Interaction between Soil Moisture and Air Temperature in the Mississippi River Basin

Increasing air temperatures are expected to continue in the future. The relation between soil moisture and near surface air temperature is significant for climate change and climate extremes. Evaluation of the relations between soil moisture and temperature was performed by developing a quantile regression model, a wavelet coherency model, and a Mann-Kendall correlation model from 1950 to 2010 in the Mississippi River Basin. The results indicate that first, anomaly air temperature is negatively correlated to anomaly soil moisture in the upper and lower basin, and however, the correlation between them are mixed in the middle basin. The correlation is stronger at the higher quantile (90th) of the two variables. Second, anomaly soil moisture and air temperature show strong coherency in annual frequency, indicating that the two variables are interannually correlated. Third, annual air temperature is significant negatively related to soil moisture, indicating that dry (wet) soil leads to warm (cool) weather in the basin. These results have potential application to future climate change research and water resource management. Also, the strong relationship between soil moisture and air temperature at annual scale could result in improved temperature predictability.

Understanding the Soil Temperature Variability at Different Depths:Effects of Surface Air Temperature,Snow Cover,and the Soil Memory

The soil temperature(ST)is closely related to the surface air temperature(AT),but their coupling may be affected by other factors.In this study,significant effects of the AT on the underlying ST were found,and the time taken to propagate downward to 320 cm can be up to 10 months.Besides the AT,the ST is also affected by memory effects-namely,its prior thermal conditions.At deeper depth(i.e.,320 cm),the effects of the AT from a particular season may be exceeded by the soil memory effects from the last season.At shallower layers(i.e.,<80 cm),the effects of the AT may be blocked by the snow cover,resulting in a poorly synchronous correlation between the AT and the ST.In northeastern China,this snow cover blockage mainly occurs in winter and then vanishes in the subsequent spring.Due to the thermal insulation effect of the snow cover,the winter ST at layers above 80 cm in northeastern China were found to continue to increase even during the recent global warming hiatus period.These findings may be instructive for better understanding ST variations,as well as land−atmosphere interactions.

Influence of Soil Moisture and Air Temperature on the Stability of Cytoplasmic Male Sterility (CMS) in Maize (Zea mays L.)

Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is a maternally inherited trait that suppresses the production of viable pollen. CMS is a useful biological tool for confinement strategies to facilitate coexistence of genetically modified (GM) and non-GM crops in case where it is required. The trait is reversible and can be restored to fertility in the presence of nuclear restorer genes (Rf genes) and by environmental impacts. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the level of irrigation on the stability of CMS maize hybrids under defined greenhouse conditions. Additionally the combination of irrigation and air temperature was studied. Three CMS maize hybrids were grown with different levels of irrigation and in different temperature regimes. Tassel characteristics, pollen production and fertility were assessed. The CMS stability was high in hot air temperatures and decreased in lower temperatures. The level of irrigation had no major effect on the level of sterility. The extent of these phenomena was depending on the genotype of CMS maize and should be known before using CMS for coexistence purposes.

Soil respiration in a natural forest and a plantation during a dry period in the Philippines

Climate change is forecast to increase the frequency of extreme hot temperatures and dryer days and is anticipated to have profound impacts on the global carbon budget.Droughts are expected to alter soil respiration(R_(s))rates,but the scarcity of data preclude a reliable estimate of this response and its future trajectory.A field experiment using an automated soil respiration machinery(LI-8100A)was conducted in a natural forest and a plantation during a dry period in the Philippines,with the goal of quantifying Rsrates and their relationship with soil temperature and moisture,and air temperature.The natural forest(5.81μmol m^(-2)s^(-1))exhibited significantly higher Rsrates(p<0.0001)compared with the plantation(1.82μmol m^(-2)s^(-1))and control(3.23μmol m^(-2)s^(-1)).Rsrates showed significant negative relationships with air(-0.71)and soil temperatures(-0.62),indicating that as temperatures increase,the R_(s)rates decrease.In contrast,the R_(s)rates exhibited a significant positive relationship with soil moisture(0.65).Although the low R_(s)rates in the plantation and high Rsrates in the natural forest are indicators of sensitivities of these two types of tropical forests to warm,dry soil,this observation is only conclusive during the dry period,but not necessarily during wet periods.Further studies are needed to determine the trend of Rsrates during wet periods,considering different site conditions and types of vegetation.

