The Distribution Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndromes in Patients with Hyperlipidemia

Objective: Hyperlipidemia is a representative nutritional metabolic disease in clinic, which is easy to induce atherosclerotic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, with complex classification. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) syndrome aims to reflect the characteristics of diseases and is the basic principle of TCM treatment of diseases. This study aimed to summarize the distribution pattern of TCM syndromes in patients with hyperlipidemia. Methods: The frequency, characteristics and distribution of all TCM syndromes of 1012 patients with hyperlipidemia were analyzed. Results: The main disease types determined by frequency of 1012 patients included hypertriglyceridemia combined with hypo high-density lipoprotein cholesterolemia (19.76%), hypo high-density lipoprotein cholesterolemia (18.58%), hypercholesterolemia (16.50%), mixed hyperlipidemia (16.40%), and hypertriglyceridemia (15.12%). The distribution of TCM syndromes, in order of frequency, was as follows: Qi-deficiency and blood stasis syndrome (23.52%), liver depression and spleen deficiency (9.88%), syndrome of qi stagnation and blood stasis (9.29%), phlegm stasis syndrome (7.41%), and syndrome of yang deficiency of spleen and kidney (6.92%). Conclusion: Qi-deficiency and blood stasis syndrome and liver depression and spleen deficiency are the most common TCM syndromes in patients with hyperlipidemia.

Clinical Observation on Quality of Life in Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Patients Treated According to Syndrome Differentiation of TCM

Objective: To evaluate the clinical effect and quality of life (QOL) in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) patients treated according to syndrome differentiation of TCM. Methods: Eighty-two CABG patients were allocated in the control group (n = 39) treated with conventional method of western medicine, and the TCM-treated group (n

Summary of Experience in Treating Hyperthyroidism with TCM Syndrome Differentiation

Syndrome differentiation is the characteristic and soul of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), which has certain advantages in the treatment of hyperthyroidism. TCM mainly divides its syndrome differentiation into four types: exuberant liver fire type, yin deficiency and fire exuberant type, qi-yin deficiency type and phlegm stagnation type. This paper summarizes the treatment of hyperthyroidism by TCM syndrome differentiation, in order to provide some reference for the treatment of this disease.

Effects of TCM Nursing Based on Syndrome Differentiation on Pulmonary Function and Quality of Life in Patients with Acute Exacerbation of COPD

[Objectives] To investigate the effects of TCM nursing based on syndrome differentiation on pulmonary function and quality of life in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). [Methods] A total of 92 patients with AECOPD who came to Nanchong Chinese Medicine Hospital from March 2022 to February 2023 were selected for the study, and the intervention group (TCM nursing based on syndrome differentiation, 46 cases) and the conventional group (basic nursing, 46 cases) were selected for the study, and the pulmonary function and quality of life of the two groups were compared. [Results] Before nursing, there was no significant difference in levels of forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), and percentage of forced expiratory volume in one second to forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) between the intervention group and conventional group ( P >0.05). After 3 months of nursing, the levels of FVC, FEV1 and FEV1/FVC in the intervention group were higher than those in the conventional group ( P <0.05). Before nursing, there was no significant difference in the scores of health, emotion and social functions between the two groups ( P >0.05). At three months of nursing, the scores of health, emotion, and social functions in the intervention group were higher than those in the conventional group ( P <0.05). [Conclusions] The implementation of TCM nursing based on syndrome differentiation in patients with AECOPD can effectively improve the pulmonary function and quality of life of patients, and has significant clinical implementation value.

Research on Text Mining of Syndrome Element Syndrome Differentiation by Natural Language Processing

Objective Natural language processing (NLP) was used to excavate and visualize the core content of syndrome element syndrome differentiation (SESD). Methods The first step was to build a text mining and analysis environment based on Python language, and built a corpus based on the core chapters of SESD. The second step was to digitalize the corpus. The main steps included word segmentation, information cleaning and merging, document-entry matrix, dictionary compilation and information conversion. The third step was to mine and display the internal information of SESD corpus by means of word cloud, keyword extraction and visualization. Results NLP played a positive role in computer recognition and comprehension of SESD. Different chapters had different keywords and weights. Deficiency syndrome elements were an important component of SESD, such as "Qi deficiency""Yang deficiency" and "Yin deficiency". The important syndrome elements of substantiality included "Blood stasis""Qi stagnation", etc. Core syndrome elements were closely related. Conclusions Syndrome differentiation and treatment was the core of SESD. Using NLP to excavate syndromes differentiation could help reveal the internal relationship between syndromes differentiation and provide basis for artificial intelligence to learn syndromes differentiation.

