatial relations for spatial objects with randomness in GIS,this paper builds up the membership functions based on set theory idea,used for determination of topological spatial relations between random objects,such as between point and point,point and line or polygon,which provides theoretical basis for retrieving spatial relations between certain and random objects.Finally,this paper interprets detailed methods and steps of realizing them by means of some simple examples under the GIS’s environment.

Research on Demand Response Potential of Adjustable Loads in Demand Response Scenarios

To address the issues of limited demand response data,low generalization of demand response potential evaluation,and poor demand response effect,the article proposes a demand response potential feature extraction and prediction model based on data mining and a demand response potential assessment model for adjustable loads in demand response scenarios based on subjective and objective weight analysis.Firstly,based on the demand response process and demand response behavior,obtain demand response characteristics that characterize the process and behavior.Secondly,establish a feature extraction and prediction model based on data mining,including similar day clustering,time series decomposition,redundancy processing,and data prediction.The predicted values of each demand response feature on the response day are obtained.Thirdly,the predicted data of various characteristics on the response day are used as demand response potential evaluation indicators to represent different demand response scenarios and adjustable loads,and a demand response potential evaluation model based on subjective and objective weight allocation is established to calculate the demand response potential of different adjustable loads in different demand response scenarios.Finally,the effectiveness of the method proposed in the article is verified through examples,providing a reference for load aggregators to formulate demand response schemes.

Comprehensive Evaluation of Distributed PV Grid-Connected Based on Combined Weighting Weights and TOPSIS-RSR Method

To effectively quantify the impact of distributed photovoltaic(PV)access on the distribution network,this paper proposes a comprehensive evaluation method of distributed PV grid connection combining subjective and objective combination of assignment and technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution(TOPSIS)—rank sum ratio(RSR)(TOPSIS-RSR)method.Based on the traditional distribution network evaluation system,a comprehensive evaluation system has been constructed.It fully considers the new development requirements of distributed PV access on the environmental friendliness and absorptive capacity of the distribution grid and comprehensively reflects the impact of distributed PV grid connection.The analytic hierarchy process(AHP)was used to determine the subjective weights of the primary indicators,and the Spearman consistency test was combined to determine the weights of the secondary indicators based on three objective assignment methods.The subjective and objective combination weights of each assessment indicator were calculated through the principle of minimum entropy.Calculate the distance between the indicators to be evaluated and the positive and negative ideal solutions,the relative closeness ranking,and qualitative binning by TOPSIS-RSR method to obtain the comprehensive evaluation results of different scenarios.By setting up different PV grid-connected scenarios and utilizing the IEEE33 node simulation algorithm,the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed subject-object combination assignment and integrated assessment method are verified.

Perceptual Quality Assessment of Omnidirectional Images:Subjective Experiment and Objective Model Evaluation

Virtual reality(VR) environment can provide immersive experience to viewers.Under the VR environment, providing a good quality of experience is extremely important.Therefore, in this paper, we present an image quality assessment(IQA) study on omnidirectional images. We first build an omnidirectional IQA(OIQA) database, including 16 source images with their corresponding 320 distorted images. We add four commonly encountered distortions. These distortions are JPEG compression, JPEG2000 compression, Gaussian blur, and Gaussian noise. Then we conduct a subjective quality evaluation study in the VR environment based on the OIQA database. Considering that visual attention is more important in VR environment, head and eye movement data are also tracked and collected during the quality rating experiments. The 16 raw and their corresponding distorted images,subjective quality assessment scores, and the head-orientation data and eye-gaze data together constitute the OIQA database. Based on the OIQA database, we test some state-of-the-art full-reference IQA(FR-IQA) measures on equirectangular format or cubic formatomnidirectional images. The results show that applying FR-IQA metrics on cubic format omnidirectional images could improve their performance. The performance of some FR-IQA metrics combining the saliency weight of three different types are also tested based on our database. Some new phenomena different from traditional IQA are observed.

Influence of Subjective Knowledge, Objective Knowledge and Health Consciousness on Olive Oil Consumption—A Case Study

Unlike the case in Mediterranean countries, where olive oil consumption is driven by habit or tradition, in a population where olive oil consumption rates are considerably low, it appears reasonable to suppose that the initial decision to buy a fairly expensive product—as is the case with olive oil in the Uruguayan market—may result from an individual’s overall interest in health-related issues and/or their acquaintance with relevant nutritional properties of the particular product—in this case, olive oil. Consumer subjective and objective knowledge, interest in health-related issues, and demographic variables were studied for their potential relationship (explanatory capacity) with olive oil consumption frequency, using a sample of 256 inhabitants of Montevideo (Uruguay). Several of the studied variables were found to relate to olive oil consumption, such as subjective and objective knowledge, age, education level, marital status, and interest in health-related issues. Subjective knowledge was found to have the highest explanatory capacity. An increase in subjective knowledge is therefore expected to lead to an increase in consumption frequency among regular olive oil consumers, while it may also encourage less frequent or non-consumers to purchase olive oil and become acquainted with the product.

