Colorectal cancer’s burden attributable to a diet high in processed meat in the Belt and Road Initiative countries

BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)plays a significant role in morbidity,mortality,and economic cost in the Belt and Road Initiative(“B and R”)countries.In addition,these countries have a substantial consumption of processed meat.However,the burden and trend of CRC in relation to the consumption of a diet high in processed meat(DHPM-CRC)in these“B and R”countries remain unknown.AIM To analyze the burden and trend of DHPM-CRC in the“B and R”countries from 1990 to 2019.METHODS We used the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study to collate information regarding the burden of DHPM-CRC.Numbers and age-standardized rates(ASRs)of deaths along with the disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)were determined among the“B and R”countries in 1990 and 2019.Using joinpoint regression analysis,the average annual percent change(AAPC)was used to analyze the temporal trends of age-standardized DALYs rate(ASDALR)from 1990 to 2019 and in the final decade(2010–2019).RESULTS We found geographical differences in the burden of DHPM-CRC among“B and R”countries,with the three highest-ranking countries being the Russian Federation,China,and Ukraine in 1990,and China,the Russian Federation,and Poland in 2019.The burden of DHPM-CRC generally increased in most member countries from 1990 to 2019(all P<0.05).The absolute number of deaths and DALYs in DHPM-CRC were 3151.15[95%uncertainty interval(UI)665.74-5696.64]and 83249.31(95%UI 15628.64-151956.31)in China in 2019.However,the number of deaths(2627.57-2528.51)and DALYs(65867.39-55378.65)for DHPM-CRC in the Russian Federation has declined.The fastest increase in ASDALR for DHPM-CRC was observed in Vietnam,Southeast Asia,with an AAPC value of 3.90%[95%confidence interval(CI):3.63%-4.16%],whereas the fastest decline was observed in Kyrgyzstan,Central Asia,with an AAPC value of-2.05%(95%CI:-2.37%to-1.73%).A substantial upward trend in ASR of mortality,years lived with disability,years of life lost,and DALYs from DHPM-CRC changes in 1990-2019 and the final decade(2010-2019)for most Maritime Silk Route members in East Asia,South Asia,Southeast Asia,North Africa,and the Middle East,as well as Central Europe,while those of the most Land Silk Route members in Central Asia and Eastern Europe have decreased markedly(all P<0.05).The ASDALR for DHPM-CRC increased more in males than in females(all P<0.05).For those aged 50-74 years,the ASDALR for DHPM-CRC in 40 members exhibited an increasing trend,except for 20 members,including 7 members in Central Asia,Maldives,and 12 high or high-middle social development index(SDI)members in other regions(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION The burden of DHPM-CRC varies substantially across“B and R”countries and threatens public health.Relevant evidence-based policies and interventions tailored to the different trends of countries in SDIs or Silk Routes should be adopted to reduce the future burden of CRC in“B and R”countries via extensive collaboration.

Marie's Suffering in A Road to the Big City from the Perspective of Feminism

Some scholars concerns about the conflicts between Marie and Lilla, but few of them studies the conflicts between femaleand male in the novel. In the novel, Marie's suffering is not only from the fraudulence of her sister, but also from the oppression ofmale by the perspective of feminism.In the family, it implies that she is oppressed by male, which can be understood from the differ-ence of their jobs and the traditional image of her mother, while in the society, she suffers a lot from Jansen, which can be seen fromthe descriptive perspective of appearance of Marie, the dialogue between waitress and Jansen, the dialogue between Marie and Jan-sen as well as Jansen's decision to the leaving of Marie. The double oppression of Marie's suffering both reflects the unequal posi-tion of male and female.By this analysis, it can impulse female to improve themselves and it also calls on female to get along wellwith male by the appropriate way.

Discourse Analysis of the Belt and Road Initiative From the Perspective of Central Asian Countries: A Case Study of the Republic of Kazakhstan

This study employs Norman Fairclough’s Critical Discourse Analysis(CDA)three-dimensional model,using the Republic of Kazakhstan as a case study,to delve into the discourse construction of China’s Belt and Road Initiative(BRI)in Central Asian countries.Through detailed analysis of policy documents,media reports,and public discussions in Central Asian countries,this paper reveals how the BRI constructs specific social practices,discourse events,and textual meanings within these nations.The findings indicate that through this global development strategy,China has not only strengthened its economic ties with Central Asian countries but has also exerted profound influences on political,cultural,and social levels.