Analysis of 278 Cases of Clinical Application of Western Medicine with Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome Differentiation

Since the beginning of the Western Learning, modern medicine has developed rapidly in China, and the integration of Chinese and western medicine has become inevitable. Since Zhang Xichun's "Medicine in the West", using traditional Chinese medicine theory to guide the practice of western medicine, through long-term clinical diagnosis, we gradually realized the advantages of applying western medicine according to TCM syndrome differentiation. Therefore, 278 patients from the Second People's Hospital of Gansu Province from July 2015 to December 2017 were enrolled in the relevant departments of the Department of Internal Medicine. On the basis of routine treatment, TCM was obtained through inspection, inquiry, listening and smelling, palpation and pulse-taking. The syndrome type is based on the medicinal properties, menstruation and ef?cacy of more than ten kinds of western medicines, so that they can reach Chinese medicine[1]. Therefore, this paper aims to improve the accuracy of western medicine use, reduce the incidence of adverse reactions, discover the new ef?cacy of western medicine,and promote the integration of Chinese and western medicine.

Mining Syndrome Differentiating Principles from Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Data

Syndrome differentiation-based treatment is one of the key characteristics of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM).The process of syndrome differentiation is difficult and challenging due to its complexity,diversity and vagueness.Analyzing syndrome principles from historical records of TCM using data mining(DM)technology has been of high interest in recent years.Nevertheless,in most relevant studies,existing DM algorithms have been simply developed for TCM mining,while the combination of TCM theories or its characteristics with DM algorithms has rarely been reported.This paper presents a novel Symptom-Syndrome Topic Model(SSTM),which is a supervised probabilistic topic model with three-tier Bayesian structure.In the SSTM,syndromes are considered as observed topic labels to distinguish certain symptoms from possible symptoms according to their different positions.The generation of our model is in full compliance with the syndrome differentiation theory of TCM.Experimental results show that the SSTM is more effective than other models for syndrome differentiating.

Acupuncture therapy with point selection based on syndrome differentiation along the meridians for functional dyspepsia:a randomized controlled trial

Objective:To observe the difference in clinical efficacy between acupuncture with point selection based on syndrome differentiation along the meridians and acupuncture at non-meridian and non-acupoint points for functional dyspepsia(FD).Methods:A total of 74 FD patients were randomized into an observation group and a control group,with 37 cases in each group.Both groups received acupuncture treatment.Zusanli(ST 36)and Neiguan(PC 6)were selected in the observation group,with Taichong(LR 3)and Neiting(ST 44)added for excess syndrome,and Gongsun(SP 4)and Yinlingquan(SP 9)added for deficiency syndrome.Four non-meridian and non-acupoint points were selected in the control group.The treatments in both groups were performed once a day with a 2-day break after 5 consecutive treatments,which constituted one treatment course.A total of 4 courses were performed.The scores of Nepean dyspepsia index(NDI)and Leeds dyspepsia questionnaire(LDQ)were recorded before and after treatment,and during follow-up(8,12,16,20 and 24 weeks after recruitment)to assess the clinical efficacy.Results:The NDI scores in the two groups after treatment and at each time point during follow-up were higher than those before treatment(all P<0.05),and the LDQ scores were lower than those before treatment(all P<0.05).The NDI scores after treatment and at each time point during follow-up in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(all P<0.01);the total LDQ score and scores of upper abdominal pain,postprandial satiety and upper abdominal burning sensation after treatment and at each time point during follow-up in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.01 or P<0.05)..Conclusion:Acupuncture with point selection based on syndrome differentiation along the meridians has a better curative effect than acupuncture at non meridian and non-acupoint points in the treatment of FD.

