To concentrate on cultivating prefabricated construction talents for architectural design majors in vocational colleges in China,we should adhere to the basic principles of professional coordinated development and int...To concentrate on cultivating prefabricated construction talents for architectural design majors in vocational colleges in China,we should adhere to the basic principles of professional coordinated development and integration of production,teaching,and research to determine the teaching objectives and contents,set up a double-teacher teaching team,and provide sufficient resources and funds.Specifically,it is necessary to optimize the curriculum system with the guidance of professional groups,create teaching situations with information platforms,introduce Building Information Modeling(BIM)technology to connect with the actual situation,adhere to the combination of education and training to improve the practice mechanism of school-enterprise cooperation,deepen the integration pattern of post-course certificate competition,and follow the ideological and political teaching route of professional course to realize the comprehensive improvement of students’knowledge,skills,and professional quality.展开更多
The gradually ex—panding number of peo—pie suffering from hy—pertension and the trendof lowering of their ageindicate that one shouldpay more attention tothe illness and tOstrengthen preventionand treatment of it i...The gradually ex—panding number of peo—pie suffering from hy—pertension and the trendof lowering of their ageindicate that one shouldpay more attention tothe illness and tOstrengthen preventionand treatment of it inorder tO elevate clinicaltherapeutic effect,so as展开更多
To obtain improved comprehensive crashworthiness criteria for a B-type subway train,the infuence laws of the vehicle design collision weight M and empty stroke D on the train’s collision responses were investigated,a...To obtain improved comprehensive crashworthiness criteria for a B-type subway train,the infuence laws of the vehicle design collision weight M and empty stroke D on the train’s collision responses were investigated,and multiobjective optimization and decision-making were performed to minimize TS(total compression displacement along the moving train)and TAMA(the overall mean acceleration along the moving train).Firstly,a one-dimensional train collision dynamics model was established and verifed by comparing with the results of the fnite element model.Secondly,based on the dynamics model,the infuence laws of M and D on the collision responses,such as the energy-absorbing devices’displacements and absorbed energy,vehicles’velocity and acceleration,TS,TAMA and the coupling correlation efect were investigated.Then,surrogate models for TS and TAMA were developed using the optimal Latin hypercube method(OLHD)and response surface method(RSM),and multi-objective optimization was conducted using the particle swarm optimization algorithm method(MPOSO).Finally,the entropy method was used to obtain the weight coefcients for TS and TAMA,and multi-objective decision-making was performed.The results indicate that D and M signifcantly afect the compression displacements and energy absorption of the frst three collision interfaces,but have limited impact on the last three collision interfaces.The velocity versus time curves of vehicle M1 and M2 are shifted and parallel with diferent D.However,the velocity versus time curves of all the vehicles are shifted but gradually divergent with diferent M.The maximum collision instantaneous accelerations of the vehicles are directly determined by M,but are only slightly afected by D.Under the coupling efect,all concerned collision responses are strongly correlated with M;however,the responses are weakly correlated with D except for the compression displacement at the M2-M3 collision interface and the maximum collision instantaneous acceleration of vehicle M2.The comprehensive crashworthiness criteria of the B-type subway train were signifcantly improved after multi-objective optimization and decision-making.The research provides more theoretical and engineering application references for the subway train crashworthiness design.展开更多
This paper studies the title problem including an analysis of the gyroscopic effects of the wheels of a rail-car travelling at high-speed around a level, horizontal curve. The analysis is based upon the fundamental pr...This paper studies the title problem including an analysis of the gyroscopic effects of the wheels of a rail-car travelling at high-speed around a level, horizontal curve. The analysis is based upon the fundamental principles of dynamics. The result is a design formula for the minimum curve radius needed to prevent derailment. Aside from the rail car geometric and physical properties, the minimum curve radius depends upon the square the train speed. An illustrative example shows that the wheel gyroscopic effect is destabilizing and additive to the centrifugal force derailment tendency. From a track design perspective, however, the gyroscopic effect is relatively small compared with the centrifugal force effect.展开更多
