Practice and Reflection on the Science and Technology Propaganda Work of Agricultural Research Institutes in the New Era : A Case Study of Changli Pomology Institute, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences

Taking Changli Fruit Tree Research Institute of Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences as an example,starting from the importance of strengthening scientific and technological propaganda work in agricultural research institutes,the current situation of scientific and technological propaganda work in agricultural research institutes is analyzed in this paper.In response to the problems of lack of targeted evaluation mechanism,lack of distinctive publicity forms,and weak news sensitivity of science and technology propaganda workers in agricultural research institutions,strategies such as establishing a scientific and standardized evaluation system,improving incentive policies,deeply exploring propaganda content,leveraging the joint advantages of new and traditional media,and cultivating and training science and technology propaganda teams are proposed.

AI for Science:科研应用及其带来的革新与挑战

人工智能驱动的科学研究(AI for Science)被视为科学发现的第五范式的曙光。依循演绎主义的科学研究逻辑,梳理了人工智能在科学假设生成、数据收集以及分析挖掘中的应用。人工智能“数据算法算力”三原则,对科学数据的质量、算法的复杂性以及计算能力提出了更高的要求。AI for Science时代预计会出现科技巨头、AI专家、软硬件工程师、政府以及教育机构等紧密协同的新型科研模式。然而,AI算法的黑箱特性对科学研究的可解释性和可重复性构成潜在威胁。因此,在推进人工智能驱动的科学研究的发展过程中,必须坚持伦理优先的原则,注重科学数据的安全性管理,防范化解大模型分布外泛化带来的解释性弱等问题。

Characterizing structure of cross-disciplinary impact of global disciplines:A perspective of the Hierarchy of Science

Purpose:Interdisciplinary fields have become the driving force of modern science and a significant source of scientific innovation.However,there is still a paucity of analysis about the essential characteristics of disciplines’cross-disciplinary impact.Design/methodology/approach:In this study,we define cross-disciplinary impact on one discipline as its impact to other disciplines,and refer to a three-dimensional framework of variety-balance-disparity to characterize the structure of cross-disciplinary impact.The variety of cross-disciplinary impact of the discipline was defined as the proportion of the high cross-disciplinary impact publications,and the balance and disparity of cross-disciplinary impact were measured as well.To demonstrate the cross-disciplinary impact of the disciplines in science,we chose Microsoft Academic Graph(MAG)as the data source,and investigated the relationship between disciplines’cross-disciplinary impact and their positions in the Hierarchy of Science(HOS).Findings:Analytical results show that there is a significant correlation between the ranking of cross-disciplinary impact and the HOS structure,and that the discipline exerts a greater cross-disciplinary impact on its neighboring disciplines.Several bibliometric features that measure the hardness of a discipline,including the number of references,the number of cited disciplines,the citation distribution,and the Price index have a significant positive effect on the variety of cross-disciplinary impact.The number of references,the number of cited disciplines,and the citation distribution have significant positive and negative effects on balance and disparity,respectively.It is concluded that the less hard the discipline,the greater the cross-disciplinary impact,the higher balance and the lower disparity of cross-disciplinary impact.Research limitations:In the empirical analysis of HOS,we only included five broad disciplines.This study also has some biases caused by the data source and applied regression models.Practical implications:This study contributes to the formulation of discipline-specific policies and promotes the growth of interdisciplinary research,as well as offering fresh insights for predicting the cross-disciplinary impact of disciplines.Originality/value:This study provides a new perspective to properly understand the mechanisms of cross-disciplinary impact and disciplinary integration.

AI for Science在农业领域的应用研究

近年来,在算法、数据、算力三大引擎驱动下,人工智能(artificial intelligence,AI)发展迅速,并在AlphaFold3、核聚变智能控制、新冠药物设计等前沿领域取得诸多令人瞩目的成果。AI驱动的科学研究(AI for Science,AI4S)解决了科学数据分析维度高、尺度跨度大以及局限性科研实验制约大规模跨学科科研活动的瓶颈问题,促进科学研究迈向以“平台协作”为主要特征的新模式。分析了AI4S的国际态势,梳理了当前我国农业数字化发展现状及现实困境,将文献、统计数据、调研案例分析相结合,提出推动AI4S赋能我国农业发展的实践路径。AI4S将成为撬动农业生产从“看天、看地、看庄稼”的传统模式向智能感知、智能决策、可视化管理等模式转变的强力引擎,推动科学研究从单打独斗的“小农作坊模式”迈向“安卓模式”的平台科研。在此平台上,科研人员共享算力、模型、算法、数据库和知识库等基础设施,围绕农业全产业链全生命周期研发应用,通过“滚雪球效应”加速科研创新和成果应用。利用AI技术赋能农业生产数字化、网络化和智能化,为支撑理论-实验的在线迭代,还需要完善高质量农业科学数据资源体系、适度超前推进AI关键技术与基础设施、优化新范式下的交叉创新科研生态、加强农业数据安全监管、制定完善的配套政策和激励机制等措施来打通数据壁垒,推动AI+农业落地,从源头强化农业科技创新,推动农业强国建设。

