Theory,technology and application of grouted bolting in soft rock roadways of deep coal mines

The grouted bolt,combining rock bolting with grouting techniques,provides an effective solution for controlling the surrounding rock in deep soft rock and fractured roadways.It has been extensively applied in numerous deep mining areas characterized by soft rock roadways,where it has demonstrated remarkable control results.This article systematically explores the evolution of grouted bolting,covering its theoretical foundations,design methods,materials,construction processes,monitoring measures,and methods for assessing its effectiveness.The overview encompassed several key elements,delving into anchoring theory and grouting reinforcement theory.The new principle of high pretensioned high-pressure splitting grouted bolting collaborative active control is introduced.A fresh method for dynamic information design is also highlighted.The discussion touches on both conventional grouting rock bolts and cable bolts,as well as innovative grouted rock bolts and cables characterized by their high pretension,strength,and sealing hole pressure.An examination of the merits and demerits of standard inorganic and organic grouting materials versus the new inorganic–organic composite materials,including their specific application conditions,was conducted.Additionally,the article presents various methods and instruments to assess the support effect of grouting rock bolts,cable bolts,and grouting reinforcement.Furthermore,it provides a foundation for understanding the factors influencing decisions on grouted bolting timing,the sequence of grouting,the pressure applied,the volume of grout used,and the strategic arrangement of grouted rock bolts and cable bolts.The application of the high pretensioned high-pressure splitting grouted bolting collaborative control technology in a typical kilometer-deep soft rock mine in China—the soft coal seam and soft rock roadway in the Kouzidong coal mine,Huainan coal mining area,was introduced.Finally,the existing problems in grouted bolting control technology for deep soft rock roadways are analyzed,and the future development trend of grouted bolting control technology is anticipated.

Controlling the dynamic behavior of decentralized cluster through centralized approaches

How to control the dynamic behavior of large-scale artificial active matter is a critical concern in experimental research on soft matter, particularly regarding the emergence of collective behaviors and the formation of group patterns. Centralized systems excel in precise control over individual behavior within a group, ensuring high accuracy and controllability in task execution. Nevertheless, their sensitivity to group size may limit their adaptability to diverse tasks. In contrast, decentralized systems empower individuals with autonomous decision-making, enhancing adaptability and system robustness. Yet, this flexibility comes at the cost of reduced accuracy and efficiency in task execution. In this work, we present a unique method for regulating the centralized dynamic behavior of self-organizing clusters based on environmental interactions. Within this environment-coupled robot system, each robot possesses similar dynamic characteristics, and their internal programs are entirely identical. However, their behaviors can be guided by the centralized control of the environment, facilitating the accomplishment of diverse cluster tasks. This approach aims to balance the accuracy and flexibility of centralized control with the robustness and task adaptability of decentralized control. The proactive regulation of dynamic behavioral characteristics in active matter groups, demonstrated in this work through environmental interactions, holds the potential to introduce a novel technological approach and provide experimental references for studying the dynamic behavior control of large-scale artificial active matter systems.

Contract Mechanism of Water Environment Regulation for Small and Medium Sized Enterprises Based on Optimal Control Theory

The small and scattered enterprise pattern in the county economy has formed numerous sporadic pollution sources, hindering the centralized treatment of the water environment, increasing the cost and difficulty of treatment. How enterprises can make reasonable decisions on their water environment behavior based on the external environment and their own factors is of great significance for scientifically and effectively designing water environment regulation mechanisms. Based on optimal control theory, this study investigates the design of contractual mechanisms for water environmental regulation for small and medium-sized enterprises. The enterprise is regarded as an independent economic entity that can adopt optimal control strategies to maximize its own interests. Based on the participation of multiple subjects including the government, enterprises, and the public, an optimal control strategy model for enterprises under contractual water environmental regulation is constructed using optimal control theory, and a method for calculating the amount of unit pollutant penalties is derived. The water pollutant treatment cost data of a paper company is selected to conduct empirical numerical analysis on the model. The results show that the increase in the probability of government regulation and public participation, as well as the decrease in local government protection for enterprises, can achieve the same regulatory effect while reducing the number of administrative penalties per unit. Finally, the implementation process of contractual water environmental regulation for small and medium-sized enterprises is designed.

