An Analysis of Specific Categories of Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities for Children of Participants of the Air Force Health Study

Background: The Air Force Health Study collected reproductive outcomes for live-born children of male Air Force veterans of the Vietnam War. Methods: Dioxin values for participants were obtained from blood samples. Analyses were conducted of occurrence of 16 specific categories of birth defects and developmental disabilities. Children were categorized as conceived before and after the start of participants’ Vietnam War service. Children conceived before the start of Vietnam War service were treated as being conceived when their fathers had unquantifiable dioxin values. Children conceived after the start of Vietnam War service for participants with missing dioxin values were excluded from primary analyses, but were used to assess the impact of their exclusion on conclusions. Correlation between values for specific categories for multiple children fathered by the same participant was accounted for. The dose-response relationship was treated as a step function increasing for dioxin values larger than adaptively identified individual thresholds changing with the specific category. Results: For 15 of 16 specific categories, the probability of occurrence increased substantially for a sufficiently high dioxin level above identified thresholds. Exclusion of children due to missing dioxin likely did not affect these results. Conclusions: Results supported the conclusion of substantial adverse effects on a wide variety of specific categories of birth defects and developmental disabilities due to sufficiently high exposures to dioxin, a toxic contaminant of Agent Orange used for herbicide spraying in the Vietnam War. Results may hold more generally, but might also have been affected by a variety of limitations.

The relationship between antimicrobial consumption and the rates of resistance of Klebsiela pneumoniae in respiratory unit

Objective To investigate the relationship between the consumption of antibacterial agents and resistance rate of Klebsiela pneumoniae(KP)in the hospital respiratory unit for 3 consecutive years in 2005-2007.Methods The total antibacterial consumption expressed as defined DDDs/100BD,as well as resistance rate of total KP and producing ESBLs KP were collected,and their correlation was analyzed.Results The rate of resistance of KP to cefoperazone/sulbactam,Cefepime,Imipenem,Moxifloxacin was significantly positively associated with the consumption of Cefotaxime,Ceftazidime,Moxifloxacin,Amikacin respectively;A significant positive association was observed between the rate of resistance of KP to Piperacillin/Tazobactam,Ceftriaxone and the consumption of Imipenem;The rate of resistance of KP to Piperacillin,Cefotaxime,Ciprofloxacin was significantly positively associated with the consumption of Levofloxacin.ESBLs producing bacilli of KP were detected in 44 of 75 isolates(58.7%),The rate of resistance of producing ESBLs KP to Piperacillin/Tazobactam,Ceftriaxone was significantly positively associated with the consumption of Imipenem,Ceftazidime;A significant positive association was observed between the rate of resistance of producing ESBLs KP to Piperacillin,Imipenem and the consumption of Moxifloxacin.There was no significant correlation in other drugs.Conclusions A relationship existed between antimicrobial consumption and rates of resistance of KP in the hospital respiratory unit.We must use antibiotics carefully and with reason to control and lessen the drug resistance of bacterial.

Structure modifications based on KRN7000 and their SARs in activating NKT cells

α-Galactosylceramides, which can be recognized by natural killer T （NKT） cells, are now attracting more and more attention due to their therapeutic potential in cancer, infection and autoimmune diseases. Advances have been achieved in discovering compounds with better activities and efforts have been made to understand the structure-activity relationships （SARs） of these NKT cell ligands. In this review, we discuss the structure modifications based on KRN7000, the principal glycolipid used in the study of NKT cell stimulation, and the SARs based on these modified structures.

Influencing factors of rat small intestinal epithelial cell cultivation and effects of radiation on cell proliferation

INTRODUCTIONCrypt epithelial cells in normal small intestineproliferate at a high speed. But they are verydifficult to culture in vitro and passage stably. A lotof studies have been done[1-16]. Some domestic labsisolated and cultured crypt cells from embryonalintestines and aseptic animal intestine, but failed.We introduced normal rat epithelial cell line-IEC-6from the USA and its living condition for stablepassage was successfully established after trials. Thecell line was testified to be the small intestinalepithelial cell by electron microscopy,immunihistochemistry and enzymatic histoch-emistry. It has been applied to some relatedresearch work[17-21]. It was found that manyfactors were involved in the culture system. Ourpresent study focuses on the culture method and theinfluencing factors on IEC-6.