The effectiveness of training prefrontal lobe function for suppressing cognitive decline or improving cognitive function has been reported. Some epidemiological studies suggested that gardening activities can contribu...The effectiveness of training prefrontal lobe function for suppressing cognitive decline or improving cognitive function has been reported. Some epidemiological studies suggested that gardening activities can contribute to suppression of cognitive decline. In our previous studies using functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS), we reported the possibility of frontal pole (FP) activation of healthy older adults during gardening activities in the quasi-laboratory setting. The objective of this study was to examine the impacts of a three-month continual practice of the watering task in the actual gardening settings on the FP activation of healthy older adults. The participants were 18 right-handed healthy older adults without a diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment or dementia (M = 71.7 years ± SD 5.0, range: 63 - 84 years) who lived independently at home. We asked the participants to continue watering at home for three months in the same way as the research task in the fNIRS measurement. After a three-month intervention, the participants’ task performance improved compared with that of pre-intervention. In addition, the Oxy-Hb values in the right lateral FP during the third trial in the post-intervention measurement were significantly greater compared with the pre-intervention measurement. This study suggested that even a gardening activity with a small number of processes such as watering, if the activity is continued for a certain period of time, can suppress the decline of the FP activation of healthy older adults. Combination of various gardening activities has the potential to be a further cognitive training for activating the FP.展开更多
EDITORIAL Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome(SARS)is a new intractable disease worldwide,itsonset is acute,its infectivity and mortality is high,the knowledge about its etiology and pathogenesis is in-sufficient,the ex...EDITORIAL Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome(SARS)is a new intractable disease worldwide,itsonset is acute,its infectivity and mortality is high,the knowledge about its etiology and pathogenesis is in-sufficient,the experience on SARS treatment awaits accumulation.Following pilot experiences of applyingICWM in fighting SARS is most valuable with scientific significance.展开更多
Based on the differ—ent theories,TCM andWestern medicine(WM)have their owndifferent understandingsabout the pathogenesisand treatment of highblood pressure(HBP).In TCM the balancesbetween blood-qi,vis—cera—bowel, a...Based on the differ—ent theories,TCM andWestern medicine(WM)have their owndifferent understandingsabout the pathogenesisand treatment of highblood pressure(HBP).In TCM the balancesbetween blood-qi,vis—cera—bowel, and yin—yang are all highly展开更多
At the end of 2021 to create a new model of characteristic software talent training for independent and controllable key software fields,the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technolog...At the end of 2021 to create a new model of characteristic software talent training for independent and controllable key software fields,the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology jointly approved the establishment of the first batch of 33 Characteristic Pilot Schools of software.As a member of characteristic software schools,the HIT School of Software has been approved and will focus on the construction of 2 characteristic directions,which are large-scale industrial software and industrial professional application software.In order to achieve the goal,it is urgent to develop a comprehensive management platform to control the entire process of talent training,so that we can standardize,modelling,and digitized the entire process of characteristic software talent training.By relating all aspects of student training with and implementing the ability-index mechanisms,we will continuously collect big-data of the entire process of student growth,and generate multidimensional student ability portraits for evaluating the effect of talent training,and adjust as well as optimizing the growth path for students themselves during their studying.Employers will be able to identify talents accurately and provide effective reference for colleges to adjust training plans.This paper will analyze the needs of the platform,provide demand analysis of the platform,extract the correlation model between training,conclude the relations between ability-index activities and ability indicators,and give a reasonable overall system design scheme.展开更多
In order to cultivate more excellent talents in art and design majors following the requirements of the"13th Five-Year Plan"national education development,this paper analyzes in-depth on the current status o...In order to cultivate more excellent talents in art and design majors following the requirements of the"13th Five-Year Plan"national education development,this paper analyzes in-depth on the current status of higher vocational education in art design profession under the background of the"Double High"plan and the challenges faced,and proposes the building of school-enterprise"Double Subject"education system and the establishment of a"diversified"evaluation system.Deepening the integration of industry and education,schools and enterprises jointly explore modern apprenticeship talent training models for innovative art and design majors,and provide a strong guarantee for the implementation of the"Double High"plan modern apprenticeship talent training model.展开更多
