Research status and prospects of the fractal analysis of metal material surfaces and interfaces

As a mathematical analysis method,fractal analysis can be used to quantitatively describe irregular shapes with self-similar or self-affine properties.Fractal analysis has been used to characterize the shapes of metal materials at various scales and dimensions.Conventional methods make it difficult to quantitatively describe the relationship between the regular characteristics and properties of metal material surfaces and interfaces.However,fractal analysis can be used to quantitatively describe the shape characteristics of metal materials and to establish the quantitative relationships between the shape characteristics and various properties of metal materials.From the perspective of two-dimensional planes and three-dimensional curved surfaces,this paper reviews the current research status of the fractal analysis of metal precipitate interfaces,metal grain boundary interfaces,metal-deposited film surfaces,metal fracture surfaces,metal machined surfaces,and metal wear surfaces.The relationship between the fractal dimensions and properties of metal material surfaces and interfaces is summarized.Starting from three perspectives of fractal analysis,namely,research scope,image acquisition methods,and calculation methods,this paper identifies the direction of research on fractal analysis of metal material surfaces and interfaces that need to be developed.It is believed that revealing the deep influence mechanism between the fractal dimensions and properties of metal material surfaces and interfaces will be the key research direction of the fractal analysis of metal materials in the future.

An Exploration of the Three Dimensions and Epochal Strengths of Building a Human Community With a Shared Future

The idea of a human community with a shared future was proposed by the Communist Party of China(CPC)Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core for the future development of human beings to face up to the most important question in today's world:“What is happening to the world and what should we do?”It profoundly answers the question of the world,history,and the times.The theory of a human community with a shared future is an innovative theory with a multidimensional formation logic that guides humanity toward continually seeking common interests and values.This paper dives into the profound motivations behind building a human community with a shared future from historical,cultural,and practical dimensions and analyzes its epochal value from both domestic and international perspectives.This not only helps exert China's role in the international community,contributing Chinese strength to the construction of a peaceful,stable,and prosperous human society,but also enhances the influence of the idea of a human community with a shared future in the international community,accelerating the building of a human community with a shared future that considers the legitimate concerns of all countries,and aiding in solving the crises facing the world.

Mapping a Paleodrainage System of the Keriya River Using Remote Sensing Data and Historical Materials

Keriya River, one of the ancient Four Green Corridors in the Tarim Basin, recording the changes of climate-environment and the ancient Silk Road of the region. According to the archaeological data, historical materials and paleoclimates information, its eeo-environment and climate have taken great changes since the 1.09 Ma B.P, especially during the recent 2,000 years, many famous ancient cities having been abandoned and the south route of the Silk Road has been moved southward. This study illustrates the capability of the remote sensing data （radar data, topographic data and optical images） and historical materials, in mapping the ancient drainage networks. A major paleodrainage system of Keriya River has linked the Kunlun Mountains to the Tienshan Mountains, possibly as far back as the early Pleistocene. The Keriya River will have important implications for not only the understanding of the paleoenvironments and paleoclimates of Tarim Basin from the early Pleistocene to the Holocene, but also the changes of the Silk Road.

The Application of Historical Materials Teaching Method in High School History Class

In the new curriculum reform, historical materials teaching method is becoming more and more important in middle school history teaching. This article is the analysis of materials in two aspects. This paper analyzes the practical signi??cance of historical materials teaching, and points out the problems that should be paid attention to in the teaching of historical materials. Through the analysis of some teaching cases, it can provide practical experience for the better use of historical materials in the later period.

Historical Research on Rights in the Eyes of Young Marx

Karl Marx’s insightful critique of bourgeois rights,represented in the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen adopted by France,can be attributed to the short-term and longterm perspectives he adopted successively in his research.By reading works such as History of France in the Revolutionary Era and History of the French Revolutionary Parliament,Marx was able to examine the original intentions of the legislators in the period of the French Revolution.This short-term examination was the most intuitive and logical approach to studying the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen,in which Marx focused on the research of the period of the French National Convention and its idea on property rights.The enigmatic political-legal facts that emerged in 1793 during the French Revolution,along with other incidents,presented an opportunity for Marx to turn to long-term rights surveys.In this context,Marx gradually shifted his attention from the legislators who were the shining protagonists of the“grand political historical drama”to the underlying forces that worked behind them,and in doing so understood how the two major achievements of the French Revolution provided an explanation for the historicity of the phenomenon of rights.Marx’s longterm rights surveys from the perspective of historical materialism were directly inspired by the Kreuznach Notes as well as famous scholars including Francois Guizot,Augustin Thierry,and Henri Saint-Simon.