High Yield Cultivation and Pest Control Technology of Cashew

In order to enhance the yield and quality of cashew,it is essential to implement high-yield cultivation techniques effectively throughout the production process.Additionally,pest control measures should be employed to provide technical support for the industrialized development of cashew.

Research on the Control Cover against Solenopsis invicta and Rapid Extinguishment of Its Epidemic

Based on the biological characteristics of Solenopsis invicta and the structural characteristics of its ant nest,a fast and efficient closed treatment device was developed.Compared with the simple chemical treatment commonly used at present,the developed treatment device(the ant nest control cover)is a fast and efficient method to exterminate S.invicta in 7 d,featured by short course,quick results and good effect.

Analysis of the Impact of Big Data Technology on Environmental Pollution Control Audit

As China strives towards the second centenary goal,increasing attention is being paid to environmental pollution and other related issues.Concurrently,with the rapid development of big data technology,many big data solutions have been applied to environmental pollution control audits,exerting a significant impact.This paper presents the current situation of environmental pollution audits,summarizing the application of big data from the perspectives of both domestic and international research.In terms of data collection and data analysis for environmental pollution audits,cloud platform technology,and visualization technology are selected based on multiple data sources.The impact in the field of environmental pollution control audits is further analyzed.It is found that the environmental pollution audit cloud platform is not yet perfect,the technical skills of audit personnel are insufficient,and some technologies are not mature.Relevant suggestions are put forward to provide a reference for the future development of big data technology and its integration with environmental pollution control audits.

Design and Application of Intelligent Control System for Molten Iron Transportation Based on 5G Technology

Molten transport is an important link in the iron and steel enterprise production,involves many complex factors,artificial management is difficult.Therefore,puts forward a kind of molten iron transport wisdom control system based on 5G technology,which mainly contains the intelligent identification tracking system,equipment status collection information acquisition system,locomotive vehicle terminal system,etc.Combined with the analysis of the actual application situation,the system could integrate all the processes and elements of molten iron produc-tion and transportation,realize the integration of operation and management,and also promote the improvement of the turnover efficiency of molten iron tank,reduce the demand for personnel,and reduce the labor cost.

Research on the Low-carbon-high-value Agriculture Technology in the Comprehensive Improvement of Intra-county Environment Pollution——Taking the Development of Cultivation and Breeding Industry in the Ecological Cyclic Agricultural Garden in Shaoshan Irri

The comprehensive improvement strategy of intra-county environment pollution in the city and countryside was searched.By the research method which combined the microscopic view,the macroscopic view with the dynamic perspective,the seriousness of rural water quality,soil and atmospheric pollution in Xiangxiang,Xiangtan and the surrounding areas in Shaoshan irrigated area was revealed.The control measure which was 'four-dimensional pollution in the city and countryside'—— low-carbon-high-value agriculture and the technology innovation was proposed.The low-carbon-high-value technology innovation industrialization demonstration in three parts which included the pre-production,mid-production and post-production deep-processing of cultivation and breeding industry in the ecological cyclic agricultural garden in Shaoshan irrigated area was the driving force.We tried to propel the low-carbon ecological cultivation and breeding industry which included the paddy rice,grass,tree,medicinal herbs and pig,cow,chick,duck,fish.We wanted to relieve the structural unbalance of previous cultivation and breeding industry,'cheap grain hurting the farmers' and the short-leg problem of social-economic-ecological benefit.The results showed that the low-carbon-high-value agricultural system was a poly-generation technology system which promoted the multi-level and grading utilization,saved the energy,reduced the consumption and cleaned the production based on the ecology.