Overview of the Third Global Forum

Computer science continues to grow at a rapid pace,raising the issue of how universities can best adapt to this trend.At the third Global Forum on the Development of Computer Science(GFDCS),five heads of departments of computer science from Asia,Europe,and North America came together to exchange ideas under the theme Challenges and Opportunities of Computer Science in the New Era.Through the discussions,a number of new challenges were explored,including how to meet the growing demand for computer science education,how to manage increased teaching loads,how to foster collaboration between computer science and other disciplines,how to raise ethical awareness,and how to support new“transdisciplinary”modes of education and research.At the same time,there was a consensus on the need to strengthen the role of computer science in other departments,the importance of industrial collaboration,and the need for more scalable approaches to teaching.The evolving role of computer science within the context of broader science was also discussed.

An Interview-Based Study of the Factors Influencing the Quality of Professional Training of Science Education Graduates

The proposal of the strategy of developing the country through science education has clarified China’s demand for the development of the science and education industry and the cultivation of science and education talents,and the birth of Science Education majors is an important link in the cultivation of scientific literacy.Based on the grounded theory,we interviewed three Science Education graduates from a university and coded the interview data by using NVivo 12.0 to find eight important factors affecting their professional training and employment choices.The factors are“social factors,”“individual career choice factors,”“campus resources,”“employment advantages,”“professional self-development,”“teacher factors,”“planning for further education and employment,”and“student motivation.”This study analyzes the interaction between the influencing factors,constructs a theoretical model of the influencing factors of the quality of Science Education professional training,explores the problems of the training process of Science Education majors and employment dilemmas,and puts forward corresponding suggestions.

Research Progress in FDA’s Focus Areas of Regulatory Science for Drugs and Suggestions for China

Objective To sort out the focus areas of FDA’s scientific supervision and to achieve corresponding results,so as to provide some suggestions for the scientific research and innovation of drug supervision in China.Methods In-depth research was carried out in the fields of safety evaluation tools,clinical trial innovation,new methods of product quality evaluation,information science and so on.Results and Conclusion The research foundation of drug supervision related technology in China is weak,and a systematic supervision system has not been formed.Learning from the scientific experience of drug supervision in the United States,we can promote the development of the focus areas of drug supervision in China.Besides,we should improve the standard management ability while perfecting the regulations and standards system.Lastly,we should establish a system for government and industry-university-research to realize the full-cycle supervision of drugs.

The Flemish Performance-based Research Funding System: A Unique Variant of the Norwegian Model

The BOF-key is the performance-based research funding system that is used in Flanders, Belgium. In this paper we describe the historical background of the system, its current design and organization, as well as its effects on the Flemish higher education landscape. The BOFkey in its current form relies on three bibliometric parameters: publications in Web of Science, citations in Web of Science, and publications in a comprehensive regional database for SSH publications. Taken together, the BOF-key forms a unique variant of the Norwegian model: while the system to a large extent relies on a commercial database, it avoids the problem of inadequate coverage of the SSH. Because the bibliometric parameters of the BOF-key are reused in other funding allocation schemes, their overall importance to the Flemish universities is substantial.

Can Crossref Citations Replace Web of Science for Research Evaluation?The Share of Open Citations

Purpose:We study the proportion of Web of Science(WoS)citation links that are represented in the Crossref Open Citation Index(COCI),with the possible aim of using COCI in research evaluation instead of the WoS,if the level of coverage was sufficient.Design/methodology/approach:We calculate the proportion on citation links where both publications have a WoS accession number and a DOI simultaneously,and where the cited publications have had at least one author from our institution,the Czech Technical University in Prague.We attempt to look up each such citation link in COCI.Findings:We find that 53.7%of WoS citation links are present in the COCI.The proportion varies largely by discipline.The total figures differ significantly from 40%in the large-scale study by Van Eck,Waltman,Larivière,and Sugimoto(blog 2018,https://www.cwts.nl/blog?article=n-r2s234).Research limitations:The sample does not cover all science areas uniformly;it is heavily focused on Engineering and Technology,and only some disciplines of Natural Sciences are present.However,this reflects the real scientific orientation and publication profile of our institution.Practical implications:The current level of coverage is not sufficient for the WoS to be replaced by COCI for research evaluation.Originality/value:The present study illustrates a COCI vs WoS comparison on the scale of a larger technical university in Central Europe.