A Social-historical Analysis of Edwin A. Robinson's Richard Cory

This article makes a brief analysis of Edwin A. Robinson's famous poem Richard Cory from social-historical perspective. It is discussed that this poem reflects the spiritual life of the author's contemporary people.

Cross-scale characteristics of backfill material using NMR and fractal theory

This paper analyzed the pore structure, quantified the pore fractal dimension, calculated the grading index(GI) of mixed aggregate, and studied the relationship among GI, pore structure, and strength to describe the cross-scale characteristics of backfill, which is made from stone powder and cemented tailing. A series of experiments were conducted on stone powder cement tailings backfill(SPCTB). The GI formulas for mixed aggregates, containing stone powder and tailings, were derived based on the Füller theory. The nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) fractal dimensions of backfills were derived using fractal geometry principles. Compared to the mesopore and macropore fractal dimensions, the correlation between micropore fractal dimension and macro-properties in terms of NMR porosity, pore structure complexity, uniaxial compression strength(UCS), and GI is the most significant. Macropore fractal dimension is generally correlated with UCS and GI and the other properties such as the shape of mixed aggregates also have an impact on fractal dimension. However, mesopore fractal dimension has no obvious relationship with macro-properties. Finally, the relationship between GI and UCS was studied, which contributed to improving backfill’s strength and optimizing gradation.

Conditions Where the Ruled Class Unites for the Revolution:Applicability of a Game Theory on Social Dilemmas

Revolutions,typical cases of crucial social transformations,cannot be realized successfully without a large number of activists.Therefore,creating conditions favorable for acquiring enough participants should be an important topic of Marxist social science.In particular,this problem includes the “free-ride,” because the benefits of revolutionaries’ activities are gained not only by the activists but also by all other members.The paper analyzes problems such as this one,applying non-cooperative game theory to social dilemma problems.This leads to some interesting results.In this research,the problem of the workers’ choice between unity or freeride is first defined using numerical examples of the gain structure.It is defined again in a more generalized form using other parameters.In so doing,we express both the cost of participating in the movement and the gains from the concession of the ruling class.Because this analysis focuses on the importance of the number of participants,the concession of the ruling class is framed as a function of the number of participants.The results of this analysis revealed that the economic base and superstructure accurately correspond in some game structures but not in others.In other words,the social dilemma presents either as a case of prisoners’ dilemma or as a chicken game.Furthermore,this paper analyzes the influence of group size,and it was revealed that groups with a large number of members,such as a ruled class,find it particularly difficult to unite.This phenomenon is called the “large group dilemma.” In these ways,this research shows that the aforementioned type of game theory can be used to analyze the difficulties and possibilities of social movements.

An Discrimination and Defence——The Exploration of the “Amoralism” of Marxism

There are seemingly controversial arguments in Marx＇s works on morality.For one thing, we can exphcidy find his rejection of morality, and contemporary westernscholars, especially Anglo - American scholars who have devoted in Marxist moral theory holdthat Marx is an amoralist, even anti -moralist. For another, we can also discover his moral cri-tiques on capitalism. For this reason,it has great practical significance to clarify the relationshipbetween Marmsm and morality. This topic will be elucidated under the background of histori-cal materialism and clarified from two aspects in this essay：to make sure why Marx＇s critiqueof capitalism does not base on moral principle and point out diametrically theoretical founda-tion between historical materialism and traditional morality;to clarify in what sense Marx is anamoralist, and emphasize it is in his rejection of abstract morality as guiding principle of critici-zing capitalism that he is an amoralist.

Study on Properties of Blue-Brick Masonry Materials for Historical Buildings

There are a large number of historic buildings which were mainly made of blue-brick masonry in today’s world.However,for the natural and man-made reasons,these historic buildings have been damaged in different degrees.In order to protect historic buildings more scientifically and learn about the preservation state of existing historic buildings,it is necessary to ascertain the material properties of blue brick in historic buildings.The article takes the blue bricks of historical buildings in Kaifeng area of the Central Plains as an example to study.Through the analysis of physical properties,X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy of blue brick specimens,the physical properties such as the apparent density,moisture content,porosity,and material structure composition are understood.The results show that the apparent density of blue brick is 1.64 g/cm^(3),the moisture content is 10.23%,the 24 h atmospheric water absorption is 17.86%,and the porosity is 20.99%.The smaller the apparent density is,the larger the porosity is,and the water absorption performance is better.From the microscopic point of view,bonding ability between blue brick mineral particles is relatively weak.The pores between skeletons are large and the pore structure is obvious.From the perspective of material phase,the elements of blue brick are mainly O,Si,Al,Fe,and the composition of blue brick is mainly composed of quartz and feldspar.The softening coefficient of blue brick is 0.80,and the deformation and stability of the structure should be paid special attention in the rainy season or wet environment.Through the frost test,there are salt substances in the internal pores of the brick,and the surface of the blue brick is eroded and pulverized.In this paper,the experimental process and analysis methods for testing the material properties of blue brick can provide reference for the research on the material properties of the same kind of blue-brick masonry in historic buildings and masonry relics.The relevant material property parameters obtained in this paper can provide guidance for making protection schemes and scientific repairs for historic buildings in Central China,enrich the evaluation criteria for maintaining and reinforcing historic buildings,and provide theoretical support for studying the damage and health detection technology related to historic buildings.