Personal Data Use and Morality in the E-Business Environment

This paper deals with personal data use by firms in the e-business environment from the viewpoint of business administration and information ethics. Whereas the tremendous development of information and communication technology (ICT) has made it easier for firms to acquire, store, share, and utilise personal data on their customers, firms that use personal data are exposed to risks related to privacy issues. Since individuals fear the invasion of their privacy, the failure of a firm to appear or remain trustworthy would make it difficult for it to maintain accurate, up-to-date databases and to construct desirable business processes, which would affect the bottom line. Therefore, modern firms should do what they can to ensure that their customers trust them. For them, one promising way to remain trustworthy is to behave as a moral agent. Although it is difficult for any firm to meet the conditions necessary to be a moral agent, competence in behaving as a moral agent is a hard-to-imitate capability af firms for which personal data use is vital for enjoying the benefits of business relationships in the e-business environment.

基于合作关系的多智能体数据库参数调优模型

高维数据库参数空间中的参数调优是提高数据库性能的难点,现有方法更多关注于如何识别重要参数,在如何有效提高可调参数数量的问题上仍存在不足。针对上述问题,基于低维度映射技术和多智能体(Multi-Agent)强化学习技术,提出基于合作关系的Multi-Agent数据库参数调优(Cooperative Multi-Agent Database Parameter Tuning,CMADPT)模型,CMADPT将数据库参数进行分类调优,极大增加了可调参数的数量;提出基于低维度映射的降维模型(Low Dimensional Mapping Model,LDMM),通过低维的合成参数调优高维的数据库参数。实验结果表明,CMADPT模型有效地扩大了可调参数的数量,比主流方法平均提升1.117%的数据库性能。此外,CMADPT每300次迭代训练平均节省1.32 h,极大地提升了算法的时间性能。

产教融合多主体协同培养专业学位研究生的困境与破解——基于“三角关系理论”责权协同机制视角

在国家高层次应用研究型人才培养中,专业学位研究生教育承担了主要任务。产教融合以多元主体合作协同、互动共进为特征,是人才培养的重要途径。伯顿·克拉克的“三角关系理论”明确指出,大学治理的运行机制是围绕政府、学术、市场三个基本要素的关系与互动展开的。该文从“三角关系理论”责权协同机制的视角出发,针对当前产教融合多主体协同培养专业学位研究生中面临的困境进行剖析,提出相应破解策略,期望能为进一步创新人才培养模式、全面深化产教融合育人机制提供突破口。

Design, Synthesis and Evaluation of Substituted N-（3-Arylpropyl）-9,10-dihydro-9-oxoacridine-4-carboxamides as Potent MDR Reversal Agents in Cancer

A novel class of molecules with structure N-（3-arylpropyl）-9,10-dihydro-9-oxoacridine-4-carboxamides （20- 29） were designed by generating a pharmacophore for potent MDR reversal activity using phase drug design software. The designed molecules were synthesized by a novel synthesis route and evaluated for their inhibitory effects on the transport activity of P-glycoprotein （P-gp） by standard Hoechst 33342 assay method. Based on the pIC50 values of ten title compounds screened, three compounds exhibited better activity as compared to Verapamil used as standard.

智能时代学校组织变革的管理者——教师协同关系研究:基于多主体仿真方法

运用智能技术激活教育数据价值、创新教学实践、赋能教育治理,是当前教育数字化转型与智能教育变革的实施路径。而在促进教育数字化转型成功之路上,既需要充分发挥管理者“自顶向下”的宏观决策,也需要充分调动教师群体通过“自底向上”的教学实践创新,更需要寻求二者相互融合、协同的均衡关系,以推动智能时代下学校组织的变革与重塑。为深入探究管理者与教师在学校组织变革中的协同关系,研究综合复杂性科学和组织变革理论,通过设计多主体仿真系统,以仿真实验的方法剖析二者的复杂协同作用。研究通过仿真数据分析,详细探讨了管理者他组织与教师自组织在不同初始情况、不同协同模式下,对学校组织变革产生的六类影响结果。最终,研究结论揭示:教师的自组织教学创新实践是学校人工智能变革的基础;管理者他组织的战略决策是提升学校组织变革绩效上限的关键;他组织与自组织的关系处于均衡,并更关注教师群体的实践智慧时,能够最大程度推动智能教育变革的实施。

