Empirical Research on Tourism Authenticity of Ancient Cultural City——A Case Study of Lijiang Ancient City in China

On the basis of tourism authenticity theory and field investigation and analysis of Lijiang ancient city, the paper had explored tourists' tourism authenticity, and further revealed the inner relation between tourism authenticity and tourism motivation of ancient cultural cities. It was found that ancient cultural cities generally had the highest objective authenticity, followed by existential, constructive and post-modern authenticity. As for tourism motivation, motivation of knowledge function, of reward maximization, of punishment minimization, of self-esteem and of self-fulfillment presented to diminish progressively. Relationships between four types of tourism authenticity and five types of tourism motivations also varied from each other. It had enriched empirical quantitative research results of domestic tourism authenticity in theory, and provided application value for the research on realistic tourism market and planning activity based on tourists in practice.

On the Combination of “The Textual Research on Historical Documents” and “The Comparative Study of Historical Data” —— and a Discussion on “The Law of Quan-ma and Gui-mei” in Chinese Language Studies

In Chinese language studies, both “The Textual Research on Historical Documents” and “The Comparative Study of Historical Data” are traditional in methodology and they both deserve being treasured, passed on, and further developed. It will certainly do harm to the development of academic research if any of the two methods is given unreasonable priority. The author claims that the best or one of the best methodologies of the historical study of Chinese language is the combination of the two, hence a new interpretation of “The Double-proof Method”. Meanwhile, this essay is also an attempt to put forward “The Law of Quan-ma and Gui-mei” in Chinese language studies, in which the author believes that it is not advisable to either treat Gui-mei as Quan-ma or vice versa in linguistic research. It is crucial for us to respect always the language facts first, which is considered the very soul of linguistics.

Textual Research on the Historical Data of the 1573 AD Minxian Earthquake in Gansu Province and Discussion on Its Seismogenic Structure

According to the detailed study of the historical earthquake records and causative structure of the Minxian M6 1/2 earthquake in 1573 A.D., we have found that the most grievous disaster area lies nearby the Minxian county seat （Minzhou county at that time ）. So, we have identified the extremely seismic area of the 1573 A.D. The Minxian M6 1/2 earthquake was located in Minxian city, the intensity of the meizoseismal region is Ⅷ - Ⅳ, the epicenter is 34.4°N, 104.0°E, the location precision is Ⅱ and the deviation of location is less than or equal to 25km. Tectonically, this area lies in the transition region of stress transfer and structural transform between the east Kunlun fault and the northern margin of the west Qiuling fault. The differential activity of the Lintan-Dangchang fault zone is obvious, and only parts of the segment put up Holocene activity. There are landslides and rock bursts of different sizes in the meizoseismal region. By integrated analysis, we conclude that the Minxian-Dangchang segment of the Lintan-Dangchang fault is the seismogenic structure of the 1573 A.D. M6 1/2 Minxian earthquake, in Gansu Province.

回望“真实性”(authenticity)(上)——一个旅游研究的热点

麦坎内尔(MacCannell)掀起的"真实性"研究热已逾30年,其间,研究视角逐渐从"客观"转向"主观"。这既反映出真实性内涵的延展与变迁,亦凸显旅游主体—游客体验的重要性。然而,就研究者日渐褊狭的视域来看,旅游客体真实性对旅游体验真实性的影响从松散到几近断裂,旅游主体甚至以"悦纳万物"的信仰姿态视一切"存在"为真,从而收获真实的体验。客观真实与主观真实,究竟是谁决定或影响了谁?对此问题的探寻导致学界对旅游客体之"虚假"的重新界定和对旅游体验之"真实"的再度好奇,并因此形成旅游真实性研究的纷争局面。有鉴于此,对国内外真实性研究做一番缘起、视角、界定等方面的梳理和反思,或将对国内相关研究与应用有所裨益。

回望“真实性”(authenticity)(下)——一个旅游研究的热点

麦坎内尔掀起的"真实性"研究热已逾30年,其间,研究视角逐渐从"客观"转向"主观",这既反映出真实性内涵的延展与变迁,亦凸显旅游主体—游客体验的重要性。然而,就研究者日渐褊狭的视域来看,旅游客体真实性对旅游体验真实性的影响从松散到几近断裂,旅游主体甚至以"悦纳万物"的信仰姿态视一切"存在"为真,从而收获真实的体验。客观真实与主观真实,究竟是谁决定或影响了谁?对此问题的探寻导致学界对旅游客体之"虚假"的重新界定和对旅游体验之"真实"的再度好奇,并因此形成旅游真实性研究的纷争局面。有鉴于此,对国外真实性研究做一番缘起、视角、界定等方面的梳理和反思,或将对国内相关研究与应用有所裨益。

A novel mutual authentication and key agreement protocol based on NTRU cryptography for wireless communications

In this paper, the authors present a novel mutual authentication and key agreement protocol based on the Number Theory Research Unit (NTRU) public key cryptography. The symmetric encryption, hash and “challenge-response” techniques were adopted to build their protocol. To implement the mutual authentication and session key agreement, the proposed protocol contains two stages: namely initial procedure and real execution stage. Since the lightweight NTRU public key cryptography is employed, their protocol can not only overcome the security flaws of secret-key based authentication protocols such as those used in Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) and Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), but also provide greater security and lower computational complexity in comparison with currently well-known public key based wireless authentication schemes such as Beller-Yacobi and M.Aydos protocols.