Research on Regulating and Controlling Homogenization of Entertainment Programs--Based on Game Theory

With the prevailing and popular entertainment programs, it brought huge benefits to TV stations, but at the same time caused a variety problems of homogenization. The paper analyzes the causes of the entertainment programs, the root of homogenization, building game theory models between TV stations, TV station and audience to regulate and control the issue of homogeneity about entertainment programs.

Regulating and Controlling the Rising Prices of Geographical Indication Products in Inflation——taking Geographical Indication Products from Chongqing as an Example

Since July 2010,the prices of geographical indication products have risen with the occurrence of inflation.In contrast with other products,geographical indication products are distinct.The increasing prices of geographical indication goods have their own necessities.From the perspective of the products,they are equipped with appreciation potential due to the cultural pe culiarities.From the historical standpoint,their prices have not been high as well as other agricultural products.Realistically,the increase in their prices results from the costs of labors and raw materials.Therefore,the prices of geographical indication products rise to catch up.Not only are their prices at a reasonable level,but also they are beneficial to increase peasants'income.In con clusion,it is necessary that the strategies which are different from those of other products be adopted to regulate and control the prices of geographical indication products.

Self-Triggered Set Stabilization of Boolean Control Networks and Its Applications

Set stabilization is one of the essential problems in engineering systems, and self-triggered control(STC) can save the storage space for interactive information, and can be successfully applied in networked control systems with limited communication resources. In this study, the set stabilization problem and STC design of Boolean control networks are investigated via the semi-tensor product technique. On the one hand, the largest control invariant subset is calculated in terms of the strongly connected components of the state transition graph, by which a graph-theoretical condition for set stabilization is derived. On the other hand, a characteristic function is exploited to determine the triggering mechanism and feasible controls. Based on this, the minimum-time and minimum-triggering open-loop, state-feedback and output-feedback STCs for set stabilization are designed,respectively. As classic applications of self-triggered set stabilization, self-triggered synchronization, self-triggered output tracking and self-triggered output regulation are discussed as well. Additionally, several practical examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of theoretical results.

Predictive active control of building structures using LQR and artificial intelligence

This study presents a neural network-based model for predicting linear quadratic regulator(LQR)weighting matrices for achieving a target response reduction.Based on the expected weighting matrices,the LQR algorithm is used to determine the various responses of the structure.The responses are determined by numerically analyzing the governing equation of motion using the state-space approach.For training a neural network,four input parameters are considered:the time history of the ground motion,the percentage reduction in lateral displacement,lateral velocity,and lateral acceleration,Output parameters are LQR weighting matrices.To study the effectiveness of an LQR-based neural network(LQRNN),the actual percentage reduction in the responses obtained from using LQRNN is compared with the target percentage reductions.Furthermore,to investigate the efficacy of an active control system using LQRNN,the controlled responses of a system are compared to the corresponding uncontrolled responses.The trained neural network effectively predicts weighting parameters that can provide a percentage reduction in displacement,velocity,and acceleration close to the target percentage reduction.Based on the simulation study,it can be concluded that significant response reductions are observed in the active-controlled system using LQRNN.Moreover,the LQRNN algorithm can replace conventional LQR control with the use of an active control system.

Research on the Prevention and Control Technology of Rape Aphids

[Objective] The aim was to screen economic and environment-friendly pesticides adaptive to aphid-resistant varieties in main rape growing regions of Yunnan Province.[Method] The effects of 6 pesticides against aphids on 22 Brassica campestris materials of the main breeds in Yunnan Province,the new improved varieties in China and the core breeding materials were tested.[Result] Yunyoushuang 1,Huayou 4,Yunhuayou Early-maturing Variety No.1 and A35 showed better aphid-resistance.An optimum pesticide application strategy was to use Diyaling in sowing time,and interchangeably apply nitenpyram and imidacloprid during flowering and pod formation stages.[Conclusion] The present study had provided an important technical support for sustainable development of rape industry.