Soil Nature Effect Investigation on the Ground-to-Air Heat Exchanger for the Passive Cooling of Rooms

The building sector consumes much energy either for cooling or heating and is associated to greenhouse gas emissions. To meet energy and environmental challenges, the use of ground-to-air heat exchangers for preheating and cooling buildings has recently received considerable attention. They provide substantial energy savings and contribute to the improvement of thermal comfort in buildings. For these systems, the ground temperature plays the main role. The present work aims to investigate numerically the influence of the nature of soil on the thermal behavior of the ground-to-air heat exchanger used for building passive cooling. We have taken into account in this work the influence of the soil nature by considering three types of dry soil: clay soil, sandy-clay soil and sandy soil. The mixed convection equations governing the heat transfers in the earth-to-air heat exchanger have been presented and discretized using the finite difference method with an Alternate Direction Implicit (ADI) scheme. The resulting algebraic equations are then solved using the algorithm of Thomas combined with an iterative Gauss-Seidel procedure. The results show that the flow is dominated by forced convection. The examination of the sensitivity of the model to the type of soil shows that the distributions of contours of streamlines, isotherms, isovalues of moisture are less affected by the variations of the nature of soil through the variation of the diffusivity of the soil. However, it is observed that the temperature values obtained for the clay soil are higher while the sandy soil shows lower temperature values. The values of the ground-to-air heat exchanger efficiency are only slightly influenced by the nature of the soil. Nevertheless, we note a slightly better efficiency for the sandy soil than for the sandy-clayey silt and clayey soils. This result shows that a sandy soil would be more suitable for geothermal system installations.

Spatial-temporal variations in near-surface soil freeze-thaw cycles in the source region of the Yellow River during the period 2002–2011 based on the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for the Earth Observing System(AMSR-E) data

Detecting near-surface soil freeze-thaw cycles in high-altitude cold regions is important for understanding the Earth＇s surface system, but such studies are rare. In this study, we detected the spatial-temporal variations in near-surface soil freeze-thaw cycles in the source region of the Yellow River（SRYR） during the period 2002–2011 based on data from the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for the Earth Observing System（AMSR-E）. Moreover, the trends of onset dates and durations of the soil freeze-thaw cycles under different stages were also analyzed. Results showed that the thresholds of daytime and nighttime brightness temperatures of the freeze-thaw algorithm for the SRYR were 257.59 and 261.28 K, respectively. At the spatial scale, the daily frozen surface（DFS） area and the daily surface freeze-thaw cycle surface（DFTS） area decreased by 0.08% and 0.25%, respectively, and the daily thawed surface（DTS） area increased by 0.36%. At the temporal scale, the dates of the onset of thawing and complete thawing advanced by 3.10（±1.4） and 2.46（±1.4） days, respectively; and the dates of the onset of freezing and complete freezing were delayed by 0.9（±1.4） and 1.6（±1.1） days, respectively. The duration of thawing increased by 0.72（±0.21） day/a and the duration of freezing decreased by 0.52（±0.26） day/a. In conclusion, increases in the annual minimum temperature and winter air temperature are the main factors for the advanced thawing and delayed freezing and for the increase in the duration of thawing and the decrease in the duration of freezing in the SRYR.

Permafrost warming along the Mo'he-Jiagedaqi section of the China-Russia crude oil pipeline

The permafrost along the China-Russia Crude Oil Pipeline(CRCOP) is degrading since the pipeline operation in 2011. Heat dissipated from the pipeline, climate warming and anthropogenic activities leads to permafrost warming. The processes of permafrost warming along the CRCOP were studied based on the monitoring of air and soil temperatures, and electrical resistivity tomography(ERT) surveys. Results show that:(1) the mean annual air temperature(MAAT) in permafrost regions along the CRCOP increased with a rate of 0.21°C/10a–0.40°C/10 a during the past five decades;(2) the mean annual ground temperature(MAGT, at-15 m depth) of undisturbed permafrost increased by 0.2°C and the natural permafrost table remained unchanged due to the zero-curtain effect;(3) permafrost surrounding the uninsulated pipeline right-of-way warmed significantly compared with that in a natural site. During 2012–2017, the MAGT and the artificial permafrost table, 2 m away from the pipeline centerline, increased at rates of 0.063°C/a and 1.0 m/a. The thaw bulb developed around the pipe and exhibits a faster lateral expansion;(4) 80-mm-thick insulation could reduce the heat exchange between the pipeline and underlying permafrost and then keep the permafrost and pipe stable. The MAGT and the artificial permafrost table, 4.8 m away from the center line of the pipeline, increased by 0.3°C/a and 0.43 m/a, respectively. Due to the heat disturbance caused by warm oil, the degradation of wetland, controlled burn each autumn and climate warming, the permafrost extent reduced and warmed significantly along the CRCOP route. Field observations provide basic data to clarify the interactions between CRCOP and permafrost degradation and environmental effects in the context of climate change.

