Without thought的“无意识”误区——深泽直人(Naoto Fukasawa,1956~)设计观念的思想基础及其开展路径阐析

日本设计师深泽直人提出的without thought本意为“无需思考”,在国内被翻译为“无意识设计”并广为传播,这在一定程度上导致我国学者过分强调该理念中的“无意识”内容而忽视其思想基础,还同时造成一些学者对该设计理念开展路径的误解。深泽直人设计观念的思想基础可以在生态心理学和禅学中找到来源,从个体意义到普遍价值,without thought中的无意识内涵则可从“行为—意义—价值”三个层面来理解。生态心理学和禅学皆有超越“二元”的思想特征,在认识方法上皆反对将他者对象化和主题化,与此呼应,深泽直人认为设计是一种直觉行为,并明确表明自己不用“分析—推理”的方式开展设计工作,概而言之,其接触“无意识”的设计路径旨在让设计者回到由感性直观构成的“生活世界”中,并以“具身性”的方式实现对他者的理解,通过这种“生命体验”扩展自我的边界,进而创造出具有“共感”的作品。

A Survey of Human-centered Intelligent Robots:Issues and Challenges

Intelligent techniques foster the dissemination of new discoveries and novel technologies that advance the ability of robots to assist and support humans. The human-centered intelligent robot has become an important research field that spans all of the robot capabilities including navigation, intelligent control, pattern recognition and human-robot interaction. This paper focuses on the recent achievements and presents a survey of existing works on human-centered robots. Furthermore, we provide a comprehensive survey of the recent development of the human-centered intelligent robot and discuss the issues and challenges in the field.

Guest Editorial for Special Issue on Human-centered Intelligent Robots:Issues and Challenges

The special issue aims to address a broad spectrum of topics ranging from human-centered intelligent robots acting as a servant,secretary,or companion to intelligent robotic functions.The special issue publishes original papers of innovative ideas and concepts,new discoveries,and novel applications and business models relevant to the field of human-centered intelligent robots.In this special issue,modeling,intelligent control,

Human-centered Design for Green Landscape of Urban Streets

This paper first introduces the development process of urban street green landscape in China and the human-centered thinking of the design of urban street green landscape.On the basis of detailed elaboration of the basic theories of urban street green landscape,it analyzes the existing problems and causes for urban street green landscape.Then,from the perspective of human-centered thought,it comes up with several measures for optimizing the green landscape design of urban streets,to provide much more human-centered experience of urban street green landscape.

Research on the Coordinated Development of Rural Revitalization and Human-centered Urbanization Based on Urban-rural Integration

Although there are certain differences in the center of gravity between rural revitalization and human-centered urbanization,their connotations and goals require that both must be promoted in concert.Therefore,based on a deep understanding of the connotation of rural revitalization and human-centered urbanization,it is necessary to clarify the goals of the two through the two-way flow of elements between urban and rural areas,the urban-rural linkage of industries,to achieve coordinated promotion of rural revitalization and human-centered urbanization in China.

Human-centered design of Stubble-Mulch Rotocultivator for Boat Tractor

With the development of mechanization popularity in rural area, agricultural machinery product not only needs to meet the production goals, and also requires the simple operation and human-centered. Human-centered design is always, on the basis of the user＇ s requirement and usage, to think over the issues by regarding operator as the center, and to design the products by emphasizing the ease of use and understandability during design and manufacture. In this study, Stubble-Mulch Rotocultivator for Boat Tractor （SMRBT） is chosen as the design object. The coordination approach of the user, machine and environment is discussed by deeply investigating their relationship, which is an empirical study of the human-centered technology of agricultural machinery.

The Physical Universe and the Theoretical Value of Science:Reflections on the Thought of G.Leopardi

The essay has two main purposes.The first consists of discussing some literary and philosophical thoughts on the epistemological value of science by one of the most famous and celebrated poets in Italian literature,Giacomo Leopardi.The poet firmly believes in the cognitive power of science,capable of revealing false beliefs with the light of reason.However,in his mature reflections,what will radically change will not be the value of scientific activity itself,always admirably accepted,but rather its true salvific force.Leopardi was not a scientist,but he used the scientific culture of his time to critically address the great existential themes of man concerning nature and the universe.He had amply demonstrated a scientific culture since his youthful'History of Astronomy',which would reappear in many of his other literary works.His deep and meditative reflections on the nature of finite and infinite space and time are a clear and fruitful testimony to this.However,Giacomo writes icastically,reason alone is not enough;it needs imagination.The second concerns a first reconstruction of the influence that the philosophy of Enlightenment had on Leopardi’s thought especially in relation to these topics:atheism,rejection of providentialism and anthropocentrism,the conception of nature,the question of the relationship between human and animal intelligence,the rejection of metaphysics,the importance of scientific knowledge.

On Master Tanxu’s Thought of the Middle Way

This paper discusses Master Tanxu’s Thought of Middle Way from three aspects:interpreting the Middle Way with the Tiantai Sect’s thought of“Three Truths as a Unity”(三諦圓融),discussing“the Truth of the First Meaning of the Middle Way”(中道第一義諦)from the relationship between“the One Mind”and the Middle Way,and discussing gradations of practice of the Middle Way.