Rules for Access of Foreign Capitals to Agricultural Field in Countries along the "Belt and Road"

Agriculture is related to the strategy and security of a country. Every country is very discreet about access of foreign capitals to the agricultural field. Countries along the " Belt and Road" also have imposed restrictions on the access of foreign capitals to the agricultural field.There are restrictions on establishing agriculture-related enterprises,affiliated organizations,and branch offices. Also,there are regulations concerning the scope,proportion,performance requirement,and approval of access of foreign capitals to the agricultural field.

China-Russia-India The BRICS Countries in Eurasia Are the Key Factors in the Construction of the Silk Road Economic Belt

China is the starting point and pioneer and driver of the Silk Road Economic Belt; Russia is located in the throat place of the belt; and India is at the joint of the belt and the Maritime Silk Road. China, Russia, and India as the BRICS countries are geo-connected, easy to reach a consensus because of their common and similar interests. The three countries also have common inherent demands and strategic directions： connectivity, complementarity, taking advantage of the great powers of Eurasia and sea-land compound, moving toward the grand trend of modern international economy and technology development. Promoting the construction of the Silk Road Economic Belt accords with their respective interests, and is their common interests, which decide that China, Russia, and India are the key factors and dominant forces in the construction of the belt.

Investigating Road Safety Management Systems in the European Countries: Patterns and Particularities

A road safety management (RSM) system can be defined as “a complex institutional structure that involves cooperating and interacting bodies which support the tasks and processes necessary for the prevention and reduction of road traffic injuries”. RSM should promote the road safety progress of the country. However, the details of this relationship are generally lacking. This study explored the RSM systems in European countries based on the information collected through interviews with experts and officials, in each country, and using a “good practice” criteria questionnaire. The dataset included 14 countries with fifty items related to five RSM areas: institutional organization;policy formulation and adoption;policy implementation and funding;monitoring and evaluation;scientific support, information and capacity building. Cluster analyses and correlations were used to identify country groups with similar RSM components, to recognize typical RSM structures if available and to examine the relationship between RSM and road safety performance of the countries. The findings showed that all the countries are different when RSM systems are considered as a whole, making it impossible to identify typical RSM structures or a single best working model at a national level. However, it is possible to compare countries when the RSM areas are considered separately, where the clusters of countries recognized by the study present the patterns common for those European countries. Across the analyses, a number of countries with a consistently higher and lower availability of the RSM components were identified, enabling a final countries’ ranking into a number of groups. The latter actually reflects the level of RSM in the country, in terms of its correspondence to the “good practice” criteria. A further analysis indicated a positive correlation between the higher level of the RSM system and better safety performance of the countries.

Research on Teaching Innovation of Property Insurance Course:Based on the Perspective of Big Data Development

The development of big data has brought unprecedented challenges and opportunities to the teaching reform of higher education.Property insurance course is the core course of economics and management,and it is the guarantee for the supply of talents in the health financial market.Big data technology and data economy put forward innovative requirements for its teaching objectives,teaching content,and teaching system.In China’s new round of double-first-class universities and disciplines,big data is an important foundation and driving force.The comprehensive integration of property insurance and big data is reflected in:Cultivate students’big data thinking;Cultivate students’practical application ability based on market employment needs;Build a new discipline system of applied economics,and achieve good coordination between property insurance courses and other disciplines;The government,enterprises and universities form a strategic partnership to jointly participate in the development and construction of courses;The formulation of government policies can have a better governance effect on the development of higher education and talent training.

Improving hospital-based trauma care for road traffic injuries in Malawi

BACKGROUND: The mortality rate from road traffic injuries has increased in sub-Saharan Africa as the number of motor vehicles increase. This study examined the capacity of hospitals along Malawi's main north-south highway to provide emergency trauma care.METHODS: Structured interviews and checklists were used to evaluate the infrastructure, personnel, supplies, and equipment at all four of Malawi's central hospitals, ten district hospitals, and one mission hospital in 2014. Most of these facilities are along the main north-south highway that spans the country.RESULTS: Between July 2013 and March 2014, more than 9 200 road traffic injuries(RTIs) and 100 RTI deaths were recorded by the participating hospitals. All of the hospitals reported staff shortages, especially during nights and weekends. Few clinicians had completed formal training in emergency trauma management, and healthcare workers reported gaps in knowledge and skills, especially at district hospitals. Most central hospitals had access to the critical supplies and medications necessary for trauma care, but district hospitals lacked some of the supplies and equipment needed for diagnosis, treatment, and personal protection.CONCLUSION: The mortality and disability burden from road traffi c injuries in Malawi(and other low-income countries in sub-Saharan Africa) can be reduced by ensuring that every central and district hospital has a dedicated trauma unit with qualified staff who have completed primary trauma care courses and have access to the equipment necessary to save lives.