Different environmental factors drive tree species diversity along elevation gradients in three climatic zones in Yunnan,southern China

Elevational patterns of tree diversity are well studied worldwide.However,few studies have examined how seedlings respond to elevational gradients and whether their responses vary across climatic zones.In this study,we established three elevational transects in tropical,subtropical and subalpine mountain forests in Yunnan Province,southern China,to examine the responses of tree species and their seedlings to elevational gradients.Within each transect,we calculated species diversity indices and composition of both adult trees and seedlings at different elevations.For both adult trees and seedlings,we found that species diversity decreased with increasing elevation in both tropical and subalpine transects.Species composition showed significant elevational separation within all three transects.Many species had specific elevational preferences,but abundant tree species that occurred at specific elevations tended to have very limited recruitment in the understory.Our results highlight that the major factors that determine elevational distributions of tree species vary across climatic zones.Specifically,we found that the contribution of air temperature to tree species composition increased from tropical to subalpine transects,whereas the contribution of soil moisture decreased across these transects.

地铁车站月平均气温随运营年限演化特性

建立了地铁车站空气热平衡理论模型,基于区间隧道空气温度和车站围岩土体蓄放热量,得到车站月平均气温在运营初期、中期和远期的逐年演化特性。研究结果表明:随着地铁车站运营年限的增长,月平均气温呈现逐年上升趋势,运营第15年较第1年,车站月平均气温在1月温升最低为3.1℃,8月温升最高为10.6℃;在现有地铁行车密度随运营年限增大的运行模式下,地铁车站运营初期行车密度仅为15对/h,夏季车站最高气温出现在第5年,为26.4℃,远低于夏季站厅站台空调设计温度平均值29℃,所以运营初期车站空调系统提供的冷量远大于车站的冷负荷需求,初期车站空调系统存在一定的节能空间。

Shortened duration and reduced area of frozen soil in the Northern Hemisphere

The changes in near-surface soil freeze-thaw cycles(FTCs)are crucial to understanding the related hydrological and biological processes in terrestrial ecosystems under a changing climate.However,long-term dynamics of soil FTCs at the hemisphere scale and the underlying mechanisms are not well understood.In this study,the spatiotemporal patterns and main driving factors of soil FTCs across the Northern Hemisphere(NH)during 1979–2017 were analyzed using multisource data fusion and attribution approaches.Our results showed that the duration and the annual mean area of frozen soil in the NH decreased significantly at rates of 0.13±0.04 days/year and 4.93104 km^(2)/year,respectively,over the past 40 years.These were mainly because the date of frozen soil onset was significantly delayed by 0.1±0.02 days/year,while the end of freezing and onset of thawing were substantially advanced by 0.21±0.02 and 0.15±0.03 days/year,respectively.Moreover,the interannual FTC changes were more drastic in Eurasia than in North America,especially at mid-latitudes(30
–45
N)and in Arctic regions(>75
N).More importantly,our results highlighted that near-surface air temperature(Ta)and snowpack are the main driving factors of the spatiotemporal variations in soil FTCs.Furthermore,our results suggested that the long-term dynamics of soil FTCs at the hemisphere scale should be considered in terrestrial biosphere models to reduce uncertainties in future simulations.

