A Probe into the Mortgage Rates of Land Contract Management Rights Based on Unified Annual Output Value

The mortgage of land contract management rights has launched a pilot project in Ningxia,Hubei,Henan,Guizhou,Chongqing and other provinces,municipalities and autonomous regions,which provides a good solution to the problem of funds for rural development and plays a huge role in promoting local rural economic development.In the mortgage financing of land contract management rights implemented in various regions,how to determine a scientific,accurate and reasonable mortgage rate of land contract management rights becomes a difficulty troubling the mortgage financing of land.On the basis of unified annual output value of land,this article uses survey method,income capitalization method,and comparison method to analyze the value of land contract management rights,and finally determine the mortgage rates of land contract management rights.

Contract System for Circulation of the Right to Rural Land Contractual Management

From the perspective of civil subject theory,law of value,comparative law and history of laws,the thesis expounds that the contract on the transfer of the contractual right of rural lands is in nature a civil contract instead of an administrative one.Then it explores the defects in the contract from the viewpoint of legal value goal,contract law and legal sociology,that is,the relevant provisions in Rural Land Contract Law and Explanations of Supreme People's Court about the Issues concerning the Laws Applicable to the Trial of Cases of Disputes over Rural Land Contracting go against the principle of free contracting and run counter to the legal value goal of justice,so they do not achieve good implementing effect.Finally,the thesis demonstrates and makes some practical legislative proposals to perfect the contract system for circulation of the right to operate constructed rural lands,aiming at improving the circulation rate through perfecting the contract of the right to rural land contractual management,solving the disputes in rural lands circulation and safeguarding the legitimate rights of the farmers.

Study on Transfer Problem of Contract and Management Right of Agricultural Land in Anhui Province

The status quo and significance of contract and management right transfer of rural land are analyzed,and major problems existed in contract and management right transfer of rural land in Anhui Province are studied,containing unsound transfer market,insufficient flow demand motion,single transfer form,non-standard register,right determination and certificate issuing. On this basis,several policies and suggestions are proposed,such as combining practical use with suitable use of land right determination and certificate issuing,establishing multilayer rural social security system and expanding land management range.

Untying the Two “Deadlocks”of Labor Contract Law Is Necessary for the Recovery of Chinese Economy

Labor Contract Law receives mixed evaluations since its implementation.The call for the amendment is hot and even some scholars regard it as the"tiger in the road"which hinders the economic development. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China pays high attention to the construction of harmonious labor relation and the amendment has been a top priority. Labor Contract Law leads to two"deadlocks"of which the entrepreneurs are afraid. The first one is that the non-fixed term labor contract cannot be cancelled and the second one is that they must pay the economic compensation at the expiration of contract. These two rules hinder the employment enthusiasm of entrepreneurs. The current laws have excessive expectation for the non-fixed term labor contract and too strict regulations; as for the economic compensation at the expiration of contract, it increases the enterprise cost. The amendment of these two articles will benefit the recovery of Chinese economy and make the labor relation more harmonious.

Human Rights Jurisprudence in Hospice Care——Thoughts on the Concept and Boundary of “Death with Dignity”

Death with dignity is the embodiment of the dignity of human life in the context of end-of-life medical care.However,in the development of its concept,it has been alienated into a single way of death and is often confused with the concept of euthanasia.It is therefore a theoretical and practical necessity to re-expand the connotations of death with dignity Death with dignity is the subjective value of dignity reflected in the context of dying.It takes equality,freedom,and virtue as the core,and uses the right to life as its external support.It is projected onto the medical context and incorporates the patient’s right to informed consent.Subject to public interest,legal paternalism,and the principles of public order and good customs,the boundary of the right to death with dignity should be between active treatment and natural death,and active euthanasia in the form of giving up the right to life should not be included in the right to death with dignity.

HRV changes before and after radiofrequency ablation in patients with different origin of right ventricular outflow tract ventricular premature contraction

