The Principle of Differentiation into Physical and Mathematical Theories

The article formulates the main principle of physics, which underlies this science. This principle has been called by the author of this article the Principle of differentiation into physical and mathematical theories. The article gives examples of the application of this principle in quantum mechanics and cosmology. A more detailed proof of the principle of equivalence of the electromagnetic field and the field of strong interaction to a free material particle is given. This principle, formulated in the article “Electrodynamics in Curvilinear Coordinates and the Equation of a Geodesic Line”, revealed the nature of the mass of elementary particles and became the basis for the formulation of the Principle of differentiation into physical and mathematical theories.

Reinterpreting ＂Universe＂ and Recovering ＂Benevolence＂ -- To Commemorate the Evolution and Ethics andthe Theory of Benevolence Published 120 Years

Yan Fu＇s Evolution and Ethics and Tan Sitong＇ s Theory of Benevolence are thetwo important books published in the great turning point of modern Chinese history. Both booksnot only harshly criticize the monarchy, take the lead in appealing for liberty, equality and democra-cy, but also give a creative explanation of universe -man relationship which is the basic issue of Chi-nese thought, promote the transformation of traditional cosmology and morality toward a new worldoutlook, social outlook and values, and lay the foundation for ontology and methodology of new ide-as and new theories. Both books have the ＂Prejudice＂ given by Chinese traditional culture,but be-cause of their ideological resources, thinking coordinates and methodological path differences, theyconstitute a certain relationship of contrast and complementarity in theory. Therefore, conducting amore in - depth analysis and summing up the achievements and limitations of them are enough toprovide valuable lessons for us in ＂restarting the thinking of universe -man＂ in today＇s era.

Spiral Wave Law Is Involved in the Unification of Four Fundamental Forces and the Origin and the Evolution of the Universe

A long-term goal of theoretical physics is to develop a single simple theory or model that would unify the four known fundamental forces (or interactions) and give explanations for the origin and the evolution of the Universe. Here a “spiral wave law” has been proposed based on the previous studies that a consistent universe field presents various forms of spiral (helical) wave motions at the speed of light (c), and therefore, a mathematical equation for the relationship between the radius of a spiral wave motion (r) and its wave length (λ) is derived including a simplified formula ( or ), which could provide a novel explanation for the origin and the evolution of the Universe, and the space-time relationships. This model may give a new way for the unification of four fundamental forces and determine the moving properties of galaxies and basic particles, and the propagation characteristics of electromagnetic waves at the large or small scale.

"universe collapse model"and its roles in the unification of four fundamental forces and the origin and the evolution of the universe

To unify the four known fundamental forces and provide an explanation for the origin and the evolution of the universe are two long-term goals of theoretical physics. Here a “universe collapse model” has been proposed. The universe consists of Matter and No-matter. No-matter is the universal energy that constructs a consistent universe field, presenting a spiral wave motion at the speed of light at the small scale. The partial collapse of the universal energy forms the particles of the universal energy in a variety of sizes, which are called as the elementary particles. These elementary particles form atom and matter, which construct the galaxies. The collapse of the universe field induces the formation of the universe collapse potential (UCP) and universe collapse force (UCF), and the later is represented by four different aspects of the fundamental forces at the large or small scales. The mathematical equation and the derivation of UCP and UCF are described, and possible experimental tests are also suggested. Therefore, this new model may give a novel explanation for the unification of four fundamental forces and the origin and the evolution of the universe.

Study on the Rights to Subsistence and Development with Reference to the Origin of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights

I.The History of the Drafting of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights:the Position and Role of the UN Economic and Social Council and the General Assembly of the United Nations should not be Ignored The reason for me to use the term "source"in the discussion on the right to subsistence

Bosonic Membranes and the Cosmic Matter-Structure Formation

The structures in the universe usually group as they are observed today, in forms such as “walls of galaxies”, hollow spheres and cosmic foam. An interpretation of the origin and evolution of the structures is given by a solution of bosonic membranes, which agrees well with the astronomical surveys.

On the Origin of the Gamma-Ray Burst Redshift Distribution in the Early Universe

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are the most powerful events in the universe, and are promising standard candles for cosmological studies. The data from NASA's Swift satellite reveal a distribution for the GRB number density that peaks at a redshift between 1 and 3. In this paper, we classify GRBs based on their duration and discuss the origin of their progenitors. We shed light on the formation mechanism of supermassive black holes and massive stars at the early universe, and show how this process and other related events can lead to a relatively high number of GRBs that peak at high redshift.