猕猴桃树干液流特征及其对环境因子的响应

【目的】探明环境因子对猕猴桃树液流特征的影响,为科学制定猕猴桃树灌溉方案提供依据。【方法】以2023年生长季(4—9月)的6年生猕猴桃树为试材,采用热扩散法对猕猴桃植株液流进行1个生长季的连续测量,结合气象及土壤数据分析环境因素(气温、降水、辐射、蒸汽压亏缺、土壤湿度和温度等)与猕猴桃植株液流的关系。【结果】生长季猕猴桃树干平均液流速率为43.607~355.775 g/h,液流日累积量7月>6月>8月>9月>5月>4月。不同月份猕猴桃树液流特征存在相似性,0:00—24:00呈低-高-低变化趋势。不同天气条件下小时尺度果树液流速率规律相同,但树干液流速率峰值存在差异,表现为晴天>阴天>雨天,且晴天、阴天和雨天条件下树干液流速率与太阳净辐射强度(Rn)、水汽压亏缺(VPD)、20 cm土壤温度(T)均呈正相关关系,与空气相对湿度(H)均呈负相关关系。晴天、阴天、雨天树干液流速率与4个环境因子的多元回归拟合方程分别为F=4894.222+8.078e^(-5)Rn+284.579VPD-256.581T+10.019H(R^(2)=0.866)、F=-5220.102+3.410e^(-5)Rn+288.798VPD+181.098T+9.861H(R^(2)=0.855)、F=-2345.668+9.976e^(-6)Rn-4.915VPD+103.162T-0.482H(R^(2)=0.568)。【结论】猕猴桃树耗水量在不同月份、不同天气条件下存在明显差异,7月、8月晴天猕猴桃树干日蒸腾量最大,可适当蓄水、增加灌溉。

双膜日光温室土壤-空气换热器土壤温度试验研究

为了解双膜日光温室土壤-空气换热器对周围土壤及根系的影响,对兰州市一个新建双膜日光温室和单膜普通温室进行测试对比。结果表明:阴天时,土壤温度受换热器影响较大;晴天时,土壤温度受太阳辐射影响较大。双膜日光温室的浅层土壤温度高于单膜普通温室,单膜普通温室土壤表面温度的波动幅度明显强于双膜日光温室。双膜日光温室能有效提高土壤温度,并且双膜温室的室内热环境稳定性强于单膜温室。

西藏原始墨脱冷杉林微气候特征

受印度洋暖湿气流的影响,墨脱高海拔地带分布了大量的以墨脱冷杉(Abies delavayi var.motuoensis)为主的原始湿润森林,开展森林微气候研究能够为高寒生态脆弱区的植被保护和生态建设提供理论依据。文章基于2020年墨脱喜荣沟(海拔2700 m)原始冷杉林林内外的微气候监测数据,对比分析了林内与林外温度、湿度及不同深度土壤温度的季节变化特征,探讨了植物的生长季长度及生长季期间的低温事件发生情况。结果表明:(1)气温日变化特征显示,林内日间气温比林外低0.2∼2.7℃,森林表现出降温作用;除夏季外,其他季节林内夜间气温比林外均高0.2∼1.2℃,森林表现出保温作用;从季节变化看,林内外气温最高值出现在8月,最低值在1月,但林内气温较林外更加稳定;(2)该区域相对湿度较高(>80%),且在不同季节均表现为林内>林外;(3)除冬季外,土壤温度日变化总体呈现与气温类似的日动态,但土壤温度明显滞后约2∼3 h,林内土壤温度总体低于林外;春夏两季不同深度的土壤温度表现为5cm>10cm>20cm,而秋冬两季越靠近地表土壤温度则越低;(4)基于气温定义的生长季长度为208天,明显低于基于土壤温度定义的生长季长度(256∼268天);(5)2020年,冷杉林内低温事件发生的频率、强度及持续时间分别为1 d、-0.03℃和1 h,分别比林外少(低)了6 d、0.86℃和7 h。上述研究表明,原始墨脱冷杉林具有明显的保温和缓冲低温事件影响的作用,因此在未来亚高山天然林的保护和管理中应加强对森林微气候的观测和研究,不断提升天然林对气候变化的潜在应对能力。

空气-土壤蓄热式热泵系统的实测与模拟研究

为解决寒冷地区单供暖土壤源热泵系统运行引起的土壤热失衡问题,在邯郸某小区土壤源热泵系统的基础上,增设空气换热机组,构成空气-土壤蓄热式热泵系统。利用实测数据对蓄热季典型工况下地埋管进出口水温、蓄热量进行分析,结果显示室外气温较高时,地埋管进口水温和蓄热量较高,有利于地埋管蓄热。利用Trnsys软件建立系统仿真模型,分析不同因素对土壤温升的影响,模拟结果表明:适当增大空气换热器换热面积、空气流量均可提高土壤温升值,但温升趋势逐渐趋于平缓。当空气换热器传热系数为40.0 W/(m^(2)·K),土壤目标温升为3.0℃时,依据土壤温升的拟合曲线得到2个方案:方案1,空气流量150×10^(3)m^(3)/h,空气换热器面积9 494.4 m^(2);方案2,空气换热器面积13 494.4 m^(2),空气流量105×10^(3)m^(3)/h。方案1和方案2每延米地埋管分别需要对应匹配0.086 m^(2)和0.123 m^(2)的空气换热器面积。空气-土壤蓄热式热泵系统连续运行10 a后,方案1和方案2的土壤温度分别下降0.23℃和0.21℃,2个方案单位供暖面积费用分别为13.85元和12.67元,方案2优于方案1。