Objective:To observe the HRV changes before and after the radiofrequency current catheter ablationventricular premature beats originated from different site of right ventricular outflow tract.Methods:A total of 102 patients with frequent RVOT-VPC admitted to our hospital were accepted radiofrequency current catheter ablation (RF). According to the origin of RVOT-VPC, it was divided into 2 groups, one is from ventricular septum, and the other one is from free wall, and in each group, male and female are observed separately.Results:(1) HRV before RF ablation: 1) rMSSD in the female patients with RVOT-VPC from free wall was significantly lower than those from septum;2) frequency domain index (W, LF) were higher than normal range, and in male patients, LF/HF<1 were found, but in female patients, LF/HF>1. (2) HRV after RF ablation: 1) Significant changes were found in female patients with RVOT-VPC from septum, rMSSD, PNN50, HF and LF decreased;2) In female patients with RVOT-VPC from free wall, rMSSD decreased;3) In male patients, there were no significant HRV changes found before and after RF ablation. (3) Heart rate changes: 1) In female patients with RVOT-VPC from septum, heart rate decreased significantly ((76.47±9.47) bpm vs (69.29±14.59) bpm)2) No significant changes were found in male patients.Conclusion:In patients with RVOT-PVC sympathetic and vagus excitability increased, and after catheter ablation, in female patients with RVOT-PVC originated from septum, the HRV index relating to sympathetic and vagus excitability significantly decreased.

Improve Labor Contract System, Safeguard Lawful Rights and Interests of Laborers——An interview with Prof. Guan Huai of Law School of Renmin University of China

EDITOR＇S NOTE： The Draft Labor Contract Law of the People＇s Republic of China has been completed and was published for soliciting comments on March 20. In a short period of one month, 191,849 pieces of comments and opinions were received. Prior to the promulgation of the law, this reporter interviewed Mr. Guan Huai, a noted Chinese expert in labor law, professor of the Law School of the Renmin University of China and law advisor to the All-China Federation of Trade Unions.

论CBA独家签约权制度——“周琦事件”引发的思考

“周琦事件”的症结源于CBA独家签约权制度,其旨在鼓励俱乐部自主培养球员并适当放开球员流动。但随着我国竞技体育职业化发展,球员利益保障规则缺失不仅暴露出该制度排除竞争与择业自由的法治困境,还反映出我国对体育特殊性理解的局限性导致该制度背后四方主体利益失衡。独家签约权制度源于域外保留制度,在欧美经历发展与完善并最终实现利益平衡。新《体育法》明确“竞技体育市场化、职业化”目标,为主体利益平衡确立价值导向。在此背景下,可在内部构建专门的转会交易谈判平台化解僵局,在外部通过体育仲裁以个案推动独家签约权制度的过渡完善,未来为自由球员转会制度的施行破除机制障碍。

Reform of Agricultural Land Transfer of Different Types of Farmers' Willingness

Since forty years of reform and opening up,China's rural landscape has undergone tremendous changes,and agricultural production manner is obviously improved,while farmers' living level is rose significantly.Rural land contracting and management right system plays a vital role in promoting rural economic and social development in China.In this paper,farmers under the background of the transfer of rural land contracting and management right are taken as research objects,and the difference of different types of farmers under the willingness of land transfer is analyzed.Finally,corresponding reform assumptions are proposed for transfer willingness of different types of farmers.

A Contribution to a Better Understanding of Global Land Grabbing＇s Impact on Employment and Environmental Threats

In the last two decades, the global interest on farmland grew at a remarkable pace. As a consequence, million hectares of land exchanged hands. The ways the transfers happened combined with their geographic concentration in Sub-Saharian Africa, have earned the phenomenon the name of ＂land grab＂. The agricultural sector considered a ＂sunset industry＂ when commodities prices were declining, is now attractive to financial investors. These foreign investments may be good as they may improve agricultural productivity or instead bad as they may benefit only financial investors. Some results in terms of environmental and local communities＇ worsening conditions have already emerged. This paper aims to investigate what drives the big size transfers of land, to empirically estimate their effects in terms of local employment and to assess the environmental effects produced by the rapid transformation in the use of vast amount of land in terms of CO2 emissions. It is also proposed to use the estimation in terms of local employment impact as a way of distinguishing between foreign direct investment and land grabbing.

Prenatal radiographic evaluation of congenital transverse limb deficiencies:A scoping review

BACKGROUND Congenital transverse deficiencies are horizontal deficiencies of the long bones that occur with a reported incidence as high 0.38%.They can occur alone or represent a manifestation of a various clinical syndromes.Diagnosis has tradi-tionally comprised of conventional radiography and prenatal imaging studies.There has been much advancement regarding prenatal imaging modalities to allow for early diagnosis and appropriate treatment.AIM To summarize the current state of knowledge on congenital transverse limb deficiencies and to provide an update regarding the radiographic evaluation of congenital transverse limb deficiencies.METHODS This IRB-exempt scoping review followed the PRISMA-ScR checklist for scoping reviews strictly.Five search engines were searched for a total of 265 publications.Four authors reviewed these during the screening process.Of these,51 studies were included in our article.Prenatal magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),3D Ultrasound,and multidetector Computed tomography(CT)exist are emerging modalities that have the potential to improve diagnosis.RESULTS Use of the appropriate classification system,three-dimensional ultrasonography with a maximum intensity projection,and appropriate use of prenatal MRI and prenatal CT can improve diagnosis and inter-provider communication.CONCLUSION Further scholarly efforts are required to develop improve standardized guidelines regarding the pre-natal radiographic evaluation of congenital limb deficiencies.