New Progress in the Study of “Pre-war Deposits”

At present,the academic researches on the issue of“pre-war deposits”in the banking industry mainly focus on the problems of inflation during the war and after the war,the business operation of the banking industry during the war,the demobilization,reorganization,and currency reform of the banking industry after the war,and so on.The direct related researches are few and focus on the disputes between depositors and banks.Although some archival materials and newspaper materials have been excavated,various kinds of historical materials still need to be further excavated.Research methods need to further strengthen interdisciplinary and integration.Therefore,to deepen the study of“pre-war deposit”,it is necessary to continuously explore and utilize new historical materials,expand research fields,expand research horizons,and pay attention to the use of multi-scientific theories and methods.

The Vascular Vegetation Populating the Flora in Building Materials of Historic Monuments Cities of the West Central Region of Morocco

In the concern of the preservation of the main historic monuments of the cities of Rabat and Sale (Morocco), a botanical study was conducted in 2009. The prospecting of these monuments allowed raising an inventory of the flora populating their building materials, and it has proved that this flora is rich and diversified. Indeed, it consists of 171 adventitious species distributed in 46 botanical families. The most represented families are Asteraceae, Poaceae, Fabaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Geraniaceae, Brassicaceae and Lamiaceae. They supply, to them only 49.7% of the specific size. The annual therophytes and the dicotyledon are dominant with respectively 66.7% and 84.7% of the specific size. Nevertheless, the presence of more than 20 species of trees and perennials constitutes a serious danger for bulwarks walls, especially by the phenomenon of fissuring by the action of the huge roots of these vegetables. These vegetables fitting into are placed on joints or cracks fissures have a chemical action on stones by acids that they release, and also a mechanical action by the growth of roots inside cracks fissures. They remain one of these are one of the important biological factors of the degradation of historic monuments. It is to note that the bulwarks walls of the site of Chella (Roman ruins) present more floral diversity than the other canvassed monuments (91 species) that are 53% of the total size.

法治是中国式现代化的重要保障

党的二十届三中全会审议通过的《中共中央关于进一步全面深化改革、推进中国式现代化的决定》明确提出“法治是中国式现代化的重要保障”,对法治与现代化之间的辩证关系从理论与实践相结合的角度作出系统阐述,对不断完善和健全法治在保障中国式现代化中的能力,推动法治与现代化同频共振、并肩前行发挥了政策引领作用。从法理层面准确认识法治对中国式现代化的保障机制和制度功能,要从历史维度、政治维度、理论维度、比较维度和实践维度“五个维度”有机统一的角度认识中国式现代化的具体特征和制度形态,针对不同层面的中国式现代化目标采取不同性质的法治应对和保障措施。法治在中国式现代化进程中,通过保障制度现代化推进中国式现代化。其中,法治自身也需要现代化。没有法治现代化就没有社会主义现代化。法治在推进中国式现代化过程中,通过不断提升自身效能和保障能力,逐步实现自身的现代化,成为中国式现代化事业的重要组成部分。

当代文学史料中的版本问题研究

在中国当代文学史料的系统工程中,公开出版或发表的作品是“特定时代里社会影响最大的作品”,由此形成了丰富的版本现象。同时,现代发达的出版体系和传播技术的支撑使当代文学版本情况相对稳定,并为批评研究及文学史书写提供了基础史料。但随着史料工作的推进,因为政治体制、艺术完善、新媒介技术等的影响,当代文学版本谱系不断扩张,导致传统版本观念捉襟见肘、版本乱象和批评错位、电子版本的有限性及其与研究者主体性的复杂关系等问题,所以从版本观念、版本研究方法、技术与人的关系等三个层面探讨提升当代文学版本研究的方法,可以夯实文学史书写的基础。

运用唯物史观“推出有思想穿透力的精品力作”