The most distinctive feature of the new era is integration and innovation. With the rapid development of information technology and big data technology, the data era brought by artificial intelligence is coming. The s...The most distinctive feature of the new era is integration and innovation. With the rapid development of information technology and big data technology, the data era brought by artificial intelligence is coming. The systems engineering theory and methods summarized from engineering practice show more and more its importance and indispensability. The overall design department thoughts founded by scientist QIAN Xuesen is the result of the practice of systematic engineering science theory. The new development of the overall design department will inject intellectual support and technical support into the modernization of the national governance system and capabilities.展开更多
A fuzzy phenomenon has been found between design elements when their classifications were researched. It is hard to separate them since they are interrelated so tight. An explanation between design elements and design...A fuzzy phenomenon has been found between design elements when their classifications were researched. It is hard to separate them since they are interrelated so tight. An explanation between design elements and design thoughts in fashion design based on the fuzzy theory is presented in this paper. I hope this will be a breakthrough for people to enlarge their design thoughts and control their design works.展开更多
Due to the close physical interaction between human and machine in process of gait training, lower limb exoskeletons should be safe, comfortable and able to smoothly transfer desired driving force/moments to the patie...Due to the close physical interaction between human and machine in process of gait training, lower limb exoskeletons should be safe, comfortable and able to smoothly transfer desired driving force/moments to the patients. Correlatively, in kinematics the exoskeletons are required to be compatible with human lower limbs and thereby to avoid the uncontrollable interactional loads at the human-machine interfaces. Such requirement makes the structure design of exoskeletons very difficult because the human-machine closed chains are complicated. In addition, both the axis misalignments and the kinematic character difference between the exoskeleton and human joints should be taken into account. By analyzing the DOF(degree of freedom) of the whole human-machine closed chain, the human-machine kinematic incompatibility of lower limb exoskeletons is studied. An effective method for the structure design of lower limb exoskeletons, which are kinematically compatible with human lower limb, is proposed. Applying this method, the structure synthesis of the lower limb exoskeletons containing only one-DOF revolute and prismatic joints is investigated; the feasible basic structures of exoskeletons are developed and classified into three different categories. With the consideration of quasi-anthropopathic feature, structural simplicity and wearable comfort of lower limb exoskeletons, a joint replacement and structure comparison based approach to select the ideal structures of lower limb exoskeletons is proposed, by which three optimal exoskeleton structures are obtained. This paper indicates that the human-machine closed chain formed by the exoskeleton and human lower limb should be an even-constrained kinematic system in order to avoid the uncontrollable human-machine interactional loads. The presented method for the structure design of lower limb exoskeletons is universal and simple, and hence can be applied to other kinds of wearable exoskeletons.展开更多
This study is intended to evaluate the influence of dynamic bridge-train interaction (BTI) on the seismic response of the Shinkansen system in Japan under moderate earthquakes. An analytical approach to simulate the...This study is intended to evaluate the influence of dynamic bridge-train interaction (BTI) on the seismic response of the Shinkansen system in Japan under moderate earthquakes. An analytical approach to simulate the seismic response of the BTI system is developed. In this approach, the behavior of the bridge structure is assumed to be within the elastic range under moderate ground motions. A bullet train car model idealized as a sprung-mass system is established. The viaduct is modeled with 3D finite elements. The BTI analysis algorithm is verified by comparing the analytical and experimental results. The seismic analysis is validated through comparison with a general program. Then, the seismic responses of the BTI system are simulated and evaluated. Some useful conclusions are drawn, indicating the importance of a proper consideration of the dynamic BTI in seismic design.展开更多