Zoological Research call for special issue papers Special Issue in 2019 for the Celebration of the 60th Anniversary of the Kunming Institute of Zoology & the 70th Anniversary of the Chinese Academy of Sciences

Established in 1959,the Kunming Institute of Zoology,Chinese Academy of Sciences(KIZ,CAS)is a comprehensive research institution in the field of biodiversity evolution,conservation,and sustainable utilization in China.Dominant research areas include Genetics and Evolution and Primate Animal Models and Disease Mechanisms.Based on the rich biodiversity resources of China and Southeast Asia,KIZ aims to be at the scientific forefront of the^cross-unification of genetics,development,and evolution",and to help tackle the national demand for the exploitation of animal genetic resources and the creation of animal disease models.Through multi-discipline integration,KIZ is focused on basic,strategic,and advanced scientific and technological issues in the study ofbiodiversity resource conservation and utilization in relation to national and regional development.

Brief Introduction to the Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences

The Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, was set up in Oct. 1986. It was composed of the former Institute of Environmental Chemi-stry, which was founded in 1975, and the Ecology Center. The purpose of setting up the Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences is to promote the cooperation of environmen- tal chemists, ecologists and geoscientists so as to solve ecological and environmental issues at regional, national and global levels through interdisciplinary studies.

A BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO THE RESEARCH PROJECTS WINNING FIRST-GRADE PRIZES OF THE 1993 CAS AWARDS FOR NATURAL SCIENCES

In the wake of examination, appraisal and recommendation by the jury of the CAS Awards for Natural Sciences.a total of 17 research projects was finally approved by the CAS President’s Working Conference as laureates of the first-grade prizes of the 1993 CAS Awards for Natural Sciences.A brief introduction of them is as follows: 1. A Study on the Steiner

On the Experience, Problems in Science and Technology Services of Basic Scientific Research Institutes and Suggestions——Taking Zhenjiang Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Hilly Areas of Jiangsu as an Example

Taking the Jiangsu Province as Zhenjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences in Hilly Areas of an example, the paper elaborated the advanced practices of agricultural research institutes in agricultural science and technology services and analyzed the difficulties and solutions in the services. process of science and technologyservices.

基于Web of Science全球小麦低温逆境的研究态势分析

低温逆境已成为限制全球小麦稳产丰产与优质的主要农业气象灾害之一。为客观全面地了解全球小麦低温逆境领域的研究现状和发展趋势,基于Web of Science核心数据库中2000-2020年发表的以“小麦”和“低温”为研究主题的相关文献为数据源,利用CiteSpace可视化分析软件对检索到与主题密切相关的475篇文献从发文数量、发文国家、发文作者、研究机构、研究热点等方面进行统计分析。结果表明:自2000年以来,小麦低温逆境领域年发文数量总体呈波动上升趋势;以中国、美国和加拿大等国家为代表的农业大国均致力于该领域的研究;美国学者Skin⁃ner是该领域发文量最多的作者,与其他学者合作密切的有李向楠和Fowler;该领域文献多发表于《Molecular Genetics and Genomics》和《Annual Review of Plant Biology》等优质期刊上;俄罗斯科学院是该领域发文量最多的科研机构;耐低温小麦新品种培育、耐寒分子生物学研究以及提高小麦产质量等方面成为该领域的研究热点。

基于Web of Science数据库的水稻土土壤微生物研究态势分析

为进一步了解水稻土土壤微生物领域的研究进展和未来发展趋势,基于Web of Science数据库,采用文献计量学的分析方法,分析了2014-2023年水稻土土壤微生物领域文章。结果表明,2014-2023年全球范围内关于水稻土土壤微生物发表文章数量共计768篇,其中美国、印度、中国发文量排在前3位;研究机构中法国国家科学研究中心位居首位,发文量达36篇;中国科学院位列第二,发文量为33篇。该领域研究论文主要发表在Frontiers in Microbiology、Microorganisms和Frontiers in Plant Science;研究学科包括微生物学、农学、分子生物学等相关学科。

An Innovative Soft Design Science Methodology for Improving Development of a Secure Information System in Tanzania Using Multi-Layered Approach