中国特色社会主义进入新时代,党和国家高度重视历史学科建设发展,十分关心支持历史研究工作,明确了历史学科以及历史研究在党和国家事业发展中的重要地位和作用,为史学事业繁荣发展创造了极其难得的时代条件、文化环境和比较优势。习近平在关于历史科学的重要论述中提出“推出有思想穿透力的精品力作”的重要要求和目标指向,对于推动当代中国史学繁荣发展具有重要意义。推出有思想穿透力的史学精品力作,离不开唯物史观理论智慧的指引和启发。唯物史观理论和方法为史家主体“做”并“推出有思想穿透力的精品力作”提供了思想源泉和可靠路径。在当代,史学研究者至少可以从三个切入点着手:第一,找准研究的历史方位,立足问题载点,突出时代意识;第二,紧扣马克思主义社会经济形态理论,研究阐释中国特色社会主义的性质和道路;第三,坚持马克思主义总体史观和历史发展规律论,聚焦中国历史发展与世界历史进程。对于历史研究来说,史家主体不仅需要具有“求真”的品格和勇气,还要具备“致用”的胆识、确立“致用”的目标,守科学研究之正,创史学研究之新,做有思想穿透力的研究,出有思想穿透力的成果,努力造就中国史学繁荣发展的新局面。

新封建主义及其历史奥秘——从历史唯物主义来审视约迪·迪恩的新封建主义

在众多提出新封建主义的学者中,美国马克思主义政治学者约迪·迪恩的新封建主义独树一帜。她早期提出了一个相对于传统资本主义更高级的传播资本主义概念,不过她在21世纪早期的思想发展中,体现了从政治批判到传播政治经济学批判的脉络。在看到了麦肯齐·瓦克在《资本已死》中提到的资本主义之后陷入更糟的历史阶段的问题,她也觉得当代资本主义或许也发生了衰退,进入一个新封建主义阶段。不过,她对新封建主义的界定是基于政治上的理解,从而提出了新封建主义具有权力分割、新领主和新农奴、腹地化和灾难性焦虑等特征。如果我们从马克思的历史唯物主义来审视约迪·迪恩的新封建主义,可以发现,她的新封建主义带有一种抽象化政治的痕迹,缺乏从具体的政治经济学批判来分析当代资本主义的剥削和不平等,从而也无法理解新封建主义的核心不是政治,而是将云领地变成私有制的历史结果。

世界百年未有之大变局的历史唯物主义根基

“世界百年未有之大变局”是以习近平同志为核心的党中央对世界怎么了、我们怎么办的准确把握。当今世界正处于百年未有之大变局,是世界历史发展过程中生产力与生产关系的更新和递进环节,是人类社会交往结构与国际秩序的深刻调整,更是人类社会发展范式的反思和转换,其中蕴含着复杂的偶然性和不确定性。国家力量对比、制度竞争、文化冲突等方面构成了大变局的主要特征,具体体现在全球交往中的竞争因素上升、全球化的垂直性秩序遭遇多极化趋势冲击、全球治理模式从国家主体向全球性主体转变。我们要立足历史唯物主义根基,从世界历史发展视域出发进行深层次分析,同时必须坚定历史自信,增强历史主动,谱写新时代中国特色社会主义更加绚丽的华章。

中国现当代旧体文学史料学:问题与对策

21世纪以来,中国现当代文学研究中的新旧二元对立模式不断被消解,以旧体诗词为代表的现当代旧体文学越来越受到学界重视,许多现当代文学史著作开始尝试将旧体文学整体性地纳入文学史叙述。由于史料学是史学的基础,所以要编写中国现当代旧体文学史,就必须以建立中国现当代旧体文学史料学为前提。已有的中国现当代文学史料学主要是新文学史料学,只有建立比较完备的旧体文学史料学,新旧合璧,才能使中国现当代文学史料学名副其实。现当代旧体文学史料大致上可划分为以作家为中心的社会生活史料;以作品为中心的文学创作史料;以读者为中心的文学传播与接受史料。只有正视现当代旧体文学史料工作,才能推进现当代文学研究由新文学本位向新、旧文学双重本位转变。在综合运用古典文献学方法进行现当代旧体文学史料研究方面,目前编纂学和注释学的应用成效比较显著,而对目录学、版本学、考证学、辑佚学、辨伪学等方法的运用还存在很大的学术空间,可以产生诸多学术增长点。只有坚持并发扬中国传统的朴学精神,在史料工作上走社会化和现代化的道路,才能把方兴未艾的中国现当代旧体文学史料学推向新的学术高度。