The relief degree of land surface （RDLS） is an important factor for describing the landform at macro-scales. This study defines a concept for RDLS and applies the concept for population distribution study of the ent...The relief degree of land surface （RDLS） is an important factor for describing the landform at macro-scales. This study defines a concept for RDLS and applies the concept for population distribution study of the entire country. Based on the concept and macro-scale digital elevation model datum and ARC/INFO software, the RDLS at a 10 km×10 km grid size of China is extracted. This paper depicts systemically the spatial distributions of RDLS through analyzing the ratio structure and altitudinal characters of RDLS in China. The conclusions are drawn as follows： the RDLS in more than 63% of the area is less than one （1） （relative altitude is less than 500 m）, reflecting the fact that most of RDLS in China is low. In general, the RDLS in the west is larger than that in the east and so is the south than that of the north in China. The RDLS decreases with the increase of longitude and latitude and the change of RDLS at the latitudes of 28°N, 35°N, 42°N, as well as at the longitudes of 85°E, 102°E, 115°E could reflect the three major ladders of China. In the vertical direction, the RDLS increases with the increase of altitude. Analysis of the correlation between RDLS and population distribution in China and its regional difference shows that the R2 value between RDLS and population density is 0.91 and RDLS is an important factor influencing the spatial distribution of population. More than 85% of the people in China live in areas where the RDLS is less than one （1）, while the population in areas with RDLS greater than 3 accounts only for 0.57% of the total. The regional difference of correlation between RDLS and population within China is significant and such correlation is significant in Central China and South China and weak in Inner Mongolia and Tibet.展开更多
Evaluation on the population pressure in the mountainous areas is a necessary condition for the protection and good governance. The evaluation depends on accurate population density assessment. Traditional methods use...Evaluation on the population pressure in the mountainous areas is a necessary condition for the protection and good governance. The evaluation depends on accurate population density assessment. Traditional methods used to calculate population density often adopt the administrative region as a scale for statistical analysis. These methods did not consider the effects of the relief degree of land surface(RDLS) on the population distribution. Therefore they cannot accurately reflect the degree of population aggregation, especially in mountainous areas. To explore this issue further, we took the mountainous areas of China as the research area. China has A total area of 666 km2 can be classified as mountainous area,accounting for 69.4% of the country's total landmass. The data used in this research included the digital elevation model(DEM) of China at a scale of 1:1,000,000, National population density raster data, the DEM and the national population density raster data. First, we determined the relief degree of land surface(RDLS). Next, we conducted a correlation analysis between the population distribution and the RDLS using the Statistical Package for Social Science(SPSS). Based on the correlation analysis results and population distribution, this new method was used to revise the provincial population density of themountainous areas. The revised results were used to determine the population pressure of different mountainous areas. Overall, the following results were obtained:(1) The RDLS was low in most mountainous areas(with a value between 0 and 3.5) and exhibited a spatial pattern that followed the physiognomy of China;(2) The relationship between the RDLS and population density were logarithmic, with an R2 value up to 0.798(p<0.05), and the correlation decreased from east to west;(3) The difference between the revised population density(RPD) and the traditional population density(PD) was larger in the southeastern region of China than in the northwestern region;(4) In addition, compared with traditional results, the revised result indicated that the population pressure was larger. Based on these results, the following conclusions were made:(1) the revised method for estimating population density that incorporates the RDLS is reasonable and practical,(2) the potential population pressure in the southeastern mountainous areas is substantial,(3) the characteristics of the terrain in the high mountainous areas are important for the scattered distribution of the population, and(4) the population distribution of mountainous areas in China should be guided by local conditions, such as social, economic, and topographic conditions.展开更多
基于重庆市南川区 DEM ，采用窗口分析和 ARCGIS 空间分析模块中的邻域分析，提取了南川区地形起伏度，从海拔高度、平地比例和面积比例方面分析了南川区地形起伏度的空间分布特征，并利用回归分析法对南川区各乡镇平均人口密度与平均...基于重庆市南川区 DEM ，采用窗口分析和 ARCGIS 空间分析模块中的邻域分析，提取了南川区地形起伏度，从海拔高度、平地比例和面积比例方面分析了南川区地形起伏度的空间分布特征，并利用回归分析法对南川区各乡镇平均人口密度与平均地形起伏度的相关关系进行了分析．最后，对南川区人居环境地形适宜性做出了评价和分级．研究表明：①南川区的地形起伏度介于0.35～2.84之间，地形起伏度小于2的区域占总面积的94.45％，其中平地比例占总体的98.7％；②南川区地形起伏度呈现由东南向西北递减的空间特征，高值区主要分布在大娄山地区，低值区主要分布在川东平行岭谷区等地；③南川区各乡镇平均人口密度与平均地形起伏度存在一定的负相关关系，南川区人居环境地形适宜程度整体表现为由西北向东南递减的态势．展开更多