Traffic Maps and Smartphone Trajectories to Model Air Pollution, Exposure and Health Impact

In this study, we explored to combine traffic maps and smartphone trajectories to model traffic air pollution, exposure and health impact. The approach was step-by-step modeling through the causal chain: engine emission, traffic density versus traffic velocity, traffic pollution concentration, exposure along individual trajectories, and health risk. A generic street with 100 km/h speed limit was used as an example to test the model. A single fixed-time trajectory had maximum exposure at velocity of 45 km/h at maximum pollution concentration. The street population had maximum exposure shifted to a velocity of 15 km/h due to the congestion density of vehicles. The shift is a universal effect of exposure. In this approach, nearly every modeling step of traffic pollution depended on traffic velocity. A traffic map is a super-efficient pre-processor for calculating real-time traffic pollution exposure at global scale using big data analytics.

ChatGPT赋能公路检测行业带来的机遇、挑战及展望

ChatGPT赋能公路检测行业,通过此项技术去实现公路智能化检测,就有了底层技术逻辑支撑点。这是一场创新中的颠覆式变革,展现出一个全新的检测思维逻辑。ChatGPT人工智能强大的自然语言处理、数据整理和数据分析、深度学习等,能分析出桥梁外观病害真实情况。通过数字孪生技术,能够对公路、桥梁服役性能评估。大数据可以有效提升公路检测效率,提高检测管理时效性,确保全路网稳定安全运行,优化改革公路检测管理模式,让检测工作向着专业化、科学化、智能化、市场化方向全面发展。

Belt and road initiative and healthy silk road:an alternative path for Pacific island countries to participate in global public health governance

Pacific island countries(PICs)located in a region with relatively insufficient capacity to respond to public health emergencies,establishing reliable public health cooperation is conducive to maintaining security and stability.The belt and road initiative(BRI)launched by China attempts to provide a novel form of international cooperation and has supported multi-channel investment and construction.This article elucidates the history of public health cooperation between China and PICs,as well as the current situation of the BRI in the field of public health and emphasizes that there are numerous constraints in the public health cooperation between China and PICs.Given the profound impact of COVID-19 on diplomatic strategies,gradual cooperation in the field of public health may be the initial exploration of the BRI in the PICs,but it also means that the initiative must deal with challenges from geopolitical competition and cultural differences.

CASS与ERDAS软件在田间道路工程设计中的应用

在分析CASS与ERDAS软件在田间道路工程设计中的特点的基础上,以资阳市安岳县大埝乡土地整理项目为例,对CASS与ER-DAS软件在田间道路工程设计中的综合应用进行了探讨,提出结合VR-GIS技术进行田间道路工程设计的方法,对正在大规模进行的土地整理项目具有很好的参考价值和借鉴意义。

ICT水平对学生数字化阅读素养的影响--基于PISA跨国学生评估项目的多层次模型比较

本研究旨在利用PISA2018跨国学生测评数据,通过多层次模型方法系统刻画与评估个体-学校-国家层级的ICT水平对数字化阅读素养的影响路径及其效应。实证研究发现,不仅各层ICT水平对学生数字化阅读素养具有显著正向效应,且不同层级间存在显著的跨层交互调节效应;同时,“一带一路”国家与发达经济体在ICT水平上的发展差距在短期具有拉大数字化阅读素养差距的“马太效应”,但长期来看“一带一路”国家更快的ICT发展速率又将“平抑”技术分层导致的差异固化问题。中国应积极利用自身ICT发展优势,参与全球教育治理,引领“一带一路”沿线国家ICT水平与国民数字化阅读素养的协同发展,为全球教育发展开辟新的发展道路,贡献中国力量。

