An Evaluation of the Core Controversies in Contemporary Western Human Rights Theory——A Study Based on the Examination of the Criterion of Fidelity to Practice

The development of theories on human rights with Chinese characteristics and China’s engagement in global human rights governance cannot be separated from attention to contemporary Western human rights theory.The debate between naturalistic and political conceptions of human rights has a long history,but discussions on the basic criteria for evaluating human rights theories have been insufficient.This article,focusing on the criterion of fidelity to practice,attempts to identify the development trajectory and direction of human rights theory.The universal claims of naturalistic human rights perspectives and the human rights catalog they propose have been criticized for deviating from practice.On the other hand,political conceptions of human rights,while emphasizing domestic human rights practices,have been criticized for their occasional nature and perceived loss of criticality.The broad-way practice theory seeks a third way that goes beyond the divide between these two perspectives.On the one hand,the theory itself faces limitations and the need for reshaping,while on the other hand,the traditional singular practice theory is also undergoing self-renewal.It can be said that the“internal critique”of contemporary Western human rights theory is already underway and will continue.

On Ethical Literary Criticism and Game Theory--An Interview with Professor Nie Zhenzhao

In 2014,Huang Kaihong,a professor at School of Foreign Languages and Cultures,Southwest University of Science and Technology,interviewed the Doctoral advisor Professor Nie Zhenzhao during the period of his academic visiting to Central China Normal University.As early as in 2005,Huang Kaihong conducted an interview with Professor Nie Zhenzhao on the topic of the general introduction of ethical literary criticism.So around 11 years later,the second interview mainly covers not only the ethical literary criticism theory,but the game theory and the relationship between them as well.Professor Nie thinks whether the game theory can be applied to literature research is still under discussion.The theory of ethical literary criticism is a kind of methodology based on science and it can get the attention of literary critics at home and abroad,which is because it fits the practical needs of literary criticism,draws the literary criticism away from only emphasizing criticism genres and the research of criticism terms,and pays attention to the true nature of the literary text in literature research.After consulting Professor Nie Zhenzhao about some related questions from the perspective of game theory.Huang Kaihong gets some significant information concerning literature research and understands the latest core terms and the concrete application method of ethical literary criticism,especially the relationship between the instructing and aesthetic functions of literature.

Research on the Application of Second Language Acquisition Theory in College English Speech Teaching

The teaching of English speeches in universities aims to enhance oral communication ability,improve English communication skills,and expand English knowledge,occupying a core position in English teaching in universities.This article takes the theory of second language acquisition as the background,analyzes the important role and value of this theory in English speech teaching in universities,and explores how to apply the theory of second language acquisition in English speech teaching in universities.It aims to strengthen the cultivation of English skilled talents and provide a brief reference for improving English speech teaching in universities.

Development of a Sports Safety Promotion Framework Based on KABP Theory and 4M Management

This study explores the significance,current research landscape,and conceptualization of sports safety promotion.Safety in sports is fundamental to youth physical activities,and an excessive focus on or neglect of safety is unwarranted.Globally,numerous countries have extensively researched sports safety promotion and implemented diverse strategies.Drawing from KABP(Knowledge,Attitude,Behavior,Practice)theory and 4M(Man,Machine,Medium,Management)management,this paper presents a conceptual framework for sports safety promotion.It integrates these theories to devise a comprehensive accident prevention model within a sports safety promotion system.The framework prioritizes enhancing students’safety literacy and underscores the practical application of safety knowledge and skills in simulated sports settings following structured safety education.It aims to enhance students’competency and proficiency in averting sports-related injuries.