内蒙古大兴安岭不同下垫面浅层地温的变化特征及其对气温的响应

基于鄂温克自治旗站和图里河站2005—2022年的实测地温和气温资料,采用线性倾向估计、Mann-Kendall检验等方法,系统分析该地区地温的时间演变规律及对气温变化的响应。结果表明:草原区和林区的各年平均气温均低于同时期的各层地温。草原区和林区的地温均随土层的加深而降低。林区年浅层地温气候倾向率大于草原区的年浅层地温气候倾向率。草原区春季气温变化对其年气温变化有显著影响;林区春、冬两季的0~20 cm浅层地温变化对年浅层地温变化有较大贡献;春、夏两季,草原区和林区浅层地温变化均与气温变化有较强的相关性。冬季,两站浅层地温变化对气温变化均不敏感,这可能是由于地表受到不同程度积雪覆盖的影响。草原区年平均浅层地温变化与气温变化的相关关系不明显,林区0~20 cm年浅层地温变化与气温变化呈较强的相关性。

石家庄城市热岛效应:从冠层、表层到土壤深层

利用石家庄城市气象站和附近2个乡村站2009~2012年的逐日地面气温、0~320 cm土壤温度资料,对比分析了石家庄站从冠层、表层到土壤深层的城市热岛(Urban Heat Island,UHI)效应及其差异,结果表明:1)2009~2012年年平均气温UHI强度为0.9℃,0~320 cm土壤温度UHI强度在-0.5~0.2℃之间,气温UHI强度明显强于土壤温度UHI。表层(0 cm)和浅层(5~40 cm)土壤温度基本表现为“热岛效应”,但深层(80~320 cm)土壤温度表现为“冷岛效应”,40~80 cm是二者的转换层位;深层土壤温度可能受局地气候影响呈现出局地性特点。2)春季、夏季、秋季、冬季气温UHI强度分别为1.1℃、0.6℃、0.7℃和1.3℃,夏季最弱,冬季最强。春季和夏季表层和40 cm以上土壤温度表现为热岛,80 cm以下表现为冷岛;秋季不同深度土壤温度均表现为冷岛,320 cm深度冷岛强度最强;冬季表层和80 cm以上土壤温度主要表现为热岛,320 cm深度表现为冷岛;土壤表层热岛强度季节性变化,与气温的基本一致,其物理机制相似。3)各月气温UHI强度在0.5~1.6℃之间,1月最强,7月和10月最弱。表层和40 cm以上土壤温度一般在1~7月和12月表现为热岛,UHI强度多为6月最强,8~11月表现为冷岛;80 cm以下土壤温度多数月份表现为冷岛。4)年和四季平均气温UHI强度具有明显的日变化特征,年和四季表层土壤温度UHI强度也有较为明显的日变化特征,但随土壤深度加大,土壤温度UHI强度的日变化逐渐减弱,并最终转化为冷岛效应。

地铁车站围岩土体蓄放热特性实测研究

针对地铁车站围岩土体蓄放热量问题,以运行5年的上海地铁12号线某车站为研究对象,对该车站室外空气温度、车站内空气温度及站厅壁面热流密度进行了为期1年的实测,分析了地铁车站围岩土体的蓄放热特性及在维持车站空气温度稳定性方面的积极作用。测试结果表明:地铁车站围岩土体在过渡季与夏季以吸热为主,冬季以放热为主;全年蓄放热量净值为-5743 MJ,吸热量为36069 MJ,放热量为30326 MJ;围岩土体通过蓄放热有效抑制了室外空气温度波动对车站内空气温度的影响。