Research on the Cultivation of Craftsmanship in Huang Yanpei’s Education Thought

Skilled talents are the main support for the strategic development of science and technology in China.The quality of talents is an important guarantee for the transformation and upgrading of national industries.By analyzing and studying Huang Yanpei’s thought on vocational education,this paper focuses on the cultivation of students’craftsmanship in vocational schools.First,we analyze the results of previous research and then elaborate on the connotations of Huang Yanpei’s education thought and craftsmanship spirit.Lastly,we propose five suggestions for the cultivation of craftsmanship.Our research work carries certain reference value to the study of craftsmanship cultivation in Huang Yanpei’s education thought.

习近平文化思想的科学内涵、价值意蕴与原创性贡献

确立习近平文化思想是推动实现中华民族伟大复兴的现实需要,也是正确应对国际领域复杂意识形态斗争的迫切需求。习近平文化思想深化了对文化本质和文化自信自强的认识,深化了对文化发展道路的认识,深化了对新时代文化使命的认识,深化了意识形态工作与党和国家中心工作之间关系的认识,深化了对意识形态阵地管理的认识。习近平文化思想回答了新时代我国文化建设举什么旗、走什么路、坚持什么原则、实现什么目标等根本问题,涵盖文化建设的方向、目标、道路、原则等重要方面,是相对完整的思想体系。要正确理解“两个结合”、特别是“第二个结合”,高度重视意识形态安全,在学思用贯通、知信行合一中把学习贯彻习近平文化思想引向深入。

数学基本思想在集合教学中的运用

为帮助学生全面深入地理解集合概念,对数学基本思想在集合教学中的运用进行了研究。数学基本思想一般包括抽象、推理与模型,教师从集合概念的抽象性、集合关系的抽象性出发,引导学生理解数学抽象思想;从集合推理运算的基础、集合恒等式的推理与证明出发,引导学生理解数学推理思想;从计数与概率论、数理逻辑中的集合模型出发,引导学生理解数学模型思想。

习近平文化思想的内涵、特征与核心要义

习近平文化思想是新时代党领导宣传思想文化建设经验的理论总结与思想提升,极大丰富和发展了马克思主义文化理论,在党的文化事业发展史上具有里程碑意义。从内涵看,习近平文化思想是以文化使命为统领,由文化传承、文化创新、文化权益、文化共识、文化引领等方面构成的完备理论体系。从特征看,习近平文化思想具有鲜明的科学性、人民性、实践性、发展性,不仅体现了习近平文化思想的本质,而且展现了习近平文化思想的理论形象。从核心要义看,习近平文化思想主要围绕保障文化安全、坚定文化自信、建设文化强国、增强文化影响等价值目标为新时代宣传思想文化建设提供思想武器和行动指南,为以中国式现代化全面推进中华民族伟大复兴坚定信念、振奋人心、凝聚力量。

中和学术思想指导下小儿推拿特色实践与应用

小儿推拿疗法有确切的疗效、丰富的特色和悠久的历史,是中医儿科的一种重要治疗方法。中和学术思想系国医大师孙光荣创立,反复实践于临床,效果可靠,继而形成了“中和医派”。中和学术思想主张恪守中医临床思维,遵循辨证治疗六步程式,强调“中和辨证、中和组方、中和用药”,提出“调气血、平升降、衡出入”的治疗总则,这些思想对小儿推拿的作用、治则、选穴、辨证、手法、治疗套路等都有全新的指导,验之临床,颇有疗效。经多年实践形成了“严守中和理论,谨遵儿童特点;恪守中医思维,遵循经络穴位;注重调和气血,燮理阴阳平衡;兼顾升降平衡,手法轻快柔和;主张辨证施推,注重三因制宜;主症主穴主推,随症加减施推;重视穴位功效,简化手法套路;博采众家之长,融会贯通创新”的八大特色的中和小儿推拿疗法。

唯物史观与中华优秀传统思想的进步历史观

在中国哲学史上,哲学家们提出了一系列关于社会历史发展规律的观点和看法。中华优秀传统历史观念构成了中华优秀传统思想的进步历史观。中华优秀传统思想的进步历史观包括重“势”的进步社会历史观、对厚古薄今复古主义历史观的批判思想、民本思想、大同思想、“大一统”思想等,蕴含着与唯物史观相契合的合理因素和创新萌芽,在中国社会历史观发展史上产生了积极影响,为马克思主义唯物史观的中国化时代化贡献了中华优秀传统哲学智慧。汲取中华优秀传统思想进步历史观的有益成分,有助于进一步实现唯物史观与中华优秀传统思想进步历史观的有机结合,在“两个结合”中继续推进马克思主义中国化时代化。