Purpose–The nose length is the key design parameter affecting the aerodynamic performance of high-speed maglev train,and the horizontal profile has a significant impact on the aerodynamic lift of the leading and trai...Purpose–The nose length is the key design parameter affecting the aerodynamic performance of high-speed maglev train,and the horizontal profile has a significant impact on the aerodynamic lift of the leading and trailing cars Hence,the study analyzes aerodynamic parameters with multi-objective optimization design.Design/methodology/approach–The nose of normal temperature and normal conduction high-speed maglev train is divided into streamlined part and equipment cabin according to its geometric characteristics.Then the modified vehicle modeling function(VMF)parameterization method and surface discretization method are adopted for the parametric design of the nose.For the 12 key design parameters extracted,combined with computational fluid dynamics(CFD),support vector machine(SVR)model and multi-objective particle swarm optimization(MPSO)algorithm,the multi-objective aerodynamic optimization design of highspeed maglev train nose and the sensitivity analysis of design parameters are carried out with aerodynamic drag coefficient of the whole vehicle and the aerodynamic lift coefficient of the trailing car as the optimization objectives and the aerodynamic lift coefficient of the leading car as the constraint.The engineering improvement and wind tunnel test verification of the optimized shape are done.Findings–Results show that the parametric design method can use less design parameters to describe the nose shape of high-speed maglev train.The prediction accuracy of the SVR model with the reduced amount of calculation and improved optimization efficiency meets the design requirements.Originality/value–Compared with the original shape,the aerodynamic drag coefficient of the whole vehicle is reduced by 19.2%,and the aerodynamic lift coefficients of the leading and trailing cars are reduced by 24.8 and 51.3%,respectively,after adopting the optimized shape modified according to engineering design requirements.展开更多
The Antikythera mechanism is the most famous ancient astronomical calculator. The damaged excavation is a critical constraint for decoding the mechanism completely. By the systematic reconstruction design methodology,...The Antikythera mechanism is the most famous ancient astronomical calculator. The damaged excavation is a critical constraint for decoding the mechanism completely. By the systematic reconstruction design methodology, all feasible designs of the moon phase display device, which is one of the unclear mechanisms of the Antikythera mechanism, are reconstructed. These designs, including ordinary gear trains and epicyclic gear trains, are the simplest designs and satisfy the surviving evidence. The Antikythera mechanism and its reconstruction designs presented by LIN and YAN are introduced first. Three pointer types of the Antikythera mechanism are concluded based on their display motions and the orientation of the mechanism. In accordance with the analysis of the available interior reconstruction designs and the surviving evidence, four feasible designs of the moon phase display device are generated. All of them utilize the ball pointer with black and white that rotates around the radial axis to show cyclic moon phase. Two of these four feasible reconstruction designs are driven by one input source, and their bronze disks are fixed and rotatable respectively. Both of the remaining reconstruction designs are driven by two input sources, and their bronze disks are rotatable. Therefore, the four reconstruction designs of the moon phase display device reveal all possible display conditions of the moon phase pointers and the possible purposes of the bronze disk.展开更多
The development of diversified industries has promoted the emergence of diversified majors,and visual communication is a new type of profession,and the course is also a new type of course,which requires students to ha...The development of diversified industries has promoted the emergence of diversified majors,and visual communication is a new type of profession,and the course is also a new type of course,which requires students to have better design thinking,and how to improve the design thinking of visual communication majors through daily learning.Based on this,this paper proposes a definition of visual communication and the relevance of design thinking.It proposes a strategy to enhance the design thinking ability of visual communication majors.展开更多
基金Chongqing Education Science Planning Topic:Chongqing Education Science“14th Five-Year Plan”2023 General Topic-Research on the Integration Path of Higher Vocational Education and General Education from the Perspective of Type Education(Project number:K23YG3150259)。
文摘To concentrate on cultivating prefabricated construction talents for architectural design majors in vocational colleges in China,we should adhere to the basic principles of professional coordinated development and integration of production,teaching,and research to determine the teaching objectives and contents,set up a double-teacher teaching team,and provide sufficient resources and funds.Specifically,it is necessary to optimize the curriculum system with the guidance of professional groups,create teaching situations with information platforms,introduce Building Information Modeling(BIM)technology to connect with the actual situation,adhere to the combination of education and training to improve the practice mechanism of school-enterprise cooperation,deepen the integration pattern of post-course certificate competition,and follow the ideological and political teaching route of professional course to realize the comprehensive improvement of students’knowledge,skills,and professional quality.