癌症相关性疲乏(CRF)患者疲劳的特征与中医辨证(TCM)的临床研究

目的:运用测评量表对癌症患者的CRF症状进行研究,探索其中医证型特点。方法:以疲劳自评量表、MDASI-TCM症状评估量表等进行问卷调查;中医证型诊断标准参照《中医证候的临床研究指导原则》。运用网络自评系统、Excel及SPSS13.0软件对数据进行统计分析。结果:CRF患者常伴随困倦、睡眠不安、健忘、烦躁、疼痛、出汗、口干、食欲差、气短、麻木感、心慌等症状;健康人躯体疲劳分值11.88±12.89,CRF患者51.38±28.13(P<0.05),健康人疲劳后果16.92±14.76,CRF患者39.00±25.64(P<0.05);CRF患者辨证常出现两证(如肺肾两虚证)或三证(如肾阴虚气血两虚证)相兼的情况,在证型频次中,气虚证及脾、肺气虚证占43.43%,血虚及阴虚证占36.36%,阳虚证占8.08%,实证(湿热蕴脾、寒湿困脾证)占12.12%。结论:CRF患者的疲劳类型以躯体疲劳为主,程度重,通常不能通过睡眠或休息缓解。中医辨证常见多证相兼情况,分型以虚证多,实证少,尤以气虚为主,血虚次之,实证均为脾受湿邪之累而致。不同证型间的疲劳特征无显著性差异。

Traditional Chinese Medicine Nursing Protocols for Wheezing Disease(Bronchial Asthma)

Wheezing disease( bronchial asthma) is a common but refractory disease among pulmonary diseases. It tends to attack repeatedly,and is difficult to be cured. In recent years,some studies have shown that effective traditional Chinese medicine( TCM) nursing interventions on the wheezing disease can significantly ameliorate the treatment compliance of patients,reduce the attack and improve the quality of life. Therefore,it is important for patients with different patterns of syndrome to receive effective and reasonable TCMnursing intervention. This article mainly explored the key points of common syndromes,TCMnursing methods and health guidance of wheezing disease in order to further develop the advantages of TCM,improve its efficacy and standardized its nursing behavior.

Clinical Observation on Syndrome Differentiation Staging Therapy of Central Serous Chorioretinopathy

Objective: To observe the effect of traditional Chinese medicine in Syndrome Differentiation Staging therapy （SDST） in treating central serous chorioretinopathy （CSC）. Methods: One hundred patients of CSC were divided into two groups, the TCM group and the control group, and were treated with SDST and western medicine respectively. Results: The total effective rate of the two groups was 98 % and 82 % respectively and their mean cure time 35 ± 7.0 days and 39 ± 8.8 days respectively. Comparison between the two groups showed significant difference （P＜0.05）, effect in the TCM group was superior to that in the control group.Conclusion: SDST treatment was helpful in curing CSC. Its basic action is to relieve Qi stagnation and blood stasis, which were taken as the basic physiopathologic change of CSC. And the staging therapy could enhance the therapeutic effect in different stages of the disease.

Talking about Hot Flashes (潮热)

Women worldwide are dealing with hot flashes (潮热), a perimenopausal feature that is often tiring,embarrassing, and energeticallydraining. Conventionally, Chinese medicine defines hot flashes as Kidney-yin deficiency and its clinical manifestations include red face,sweating, hot sensations in the palms and soles, mouth and nose dryness, constipation, insomnia, lumbar soreness, knee weakness, redtongue, etc. To obtain a broader perspective and understand the dynamics of hot flashes, we examined the mechanisms behind hot flashesbased on both the knowledge from ancient Chinese medicinal texts, as well as novel research findings of Chinese and Western medicine.This perspective was the foundation for the acupuncture study of our traditional Chinese medicine conducted in 2018-2019 in Shanghai.This study, designed as a pragmatic randomized control trial with two parallel groups, focused on regulating and unblocking conceptionand governor vessels. The results confirmed that our acupuncture method could effectively reduce both the frequency and severity of hotflashes and improve life quality of middle-aged women.