习近平文化思想的价值、特质与内在逻辑

习近平文化思想坚持马克思主义的立场观点方法,坚守中华文化立场,是习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的文化篇,是中国共产党最新的文化思想成果。习近平文化思想明确了新时代文化建设的路线图和任务书,具有鲜明的实践导向性,为新形势下宣传思想文化工作提供了强大思想武器和科学行动指南。习近平文化思想具有丰富的价值意蕴,丰富和发展了马克思主义文化理论,指明和标注了新时代新的文化使命,也为实现中华民族伟大复兴提供行动指南并注入强大精神动力。习近平文化思想展现出了时代特质,坚守人民立场和政治底色、坚持宏微结合和体用贯通,并彰显了民族特性与世界眼光。习近平文化思想坚持和实现了历史性与现实性的统一,文化本体与文化形态的统一,合规律性与合目的性的统一,内在发展和外在保障的统一。把握习近平文化思想的内在逻辑,有利于深刻认识和理解习近平文化思想生成、存在和发展的内外动因。

习近平文化思想形成发展的时间向度、空间向度和本体向度

习近平文化思想的形成发展彰显了中国共产党清醒的历史自觉、勇毅的历史主动。从形成发展的时间向度看,习近平文化思想不忘本来,深刻把握中华文明的突出特质;立足现实,持续推进中国特色社会主义文化建设;面向未来,致力于建设文化强国、建设中华民族现代文明。从形成发展的空间向度看,习近平文化思想既立足中国,坚定文化自信、走自己的路;又放眼世界,秉持开放包容、推动世界文明交流互鉴,致力于实现中华文化同世界文化发展的良性互动。从形成发展的本体向度看,习近平文化思想始终坚守文化建设的本源,在牢固坚守马克思主义在意识形态领域指导地位的根本制度、中国共产党的文化领导权与中华民族的文化主体性中不断拓新和发展。

习近平文化思想的科学性与实践性

党的十八大以来,习近平总书记高度重视党的宣传思想文化工作,主持召开一系列重要会议、发表一系列重要讲话、提出一系列新思想新观点新论断,形成了习近平文化思想。这一思想是一个内涵丰富、逻辑严密的理论体系,科学回答了关于党的宣传思想文化工作的一系列方向性、根本性、战略性的重大问题。这一思想具有深厚的实践基础,新时代十余年来党的宣传思想文化工作在习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的指引下,经过“正本清源”与“守正创新”接续努力,取得了历史性成就、发生了历史性变革,也积累了一系列宝贵经验。这一思想正是对党的宣传思想文化工作经验,尤其是新时代实践经验的科学总结。从新时代党的宣传思想文化工作重要经验及其背后逻辑来看,习近平文化思想的科学性和实践性得到进一步彰显和印证,我们党对宣传思想文化工作的规律性认识也进一步深化。

梁启超的导读书目与导读思想

梁启超是开启近现代目录学研究一代风气的启蒙人物,他对导读书目的研究分成了西学书目与国学书目两大类型,并形成宣传西学与推崇国学两个明显的历史分期。梁启超开启的导读书目范式更加强调对读者、读物、读书法等的关注,带有突出的读者服务意识。梁启超的导读书目根植于中国目录学传统,开创了解题兼导读的新型书目,导读的范围兼涉中西,体现出明显的致用属性。

习近平文化思想的核心内容与哲学底蕴

习近平文化思想内涵十分丰富,蕴含着深刻的哲学智慧,在党的宣传思想文化事业发展史上具有里程碑意义。习近平总书记关于把文化建设摆在全局工作的重要位置、“两个结合”的重大论断、创造人类文明新形态以及在文化自信自强中推进中国式现代化的重要论述,构成了习近平文化思想的核心内容。习近平文化思想对马克思主义哲学原理的运用主要体现在:人民至上是其唯物史观品格,实践第一是其认识论源泉,守正创新是其辩证法思维特质。习近平文化思想饱含丰富而深邃的中国哲学智慧:“明体达用、体用贯通”化用了中国哲学“体用之辩”的精髓要义,开放包容体现了中国哲学海纳百川、兼收并蓄的思维智慧,胸怀天下生动诠释了中国哲学的天下观和交往理念。

携手推动构建人类命运共同体在中东的实践

在百年未有之大变局背景下,既需要以更广阔的国际视野考察全球的变化发展,更需要用全新眼光和思维看待和思考同样发生着重大变化的中东,进而抓住中国中东外交的新机遇。在重大变化方面,美国以战略竞争来定义中美关系,并将中东作为开展对华战略竞争的重点区域。美国在中东的主要目标是阻止中国“填补权力真空”,将中国与中东国家的合作限制于低端层次。中国不认可美方关于战略竞争的定义,继续稳步推进既定中东政策,同时积极回应来自美方的围堵打压,维护自身利益。在外交新机遇方面,中国与中东国家以习近平总书记系列重要论述精神为指引加强能源合作,遵循“构建能源立体合作新格局”的战略构想,准确把握共建“一带一路”能源合作高质量发展的实践要求,促进全球能源可持续发展并推动构建能源命运共同体。中国作为正在崛起的大国承担着大国责任。中国共产党十八大以来,中国深度参与中东安全事务治理,习近平外交思想指导下的中国中东安全治理观逐渐成熟,中东安全治理进入新时期。