Mapping of Freshwater Lake Wetlands Using Object-Relations and Rule-based Inference

Inland freshwater lake wetlands play an important role in regional ecological balance.Hongze Lake is the fourth biggest freshwater lake in China.In the past three decades,there has been significant loss of freshwater wetlands within the lake and at the mouths of neighboring rivers,due to disturbance,primarily from human activities.The main purpose of this paper was to explore a practical technology for differentiating wetlands effectively from upland types in close proximity to them.In the paper,an integrated method,which combined per-pixel and per-field classification,was used for mapping wetlands of Hongze Lake and their neighboring upland types.Firstly,Landsat ETM+ imagery was segmented and classified by using spectral and textural features.Secondly,ETM+ spectral bands,textural features derived from ETM+ Pan imagery,relative relations between neighboring classes,shape features,and elevation were used in a decision tree classification.Thirdly,per-pixel classification results from the decision tree classifier were improved by using classification results from object-oriented classification as a context.The results show that the technology has not only overcome the salt-and-pepper effect commonly observed in the past studies,but also has improved the accuracy of identification by nearly 5%.

Argument Ambiguities Make Subject Relative Clause More Difficult to Process than Object Relative Clause in Mandarin

Relative clauses(RCs)processing has been a hot issue in decades.Studies from head-initial languages have found that SRCs were easier to comprehend than ORCs,and many different models were constructed to account for SRCs preference.Chinese are head-final languages and the head noun phrases are behind the internal-clause.Such a great difference in syntactic structure made Chinese to be the optimum material to test the models mentioned above.In the paper,two experiments were carried out using eye-movement tracking methods to explore the difficulty with RCs processing in mandarin,and results showed that:when the two noun phrases were both from animate category,SRCs were more difficult than ORCs,but when the noun phrases in the internal-relative-clause were inanimate and the noun phrases in the matrix were animate,the difficulties with SRCs were greatly reduced.Based on these findings,we hold that the linear syntactic distance between the gap and the filler was not the key reason to the difficulty with SRCs.On the contrary,the ambiguity in argument construction may be the most important.

Efficient Spam Filtering System Based on Smart Cooperative Subjective and Objective Methods

Most of the spam filtering techniques are based on objective methods such as the content filtering and DNS/reverse DNS checks. Recently, some cooperative subjective spam filtering techniques are proposed. Objective methods suffer from the false positive and false negative classification. Objective methods based on the content filtering are time consuming and resource demanding. They are inaccurate and require continuous update to cope with newly invented spammer’s tricks. On the other side, the existing subjective proposals have some drawbacks like the attacks from malicious users that make them unreliable and the privacy. In this paper, we propose an efficient spam filtering system that is based on a smart cooperative subjective technique for content filtering in addition to the fastest and the most reliable non-content-based objective methods. The system combines several applications. The first is a web-based system that we have developed based on the proposed technique. A server application having extra features suitable for the enterprises and closed work groups is a second part of the system. Another part is a set of standard web services that allow any existing email server or email client to interact with the system. It allows the email servers to query the system for email filtering. They can also allow the users via the mail user agents to participate in the subjective spam filtering problem.

Research on the Mapping Technology of CIM and Relational Database in Power Grid

With the development of electric power industry,the requirement of information sharing and application integration between each application system is salience.To realize the real "sharing information,data maintenance uniform",and effectively eliminate "island of information",a standard,open information model of power system should be followed urgently by different systems,and a common data interface should be provided.The Common Information Model(CIM) proposed by standard of IEC-61970 solve the problem effectively.The characteristics of the CIM Model and relational database of power system are analyzed,a mapping method between CIM model based on standard of IEC61970 and relational database is proposed,and corresponding problems between object-oriented model and the relational model are solved flexiblely.