A novel binary effective medium model to describe the prepeak stressstrain relationship of combined bodies of rock-like material and rock

Combined bodies of rock-like material and rock are widely encountered in geotechnical engineering,such as tunnels and mines.The existing theoretical models describing the stress-strain relationship of a combined body lack a binary feature.Based on effective medium theory,this paper presents the governing equation of the“elastic modulus”for combined and single bodies under triaxial compressive tests.A binary effective medium model is then established.Based on the compressive experiment of concretegranite combined bodies,the feasibility of determining the stress threshold based on crack axial strain is discussed,and the model is verified.The model is further extended to coal-rock combined bodies of more diverse types,and the variation laws of the compressive mechanical parameters are then discussed.The results show that the fitting accuracy of the model with the experimental curves of the concretegranite combined bodies and various types of coal-rock combined bodies are over 95%.The crack axial strain method can replace the crack volumetric strain method,which clarifies the physical meanings of the model parameters.The variation laws of matrix parameters and crack parameters are discussed in depth and are expected to be more widely used in geotechnical engineering.

Questions of Theory and Practice: To Synthesis, Analysis and Evaluation Natural Systems of Pacific Russia Based on Models of Landscape Geosystems

The results of long-term author’s scientific research in the field of geological and geographical study and landscape mapping of large regional links, such as Sikhote-Alinsky, Sakhalinsky, Kamchatsky, Anadyrsky, located in the Pacific landscape belt of Russia, are considered (Starozhilov, 2013). The studies were conducted at the medium scale (1:500,000) and were accompanied by landscape mapping (Starozhilov, 2016). The proposed article discusses the theory and practice of the overall results and the strategic vision of applying the landscape approach with selected examples. The wide range of possibilities of applying the landscape approach in studying the interaction of nature and society is emphasized. The importance and the indisputable need for the synthesis, analysis and assessment of natural systems based on the mapping of landscape geosystems to assess the environmental management of not only regional territories, but also of Pacific Russia as a whole are noted.

Project-driven Teaching Method Reform and Practice of Automotive Theory

In recent years,with the rapid development of the automobile industry in China and even in the world,the demand for professional talents in automobile related enterprises is extremely urgent,and the requirements are also increasing,so the teaching reform highlights its importance at present."The car"teaching quality,directly affects the new vehicle engineering applied talents under the background of engineering training,this article analysis the automobile theory teaching present situation,according to arcane knowledge,practice limited conditions and the evaluation method is proposed combining theory with practice,the practice of the project to drive the teaching plan,at the same time,put forward to reduce examination of course evaluation.The aim is to stimulate students'subjective initiative in learning,cultivate students'hands-on and brain-using ability,and let students devote themselves to the class,so as to make the boring derivation of theoretical formulas vivid and improve the efficiency of teaching.

Application of PCA and HCA to the Structure-Activity Relationship Study of Fluoroquinolones

用密度泛函理论计算了12种具有抗肺炎链球菌的氟诺喹酮类药物分子的分子特性.利用主成分分析和分层聚类分析方法来简化氟诺喹酮类药物数据库的维数.主成分分析法表明,变量 E_(LUMO)、 Q_3、Q_5、Q_A、lgP、MR、VOL、ΔE_(HL)能够有效地对抗肺炎链球菌的氟诺喹酮类药物进行分类.分层聚类方法的结果和主成分分析方法的结果一致.这表明两种方法都能够对新的具有抗肺炎链球菌的氟诺喹酮类药物的分类提供一个可信的规律.利用主成分分析法和分层聚类分析法对其他6个氟诺喹酮类药物分子进行分析,结果都表明有两个药物分子具有较强的抗肺炎链球菌活性.此结果和临床结果相吻合.

Research on Risk Prevention and Resolution Strategies of College Network Ideology in the Context of the Internet

With the rapid development of the Internet,the network ideology of colleges and universities is facing severe challenges.This paper deeply analyzes the root of the risk of network ideology and makes a specific investigation of the status quo of network public opinion in colleges and universities.On this basis,the study explores and puts forward a series of targeted risk prevention and resolution strategies,aiming at providing a systematic solution for the network ideology security of colleges and universities.In this paper,with the combination of theory and practice as the path,we verify the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed strategy through the analysis of the implementation effect of the strategy.This study also provides theoretical support and practical guidance for the prevention and control of ideological risks and public opinion guidance in universities under the network environment,which has important practical significance.With the continuous progress of network technology,the threats to the network ideology of colleges and universities are increasing.For example,the spread of false information has become a serious problem affecting the security of college network ideology.