文摘The gradually ex—panding number of peo—pie suffering from hy—pertension and the trendof lowering of their ageindicate that one shouldpay more attention tothe illness and tOstrengthen preventionand treatment of it inorder tO elevate clinicaltherapeutic effect,so as
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52175123)Sichuan Outstanding Youth Fund(Grant No.2022JDJQ0025).
文摘To obtain improved comprehensive crashworthiness criteria for a B-type subway train,the infuence laws of the vehicle design collision weight M and empty stroke D on the train’s collision responses were investigated,and multiobjective optimization and decision-making were performed to minimize TS(total compression displacement along the moving train)and TAMA(the overall mean acceleration along the moving train).Firstly,a one-dimensional train collision dynamics model was established and verifed by comparing with the results of the fnite element model.Secondly,based on the dynamics model,the infuence laws of M and D on the collision responses,such as the energy-absorbing devices’displacements and absorbed energy,vehicles’velocity and acceleration,TS,TAMA and the coupling correlation efect were investigated.Then,surrogate models for TS and TAMA were developed using the optimal Latin hypercube method(OLHD)and response surface method(RSM),and multi-objective optimization was conducted using the particle swarm optimization algorithm method(MPOSO).Finally,the entropy method was used to obtain the weight coefcients for TS and TAMA,and multi-objective decision-making was performed.The results indicate that D and M signifcantly afect the compression displacements and energy absorption of the frst three collision interfaces,but have limited impact on the last three collision interfaces.The velocity versus time curves of vehicle M1 and M2 are shifted and parallel with diferent D.However,the velocity versus time curves of all the vehicles are shifted but gradually divergent with diferent M.The maximum collision instantaneous accelerations of the vehicles are directly determined by M,but are only slightly afected by D.Under the coupling efect,all concerned collision responses are strongly correlated with M;however,the responses are weakly correlated with D except for the compression displacement at the M2-M3 collision interface and the maximum collision instantaneous acceleration of vehicle M2.The comprehensive crashworthiness criteria of the B-type subway train were signifcantly improved after multi-objective optimization and decision-making.The research provides more theoretical and engineering application references for the subway train crashworthiness design.
文摘This paper studies the title problem including an analysis of the gyroscopic effects of the wheels of a rail-car travelling at high-speed around a level, horizontal curve. The analysis is based upon the fundamental principles of dynamics. The result is a design formula for the minimum curve radius needed to prevent derailment. Aside from the rail car geometric and physical properties, the minimum curve radius depends upon the square the train speed. An illustrative example shows that the wheel gyroscopic effect is destabilizing and additive to the centrifugal force derailment tendency. From a track design perspective, however, the gyroscopic effect is relatively small compared with the centrifugal force effect.
文摘The effectiveness of training prefrontal lobe function for suppressing cognitive decline or improving cognitive function has been reported. Some epidemiological studies suggested that gardening activities can contribute to suppression of cognitive decline. In our previous studies using functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS), we reported the possibility of frontal pole (FP) activation of healthy older adults during gardening activities in the quasi-laboratory setting. The objective of this study was to examine the impacts of a three-month continual practice of the watering task in the actual gardening settings on the FP activation of healthy older adults. The participants were 18 right-handed healthy older adults without a diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment or dementia (M = 71.7 years ± SD 5.0, range: 63 - 84 years) who lived independently at home. We asked the participants to continue watering at home for three months in the same way as the research task in the fNIRS measurement. After a three-month intervention, the participants’ task performance improved compared with that of pre-intervention. In addition, the Oxy-Hb values in the right lateral FP during the third trial in the post-intervention measurement were significantly greater compared with the pre-intervention measurement. This study suggested that even a gardening activity with a small number of processes such as watering, if the activity is continued for a certain period of time, can suppress the decline of the FP activation of healthy older adults. Combination of various gardening activities has the potential to be a further cognitive training for activating the FP.
文摘EDITORIAL Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome(SARS)is a new intractable disease worldwide,itsonset is acute,its infectivity and mortality is high,the knowledge about its etiology and pathogenesis is in-sufficient,the experience on SARS treatment awaits accumulation.Following pilot experiences of applyingICWM in fighting SARS is most valuable with scientific significance.