AIGC大模型数据训练版权规制的终端转向

如何协调作品版权保护与AIGC大模型数据训练间的关系,已成为实现AIGC大模型高质量迭代更新的“阿克琉斯之踵”。“权利范式”下合理使用与法定许可的前端规制路径各有缺陷,难以达致平衡AIGC大模型产业发展与版权人利益保障的制度目标。着眼终端输出管控的“关系范式”,因贴合产业演进动态治理要求、适于调整作品数据所涉双重交互关系、兼容既存制度环境以及存在成熟规则借鉴范例,足以成为中国规制AIGC大模型数据训练的基础性制度架构。当用户利用AIGC大模型实施版权侵权行为时,如果大模型提供者无法证明其在数据训练过程中实际履行防输出抄袭和制止重复侵权的注意义务,即应承担针对版权人利益减损的第三方侵权责任。

基于MAPGIS的农村土地承包经营权确权建库技术研究

针对现行农村土地承包经营权确权建库技术中存在的土地图形化表征质量较低和土地数据差异较大的问题,提出了一种基于MAPGIS的农村土地承包经营权确权建库技术。该技术采用哈希算法识别重复的农村土地GIS信息,进行冗余处理,并利用空间比例缩放的方法对GIS信息进行降维。同时,利用MAPGIS软件构建农村土地的空间三维模型,并将数据整合入库,实现基于MAPGIS的农村土地承包经营权确权建库。实验结果表明,所设计的技术构建的数据库土地图形化表征的Hausdorff距离不超过0.1m,土地数据相对误差不超过1%。因此,该数据库性能良好,所采用的建库技术在农村土地承包经营权的信息化管理方面具有良好的应用前景。

基于ArcEngine的草原确权登记数据处理软件设计与开发

在草原承包经营权确权登记颁证项目实施过程中,矢量数据、属性数据库和文档资料的编辑与处理工作量大,如果采用传统人工模式,不仅作业效率低,而且无法保证成果质量。为了解决这一问题,本文基于ArcEngine的嵌入式GIS组件库和工具库开发了草原确权登记数据处理软件,集成了矢量数据处理、属性数据库编辑及文档资料生产等功能,实现了对草原承包经营权确权登记颁证项目中空间数据与非空间数据的批量自动化处理,提高了数据处理工作效率。

Agricultural Land Contract and Management Rights:Transferring Price and Countermeasures in Typical Agricultural Areas of China

Henan is a large agricultural province and one of China’s major grain-producing areas. Agricultural land transfer and large-scale operations will have a profound impact on regional economic development and food security. This is a case study taken in Xiwan village in Qinyang city, Henan. This paper builds a transferring pricing model using land use rights assessment and characteristic correction of land contract and management rights. Results show that the transferring price of land contract and management rights should include the economic price, social price and corrected price. The use of a price model should focus on the distinction of theory and practical application. If there is no change in agricultural project,the actual transferring price should be the sum of the economic price and social security price. If there is a change in agricultural projects,such as cropland into cash crops,the actual transferring price should be the sum of the economic price, social price and corrected price. Because of the complexity of income distribution following the transfer, transferring gains should follow a rational distribution in the outflow side, inflow side, managers and land owner. The government should establish reasonable and orderly contracted management of land circulation transferring and use this to build a land transferring price system.

基于ArcGIS的农村土地承包经营权确权相关技术

以江西某县农村土地承包经营权确权为例,介绍了Arc GIS平台下应用组合法在农村土地承包经营权确权中的技术路线。结合项目特点,从外业工作中的界址点测量、草图绘制和注意事项,内业工作中的GIS勾图、Arc GIS存储属性信息、地块自动编码等方面阐述了农经权确权相关技术。并将部分地块的勾图面积与实测面积对比,得出结论组合法的精度完全能够满足要求,同时可以降低农村土地承包经营权确权登记成本,减少错误,提高工作效率。