Effect of sand-fixing vegetation on the hydrological regulation function of sand dunes and its practical significance

Soil water content is a key controlling factor for vegetation restoration in sand dunes.The deep seepage and lateral migration of water in dunes affect the recharge process of deep soil water and groundwater in sand dune ecosystems.To determine the influence of vegetation on the hydrological regulation function of sand dunes,we examined the deep seepage and lateral migration of dune water with different vegetation coverages during the growing season in the Horqin Sandy Land,China.The results showed that the deep seepage and lateral migration of water decreased with the increase in vegetation coverage on the dunes.The accumulated deep seepage water of mobile dunes(vegetation coverage<5%)and dunes with vegetation coverage of 18.03%,27.12%,and 50.65%accounted for 56.53%,51.82%,18.98%,and 0.26%,respectively,of the rainfall in the same period.The accumulated lateral migration of water in these dunes accounted for 12.39%,6.33%,2.23%,and 7.61%of the rainfall in the same period.The direction and position of the dune slope affected the soil water deep seepage and lateral migration process.The amounts of deep seepage and lateral migration of water on the windward slope were lower than those on the leeward slope.The amounts of deep seepage and lateral migration of water showed a decreasing trend from the bottom to the middle and to the top of the dune slope.According to the above results,during the construction of sand-control projects in sandy regions,we suggest that a certain area of mobile dunes(>13.75%)should be retained as a water resource reservoir to maintain the water balance of artificial fixed dune ecosystems.These findings provide reliable evidence for the accurate assessment of water resources within the sand dune ecosystem and guide the construction of desertification control projects.

Application of integrated geophysical techniques in geothermal exploration in Binhai County, Jiangsu Province

Integrated geophysical technology is a necessary and effective means for geothermal exploration.However,integration of geophysical technology for large‐scale surveys with those for geothermal reservoir localization is still in development.This study used the controlled source audio‐frequency magnetotelluric method technology for large‐scale exploration to obtain underground electrical structure information and micromotion detection technology to obtain underground wave velocity structure information.The combination of two detection technologies was used for local identification of geothermal reservoirs.Further,auxiliary correction and inversion constraint were implemented through the audio magnetotelluric sounding technology for maximum authenticity restoration of the near‐and transition‐field data.Through these technology improvements,a geothermal geological model was established for the Binhai County of Jiangsu Province in China and potential geothermal well locations were identified.On this basis,a geothermal well was drilled nearly 3000m deep,with a daily water volume of over 2000m3/day and a geothermal water temperature of 51°C at the well head.It is found that predictions using the above integrated geophysical exploration technology are in good agreement with the well geological formation data.This integrated geophysical technology can be effectively applied for geothermal exploration with high precision and reliability.

Intelligent Sensing and Control of Road Construction Robot Scenes Based on Road Construction

Automatic control technology is the basis of road robot improvement,according to the characteristics of construction equipment and functions,the research will be input type perception from positioning acquisition,real-world monitoring,the process will use RTK-GNSS positional perception technology,by projecting the left side of the earth from Gauss-Krueger projection method,and then carry out the Cartesian conversion based on the characteristics of drawing;steering control system is the core of the electric drive unmanned module,on the basis of the analysis of the composition of the steering system of unmanned engineering vehicles,the steering system key components such as direction,torque sensor,drive motor and other models are established,the joint simulation model of unmanned engineering vehicles is established,the steering controller is designed using the PID method,the simulation results show that the control method can meet the construction path demand for automatic steering.The path planning will first formulate the construction area with preset values and realize the steering angle correction during driving by PID algorithm,and never realize the construction-based path planning,and the results show that the method can control the straight path within the error of 10 cm and the curve error within 20 cm.With the collaboration of various modules,the automatic construction simulation results of this robot show that the design path and control method is effective.