Theory Critique of Kristen Swanson’s Theory of Caring

Theory is considered essential for integral assessment, adopting its foundations and concepts is of great utility. The theory provides different templates to help nurses provide care that respects patients and improves outcomes. Through understanding the intersection of nursing, patients, health, and the environment, theories aim to simplify the complicated, ever-evolving relationship that nurses have with their profession. Nursing theory helps distinguish nursing as a separate discipline from medicine and related sciences, and assists nurses in understanding their patients and their needs. The behaviors of healthcare providers affect how patients participate in and experience care situations. In the nursing discipline, the theoretical structures of caring have been established as the core concept of guidance in all nurses’ work. The aim of this paper is to develop a critique of Kristen Swanson’s theory of caring—a theory structured around five caring principles (maintaining belief, knowing, being with, doing for, and enabling) by applying it to nursing practice. When applied to nursing practice, each of these five stages stimulates the caregiver’s attitude, which in turn improves the overall patient’s well-being. Implications to nursing practice are mentioned [1] [2].

The Triadic Dimension of The Communist Manifesto:Its Implications for Scientific Education in a New Era’s Youth Talent

The Communist Manifesto,as the initial comprehensive exposition of scientific socialist theory,encapsulates the scientific spirit of Marxism.As socialism with Chinese characteristics enters a new epoch,and the world is in the throes of an unprecedented century-long transformation,the importance of young talent in bolstering national scientific and technological progress grows ever more apparent.It is of paramount significance to profoundly understand and elucidate the theoretical heritage,practical guidance,and directional leadership that The Communist Manifesto provides to scientific education for the young talent of this new era from three perspectives:theory,practice,and history.This understanding is vital for young talents to further deepen their accurate comprehension of the governing laws of the Communist Party,the construction laws of socialism,and the development laws of human society.The nurturing of scientific spirit and scientific literacy in young talents has critical implications for providing talent support in building a world scientific and technological powerhouse.

Unraveling Predatory Pricing:Insights From Case Studies and Game Theory Modeling

This paper develops a game-theory model for predatory pricing via in-depth analyses of three case studies:Brooke Group Ltd.v.Brown&Williamson Tobacco Corp.,Matsushita Electric Industries Co.v.Zenith Radio Corporation,and AKZO Chemie BV v.Commission of the European Communities.This model is based on subsequent action game theory models and rational economics behavior,offering a chronological outline of the“predation”stages.It presents the predator’s decisions,the prey’s potential responses,possible loops,and the two distinctive outcomes.The analysis of the model in context of the three case studies demonstrates its practicality in assessing real-life predatory pricing scenarios and players’strategies.It’s flexibility also allows applications in related fields.Overall,this paper offers a comprehensive framework that bridges the gap between law,economics,and game theory in the study of predatory pricing,informing future research in this area.

Translation of Automobile Brands from the Perspective of Skopos Theory

With the steady growth of the Chinese economy,more and more countries are focusing on China.A great number of brands are entering the Chinese market and auto brand is one of them.Brand translation plays an important role for success of opening international market.This paper applies the Skopos theory to automobile brand translation,so as to provide a new angle to translation practice.

Linear QSAR Regression Models for the Prediction of Bioconcentration Factors of Chloroanilines in Fish by Density Functional Theory

Density functional theory（DFT）-B3LYP level with the 6-311G＊＊（d,p） basis set was used to calculate a set of molecular quantum chemical descriptors of 12 chloroanilines. Quantitative structure-activity relationship（QSAR） models of the bioconcentration factors（BCF） of the anilines in fish were established using some of the following calculated descriptors： EHOMO, ENHOMO, ELUMO, ENLUMO, ΔE1（= ELUMO- EHOMO）, ΔE2（= ENLUMO- ENHOMO）, dipole moment（μ）, molecular volume（V）, vibrational energy of 0 K（Ev）, thermodynamic energy（E）, heat capacity（Cv）, entropy（Sm） and the charge of benzene ring（Qph）. Using the variable selection and leaps-and-bounds regression, the quantum chemical descriptors derived directly from the molecular structures were employed to develop a linear QSAR model between the bioconcentration factors（BCF） and two descriptors（Sm, ENHOMO） of 12 chloroanilines. Statistically, the most significant one is a two-parameter linear equation with the correlation coefficient（R^2） of 0.981 and cross-validated correlation coefficient（Rcv^2） of 0.967. The established QSAR model has good stability and predictability based on the results from Rcv2 of leave-one-out cross-validation, AIC, FIT and tα/2. The quantum chemical analyses were performed from two aspects of frontier molecular orbital and entropy. The results show that two structural describers are crucial to the bioconcentration activity of chloroanilines.