文摘Based on the differ—ent theories,TCM andWestern medicine(WM)have their owndifferent understandingsabout the pathogenesisand treatment of highblood pressure(HBP).In TCM the balancesbetween blood-qi,vis—cera—bowel, and yin—yang are all highly
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2020AAA0108803).
文摘At the end of 2021 to create a new model of characteristic software talent training for independent and controllable key software fields,the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology jointly approved the establishment of the first batch of 33 Characteristic Pilot Schools of software.As a member of characteristic software schools,the HIT School of Software has been approved and will focus on the construction of 2 characteristic directions,which are large-scale industrial software and industrial professional application software.In order to achieve the goal,it is urgent to develop a comprehensive management platform to control the entire process of talent training,so that we can standardize,modelling,and digitized the entire process of characteristic software talent training.By relating all aspects of student training with and implementing the ability-index mechanisms,we will continuously collect big-data of the entire process of student growth,and generate multidimensional student ability portraits for evaluating the effect of talent training,and adjust as well as optimizing the growth path for students themselves during their studying.Employers will be able to identify talents accurately and provide effective reference for colleges to adjust training plans.This paper will analyze the needs of the platform,provide demand analysis of the platform,extract the correlation model between training,conclude the relations between ability-index activities and ability indicators,and give a reasonable overall system design scheme.
文摘In order to cultivate more excellent talents in art and design majors following the requirements of the"13th Five-Year Plan"national education development,this paper analyzes in-depth on the current status of higher vocational education in art design profession under the background of the"Double High"plan and the challenges faced,and proposes the building of school-enterprise"Double Subject"education system and the establishment of a"diversified"evaluation system.Deepening the integration of industry and education,schools and enterprises jointly explore modern apprenticeship talent training models for innovative art and design majors,and provide a strong guarantee for the implementation of the"Double High"plan modern apprenticeship talent training model.
文摘The most distinctive feature of the new era is integration and innovation. With the rapid development of information technology and big data technology, the data era brought by artificial intelligence is coming. The systems engineering theory and methods summarized from engineering practice show more and more its importance and indispensability. The overall design department thoughts founded by scientist QIAN Xuesen is the result of the practice of systematic engineering science theory. The new development of the overall design department will inject intellectual support and technical support into the modernization of the national governance system and capabilities.
文摘A fuzzy phenomenon has been found between design elements when their classifications were researched. It is hard to separate them since they are interrelated so tight. An explanation between design elements and design thoughts in fashion design based on the fuzzy theory is presented in this paper. I hope this will be a breakthrough for people to enlarge their design thoughts and control their design works.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61273342)Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.3113026,3132005)
文摘Due to the close physical interaction between human and machine in process of gait training, lower limb exoskeletons should be safe, comfortable and able to smoothly transfer desired driving force/moments to the patients. Correlatively, in kinematics the exoskeletons are required to be compatible with human lower limbs and thereby to avoid the uncontrollable interactional loads at the human-machine interfaces. Such requirement makes the structure design of exoskeletons very difficult because the human-machine closed chains are complicated. In addition, both the axis misalignments and the kinematic character difference between the exoskeleton and human joints should be taken into account. By analyzing the DOF(degree of freedom) of the whole human-machine closed chain, the human-machine kinematic incompatibility of lower limb exoskeletons is studied. An effective method for the structure design of lower limb exoskeletons, which are kinematically compatible with human lower limb, is proposed. Applying this method, the structure synthesis of the lower limb exoskeletons containing only one-DOF revolute and prismatic joints is investigated; the feasible basic structures of exoskeletons are developed and classified into three different categories. With the consideration of quasi-anthropopathic feature, structural simplicity and wearable comfort of lower limb exoskeletons, a joint replacement and structure comparison based approach to select the ideal structures of lower limb exoskeletons is proposed, by which three optimal exoskeleton structures are obtained. This paper indicates that the human-machine closed chain formed by the exoskeleton and human lower limb should be an even-constrained kinematic system in order to avoid the uncontrollable human-machine interactional loads. The presented method for the structure design of lower limb exoskeletons is universal and simple, and hence can be applied to other kinds of wearable exoskeletons.
