The role of lysyl oxidase-like 1 and fibulin-5 in the development of atherosclerosis and pelvic organ prolapse

Dear Editor： I would like to congratulate Zhou et al.[1] on their study of the correlation between expression of lysyl oxidase-like 1 （LOX-1） and fibulin-5 （F5） in the car- dinal ligament tissue and pelvic organ prolapse （POP）. In their elegant work, they evaluated the levels of LOX-1 and F5 in connective tissue of the cardinal ligament in order to demonstrate signs of elastinopa- thy in women with POP. They stress the concept that several environmental risk factors could cause qualitative and quantitative changes in the connective tissue promoting POP. The above authors conclude that the specific mechanism of LOXL1 and F5 involved in the development of POP is unclear.

Five Points on the Participation of Social Organizations in the activities of the United Nations

On June 30,2019,on behalf of the Beijing Zhicheng Migrant Workers Legal Aid and Research Center(hereinafter referred to as the Center),I went to Geneva to attend the 41st Session of the UN Human Rights Council.This is my third time to participate in the activities of the UN Human Rights System.

Giving Play to the Leading Role of Political Parties in the Belt and Road Initiative——Sidelights on Asian Political Parties' Special Conference on the Silk Road

The Asian Political Parties’Silk Road Special Conference on the Silk Road,organized by the International Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China(CPC),was held in Beijing from October 14 to 16,2015.Delegates had an open dialogue on the theme'New Vision of the Silk Road,Actions for Common Development'and adopted an outcome document entitled'Bei-

Study of Problems in the Development of Non-profit Organizations in Urban Communities

With the continuous advancement of construction of urban communities and the continuous development of the needs of community residents in China,non-profit organizations in various urban communities have developed rapidly and have increasingly played an important role in social and economic life. At present,the development of non-profit organizations in urban communities is still faced with many problems,such as difficulty in raising funds,lack of incentives that results in low enthusiasm for volunteering and low participation of community residents,etc. It is urgent and practical significance to study,analyze and solve the problems faced by non-profit organizations in urban communities. That article focuses on the analysis and discussion of the problems facing the development of non-profit organizations in urban communities,and proposes countermeasures to solve the problems.

The roles of the teacher in ELT classes

Nowadays,ELT pays more attention to the ability of communication. So the role of the teacher is very different from the one before. This paper mainly gives an analysis of the possible roles a teacher is supposed to take in an ELT class by dividing the class into three stages,presenting the practical approaches and procedures of teaching to develop students' communicative abilities.

Participation of Users in Traditional and Modern Turkish Settlements

When the development level of a city is determined, its residents＇ level of participation and support to social organizations, especially the voluntarily participation to civil organizations, are taken into account, as well as, their level of utilization from city services. It is beneficial to organize civil groups who are sensitive to urban and environmental issues. In traditional Turkish settlements, it can be talked about the existence of such an organization as a natural process in social organizations including moral and humanistic values. The feeling of belonging had raised the environmental quality both physically and socially. Respect to the nature and human was the main principle of these settlements. Such organizations has displaced with the written rules and official or civil organizations in modern urban settlements. In these organizations, participation of the users to urban planning decisions is not directly, but indirectly. As people who live in modern settlements do not participate to the planning and building process, they have not felt themselves belong to the place. The environmental quality and respect to the nature and human have been lessened in these modern settlements. This study focuses on the participation of users on planning and building housing environments in traditional and modern Turkish settlements and the comparison of them with their positive and negative results with the examples given.

Research on Role Definition of Industry Association and Administrative Organ

Industry association is an important part of China＇s economic and social life, which plays an important role in these areas. However, due to various reasons, there exist some objective difficulties and problems for industry associations. In March 2013, Chinese government requires to clear relationship between govemment~ market and society, actively yet prudently carry forward the work of canceling the subordinate relations between industry associations and administrative organs, speed up the construction of modem social organizational system that is independent of government, and with well defined rights and responsibilities and self-governing by law. In such a background, it is especially necessary to deeply analyze the role definition of industry association and administrative organ, discuss how to clarify the role relationship between industry association and administrative organ, and consider how to promote the better and faster development of industry association. This paper has briefly introduced the development status and existing problems of industry association, and put forward relevant measures and suggestions to solve the problems.