“绿屋会议”:WTO走出合法性危机的一道坎

备受诟病的"绿屋会议"迄今尚未得到适当改良,WTO依然深陷于合法性危机之中。介评改革"绿屋会议"的若干意见,并从负责任的发展中大国之立场出发,提出恰当可行的改良方案,对于WTO走出合法性危机和推进多哈发展回合谈判,进而抑制国际金融危机,以及塑造和谐的国际经济关系,具有重要的理论和实践意义。

中国对“一带一路”亚非欧重点国家直接投资效率评价研究——基于动态DEA方法

对外直接投资效率问题关系着我国对外直接投资的质量,自“一带一路”倡议实施以来,2019年我国对外直接投资存量已达21988.8亿美元。为促进我国“一带一路”合作机制进一步走深走实,本文基于动态DEA模型,选取亚非欧60个国家为研究对象,研究2013~2019年我国对“一带一路”沿线国家的直接投资效率。实证分析发现:我国对亚非欧60个国家的OFDI总效率整体处于中低水平,国别差异较大,国家间差距呈现出亚洲>欧洲>非洲的情况;各项指标效率表现为欧洲>亚洲>非洲;三大区域IDI、ET、FR效率值呈现出差异化特征。为此提出加强东道国基础设施建设国际合作,优化产业结构,强化双边贸易关系等对策建议,从而促进“一带一路”合作机制的深入开展,加强与沿线国家的经贸投资和国际合作。

中国与“一带一路”沿线中东欧四国的人文交流热点研究——基于Citespace的科学知识图谱分析

随着我国“一带一路”战略的实施,中国与“一带一路”沿线国家相关的人文社科研究正在增加。但是,尚缺乏国内学者和“一带一路”沿线国家学者的研究趋势、学科分布和热点等方面的对比分析等研究。因此,本文选取波兰、捷克、匈牙利与保加利亚四国,采用科学知识图谱可视化分析软件CiteSpace,以国内外学者2014年至2018年五年间发表的相关高被引论文为样本,通过多维图像直观地展现出研究关注的焦点问题,分析并总结中国和四国学者在社会科学研究的热点问题的差异性和相同性,把握相关热点问题的学科进展和发展趋势,以期对未来四国社会问题分析研究和人文交流对策起到启示和引导作用。

“一带一路”背景下西北五省及中亚五国 医疗卫生资源配置效率研究--基于三阶段DEA模型的实证研究

运用三阶段DEA模型对西北五省及中亚五国的医疗卫生资源配置效率及其影响因素进行了实证分析。结果表明:在排除外部环境因素和随机干扰之后,除了吉尔吉斯斯坦、塔吉克斯坦、陕西省和甘肃省规模报酬情况为不变外,其余国家和省的各项效率值均发生了变化,表明了三阶段DEA模型在卫生资源配置效率研究中的合理性。外部环境中人均GDP、高等院校入学率、卫生支出占GDP比重均对医疗系统效率提高有负面影响。

A炼焦厂供给侧改革背景下的备煤工艺流程优化研究

供给侧结构性改革下,节能增效成为煤炭行业转型升级的关键。为提升炼焦厂备煤工艺流程作业效率,从A炼焦厂备煤工艺流程的实际情况出发,针对目前炼焦厂在煤场堆放、导料槽堵料漏料、卸煤作业、管理秩序与审批环节等备煤工艺流程中存在的主要问题,提出优化设计方案,为提升A炼焦厂备煤工艺流程的现代化作业水平提供参考,也可为同行业提供借鉴。

基于LiDAR点云检测的城市道路轮廓提取技术

城市道路覆盖面广,容易忽略道路轮廓的分散性,LiDAR点云检测可以对其轮廓进行分割,很大程度上解决了提取效率低的问题。提出基于LiDAR点云检测的城市道路轮廓提取技术。采用空间区域网格扫描技术进行城市道路光学图像采集,对采集的城市道路光学图像进行区域性融合滤波处理,提取城市道路光学图像的灰度像素特征量,采用模糊信息融合方法进行城市道路光学图像信息融合,构建城市道路光学图像的三维点云特征大数据分布模型,结合LiDAR点云分布式检测的方法进行城市道路的轮廓特征分割,采用帧点最大灰度级特征集检测和多参数信息融合方法,实现城市道路轮廓提取和点云检测。仿真表明,在实验次数为100次时,所提方法提取时间为12 s;样本数为2000个时,所提方法提取精度为1。充分证明采用该方法进行城市道路轮廓提取的时间较短、提取准确度较高,空间规划识别能力较强,具有很好的参数优化能力。