Research progress of diabetes treatment guided by Traditional Chinese Medicine constitutional types

Diabetes and its complications seriously affect patients’life quality,and have a major impact on individuals,families,health systems,and national economies.Traditional Chinese Medicine constitution refers to the inherent characteristics of a relatively comprehensive and stable form,structure,physiological function,and psychological state formed under the combined effects of innate endowments and acquired in the course of an individual’s life.Many studies have shown that the constitution type is closely related to the incidence of diabetes,especially in the process of disease prevention and treatment.This article reviews the correlation of diabetes and its chronic complications with constitution types to provide theoretical basis for the treatment of diabetes based on syndrome differentiation.

Professor Ruixia Pei's Experience in Treating Hyperthyroidism

In this article,we summarize the clinical experience ofProfessor Ruixia Pei,a famous traditional Chinese medicine practitioner in Shaanxi Province,China,in treating hyperthyroidism.The etiology and pathogenesis,syndrome differentiation,and medication experience are introduced in detail.This paper summarizes the advantages of Professor Pei's methods of syndrome differentiation and treatment of hyperthyroidism.This may help enrich the clinical treatment of hyperthyroidism,and provide some diagnosis and treatment ideas.

Analysis of professor Wang Yongyan's experience in treating hemorrhagic diseases based on traditional Chinese medicine inheritance support system

Based on the data analysis platform provided by TCMISS(V2.5),this paper analyzes the rule of prescribing drugs used by Professor Yongyan Wang for the treatment of apoplexy and deepens the understanding of his academic research on syndrome differentiation and treatment.Professor Wang’s medical records were summarized and sorted into the"Chinese Medicine inheritance Assistance system".Through the functions of"frequency statistics","drug use mode","rule analysis"and so on,the characteristics of professor Yongyan Wang's prescription for treating apoplexy were statistically analyzed.It is helpful to understand and inherit Professor Wang's academic thoughts by analyzing the data of professor Wang's medical records of apoplexy.

中医智能推理辨证模型探索

虽然中医人工智能辨证诊断技术不断发展,但现有的智能辨证模型只能输出辨证诊断结果,无法展现辨证推理过程,不具有中医诊断学知识的可解释性,难以真正体现中医的辨证思维过程,这可能是困惑已久的难题。本文阐述了中医智能辨证诊断的发展历程与技术特点,探讨了当前中医智能辨证诊断研究在中医辨证思维推理解析问题上遇到的关键技术及瓶颈,提出了一种可推理解释中医辨证思维过程的新型智能辨证诊断模型架构,并阐述了模型与算法的实现过程,以及进行了详细的数据实例分析。本文将为中医的智能辨证发展提供了新的方法,为中医临床辅助决策打开了新的研究思路。

Traditional Chinese medicine treatment of immune-related pneumonia caused by PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors

With the wide application of immunotherapy drug PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor in China and the continuous clinical research,a major problem that we have to face is the immune-related pneumonia caused by PD-1/PD-L1.At present,western medicine mainly treated it by hormone therapy,which may cause side effects,such as obesity,osteoporosis and osteonecrosis for hormone therapy by long-term,and increase the patients'pain.Under the guidance of the theory of syndrome differentiation,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)advocates the methods of expelling wind and clearing away cold,resolving phlegm and relieving asthma,relieving heat from lung,and invigorating the spleen and tonifying the kidney,etc.Exact differentiation of symptoms and rational usage of drugs can play an important role in the early prevention and treatment of immune-related pneumonia,reflecting the important role of TCM in the prevention and treatment of side effects of new drugs.In order to provide an effective clinical reference for clinicians in the practice of using PD-1/PD-L1,this paper systematically reviewed the use of TCM in the treatment of immune-related pneumonia induced by PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors.