Design,synthesis and biological evaluation of novel non-azole derivatives as potential antifungal agents

A series of 3-substituted quinazolinones,2-substituted quinoxalines and 2-substituted benzopyrans were synthesized and evaluated for their antifungal activity in vitro.The new compounds revealed excellent in vitro antifungal activity with broad spectrum.The structure-activity relationships（SARs） of the derivatives were analyzed.Compound 9A2 exhibits better antifungal activity against 5 tested fungi in vitro than fluconazole,especially against Trichophyton rubrum and Microsporum gypseum.This study provides a series of novel lead compounds for the development of non-azole antifungal agents.

一种Multi-agent System的信任模型

Multi-agent技术已广泛用于大型分布式管理系统的开发.多agent间合作的信任问题会严重影响系统的效率.现有的信任模型基本上都是基于WEB的peer-to-peer环境给出的,它们不太适于multi_agent system(MAS)环境.针对MAS环境中信任的特点,提出了一种基于信誉和关系网的agent信任体系.分析实验表明该模型能促进agent关系网的凝聚性,能较大的提高agent合作伙伴选取的效率,并在重复交往环境下agent的合作成功率,以及在抑制恶意推荐、协同作弊、偏心这些干扰现象上较已有模型有较大改进.该模型在供应链管理和电子商务合作伙伴选择方面,具有一定的理论意义和实用价值.

分布式多Agent诊断系统研究

建造了面向制造过程监控的分布式多Ａｇｅｎｔ诊断系统结构。着重对多Ａｇｅｎｔ系统的模糊关联模型进行了研究，建立了Ａｇｅｎｔ 工作状态的表达机制，确定了Ａｇｅｎｔ间的工作状态影响关系，并构建了多Ａｇｅｎｔ模糊关联矩阵。最后基于多Ａｇｅｎｔ模糊关联模型。

效用驱动的多agent合作机制

提出了一种多agent合作机制,以效用为基础,利用效用函数计算agent在不同任务下与其他agent合作而产生的效用值,以此为依据得到agent对不同合作方式的偏好序列,并选择最大偏好参与合作。通过这种方法,agent可以主动选择最适合自己的合作方式来完成任务,与此同时,以效用为驱动可以使群体的任务收益达到最优,提高了agent群体的合作效率。最后给出了用于方法验证的多agent原型系统,同时在该系统下证明了合作机制的有效性。

带有熟人关系的agent劝说及其评价模型研究

为进一步提高agent劝说效果,对agent熟人关系进行了新的分类;结合形式化理论,构建了带有熟人关系的agnet劝说模型;对模型中的熟人关系等元素进行量化,构建了相应的评价模型;最后通过算例对带有熟人关系的agent劝说及其评价模型进行了验证。该模型进一步发挥了agent在劝说中的人工智能特性,使劝说效果更加合理和有效。

面向移动agent的逻辑分布网络管理与控制系统

为克服传统网络管理策略中集中客户 服务员模式存在严重负荷的问题,提出了面向移动agent的逻辑分布网络管理与控制系统(MAOLDNMCS:MobileAgentOrientedLogicalDistributedNetworkManagementandControlSystem)。该系统基于移动agent技术,根据网络管理系统中各成分间的逻辑关系传送数据。在讨论移动agent技术的基础上,分析了移动agent在网络管理中的应用,描述了MAOLDNMCS的结构、特点和通信模型,给出了服务实例,进行了实验测试。实验结果表明,MAOLDNMCS系统与SNMP(SimpleNetworkManagementProtocol)相比,管理者与代理之间的吞吐量降低了10%左右,系统的响应时间缩短了23%,提高了系统效率。