Risk preferences and the low-carbon agricultural technology adoption:Evidence from rice production in China

Climate change which is mainly caused by carbon emissions is a global problem affecting the economic development and well-being of human society.Low-carbon agriculture is of particular significance in slowing down global warming and reaching the goal of“carbon peak and carbon neutrality”.Therefore,taking straw incorporation as an example,this paper aims to investigate the impact of risk preferences on farmers’low-carbon agricultural technology(LCAT)adoption.Based on a two-phase micro-survey data of 1038 rice farmers in Jiangsu,Jiangxi,and Hunan provinces,this paper uses experimental economics methods to measure farmers’risk aversion and loss aversion to obtain the real risk preferences information of the farmers.We also explore the data to examine the actual LCAT adoption behavior of farmers.The results revealed that both risk aversion and loss aversion significantly inhibit farmers’LCAT adoption:more risk-averse or more loss-averse farmers are less likely to adopt LCAT.It is further found that crop insurance,farm scale and governmental regulations can alleviate the negative impact of risk aversion and loss aversion on farmers’LCAT adoption.Therefore,we propose that local governments need to promote low-carbon agricultural development by propagating the benefits of LCAT,extending crop insurance,promoting appropriate scale operations,and strengthening governmental regulations to promote farmers’LCAT adoption.

The influence of CEO’s financial literacy on SMEs technological innovation:the mediating effects of MCS and risk‑taking

Previous literature showed mixed results about the impact of CEOs’financial literacy(CFL)on small and medium-sized enterprises’(SMEs)innovation.This relationship can be motivated by relevant variables,which are missing in the previous literature and make a difference as mediators.In this sense,based on the theoretical framework related to upper echelon theory and resource-based view,this study focuses on the mediating effect of risk-taking attitude and management control systems(MCS)varia-bles.Empirical data from 310 SMEs gathered using a qualitative research questionnaire are analyzed using structural equation modeling methodology.Specifically,estimations are carried out considering the partial least square method.Findings show that MCS and managers’risk attitudes fully mediate the relationship between financial literacy(FL)and innovation.Between these two mediating variables,the implementation of MCS stands out because it also enables the mediating effect of CEOs’risk-taking in the CFL–technological innovation relationship.As the results do not support the significant direct relationship between FL and risk attitude,they confirm an indirect effect through MCS.Furthermore,based on the study findings,SMEs’directors and owners,business associations,and public authorities can improve SMEs’technological innovation by implementing training programs and policies to foster CFL.They can also acknowledge the interdependency between organizational factors and individual characteristics to enhance SMEs’technological innovation.

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in China: Progress and Prospects of Research on Treatment Technologies and Policy Provisions

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are an atmospheric pollutant with a boiling point of 50˚C - 260˚C at room temperature and pressure. They are precursors of sulfur dioxide and ozone, which can seriously pollute the atmosphere and endanger human health. After the “14th Five-Year Plan”, VOCs, instead of SO2, became one of the five indicators of China’s atmospheric governance. As a result, the government’s efforts to control VOCs have increased significantly. VOCs governance mustn’t be delayed. This paper provides a comprehensive summary and analysis of VOCs governance, covering the classification of VOCs, analysis of VOC governance technology (with a focus on end-of-pipe governance technology), national policy regulations, current governance shortcomings, and a forward-looking perspective on the future direction of VOCs governance, emphasizing healthy and sustainable development.

On the Comprehensive Prevention and Control Technology of the Reproductive Organ Disease of Breeding Geese under the Anti-season Breeding Mode

Reproductive organ disease of geese is an endemic and multiple infectious disease in large-scale breeding of breeding geese, especially in anti-season production, which brings a great economic loss to goose production. To make effective prevention and control of reproductive organ disease of breeding geese under the anti-season breeding mode, the characteristics of control principles of infectious diseases of the poultry and the occurrence and prevalence of reproductive organ disease must be combined, so as to carry out scientific prevention and control.At the same time, according to the climate characteristics of summer, the feeding and management of breeding geese and water quality control should also be done well, and many corresponding measures should also be taken, thus obtaining better effect.