基金Japan Society of the Promotion of Science (Grant-in-Aid for Scientif ic Research (B) Under Project No. 17360213)the Hyogo Science and Technology Association
文摘This study is intended to evaluate the influence of dynamic bridge-train interaction (BTI) on the seismic response of the Shinkansen system in Japan under moderate earthquakes. An analytical approach to simulate the seismic response of the BTI system is developed. In this approach, the behavior of the bridge structure is assumed to be within the elastic range under moderate ground motions. A bullet train car model idealized as a sprung-mass system is established. The viaduct is modeled with 3D finite elements. The BTI analysis algorithm is verified by comparing the analytical and experimental results. The seismic analysis is validated through comparison with a general program. Then, the seismic responses of the BTI system are simulated and evaluated. Some useful conclusions are drawn, indicating the importance of a proper consideration of the dynamic BTI in seismic design.
文摘Purpose–The nose length is the key design parameter affecting the aerodynamic performance of high-speed maglev train,and the horizontal profile has a significant impact on the aerodynamic lift of the leading and trailing cars Hence,the study analyzes aerodynamic parameters with multi-objective optimization design.Design/methodology/approach–The nose of normal temperature and normal conduction high-speed maglev train is divided into streamlined part and equipment cabin according to its geometric characteristics.Then the modified vehicle modeling function(VMF)parameterization method and surface discretization method are adopted for the parametric design of the nose.For the 12 key design parameters extracted,combined with computational fluid dynamics(CFD),support vector machine(SVR)model and multi-objective particle swarm optimization(MPSO)algorithm,the multi-objective aerodynamic optimization design of highspeed maglev train nose and the sensitivity analysis of design parameters are carried out with aerodynamic drag coefficient of the whole vehicle and the aerodynamic lift coefficient of the trailing car as the optimization objectives and the aerodynamic lift coefficient of the leading car as the constraint.The engineering improvement and wind tunnel test verification of the optimized shape are done.Findings–Results show that the parametric design method can use less design parameters to describe the nose shape of high-speed maglev train.The prediction accuracy of the SVR model with the reduced amount of calculation and improved optimization efficiency meets the design requirements.Originality/value–Compared with the original shape,the aerodynamic drag coefficient of the whole vehicle is reduced by 19.2%,and the aerodynamic lift coefficients of the leading and trailing cars are reduced by 24.8 and 51.3%,respectively,after adopting the optimized shape modified according to engineering design requirements.
基金Supported by National Science Council,Taiwan,China(Grant No.NSC 99-2221-E-006-253)
文摘The Antikythera mechanism is the most famous ancient astronomical calculator. The damaged excavation is a critical constraint for decoding the mechanism completely. By the systematic reconstruction design methodology, all feasible designs of the moon phase display device, which is one of the unclear mechanisms of the Antikythera mechanism, are reconstructed. These designs, including ordinary gear trains and epicyclic gear trains, are the simplest designs and satisfy the surviving evidence. The Antikythera mechanism and its reconstruction designs presented by LIN and YAN are introduced first. Three pointer types of the Antikythera mechanism are concluded based on their display motions and the orientation of the mechanism. In accordance with the analysis of the available interior reconstruction designs and the surviving evidence, four feasible designs of the moon phase display device are generated. All of them utilize the ball pointer with black and white that rotates around the radial axis to show cyclic moon phase. Two of these four feasible reconstruction designs are driven by one input source, and their bronze disks are fixed and rotatable respectively. Both of the remaining reconstruction designs are driven by two input sources, and their bronze disks are rotatable. Therefore, the four reconstruction designs of the moon phase display device reveal all possible display conditions of the moon phase pointers and the possible purposes of the bronze disk.
文摘The development of diversified industries has promoted the emergence of diversified majors,and visual communication is a new type of profession,and the course is also a new type of course,which requires students to have better design thinking,and how to improve the design thinking of visual communication majors through daily learning.Based on this,this paper proposes a definition of visual communication and the relevance of design thinking.It proposes a strategy to enhance the design thinking ability of visual communication majors.