Carto XP/Carto3与常规标测指导下消融特发性右室流出道室性早搏的比较

目的比较常规电生理标测与三维电解剖标测系统(Carto XP/Carto3)标测指导下行导管射频消融治疗特发性右室流出道室性早搏(right ventricular outflow tract premature ventricular contraction,RVOT-PVC)的有效性和安全性。方法分析2013年3月至2015年10月于我科进行射频消融治疗的144例室早病例:36例室早患者采用常规电生理标测指导下射频消融(常规组),108例室早采用Carto XP/Carto3标测指导下射频消融(Carto XP/Carto3组)。从靶点标测、消融、术中X线曝光以及手术总耗时等时间方面对两种标测方法进行比较;检测两组术前及术后1 d和3 d C反应蛋白(C reactive protein,CRP)、血清肌钙蛋白Ⅰ(serum cardiac troponinⅠ,c TnⅠ)和磷酸肌酸激酶同工酶(creatine kinase-MB,CK-MB)的变化,观察随访疗效。结果 Carto XP/Carto3组在室早靶点标测、成功消融、X线曝光以及手术总时间方面均较常规电生理标测组明显缩短(P<0.01),心肌损伤指标CRP、c TnⅠ和CK-MB均明显降低(P<0.01);两组的即刻成功率分别为94.4%(34/36)和100%(108/108),差异有统计学意义;术后1个月随访时,常规组即刻成功的34例患者中有3例室早复发,Carto XP/Carto3组无复发病例。术后3个月时,两组均无新的复发病例。结论 Carto XP/Carto3标测指导的消融靶点定位更精准,手术安全性及有效性更好;常规电生理标测指导的射频消融仍具有较高成功率,手术费用相对便宜,为经济困难而又确实需要消融治疗的患者提供了一种可行的选择方案。

基于SNA视角的PPP项目合同提前终止风险

PPP模式已越来越多地被基础设施与公共服务领域采用。然而实践中,有大量的PPP项目被提前终止,公私合作模式依旧存在诸多问题。首先从三个层面识别出PPP项目合同提前终止的风险因素,并基于问卷调查与一致性分析判断风险因素间相互关系,构建出风险关系邻接矩阵。其次利用社会网络分析方法中整体网的块模型分析与个体网的"中心性"分析,获得风险网络中的核心风险因素,并利用线的中间中心度确定网络中关键风险关系。最后结合风险因素间相互影响关系,针对核心风险因素与风险关系给出了相应的控制措施。政府与私人部门应加强自身风险行为管理,及时切断风险事件的传播,重点关注与项目特征有关的风险因素以及外部环境变动,从而减少合同提前终止的发生。

Carto系统与常规方法指导消融频发右室流出道室性早搏的比较

目的通过对应用Carto电解剖标测系统(Carto系统)与常规方法指导射频消融治疗频发右室流出道室性早搏(RVOT-PVCs)的比较,评价其临床应用。方法 68例频发RVOT-PVCs患者,其中Carto组36例,运用Carto系统重建右室流出道三维电解剖图后行电解剖标测靶点并予冷盐水灌注电极进行消融;另32例在X线下常规标测和消融,为常规组。比较两组的手术时间、靶点标测时间、X线曝光时间、总放电次数及有效放电率、消融成功率、并发症和随访复发结果。结果手术时间、即时成功率两组无差别(P>0.05)。与常规组相比,Carto组靶点标测时间明显缩短(50.8±10.2minvs71.9±20.9min),X线曝光时间缩短(15.5±3.8minvs27.0±7.1min),总放电次数减少(5.8±1.2次vs9.4±1.8次),有效放电率增高(48.1%±12.2%vs31.5%±7.9%),复发率降低(2.8%vs9.4%),P均<0.05。两组均无并发症。结论两种标测方法消融频发RVOT-PVCs均有效,安全。但Carto系统对复杂的多源多形早搏有明显的优势。

职业足球正当理由终止合同的CAS法理

有无正当理由终止合同是职业足球领域的常见问题,国际体育仲裁院(Court of Arbitration for Sport,CAS)通过解决这类争议,逐渐形成了职业足球正当理由终止合同的独特法理。对职业足球正当理由终止合同的CAS法理进行研究,指出:俱乐部欠薪、侵犯运动员人格权可构成球员终止合同的正当理由;球员重大违约或严重不当行为可构成俱乐部终止合同的正当理由;球员表现不佳或伤病难以构成俱乐部终止合同的正当理由。CAS已形成评判这些事由是否构成正当理由的相应标准。为维护合同稳定,CAS法理强调有约必守原则,突出诚信原则,保护运动员的人格权。分析涉及中国职业足球俱乐部的CAS判例,认为:CAS可能的中国当事方应加强规则意识、法律意识,充分学习和了解国际规则和CAS法理;中国足球治理的规范化、法治化不足,急需加强法治化建设。