Malaria Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors among Batwa Indigenous People of Kanungu District in Southwestern Uganda: Does “Place” Matter?

Introduction: Malaria is an important disease, causing high morbidity and mortality, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa. Measuring malaria prevalence using malaria rapid diagnostic tests (mRDTs), particularly among a vulnerable population sub-group, is a vital public health step in discovering effective methods of prevention and control. This study set out to examine the association between “place” and other risk factors with malaria prevalence among Batwa Indigenous People (IP). Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study design was implemented. Two surveys January 2014 (n = 572) and April 2014 (n = 541) involving interviews and testing for malaria using mRDTs were conducted in 10 Batwa settlements where a total of 1113 Batwa of all ages were surveyed and tested. The data were first compiled in MS Excel and then imported and analyzed using STATA ver.14. Descriptive statistics, were generated, followed by bivariable and multivariable regression model analysis to establish associations between the predictor and outcome variables with p ≤ 0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: Overall prevalence was 13.94% (n = 146). There is a significant relationship between settlement (place) and malaria prevalence AOR 11.7, 95% CI (1.38 - 98.93), p-value = 0.02. More males 16.97% (n = 84) tested positive compared to females 11.23% (n = 62) but there was no statistically significant association between gender and mRDT (p-value > 0.005). Children less than 5 years registered high prevalence and there was a significant relationship between age and mRDT (p-value ≤ 0.005). Wealth proxy indicators showed no association with prevalence p-value = 0.390. Season had no association with prevalence (p-value = 0.80). However, the proportion of the day spent in the forest/woodlands was significantly associated with malaria prevalence COR 12.83, 95% CI (1.14 - 143.73) p-value = 0.04. Low elevation was significantly associated with malaria prevalence COR 2.42, 95% CI (1.32 - 4.41), p = 0.004 but sleeping under a net and level of education did not show any association with malaria prevalence. Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of place in predicting malaria prevalence among Batwa Indigenous People a marginalized and remortely located sub-population. This study has shown that place matters in determining malaria prevalence. However, other factors like age, elevation and gender also contribute to malaria prevalence. Batwa have higher prevalence than the national and even non-indigenous populations in the same district. We recommend targeting hotspots intervention approach since it has proven reasonable impact on reducing malaria prevalence.

Perceptions of People on Police Efficiency and Crime Prevention in Urban Areas in Malaysia

Crime cases from snatch thefts to murders, are becoming increasingly common in Malaysia according to the database of the Royal Malaysian Police （RMP）, the current overall Crime Index in Malaysia was 147,062 for 2013 compared with 65,237 in 1977. The database also revealed that the number of property crimes reported in this country has always exceeded the number of violent crimes. Although in 2013, crimes related to property are higher （117,687） than violent crime （29,375）, the gradual increase in the latter does worry Malaysians. Likewise, Malaysian Government had implemented a ＂safe community＂ concept, inspired by the Malaysian Crime Prevention Foundation （MCPF）, a non-government organization, as they were concerned that the threat of violent crime and non-violent crime would eventually reduce the quality of life for many individuals. The concept is very important to the public as it is perceived as improved safety for the public with less crime. This study analyzes the public safety through their perceptions on the effectiveness of the policeman and suggesting few prevention actions against crime. The data were collected using a self-administered survey questionnaire. Specifically, this study focuses on the more developed states in this country. From the cross tabulation analysis, the majority of respondents agreed that the police are effective in controlling crime. Approximately, 72.1% of respondents felt that the police are efficient in controlling crime.

A Corpus-Based Analytical Study on Military and Security Developments Involving People＇s Republic of China

This paper contrasts Military Power of the People＇s Republic of China from the year of 2000 to 2009 and Military and Security Developments Involving People＇s Republic of China from the year 2010 to 2013 with corpus analysis. It distinguishes the new reports＇ differences from the old ones and tries to explore American＇s discourse colonization and discourse hegemony through corpus software WordSmith 5.0-Keywords and Concordance analysis of high frequency words. The significance of the study is that it enlightens military texts which will influence audiences＇ viewpoints and provides a new perspective for strategies replying American media war.