Forest protected area governance in Bangladesh:a focus on the legal and policy framework

In the context of renewed interest in collaboration in natural resource management,the collaborative governance approach has lately been introduced to the forest Protected Areas(PAs)in Bangladesh.The adoption of this co-management approach is seen as an attempt to influence the governance process towards a transformation from the conventional custodian system to a more participatory management regime.Recognition of rights and responsibilities,effective participation,and equitable distribution of benefits amongst the key stakeholders working under a facilitative policy and legal framework are believed to address the broader goals of sustainable development Notwithstanding the resurgence of interest in governance of forest PAs through the co-management approach,academic research on the subject remains limited.This article attempts to review selected key information and milestones on the forest PAs governance with special reference to the major policies and legal documents.With a brief introductory section,this article focuses on the genesis and selected major features of the Forest PAs in the country.The discussion then dwells on the policy and legal framework and provides a critique on its relevance for promoting community participation.The existing institutional arrangements for community engagement in protected area governance are also analyzed in light of the national and international commitment and policy obligations on the part of the country.The salient observations and key findings of the study include the following:(1)despite its limitations,comanagement as concept and practice has gradually taken roots in Bangladesh;(2)the degree and level of active community participation remain low and limited,and there is also clear weakness in conscientizing and orientating the local community on the key legal and policy issues related to PA governance in the country;and(3)policy makers,practitioners,and other local stakeholders related to PA governance need to be oriented on international commitment and national development strategies.The study calls for systematic focus on regular research on the performance of co-management in the country,and efforts towards improving the implementation mechanisms in the field.

TEACHER'S ROLES IN AN ENGLISH CLASS OF PRIMARY SCHOOL

English is part of school curriculumn in primary school.How can children be successful in English learning? The teacher may plays an important role in the process of teaching and learning.For a teacher,to know how to teach,especially to know what roles does the teacher play in an English calss is very important.This paper presents the teacher as an cotroller,an assessor,an organizer,a participant and a resource in an English classof primary school.

有组织创新:全面提升国家创新体系整体效能的战略与进路

中国式现代化关键在于科技现代化,对推动科技强国建设、加快实现高水平科技自立自强提出新要求。然而,当前我国仍缺乏指导国家创新体系整体效能提升与转型升级的方法论和创新管理新思想。面向我国国家创新体系发展的新使命与新挑战,批判性回顾国家创新体系、新型举国体制和有组织科研的理论与实践“瓶颈”,基于整合式创新思想和场景驱动创新理论,提出以“有组织创新”全面提升国家创新体系整体效能的新战略范式,明晰有组织创新的内涵边界和理论基础,系统探讨其核心构成要素和典型特征,进一步从结构、过程和功能视角阐释运行机理,提出实践进路。研究结果为推动国家创新体系建设总体战略导向从后发追赶、创新驱动向超越追赶、创新引领转型,坚持以人民为中心的创新路线,强化企业科技创新主体地位与主导作用,健全完善新型举国体制,加快形成科技先导能力,发展新质生产力提供理论指引与战略决策参考。

董事高管责任保险与会计信息质量——基于党组织参与治理的替代或互补效应

以国务院在2020年10月出台的《关于进一步提高上市公司质量的意见》政策为研究契机,选取我国2010—2021年A股上市公司为样本,采用双向固定效应模型,在研究董事高管责任保险对会计信息质量治理作用的基础上,研究党组织参与公司治理是替代还是互补董事高管责任保险发挥这一治理效应,以及剖析其传导效应和企业异质性效应。研究结果表明:董事高管责任保险对企业会计信息质量有治理效应,且“双向进入”式党组织参与治理会提升董事高管责任保险对会计信息质量的治理效应,即存在互补效应;而“交叉任职”式党组织参与治理抑制董事高管责任保险对会计信息质量的治理效应,即替代效应。进一步分析研究表明:董事高管责任保险会通过促进企业创新和提高内部控制质量对会计信息质量发挥治理效应,并在媒体关注度或盈利能力越高的企业中这种治理效应更好。上述研究结果不仅从新视角拓展会计信息质量影响因素的研究,而且丰富董事高管责任保险和党组织参与公司治理的单独及联合治理效果,并为政府、企业等相关利益者在实践中发掘董事高管责任保险的积极作用和提高会计信息质量提供了有益的实践启示。