Associations between the Rorschach Ego Impairment Index and Measures on Intrapsychic and Interpersonal Functioning

The Rorschach Ego Impairment Index-2 (EII-2) has shown considerable validity as a measure of personality disturbance. However, few studies have been conducted on the associations between the EII-2 and measures related to ego strength and interpersonal capacities in mood and anxiety disorder patients. This study examined the strength of associations between the EII-2 and its subcomponents with measures of psychological suitability for psychotherapy, personality functioning, and interpersonal problems. A total of 315 outpatients with mood or anxiety disorders were assessed with the Rorschach Comprehensive System (RCS), comprising the EII-2, the Suitability for Psychotherapy Scale (SPS), the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems (IIP-64), and the Quality of Object Relations Scale (QORS), as part of a pre-treatment evaluation. The relatively weak associations found in the study between the EII-2 and the other measures were mostly in the hypothesized direction and often modified by personality pathology. Of the EII-2 subcomponents, the Good Human Representation (GHR) variable was associated with the SPS. The subcomponent Critical Contents were associated with the IIP and the subcomponent WSum6 with the IIP and QORS. Further research is needed to clarify whether the EII-2 has incremental validity in predicting the treatment outcome and alliance in comparison to interview-based and self-report measures.

The Four Intersection-and-Difference Model for Line-Line Topological Relations

对线线的描述拓扑的关系尽管许多努力被做了，仍然是一个未解决的问题。这个问题涉及象空间质问，空间分析和制图综合那样的许多实际应用。开发一条健全、有效的途径描述线线关系，它是第一必要排队定义一个个人的拓扑学，即，本地拓扑学。连接的度的概念在一根线的几何结构被用于拓扑的差别的鉴定。一根线的一般拓扑的定义被给，即，端点集合和内部点设定。这个定义能被用于不同尺寸的嵌入的空格，合作尺寸是否等于或比零大。在这个基础上，打电话给 4 intersection-and-difference 的一个通用模型为对基本线线的描述被建立拓扑的关系，一张概念的邻居图与拓扑的距离的考虑在之上被造。建议模型能在 /R^1 和 /R^2 代表在线片断之间的拓扑的变化，和基本关系的性质，这被结束。

Subject,Object and Target Systems of Rural Human Resource Development

From subject,object and target subsystems,we analyze the rural human resource development system.The subject system includes government,education and training organizations,society,and rural human resource itself.Different development subject bears different responsibility.Object system includes farmers engaged in farming,farmer workers,rural unemployed people,rural students,rural left-behind people,and other people in rural areas.Different development object has different features.Development target system includes raising quality of rural human resource,keeping reasonable population size,optimizing structure of rural human resource,and improving vitality of rural human resource,etc.

一种基于Subject-Action-Object三元组的知识基因提取方法

以专利引证网络为载体,从知识基因稳定性、遗传性以及变异性等基本特征出发,提出一种基于subject-action-object三元组的知识基因提取方法.应用连接度算法分析专利引证关系,挖掘引证专利和被引专利之间继承和发展的知识流,建立知识进化轨迹;利用文本语法分析技术,从专利权利要求书中提取subject-action-object三元组;基于语义词库WordNet进行语义加工,计算语义相似度,合并同义的subject-action-object三元组,绘制知识基因图谱.从美国专利数据库中采集了5 073项1975—1999年授权的数据挖掘领域的相关专利,分析了专利的地区分布情况和年度分布情况.从NBER(National Bureau of Economic Research)的专利数据集中查询得到专利引证关系,利用网络分析软件Pajek构建专利引证网络,作为实验数据样本,对所提出的知识基因提取方法进行验证.实验结果表明:所提取的subject-action-object三元组具备了知识基因稳定性、遗传性和变异性等特征,可以作为知识基因的一种表现形式.

基于J2EE的O/R(Object-Relation)映射方案研究

对象模型和关系模型是两种完全不同的模式,在开发中如何实现对象到关系的映射是一个关键的问题,分析了对象关系映射不匹配的各个方面,以及当前的各种持久化解决方案,并重点分析了透明对象关系映射的特点,最后对如何实现对象关系映射的关键技术进行了研究。

客体缺失的创伤和客体关系的修复——电影《Lars and the Real Girl》的心理分析

《Lars and the Real Girl》是一部生动阐述精神分析中客体关系理论的影片。文章旨在结合Winnicott的客体关系理论,分析有严重心理问题的主人公如何通过充气娃娃这个过渡性客体,与外部世界的关系发生改变、从而修复创伤的过程。重点分析主人公如何因生命中重要客体的丧失而形成创伤,如何从主观全能感走向具有现实检测能力,如何在主客体多重角色的互动中修复创伤,以及有哪些多重过渡空间带来了疗愈作用。