Textual research of Wudu earthquake in 186 B.C. in Gansu Province, China and discussion on its causative structure

On the basis of the textual research on the historical earthquake data and the field investigation of Wudu earthquake occurred in 186 B.C., we suggest that the earthquake parameters drawn from the present earthquake catalogs are not definite and amendments should be made. The heavily-damaged area of this earthquake should be located between Jugan township of Wudu County and Pingding township of Zhouqu County. Its epicenter should be in the vicinity of Lianghekou in Wudu County with a magnitude of about 7-7 1/4 and an intensity of about IX-X. The major axis direction of the heavily-damaged area should be in the WNW direction that is approximately consistent with the strike of the middle-east segment of Diebu-Bailongjiang active fault zone, and the origin time should match up to that of the latest paleoearthquake event [before （83±46） B.C.] obtained by the trench investigation. Certain seismic rupture evidences are still preserved on this fault segment. Therefore, we propose on the basis of comprehensive analysis that the causative structure of the M 7-7 1/4 Wudu earthquake in 186 B.C. should be in the middle-east segment of Diebu-Bailongjiang active fault zone.

A Textual Research on Materia Medica of Origin of Orthonym and Synonym of Cuscutae Semen

A textual research on materia medica of origin of orthonym and synonym of Cuscutae Semen and synonym of Nu Luo was conducted in this study,and the trade name,regional synonym and nickname of Cuscutae Semen were reviewed.The records of orthonym and synonym of Cuscutae Semen in the past dynasties,and the first published literature and writing date of orthodox and synonym were summarized.The textual research showed that Nu Luo and Cuscutae Semen were not the same plant,which had positive significance for the identification of the origin and modern application of Cuscutae Semen.

Herbal Textual Research of Inulae Flos in Chinese Classic Prescription

The herbal textual research of Inulae Flos was carried out from the aspects of name,origin,habit and distribution,nature and flavor,meridian,efficacy and indications by referring to ancient Chinese herbal books and different editions of Pharmacopoeia of People’s Republic of China.After textual research,Inulae Flos has been named as"Inulae Flos"since Shennong Bencaojing(Shennong’s Herbal Classic).Its original plant is Inula japonica Thunb.or I.britannica L.,which is easy to multiply and widely distributed.Inulae Flos is used medically with clean and dry capitulum,and there is also honey-burning method.The description of Inulae Flos in Pharmacopoeia of People’s Republic of China,such as nature and flavor,meridian,efficacy and indications,is generally consistent with the records in traditional herbal books.

Historical Evolution of Traditional Medicine in Japan

Traditional Japanese Medicine originated from traditional Chinese medicine and was first introduced to Japan directly from the mainland of China or the Korean Peninsula.After its dissemination,integration,adaption,and development in Japan for generations,it had evolved into Kampo medicine with Japanese characteristics and taken a leading role in Japanese medical practice.In history,there appeared successively schools such as Followers of Later Developments in Medicine,Followers of Classic Methods,Integrated School,and School of Textual Research.Alter Meiji Restoration,Kampo medicine experienced a tremendous impact by western medicine.However after World War II,with unremitting endeavors from learned scholars,traditional Japanese medicinje was revived again.

《神农本草经》杜若考

杜若入药最早记载于《神农本草经》,一名杜衡。古时较长时间人们均认为杜若是姜科类植物,现今植物分类学家定为鸭跖草科植物,但几乎不作药用。通过对《神农本草经》中杜若的药名含义、植物形态、功效、资源利用等多角度进行查考分析,发现最早使用的杜若很有可能是中药杜衡,来源马兜铃科细辛属植物杜衡Asarum forbesii Maxim.与小叶马蹄香A.ichangense C. Y. Cheng et C. S. Yang。

道地药材云木香GAP研究与规范化种植基地建设实践与展望

云木香原产印度,20世纪30年代初在云南丽江引进种植,并逐渐推广扩展至全省多地,1959年首次出口,誉为“云木香”,为云南省重要道地药材之一,药用历史悠久。为规范云南道地药材云木香的栽培措施,以保证其产品质量,参照国家药品监督管理局颁布实施的《中药材生产质量管理规范》相关要求,综述云木香的道地沿革与种植历史、规范化种植技术研究、传统初加工方法的继承与创新、标准化生产质量管理体系的建立以及规范化种植试验示范基地建设5个方面的研究,以期为云南西北高寒山区该道地药材品种产业化生产提供科学依据。

《清人诗文集总目提要》订补——以吴本泰等八位嘉兴作家为中心

就《清人诗文集总目提要》及《清人别集总目》两书,对其中吴本泰、袁国梓、葛定辰、葛定远、屠焯、屠逵、蒋楷和富遇恩八位浙江嘉兴地区作家的生卒年等有关问题予以订补,供编撰者及其他相关读者参考。