气候变化对新疆膜下滴灌花生适宜播期的影响

为探索气候变化条件下新疆不同区域膜下滴灌花生适宜播期,该研究利用北疆和南疆试验区实测地温数据与同期平均气温数据确定了花生播种前日平均地温与日平均气温之间的关系,并基于新疆51个气象站点1951—2020年气象资料,分析了气候变化条件下新疆不同产区膜下滴灌花生播期的变化规律。结果表明:播种前农田表层土壤温度与日平均气温呈较强的线性相关性,当春季连续5 d日平均气温维持在14.00和16.10℃时,同期表层土壤温度维持在12和15℃;播前连续5 d表层土壤温度维持在12℃时播种,东疆、南疆和北疆花生产区播期日序数多年平均值分别为106.94、108.53和121.09;播前连续5 d表层土壤温度维持在15℃时播种,东疆、南疆和北疆花生产区播期日序数多年平均值分别为114.39、117.02和128.58;近70年新疆绿洲花生适播期平均日气温呈上升趋势,东疆、南疆和北疆地区花生适播期分别提前了1.44~1.75、1.13~1.43和1.05~1.88 d/10a;根据播前农田耕层土壤地温与播后根区土壤地温的变化规律,新疆膜下滴灌花生适宜播期,东疆花生产区比南疆早2 d左右,南疆比北疆早12 d左右,目前,北疆花生产区适宜的播期为4月底至5月上旬。研究结果可为新疆绿洲不同花生产区适宜播种日期的选择提供技术支持。

欧洲东部土壤湿度对东北亚初夏气温异常转折的影响及其可能物理过程

采用1979—2020年观测和再分析资料,研究了年际时间尺度上初夏(5—6月)东北亚气温异常月际转折的基本特征,以及欧洲东部土壤湿度异常对其的影响及可能物理过程。结果表明,年际时间尺度上东北亚初夏气温异常月际演变的主导模态为转折模态,即5月偏暖(冷)则6月偏冷(暖);转折模态的形成直接源于东北亚地区环流异常的转折。进一步分析发现,5月欧洲东部土壤湿度偏低往往导致东北亚5月偏暖而6月偏冷,可能的物理过程如下:5月土壤湿度偏低导致局地土壤温度和对流层低层增温,进而造成地中海地区(欧洲北部)对流层低层经向温度梯度和大气斜压性减弱(增强),相应地高频瞬变波活动减弱(增强),并通过瞬变涡度强迫有利于欧洲中东部形成异常高压和Rossby波波源;相关的Rossby波沿极锋急流东传,导致东北亚为准正压的异常高压,地表升温。土壤湿度异常可持续到6月,但强度减弱;类似地,其可通过瞬变涡度强迫有利于异常高压和Rossby波波源的形成,但中心西移至欧洲西部;相关Rossby波活动导致东北亚为准正压的异常低压,地表降温。5月和6月欧洲东部土壤湿度异常相关的Rossby波的活动特征(波源、活动中心和传播路径)存在明显差异,这与两个月欧亚北部大气平均态的差异密切相关。当5月欧洲东部土壤湿度偏高时,上述物理过程则大致相反。

弥雾时长对骏枣冠层环境调控及枣果生长的影响

为了探究夏季高温热风天气下,弥雾对枣园冠层环境调控以及对枣果生长的影响。以骏枣为研究对象,于枣树花期开始,果实膨大期前结束弥雾灌,共设置3个弥雾灌时长处理,每天3次,每次20 min(T1)、40 min(T2)、60 min(T3)以及只进行间接地下滴灌的对照组CK。结果表明:①T1、T2、T3冠层弥雾期间平均空气温度较CK显著下降3.01%、4.12%、11.05%,平均空气相对湿度T2、T3较CK增幅显著,达到12.49%、27.51%。②弥雾可以有效抑制棵间土壤蒸发,T1、T2、T3处理日平均土壤蒸发量相较于CK分别减少1.38%~17.78%、1.11%~19.47%、6.63%~48.11%。③弥雾灌可有利于叶绿素的合成,T1、T2、T3处理叶绿素含量(SPAD值)相较于CK分别提升16.9%、26.2%和30.9%。④T1和T2处理果实膨大速率相较于CK,纵、横膨大速率分别提升6.6%、9%和15.23%、15.9%。但T3处理纵、横膨大速率较CK分别下降了11.27%和2.8%。T2处理单果质量最高。T1处理产量最高,较T2、CK提升6.5%、47.57%。因此弥雾有利于降温增湿、减少土壤蒸发以及提高叶绿素合成,T2处理更有利于枣果的发育,而T1处理更有利于产量提升。