腹膜透析患者血清klotho蛋白水平与中医证候的相关性研究

目的:探讨腹膜透析患者血清klotho蛋白水平与中医证候的相关性。方法:选取180例规律腹膜透析患者作为研究对象,均进行中医辨证,分为主证和兼证两类;并根据患者肾小球滤过率(GFR)和血清分泌型klotho蛋白水平的四分位数,分为4组,统计各组中医主证、兼证分布情况。结果:180例腹膜透析患者主证占比,脾肾气虚证>气阴两虚证>肝肾阴虚证>脾肾阳虚证>阴阳两虚证;兼证占比,瘀血证>湿热证>湿浊证;不同主证的GFR和klotho蛋白水平存在显著性差异(P<0.05),GFR、klotho蛋白水平比较,肝肾阴虚证<阴阳两虚证<气阴两虚证<脾肾阳虚证<脾肾气虚证,且GFR与血清klotho蛋白水平呈正相关。不同兼证患者GFR和klotho蛋白水平比较无统计学意义(P>0.05)。按照血清分泌型klotho蛋白水平分布范围分组,发现在klotho蛋白水平较低的患者中,肝肾阴虚证和阴阳两虚证的占比较高;相反,在klotho蛋白水平较高的患者中,脾肾气虚证和脾肾阳虚证的占比较高,各组中医主证比率比较有统计学意义(P<0.05),而兼证比率比较无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:腹膜透析患者血清klotho蛋白水平与中医主证呈显著相关性,且肝肾阴虚证、阴阳两虚证者klotho蛋白降低尤其明显,主要与肾精不足或衰退相关。

中重度宫腔粘连应用中医临床决策系统效果分析

[目的]探讨中医临床决策系统在治疗中重度宫腔粘连(intrauterine adhesion,IUA)中的应用及效果。[方法]采用随机对照试验进行前瞻性研究,选择2022年1月至12月在杭州市某三级甲等中医院行宫腔镜下子宫粘连松解术的中重度IUA患者,根据是否通过中医优势病种临床决策系统进行辨证论治分为对照组(51例)、决策系统组(53例)、临床医师组(54例),比较3组患者治疗前后月经量改善、美国生育协会(American Fertility Society,AFS)评分、子宫内膜厚度、子宫内膜血流参数、中医伴随症候疗效。[结果]治疗后3组患者月经量比较,决策系统组、临床医师组较对照组均有显著改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),决策系统组与临床医师组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后3组患者宫腔AFS评分比较,决策系统组、临床医师组较对照组显著下降(P<0.01),决策系统组与临床医师组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后3组患者子宫内膜厚度显著增加,子宫内膜血流参数显著下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),但治疗前后组间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后3组患者中医伴随症候疗效比较,临床医师组较对照组、决策系统组明显改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),对照组与决策系统组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。[结论]中医临床决策系统用于中重度IUA的治疗可显著改善患者月经量,降低术后AFS评分,防止粘连再发生。

乳腺癌发病与中医体质及辨证分型的相关性研究

目的探讨乳腺癌发病与中医体质及辨证分型的相关性。方法选取2021年1月至2023年6月在安徽医科大学第一附属医院就诊的108例乳腺癌患者为观察组,另选取同期在该院进行体检的80例健康妇女为对照组。统计所有受试者的一般资料、中医体质及中医辨证分型,采用多因素logistic回归分析乳腺癌发病的危险因素,以Spearman法分析中医体质与辨证分型的相关性。结果108例乳腺癌患者中,以气虚质(18.52%)、气郁质(16.67%)、血瘀质(13.89%)占比较高,2组间平和质、气虚质、血瘀质、气郁质分布比例比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其他体质分布比例差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,平和质为乳腺癌发病的保护因素,气虚质、气郁质为乳腺癌发病的危险因素(P<0.05);108例乳腺癌患者中,辨证分型最多为气血亏虚证(56.48%),其后依次为肝郁痰凝证(18.52%)、冲任失调证(16.67%)、肝肾阴虚证(8.33%);气虚质与气血亏虚证呈正相关(P<0.05);阴虚质与肝肾阴虚证呈正相关(P<0.05);血瘀质与冲任失调证呈正相关(P<0.05);气郁质与肝郁痰凝证呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论气虚质、气郁质为乳腺癌的易感体质,乳腺癌中医体质与辨证分型存在相关性,在一定程度上影响疾病证型的发生及发展。