基金Knowledge Innovation Project of the CAS,No.KZCX2-YW-323
文摘The relief degree of land surface （RDLS） is an important factor for describing the landform at macro-scales. This study defines a concept for RDLS and applies the concept for population distribution study of the entire country. Based on the concept and macro-scale digital elevation model datum and ARC/INFO software, the RDLS at a 10 km×10 km grid size of China is extracted. This paper depicts systemically the spatial distributions of RDLS through analyzing the ratio structure and altitudinal characters of RDLS in China. The conclusions are drawn as follows： the RDLS in more than 63% of the area is less than one （1） （relative altitude is less than 500 m）, reflecting the fact that most of RDLS in China is low. In general, the RDLS in the west is larger than that in the east and so is the south than that of the north in China. The RDLS decreases with the increase of longitude and latitude and the change of RDLS at the latitudes of 28°N, 35°N, 42°N, as well as at the longitudes of 85°E, 102°E, 115°E could reflect the three major ladders of China. In the vertical direction, the RDLS increases with the increase of altitude. Analysis of the correlation between RDLS and population distribution in China and its regional difference shows that the R2 value between RDLS and population density is 0.91 and RDLS is an important factor influencing the spatial distribution of population. More than 85% of the people in China live in areas where the RDLS is less than one （1）, while the population in areas with RDLS greater than 3 accounts only for 0.57% of the total. The regional difference of correlation between RDLS and population within China is significant and such correlation is significant in Central China and South China and weak in Inner Mongolia and Tibet.
基金supported by a grant from the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China (973 Program) (Grant No. 2015CB452706)National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41471469)provided by the national scientific datasharing project Earth System Science Data Sharing Network
文摘Evaluation on the population pressure in the mountainous areas is a necessary condition for the protection and good governance. The evaluation depends on accurate population density assessment. Traditional methods used to calculate population density often adopt the administrative region as a scale for statistical analysis. These methods did not consider the effects of the relief degree of land surface(RDLS) on the population distribution. Therefore they cannot accurately reflect the degree of population aggregation, especially in mountainous areas. To explore this issue further, we took the mountainous areas of China as the research area. China has A total area of 666 km2 can be classified as mountainous area,accounting for 69.4% of the country's total landmass. The data used in this research included the digital elevation model(DEM) of China at a scale of 1:1,000,000, National population density raster data, the DEM and the national population density raster data. First, we determined the relief degree of land surface(RDLS). Next, we conducted a correlation analysis between the population distribution and the RDLS using the Statistical Package for Social Science(SPSS). Based on the correlation analysis results and population distribution, this new method was used to revise the provincial population density of themountainous areas. The revised results were used to determine the population pressure of different mountainous areas. Overall, the following results were obtained:(1) The RDLS was low in most mountainous areas(with a value between 0 and 3.5) and exhibited a spatial pattern that followed the physiognomy of China;(2) The relationship between the RDLS and population density were logarithmic, with an R2 value up to 0.798(p<0.05), and the correlation decreased from east to west;(3) The difference between the revised population density(RPD) and the traditional population density(PD) was larger in the southeastern region of China than in the northwestern region;(4) In addition, compared with traditional results, the revised result indicated that the population pressure was larger. Based on these results, the following conclusions were made:(1) the revised method for estimating population density that incorporates the RDLS is reasonable and practical,(2) the potential population pressure in the southeastern mountainous areas is substantial,(3) the characteristics of the terrain in the high mountainous areas are important for the scattered distribution of the population, and(4) the population distribution of mountainous areas in China should be guided by local conditions, such as social, economic, and topographic conditions.
文摘基于重庆市南川区 DEM ，采用窗口分析和 ARCGIS 空间分析模块中的邻域分析，提取了南川区地形起伏度，从海拔高度、平地比例和面积比例方面分析了南川区地形起伏度的空间分布特征，并利用回归分析法对南川区各乡镇平均人口密度与平均地形起伏度的相关关系进行了分析．最后，对南川区人居环境地形适宜性做出了评价和分级．研究表明：①南川区的地形起伏度介于0.35～2.84之间，地形起伏度小于2的区域占总面积的94.45％，其中平地比例占总体的98.7％；②南川区地形起伏度呈现由东南向西北递减的空间特征，高值区主要分布在大娄山地区，低值区主要分布在川东平行岭谷区等地；③南川区各乡镇平均人口密度与平均地形起伏度存在一定的负相关关系，南川区人居环境地形适宜程度整体表现为由西北向东南递减的态势．