Interaction between XRCC1 Polymorphisms and Intake of Long-Term Stored Rice in the Risk of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma:A Case-Control Study

Objective This study aimed to explore the roles of three common single nucleotide polymorphisms in the X-ray repair cross-complementing group-1 gene （XRCC1） and of life style factors and their possible interactions in the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma （ESCC） in China. Methods A population-based case-control study of 432 cases and 915 controls was conducted in Yangzhong County, Jiangsu Province, China. Subjects were interviewed by trained interviewers using a structured questionnaire that included questions on demographics and life style. XRCC1 genotypes were analyzed using a polymerase chain reaction based restriction fragment length polymorphism （PCR-RFLP） assay. Unconditional logistic regression analysis was used to calculate adjusted odds ratios （aORs） and 95% confidence intervals （CIs） for associations of ESCC with XRCCI polymorphisms and lifestyle-related factors. Results Both the drinking of river water and alcohol intake history were significantly associated with an increased risk of ESCC among men with aORs of 4.20 （95% Ch 2.90-6.07） and 2.03 （95% Ch 1.43-2.89）, respectively. For women, the corresponding odds ratios were 8.37 （95% CI： 5.09-13.75） for river water drinking and 12.78 （95% CI： 2.69-60.69） for long-term stored rice intake. After the XRCC1 G28152A polymorphism was adjusted for potential confounders, subjects with GA and AA genotypes had an increased risk for ESCC （aOR： 1.21, 95% CI： 0.93-1.56）, compared with subjects with a GG genotype, and a positive multiplicative interaction between intake of long-term stored rice and the XRCC1 G28152A polymorphism was observed （P=O.009）.Conclusions Our findings suggest that both lifestyle-related factors, including drinking river water, long-term stored rice and alcohol intake, and the XRCC1 G28152A polymorphism were possible risk factors for ESCC, and that the XRCC1 G28152A polymorphism modified the effect of long-term stored rice intake on the risk of ESCC among Chinese people.

Analysis on the Consular Dimension of Sino-Indian Relations

This article explains reasons from the consular perspective why people to people exchange between China and India is not so active. Review of evolution of bilateral consular relations reveals that the basis of cross border personnel exchanges is weak with the closing of consulates of both countries in each other’s territory for nearly three decades. Relatively, small number of Chinese and Indian consular posts in each other’s territory means inconvenience for citizens to apply for visa for visiting the other and seeking consular assistance and protection. Inflexible visa policy of both countries toward citizens of the other party also accounts for the none-activeness. Considering the important role played by civilian exchange in advancing bilateral relations, China and India should establish more consular posts in each other’s territory and further relax visa requirements.

Study on the Value of ＂Education Involved by All Related People＂ in the Practice of the Socialist Core Values

The ideological and political education for students in institutions of higher learning is a complicated, systematic project. To unequivocally cultivate the socialist core values of these students and deeply influence their ideological understanding and behaviors, the concept of ＂education involved by all related people＂ is necessarily implemented in all aspects, and the joint force of ＂imparting knowledge and educating people＂ , ＂educating people by management＂ , and ＂educating people by service＂ is formed. As a result, the actual effectiveness of the ideological and political education is improved in institutions of higher learning.

Celebrating Diversity of Humanity, Struggling for Peace, and Establishing Culture of Coexistence

The Qur＇an embraces cultural pluralism, emphasising that “People, We created you all from a single man and a single woman, and made you into races and tribes so that you should recognize one another. ”（Q. 49： 13）. Moreover, peace is the most fundamental value in the Qur＇an and Islam. The majority of the classical Muslim jurists, especially Hanafi school, emphasised that the reason for Muslims＇ fight against non-Muslims is Muslims＇ defense themselves against attacks, not non-Muslims＇ faith. Bediuzzaman Said Nursi （d. 1960） states that the only kind of jihad that is appropriate for the present age is spiritual or moraljihad. Furthermore, regarding Qur＇anic approach to relations between Muslims and the People of the Book, Muslim scholars, in general, advocate sincere relations and trust between Muslims and the People of the Book. In addition, Said Nursi is one of the great Muslim scholars in interfaith dialogue in the 20th century. Finally, there is the need for establishing culture of coexistence, which practised before within a religious tradition such as Islamic tradition for many centuries in the history. Through achieving a culture of coexistence and peace, most conflicts can be resolved.

语篇语义视域下涉外警务应急救援沟通话语研究

以系统功能语言学语境与语言层次观为出发点,基于语篇语义系统,构建涉外警务应急救援沟通话语分析框架,用以分析涉外警务应急救援沟通各阶段的语篇语义特征和词汇语法特点,并在此基础上探讨如何增强警察的应急救援外语能力。涉外警务应急救援沟通话语的语类各阶段可以由概念、联接、评价、协商、周期和辨识六个语篇语义维度实现,在语言层面上由体现概念意义、人际意义和语篇意义的词汇语法资源来表达,进而强化涉外警务应急救援沟通准确、快速、清晰和安抚的话语特征。从叙事能力、协商能力、组篇能力和生存外语能力四方面提高警察的应急救援外语能力,有助于构建更高效的涉外警务应急救援沟通模式,为提升国家应急外语服务能力提供语言学支持。