This paper presents an innovative Soft Design Science Methodology for improving information systems security using multi-layered security approach. The study applied Soft Design Science Methodology to address the problematic situation on how information systems security can be improved. In addition, Soft Design Science Methodology was compounded with mixed research methodology. This holistic approach helped for research methodology triangulation. The study assessed security requirements and developed a framework for improving information systems security. The study carried out maturity level assessment to determine security status quo in the education sector in Tanzania. The study identified security requirements gap (IT security controls, IT security measures) using ISO/IEC 21827: Systems Security Engineering-Capability Maturity Model (SSE-CMM) with a rating scale of 0 - 5. The results of this study show that maturity level across security domain is 0.44 out of 5. The finding shows that the implementation of IT security controls and security measures for ensuring security goals are lacking or conducted in ad-hoc. Thus, for improving the security of information systems, organisations should implement security controls and security measures in each security domain (multi-layer security). This research provides a framework for enhancing information systems security during capturing, processing, storage and transmission of information. This research has several practical contributions. Firstly, it contributes to the body of knowledge of information systems security by providing a set of security requirements for ensuring information systems security. Secondly, it contributes empirical evidence on how information systems security can be improved. Thirdly, it contributes on the applicability of Soft Design Science Methodology on addressing the problematic situation in information systems security. The research findings can be used by decision makers and lawmakers to improve existing cyber security laws, and enact laws for data privacy and sharing of open data.

Meru University of Science and Technology Research Ethics Review System: A SWOT Analysis

The objectives of this article are as follows: 1) to propose a university research ethics system framework, 2) to provide a brief anatomy of the Meru University of Science and Technology (MUST) Institutional Research Ethics Review Committee (MIRERC), 3) to perform a SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) analysis of MIRERC, and 4) to make recommendations for improving its performance. The 13-member multi-disciplinary MIRERC was established in April 2017 to provide effective ethical oversight of research undertaken by the University’s scholarly community. Strengths of the MUST research ethics review system include a functional MIRERC, a pertinent national law and ethical guidelines, an Innovation and Enterprise Centre that could house a dedicated MIRERC Secretariat, and a supportive University Management Board. The weaknesses include lack of graduate schools to assure scientific rigor of proposals before submission to the MIRERC, lack of research ethics training in most school’s curricula, absence of a dedicated MIRERC Secretariat, undergraduate research proposals being not ethically reviewed, dearth of faculty trained in research ethics, and lack of an operating budget for MIRERC work. The opportunities include existence of about 22 accredited Institutional Research Ethics Review Committees (IRERC) in Kenya, existence of international standards and operational guidance for ethics review, availability of guidelines and codes of best ethical practices in research, existence of a free automated platform called Research for Health Innovation Organizer (RHInnO) Ethics for managing the ethics review process, and availability of external resources for strengthening IRERCs. In order to improve the performance and sustainability of the MUST research ethics system, there is need to include research ethics training in all undergraduate and post-graduate curricula, create a dynamic database of potential research ethics reviewers, allocate a percentage of the annual MUST research budget for MIRERC operations, charge a graduated fee for proposal ethics review, require all students’ and faculties’ internal and external research proposals be cleared by the MIRERC, and use the RHInnO Ethics platform to manage the ethics review process.

基于Web of Science男男性行为相关艾滋病研究热点前沿的可视化分析

目的:运用文献计量学方法分析男男性行为(MSM)相关艾滋病的研究现状、前沿热点和研究趋势,为艾滋病防治研究提供借鉴。方法:计算机检索并收集Web of Science核心合集数据库中与MSM相关艾滋病有关的文献,运用CiteSpace软件进行作者合作分析、机构分布分析,并绘制关键词共现和聚类知识图谱。结果:共纳入MSM相关艾滋病研究文献5221篇,发文量整体呈现上升趋势,发文量最多的国家是美国,发文量最多的机构是加利福尼亚大学旧金山分校,发文量最大的期刊是AIDS and Behavior,Mayer是核心作者,纳入研究的高频关键词为HIV/AIDS,gay men,infection,risk behavior,prevention。结论:MSM相关艾滋病的研究处于积极状态,研究主题丰富,热点集中,作者合作度高。未来还需继续探索积极有效的干预措施,早期和全面识别具有感染风险的MSM人群,快速启动抗逆转录病毒治疗,注重MSM人群心理健康,构建良好的社会支持和照护系统。

Research integration for health sciences libraries

This article is a case study of an innovative academic health sciences library initiative that describes the planning and events in the inaugural year of a new library research program. In response to emerging trends in health sciences libraries to increase research skills of librarians in order to foster expanded research integration within the health sciences disciplines,the University of Michigan Taubman Health Sciences Library established an EXPERT Research Initiative. This new program is part of the strategic planning for the future of the library and is focused on three primary goals： expanding the library＇s research portfolio,building librarians＇ research skills and competencies,and increasing the library＇s research visibility. The article highlights five library projects that illustrate the different kinds of research collaborations librarians are engaged in with health sciences faculty,researchers,clinicians,and students.