生成治理共同体:公共文化服务的优化路径

深化多元治理促进公共文化场所的保护与发展是公共文化服务高质量发展的重要方向。文章以质性研究方法对四川省文庙、龙神祠公共文化服务展开调查,发现存在因政府单一依赖、分散治理带来的公共文化服务供给不足等状况,提出通过高校领办、政府负责、社会组织参与形成制度化的治理共同体是有效解决途径。为提升公共文化服务质量,三方通过目标整合激发治理动能、责任分配整合治理资源、制度约定规范治理行为,形成目标、行动、利益共同体,激活多元力量的参与效能感,激发场所发展内生动力。这种多元治理模式表明,以协商、信任凝聚多元参与利益,以善治、多元互嵌重塑治理结构,以赋权、赋能和制度保障拓展社会组织参与渠道是优化公共文化服务多元治理的路径。

农村人居环境整治中妇女参与的组织路径与实践机制——以赣州“清洁家园”活动为例

农村人居环境整治是满足人民对美好生活的向往,实施乡村振兴战略的重要任务。作为面向农民生活的治理,其在实践中遭遇农民冷漠和不满的困境,需要激活和重建农民主体性,实现外部行政力量与内部自治力量的融合。在村妇女的“主内”特性及上升地位使其成为重要的治理主体资源,赣州“清洁家园”活动表明借助制度吸纳、事务匹配和双重激励等方式将妇女组织起来后,妇女能够通过调动村内治理资源,明确治理单元,累积自身治理权威等方式参与农村人居环境整治,实现治理的低成本与高效能。基于此,面向农民生活的治理要充分重视并推动在村妇女参与,但同时也应警惕生活化治理事务带来的固化女性家庭角色的风险,真正推动妇女参与公共事务,让妇女在村庄治理中发挥更大治理效用。

心理惯性视角下农户参与耕地面源污染治理意愿研究——以施用有机肥为例

为考察农户参与耕地面源污染治理意愿,促进农业绿色转型,基于河南省驻马店市507份实地调研数据,运用ELM理论,结合心理惯性,构建农户施用有机肥意愿影响因素模型,同时考虑具有不同调节定向特质的农户对信息加工的差异。结果表明:中心路径和边缘路径对农户感知价值的信息加工均有显著影响,影响大小为价格价值(0.292)、意见领袖(0.278)、评论效价(0.237)、产品效用(2.137)。总的来看,农户有机肥价值感知受边缘路径的影响作用更大;感知价值(0.536)显著影响农户的有机肥施用意愿;心理惯性(-0.074)削弱了感知价值与施用有机肥意愿之间的影响;促进定向(0.114)特质农户强化了评论效价与感知价值之间的作用。为推动农户积极参与耕地面源污染治理应从完善有机肥补贴政策、发挥意见领袖引导作用、加强有机肥施用效果推广等方面考量。

外源内生型社会组织参与农村社会治理何以可能?