多重约束下民警公务用枪的行动逻辑

公务用枪中存在的问题反映出公安机关在社会治理中的困境。实证研究发现,民警公务用枪的心理与行为受到多重条件的约束。文化与舆论是最外围的软性约束,影响着公务用枪的正义感。法律法规是较外围的刚性约束,决定着公务用枪的合法感。组织氛围是较内围的显性约束,决定着公务用枪的支持感。素质与训练则是最内围的硬性约束,决定着公务用枪的效能感。四个维度的用枪心理影响着民警在警务实战中的行为倾向和行为表现。涉枪事件的应对和涉枪民警的处理,又将反作用于涉枪民警及其他民警的心理与行为。研究结果为民警不愿拿枪、不敢用枪、不会用枪等问题找到一种阐释框架。

论新质生产力基础上的“新质民主”与“新质法治”的辩证统一

从分析“新质生产力”的性质、内涵、特征、构成要素及意义出发,运用马克思主义立场、观点和方法,坚持习近平法治思想为指导,可以明确提出“新质生产力”的出现和发展可能引起“新质生产关系”的形成,继而通过“新质经济基础”推动上层建筑朝着“新质上层建筑”转变的重大法理判断。“新质生产力”所引发的社会变革是客观规律,民主与法治作为上层建筑的重要组成部分,也会随着“新质生产力”的不断发展而日益呈现“新质民主”与“新质法治”的特征。“全过程人民民主”是“新质民主”的重要标志,而数字法治、涉外法治构成了“新质法治”的核心要素。法学界要及早规划、超前研究,对“新质生产力”发展可能引发的包含了民主与法治等要素在内的上层建筑可能发生的深远影响,从法理上进行深入分析并拿出切实可行的应对方案。

骨密度测量仪评估老年人骨密度与参数的关系

目的:探讨骨密度测量仪评估老年人群骨密度与相关参数的关系。方法:选取2019年3月~2021年3月收治的老年髋部骨折患者100例作为骨折组,老年体检者100例作为对照组。探讨骨密度测量仪评估老年人群骨密度与相关参数的关系。结果:骨折组患者在颈骨颈、股骨转子间、腰椎、Ward’s区及腰椎部位的骨密度、FNCT及FNCT/FNW均低于对照组,FMCW值高于对照组,骨质疏松组腰椎BMD与25-(OH)D3呈正相关,与Total-P1NP、β-CTX、N-MID等骨代谢志物呈负相关。结论:通过监测骨代谢指标水平有利于辅助临床早期诊断骨质疏松症。

成都肢体残疾人未满足辅助技术需求及其相关因素

目的调查成都市肢体残疾人未满足辅助技术需求,并分析其影响因素。方法2023年11月至2024年3月,对四川省“量体裁衣”服务平台登记的成都市肢体残疾人,采用世界卫生组织快速辅助技术评估问卷进行调查。结果共发放问卷558份,回收有效问卷527例。26.8%的残疾人有未满足辅助技术需求,移动辅具需求最高(66.0%)。缺少支持(54.9%)、价格昂贵(26.3%)和不了解辅助器具(20.3%)是未获得所需辅具的主要原因。丧偶(OR=3.615)、严重移动障碍(OR>2.926)、严重自我护理障碍(OR>2.781)是辅具需求未满足的风险因素(P<0.05)。结论应加大对辅具政策和辅具产品的宣传,关注不同障碍残疾人群的个性化辅具适配,增强辅具服务体系建设,以满足残疾人辅具需求。

基于深度语义分析的警务卷宗知识抽取

卷宗作为公安机关办案、结案的主要记录,包含大量关键的警务信息.面向警务卷宗的信息抽取是分析案情、挖掘犯罪趋势、提高治安管理水平的重要手段.卷宗类文本多由基层警务人员采用自然语言书写,关键信息抽取难度大.传统的警务卷宗信息抽取,多依赖人工及预定义模板,效率低且通用性差.针对以上问题,参考卷宗的警务特征,提出了一种基于深度语义分析的卷宗知识抽取方法.该方法包含命名实体识别与关系抽取2个核心内容.提出的命名实体识别方法,融合了汉字结构特征和字形特征;提出的关系抽取方法建立在实体识别的基础上,实现基于触发规则和触发词的2种抽取模式.在公开的微博数据集、项目合作方**市**分局的真实卷宗集上,提出的命名实体识别方法对比基线方法,在实体识别精确率及召回率上综合表现优异;自动抽取的关系也得到**分局的认可.相关信息系统已在**分局部署使用.