基金经理激励机制与股票错误定价——一项实验研究

委托代理背景下的激励机制设计是管理科学研究的重要主题,然而现有研究较少关注如何对从事风险决策的代理人进行激励.本研究设计了一个委托代理框架下的股票交易实验,通过引入投资者和基金经理两类角色模拟现实基金经理决策环境,研究基金经理激励机制与股票市场错误定价的因果关系.结果发现,在对基金经理分别采用线性激励(按比例提成)、凸性激励(奖励好的)和凹性激励(惩罚差的)的三种情况下,市场都出现了股票错误定价现象.与线性激励相比,凸性激励和凹性激励导致了显著更高的错误定价.基金经理风险偏好水平和过度自信水平均为激励机制影响股票错误定价的作用机制.此外,实验发现激励机制是通过影响基金经理风险选择行为而非羊群行为,进而影响股票错误定价.本研究探索了微观层面基金经理激励机制设计和宏观层面市场错误定价之间的关系,对基金公司激励制度设计,以及监管部门加强对机构投资者投资组合风险的审慎监管、维持金融市场稳定具有一定现实意义.

基于Agent的超市客户关系管理系统的研究

采用Multi-Agent系统中各Agent成员间相互协作的协调机制,并遵循FIPA协议在JADE平台上实现了消息模式的通信机制,将SQL Server 2005作为后台数据库,创建了基于Multi-Agent的超市客户关系管理系统。采用基于Agent的蚁群聚类算法对预测为流失的客户进行客户价值细分,通过细分结果评定客户价值等级,以辅助超市管理者制定营销策略,提高了系统的自治性和智能性,达到在各商家激烈的竞争中保持客户的目的。

Chalcone derivatives as novel,potent and selective inhibitors against human Notum:Structure–activity relationships and biological evaluations

Human Notum(hNotum)inhibitors could be used for treating Wnt signalling-associated diseases including colorectal cancer.Herein,two series of chalcone derivatives were designed and synthesized aiming to find selective and potent hNotum inhibitors.Structure–activity relationship(SAR)studies showed that 2-methoxyl and 5-bromine substitutions on A-ring significantly enhanced anti-hNotum effect,while 4’-ethoxyl and 3’-alkyl substitutions on B-ring were beneficial for hNotum inhibition.Among all tested chalcones,B11 displayed the most potent anti-Notum effect(IC_(50)=3.6 nmol/L),good selectivity,excellent chemical stability and suitable metabolic stability.Further investigations showed that B11 acted as a competitive inhibitor of hNotum,while this agent(5μmol/L)significantly weaken the migration abilities of colorectal cancer cells.Collectively,this study deciphers the SARs of chalcones as hNotum inhibitors and reports a novel and potent hNotum inhibitor with the anti-migration effect on colorectal cancer cells,which offers a promising lead compound to develop novel anti-cancer agents.

基于Agent仿真模拟方法的民族关系研究构想

随着经济社会改革的深入发展和国际环境的深刻变化,我国的民族关系也面临着越来越复杂的局面。如何更好地认识和把握这种复杂的形势,仿真模拟方法作为人类继理论推导、科学实验之后的第三种认识世界的途径,为我们提供了新的工具方法。本文拟将仿真模拟方法引入民族关系研究中,设想建立基于多Agent的民族关系仿真模型,并构建我国民族关系"平行系统"。通过建立民族关系仿真模型,可以对影响民族关系的机制和路径进行模拟仿真,并以此来研究内部参数变化与外部环境改变时各相关实体的行为及动态演化过程,从而可以模拟和调整相应政策投入的实施效果,分析民族政策的作用机制,为实现民族关系和谐提供政策建议。

基于移动Agent的网格跨域安全审计体系结构及实现

网格计算面临的重大挑战之一是开发一系列有效的机制和策略来保证网格任务处理的安全。审计和审核是大规模网格节点的基本需求。本文分析了网格节点的安全审计需求,提出了一种基于移动Agent的跨域安全审计体系结构。为了使安全机制的实施对网格性能产生的影响最小,使用了一种新的授权安全机制“审计一次,授权多次”,通过构造多值信任关系模型实现动态审计。给出了利用GT3用户定义服务和Aglet平台所实现的跨域安全审计模型。