The Source of Human Civilization—Research on Oriental Taiii Culture

ACCORDING to Dr.JosephNeedham,the famous Bri-tish scholar who devotedseveral decades to compiling the24-million-word Science and Civiliza-tion in China,2,000 years ago Chinawas the world leader in science andtechnology.Modern Western scien-tific ideology,he says,originated inChina.What then is the source of civ-ilization in China?Wang Xiyu,au-thor of Elements of the Universe andZhou Yi Jingluo Diagram,believes

Frequency Decay through Electromagnetic Radiation Absorption and Re-Emission by Inter-Galactic Dark Matter as an Alternate Explanation for the Hubble Constant

There is an alternate cause for the decay rate defined by Edwin Hubble’s Cosmological Constant Theory. It can be proposed because inward motion is observed in the local Galaxies||Star groups around the Milky Way. The recession velocity of Galaxies farther out of is reasoned entirely from the increasing redshift in the frequency. The smaller the image of observed Galaxy/Cluster objects, the greater the downward shift in frequency of all Electro-Magnetic signals [EM]. An alternate cause for that downward shift could be through the absorption and re-emission through matter, leading to the absorption of some fraction of the energy quanta. There is nowhere in our Local Universe that is both absolutely devoid of matter and the continual formation of objects of all scales. If redshift was because of space expansion, it would increase the distance that signal had to travel. So a signal from GN-z11 stellar structure at 13.4 billion light years [LY] would take 13.4 billion years to travel. Assuming 13.8 billion years since the Big Bang would mean GN-z11 object travelled 13.4 billion LY in 400 million years. A current value for the Hubble constant is: H0=(67.8 ± 0.77) km s -1 Mpc -1 a frequency is shift of 67.8/c over a single Mpc. An alternate expression would be a shift factor 2.261560E-5 over a distance of 3.08567E22 m or a redshift of 7.32923E-28 over a metre because of passage through a medium. Dark matter is a currently accepted phenomenon. It is proposed that properties include redshift’s all normal matters that are put upon EM||Boson signals at the fraction stated above. The signal reduction|| frequency distortion happens at a quantum level for each occurrence, and so is not detectable until passage through millions of LY of Dark Matter. Support for this alternate supposition is reasoned from the fact that the M31 Galaxy and the NGC 300 Galaxy are at distances inconsistent with their Hubble recession velocity.

税内税外:清代前期的地丁原额与实际税负

清代前期的地丁(田赋)“原额”是一个值得注意的问题。它既涉及作为定税基础的亩制、折亩、税率,也直接与清初沿袭的“万历则例”关联。清初沿袭的田赋征收标准是万历四十八年的定例,但在田赋征收货币化的进程中,清初所定的本色折银额过高,事实上增加了人民的负担,是清初田赋税额高出明代万历年间税额的重要原因之一。同时,由于在地丁征收过程中存在的银两与铜钱的折算,影响着纳税者和地方政府的实际利益。丁银摊入地亩,从总体上实现了“地丁”的合一,丁银征收标准以及丁银的摊入地亩或未摊入地亩,同样错综复杂。在地丁“原额”之外,预征、加征与差徭银的摊征,也反映出纳税、承差者的实际负担较为沉重。

林业院校英语专业教学中生态人培养途径研究

在经济社会发展过程中,生态环境成为关系国家发展和个人生活方式的关键性问题。林业院校在积极加强生态文明宣传教育进程中,在从“科学发展观”到“新发展理念”和“绿色发展”的生态文明建设路上,扮演着积极而重要的角色。林业院校英语专业,也应具备生态意识。基于生态文明视角,以林业院校英语专业教学为例,结合培养现状,从教学目标生态化、教学内容生态化、教学环境生态化、教学手段生态化四方面探讨将学生培养为“生态人”的可行途径。“生态人”的培养在强化学生生态文明意识、提高学生生态文明建设能力以及助力生态文明社会建设等方面,都起着至关重要的作用。

从“三才”到“三纲”:董仲舒王道观之嬗变

董仲舒王道观由“三才”向“三纲”之嬗变,蕴含着由法天以为仁到本天以立仁(人)的思想。这同时意味着“元”机展露与开显。纵向层面,董子之天备具了本然性根基,从而使天哲学乃至“天人一”得以确立;横向维度,天地人以及物共“元”之性而成“天下一”。董子王道观于“元”的确认中从终极意义上证成了王道本正的先天依据,并由此建构了“天人一”与“天下一”统一的“王天下”图式。