人文交流视角下中国网络小说在越南的传播和接受

人文交流是我国对外交往的重要内容。中越两国是文化相通的友好邻邦,在两国悠久的人文交流史上,文学交流是其中十分重要的构成部分。基于两国人民和文化间的高度认同,以及相似的世界观、价值观、人生观和审美观,中国文学作品在越南始终有很高的接受度。近年来,中国网络小说在越南被大量翻译出版,引发了广泛的社会影响。本文基于2000—2020年中国网络小说在越南翻译出版及网络转载的统计数据,对其在越南传播的过程和特点进行梳理和分析,为更好地开展中越人文交流活动提供一种新的视角和思路。在很大程度上,中国网络小说在越南的传播虽然是越南文化市场的自觉选择,但因缺少专业性的引导和规范而存在种种问题。然而,它作为一种民间、草根式的中越人文交流活动,不仅拉近了中越两国人民之间的心理距离,更为中越青年搭建了相知相亲的桥梁,对于推动中越两国的人文交流具有长期而深远的意义。

从中国式现代化理解民主:全过程人民民主的一种法理释读

全过程人民民主是社会主义民主政治的本质属性,发展全过程人民民主是中国式现代化的本质要求。系统回答在中国式现代化进程中发展全过程人民民主“何以必要”及“何以可能”的重大问题,就必须将全过程人民民主的内在逻辑与实践进路问题放置于中国式现代化的宏大场景中深入思考。全过程人民民主从民主与政治关系上为中国式现代化标识人类政治文明新向度,从民主与政党关系上为中国式现代化确立根本保证,从民主与法治关系上为中国式现代化稳预期、固根本、利长远,从民主实现方法上为中国式现代化丰富民主实践样态,从民主评判方法上为中国式现代化提供新的民主“度量衡”。未来,我国宜提升人民代表大会代表的专业化履职水平与积极性,推动政协建言资政和凝聚共识双向发力,推进基层立法联系点制度系统性完善,提升人民民主参与网络化、数智化水平,以主体赋能、形式多元、纵深发展、场景丰富的全过程人民民主推进中国式现代化行稳致远。

数字技术型涉外警务人才培养策略

在数字化时代,涉外警务工作对涉外警务人才的职业核心能力要求正在发生深刻变革。结合国家关于涉外警务人才培养的相关政策和数字化时代涉外警务人才需求,解析数据分析与预测、视频监控和图像识别、身份认证和生物识别、虚拟现实和模拟训练等数字技术在涉外警务工作中的应用情况,提出了提升跨文化沟通能力、网络风险识别与攻击防范能力、情报搜集和分析能力、应急响应和危急处理能力、国际执法合作与协作能力等数字技术型涉外警务人才培养策略,以期使涉外警务人才迅速适应不断变化的国际执法环境,更好地应对日益严峻的国际执法挑战。

《对外关系法》背景下我国体育对外援助的规制完善

体育对外援助是我国对外交流的重要组成部分,基于管理、规范等需求在多年的实践中产生了一系列针对体育对外援助的规制。本研究通过考察当前我国体育对外援助规制的现状,认为我国体育对外援助存在着规制手段失衡、规制法律缺位、规制能力不足等问题。《对外关系法》作为我国发展对外关系的基础性法律,其颁布与施行为体育对外援助规制确定了新理念、新框架和新任务,也为解决上述问题提供了指引。在此背景下,我国体育对外援助需回应《对外关系法》的要求完善规制:以构建人类命运共同体理念为指引,更新体育对外援助的规制手段;以《对外关系法》为依据,健全体育对外援助规范;以深化拓展为任务,提升体育对外援助的规制能力。

推进高校警务英语教学改革培养涉外警务人才的研究

随着全球化的不断发展和国际间合作的加深,涉外警务人才的需求日益增长。为了满足这一需求,高校必须重视警务英语教学的改革工作。当前,警务英语教学存在着一些问题,如教材内容不实用、教学方式单一等。因此,高校要找到推进警务英语教学改革的有效对策,如优化教材内容、创新教学方法、加强师资队伍建设等,为学生提供更广阔的学习平台和机会,以培养更多优秀的涉外警务人才,满足社会对涉外警务人才的需求,促进涉外警务工作的持续发展。

继续教育在服务乡村振兴中的价值及其实现路径

全面推进乡村振兴面临多重阻碍,主要表现在:“乡村经济精英”断层导致“三产融合”的内生动力不足,人口技能结构老化使得产业振兴的支撑性力量缺失,以及意义共同体解构而引起的文化衰败与乡村公共精神式微。继续教育在乡村振兴中具有多重功能性价值:它可以通过重塑乡村青年精英群体来引领乡村振兴;可以通过优化村民技能结构来破除乡村的积累劣势;可以通过构建乡村文化再生机制来激活乡村资源要素。为充分发挥自身在乡村振兴中的功能性价值,继续教育需要全面深度融入乡村社会并与乡村社会构建“命运共同体”;需要发挥自身的文化治理功能构建乡村社会的“意义共同体”;需要根据农民企业家的成长需求构建乡村“学习共同体”。