社会组织参与农村社会治理有助于提升社会治理效能,契合了国家推动社会组织积极参与乡村振兴的要求。与外源型和内生型社会组织不同,外源内生型社会组织主要由村庄外部主体动员成立,由村内精英运行,具有参与农村社会治理的优势,但因缺乏外部资源的持续性输入,导致很多外源内生型社会组织运行困难。本文以运行较好的一个外源内生型社会组织陕西省T村老年协会为个案,探讨外源内生型社会组织参与农村社会治理的机理。研究发现,通过一定的组织行为,外源内生型社会组织可以形成参与农村社会治理的各项机制,如与其他治理组织互相嵌入的组织机制,政府资助、社会捐赠与用者付费相结合的多元化筹资机制,定期活动串联重塑村庄节奏的链接机制,规范活动程序与采取预防措施的风险防范机制,以声誉、信任和互惠为关键因素巩固集体行动领导力的领导机制,从而保障外源内生型社会组织有效参与农村社会治理,助力乡村振兴。

借制确权:中国情境下科层组织“角色再生产”的实现机制

科层组织如何在环境变动影响下为自主权而奋斗?以A市乡村振兴部门为观察对象的案例研究表明,扶贫办为对接国家战略转型改组为乡村振兴局之后,由隐性规训型科层组织转变为业务型科层组织,自主权由此而脆弱,治理能力难以匹配治理目标。为摆脱困境,乡村振兴局突破“行为—目标”常规范式,凭借充分合理运用规则基础上的职能承揽和绩效联结,完成了“角色再生产”,重升为隐性规训型科层组织,不仅自主权得以修复,也在一定程度上提升了乡村振兴战略在地化践行的效能。“自主为体、规则为用”是科层组织源于本能之内、受制于情境之下的“行为—目标”新机制,是中国议事型治理的制度化与非常规化并行、国家战略治理的递进性和届准性共存,以及国家治理制度逻辑演变等因素共同作用的结果。就此而言,“借制确权”为理解科层组织与环境之间的“中国式关系”,以及国家战略在地化践行的微观机理提供了新的学理参照。

社区社会组织参与社区治理:角色、挑战及赋能

社区社会组织是推动基层社会治理现代化的新兴力量,是新时代深化社会体制改革、激发社会活力、创新社会治理的重要主体。社区社会组织参与社区治理,可以发挥社区公共服务创新者、基层社会矛盾协调者、社区社会资本生产者、社区经济发展推动者的角色功能。近年来在制度层面出台了一系列推动社区社会组织发展的政策,促进了社区社会组织数量上的骤增,但是基于法人行动者的视角,现实中的社区社会组织在参与社区治理的实践过程中仍面临组织的自主性困境、组织间的协作性困境以及社区层面的认同性困境。为回应上述挑战,推动社区社会组织的高质量发展,提升社区社会组织参与社区治理的效能,需要基于治理共同体视域,强化服务型监管与制度性支持的行政赋能,注重行业自治与合作共进的自我赋能,突出智治平台建设与数字能力建设的数字赋能。

图书馆在社会美育中的角色定位及参与途径--以上海市“社会大美育”课堂为例

社会美育是通过社会的审美机构和社会美化活动来提高人们的审美能力,最终促进社会和谐进步的一种潜移默化的教育。作为社会美育的机构,博物馆、美术馆等往往被关注和讨论。而同样是公共文化的重要组成部分的图书馆,却鲜有学者去关注其美育的形式和内容、参与社会美育的途径。2023年上海市启动了“社会大美育”课堂,整合图书馆、美术馆、博物馆、院团、剧场等公共文化资源系统性开展社会美育活动,图书馆是其中不可或缺的重要组成部分。以此为例,探讨公共图书馆在社会美育中的角色定位及参与途径。

老年人社会参与组织化发展的三个突出问题——基于老年协会的视角

组织化是老年人参与社会发展的重要形式。老年协会作为老年人参与社会发展的自组织平台,不仅是老年群体有序参与社会发展的重要组织形式,而且是推动我国老龄工作尤其是城乡社区老龄工作的重要组织载体。改革开放至今,在党和国家一系列政策的推动与支持下,我国老年协会在整合老年人资源、参与基层治理等方面发挥了重要作用。然而,与深度老龄化的时代背景相比,老年协会的发展现状还远远不能满足党中央对其提出的新要求。当前,我国老年协会存在合法性困境、管理体制困境、内部治理困境三大突出问题,它们已成为阻碍老年协会规范化、专业化发展的重要樊篱。