关苍术的化学成分及药理作用研究进展

关苍术为菊科苍术属多年生草本植物关苍术的干燥根茎,为东北地区的道地药材,具有多种药理活性。本文对关苍术化学成分和药理作用进行了系统的归纳和总结,发现其主要含有萜类、烯炔类、芳香类、糖苷类、烃类、醇类、醛酮类、酯类和多糖类等化学成分;具有抗炎、抗过敏、抗心肌缺血、抗心律失常、抗溃疡、抗菌、抗病毒、降血糖、利水、抗癌和解毒利胆等药理作用。

基于本草考证的水蛭功能主治及用法用量探究

基于本草考证,水蛭功能主要为破血逐瘀和活血通络;用药形式以水煎剂和研末为主;现代水煎剂用量2~20 g,研末用量1~10 g,古今均超出药典规定剂量,剂量选择与临床用药目的、用药形式相关,破血逐瘀之功用量常高于活血通络之功用量,水煎剂用量高于粉剂。水蛭的临床剂量具有一定的研究价值,《中华人民共和国药典》规定剂量有一定的局限性,临床应用应因人、因证、因时制宜给予最佳剂量。

滇龙胆的本草考证

目的:研究历代典籍对滇龙胆的文献记载,对滇龙胆进行本草考证,以期为滇龙胆的开发利用提供参考。方法:通过查阅历代本草典籍,结合现代研究文献,对滇龙胆的名称、基原、产地变迁、采收加工以及品质评价进行系统的梳理、考证。结果:经考证,滇龙胆始载于《滇南本草》,别名坚龙胆、龙胆草、苦草等,为龙胆科龙胆属植物,基原植物为滇龙胆,是《中华人民共和国药典》龙胆药材的基原植物之一;主产于云南,临沧是其道地产区;滇龙胆一般于秋冬两季采收;加工多以产地初加工为主,即将滇龙胆清洗后阴干或晒干;历代本草典籍中对其质量评价的记载非常少,以“形如枯骨”“根肥长”“脂润”“味苦”“粘牙”作为质量好坏的评价标准,现代主要以龙胆苦苷含量作为龙胆药材质量评价的主要手段之一,辅助以外观性状等的观测。结论:考证结果将为今后滇龙胆的开发利用提供参考。

《金匮要略》“支饮”病名含义考释

支饮病是《金匮要略》的重要组成部分。但对于其疾病命名含义,长期以来充满争议。后世医家或从医理角度、或从临床实践角度,对这一疾病命名含义作出训释,而基于文字学角度进行探讨者却较为罕见。通过对“支”字形字义之考证,同时结合对张仲景原文记载之分析,“支饮”之“支”当为“支撑”之义,“支饮”病名含义为“支撑于胸膈之水饮”。支撑于胸膈间之支饮,与位于人体腹部之痰饮、四肢之溢饮、胸胁之悬饮,涵盖了人体之大部,与“水在心”“水在肺”等“水在五脏”条文互为羽翼,从不同角度构建了仲景痰饮证治理论体系。

丁玲小说《在医院中》的历史考证

小说《在医院中》是丁玲中期创作的代表作,同时也是令她在政治上饱受磨难的一部作品。她一生中很少就这篇作品发表意见,甚至可以说是三缄其口、讳莫如深。究竟是什么原因,让她对小说《在医院中》如此敏感呢?通过对作品中的“XX医院”“人物事件”“创作动因”以及延安文艺整风与丁玲之间的关系等四个方面的详细考证,可以深入探讨丁玲在1940年的情绪低沉、思想困顿、情感纠葛和自我救赎。通过对相关史料文献的重新梳理,可以揭开丁玲创作《在医院中》的历史之谜。

《语海》收录源自《庄子》的成语考论

《语海》收录成语、谚语、惯用语、歇后语等各类汉语语汇共86000余条,是一部综合性大型语文工具书,截然不同于以往分类收录汉语成语、谚语、惯用语、歇后语的专科词典。《庄子》是先秦道家哲学和诸子散文的代表性著作,其思想博大精深,非常富有哲理性,其语言生动精彩,非常富有表现力,因此后世有1259条成语源自《庄子》,在先秦诸子著作中可谓首屈一指。《语海》收录了619条源自《庄子》的成语,在主条、副条设置,原文引用、注音、训释,书证列举等方面有其优点和特色,但是也还存在一些不足之处和需要进一步讨论的地方。对《语海》收录源自《庄子》的成语进行统计、分类和考论,可以由小及大,由点到面,探讨语文综合类工具书编纂需要关注和解决的训诂学、语汇学的理论与实践问题。

清代南部档案俗语词考证四则

清代南部县衙档案多由人工手写,其中俗语词颇多,出现的“该欠”“估撇”“滚刀皮”“站房”四个俗语词,意思费解或容易误解。根据语境和传世文献,可知“该欠”即“欠、拖欠”,“估撇”即“强迫诈骗”,“滚刀皮”即“地痞、无赖、流氓”,“站房”即“旅馆、酒店”。