Critical emancipatory reflection on a practice-based issue in relation to the working relationship between doctors and nurses in China

Objective: Reflection is viewed as the most significant skill and should be advocated for lifelong learning. In order to grasp the process of reflection and embrace the reflective skill, one of the authors of this paper reflects on a practice-based issue in relation to the communication between doctors and nurses, to gain new understanding and thus improve the authors' clinical practice.Methods: Smyth's framework with four stages is utilized as an ideal framework to guide the author's reflection on the practice-based issue to free the author from her entrenched assumptions and the oppressive forces that limit her practice.Results: The espoused and enacted theory, together with the critical reflection theory, are used to explore the values and beliefs that essentially govern the author's practice and how these are distinct from the author's worldviews. Following this, critical emancipatory reflection is undertaken to explore the dominant power structures within the author's workplace. Furthermore, given the hegemonic and chaotic working context of this issue, hegemony and symbolic interaction theory are applied to unearth the various hidden constraining and oppressive forces. Additionally, socialization theory is utilized to help the author achieve professional identity.Conclusions: Reconstructing the practice-based issue empowers the author to realize that in the future, she should act as a reflective practitioner, creating a daily habit, staying alert to practice, seeing things freshly, finding support systems, improving communication skills, conducting reflective research, and reifying reflective practice. Ultimately, the author will be sufficiently equipped to be able to transform her practice and change its outcomes.

THEORY AND PRACTICE FOR COMPILING THE ATLAS OF NATURAL DISASTERS IN CHINA

This article inquires into theoretical and practical problems on compilation of an atlas of regional natural disasters. (1) The basic theory of compiling an atlas of regional disasters has been founded on the combination of the sciences of disasters, cartography and regional geogrphy. The content structure of a regional disaster atlas should be composed of at least the following five parts:hazard-formative environments and hazard-affected bodies,hazards, disaster effects, monitoring and warning system for natural disasters, and countermeasures for natural disaster reduction. (2) Contents of cartographic design of a regional disaster atlas should be composed of at least the following five parts: base map system, cartographic representation, Symbol System, color system, map edition and map layout system. (3) Based on theory and cartographic design of compiling an atlas of regional disaster, the Atlas of Natural Disater in China, which reveals objectively the temporal and spaial pattern of regional natural disasters of China,has been compiled and published.

Conclusions in Theory and Practice for Advancing the Applications of Cable-Driven Mechanisms

The theoretical research of cable-driven mechanisms is developed with its broad applications. The first prototype of cable-driven mechanisms is RoboCrane, which was developed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology （NIST）. Then many excellent properties were developed and they have a variety of applications such as aerospace, aircraft and automobile industries [1]. Example application for RoboCrane in the field of aircraft mainte- nance is equipped with a quick-change mechanism to remove the robot arm remotely.

China-India Relationship and Buddhism—From the perspective of the discursive practice of the White Horse Temple

India and China, even though close in distance, but distant in relationship. Recently, the world has witnessed the improvement of the bilateral relations between the two big nations. The White Horse Temple, as a site constructed by discourses has transformed from‘the first government-funded temple in China'to one of the symbols of China-India friendship in the cultural exchange between the two nations. Critical discourse analysis(CDA) is an interdisciplinary approach to the study of discourse that views language as a form of social practice and focuses on the ways social and political domination are reproduced in text and talk. This paper, starts from the perspective of critical discourse analysis, is exploratory in that it aims to see how the discursive practice of the White Horse Temple constitutes the discourse of China-India relationship and is constituted by the power relationship between the two nations.