设想美好未来,计谋可期天下的有意识构想实现行为

人工智能在硬件、软件、数据、算法、算力、安全、系统、生态8个方面与创新设计结合,进行ID识别、行为模式和需求关系的智能设计,智能感知、智能认知、智能控制、智能网络、智能运算将人类智能的关联、预测和想象核心能力进行模拟学习,完成设想未来、计谋天下的设计活动,提高有意识构想行为,实现三体元宇宙(原宇宙、源宇宙)元设计创造未来可能性的概率。通过高信维、高感质、高交互、高价值和高颜值的设计评测,用科技美学科技伦理实现共生的数实生态文明可持续发展。

载人航天器可更换舱外载荷接口通用设计与应用

为了充分利用空间暴露资源,载人航天器往往设计支持少量或大规模暴露试验的开展,暴露试验项目包括专用舱外载荷和可更换舱外载荷。载人航天器可更换舱外载荷是在航天员或机械臂照料下通过舱外载荷接口设备实现在轨安装和更换。针对不同可更换舱外载荷的接口需求不尽相同、不同载人航天器之间或同一载人航天器不同舱段之间的舱外载荷接口设备不同、载人航天器暴露试验平台在地面阶段无法与全部可更换舱外载荷进行接口匹配等技术难点,文章提出一种载人航天器可更换舱外载荷接口模块化、标准化的通用设计方法。舱外载荷接口按照安装接口、供电接口、信息接口、热接口等功能分类进行模块化设计,各功能模块相互独立;各功能模块对外接口采用标准化设计,同一类型接口的形式及定义均相同。经过在轨飞行应用,表明载人航天器可更换舱外载荷接口通用设计方法可行、正确,为载人航天器滚动开展较大规模的空间科学实验与技术试验提供了有力支撑。

论原始儒家“天人合一”观的理性奠基——以《尚书·洪范》篇为中心

对原始儒家“天人合一”观的来源及其理性化转向等问题的回答,不仅关系到对中国哲学基本特征的认识,亦关系到对原始儒家基本特征的认识。原始儒家的“天人合一”观来源于三代早期盛行的巫史传统,但对之作了理性化发展。《尚书·洪范》篇在这一过程中起到了十分重要的作用。具体来说,以卜筮为手段、以君王对天道的认识为基础的“稽疑”畴是原始儒家“天人合一”观的理性萌芽,而以天象为参考、以君王和各级官吏的德性为基础的“庶征”畴则是“天人合一”观理性化的提升。

构建全域现代化生态产业体系:多维逻辑、理论框架与实现机制

建设现代化产业体系,是以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业的必然选择。鉴于人与自然和谐共生的中国式现代化要求,应以实体经济生态优先绿色发展为目标建设现代化产业体系,助推高水平生态环境保护与高质量发展协同并进。基于这一目标,在回溯产业结构及产业体系研究的基础上,提出“全域现代化生态产业体系”的概念,并阐明其理论逻辑、历史逻辑和实践逻辑。与既有研究的“单层式”解读不同,本文建构涵盖一个目标体、四类域态面、两项助力轴的“一体、四域、两助力”多层式理论框架,通过剖析“体系内链接”“体系外助推”协同运行机理,进一步阐释构建全域现代化生态产业体系所蕴含的“自上而下”传导、“域态链接”融通、“自下而上”反馈三重实现机制。

试析“中华文明探源工程”重要成果融入高校思政课教学

将“中华文明探源工程”重要成果融入高校思政课教学,把思政课堂打造成传播中华文明的主阵地,旨在提升中华文明的影响深度和广度。首先对“中华文明探源工程”及其重要研究成果进行概述;其次从时代要求、思政课创新、对大学生进行思想引导等三个方面阐述融入的必要性;最后从教材内容、教学方式、网络育人平台、实践教学等多角度对其融入的举措尝试探析。以期学生充分了解中华民族的过去,自觉传播中华文明,坚定文化自信。

The development of traditional Chinese medicine

Similar to other medicines,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)originated from the need for various practical solutions to treat diseases.It is a knowledge system summarized and condensed by the Chinese nation in the health care practice for thousands of years.TCM continues to serve the health care system.This study summarized the history,health concept,main treatment strategies and methods,current development,and future perspectives of TCM.It may provide a more comprehensive image of the overall TCM system.

Tianjin University Department of Water Resources and Harbour Engineering Institute of Hydraulic Engineering

The Department of Water Resources and Harbour Engineering was originally a division of hydraulic engineering in the Department of Civil Engineering in Peiyang University the first modern university founded in China in 1933. Since then, about 5000 students have graduated from the Department.