Rewriting and the Original Work——An analysis of the adapted version of Outlaws of the Marsh

Outlaws of the Marsh is familiar to both Chinese and Westerners. Through the long history it can still gain a remarkable statusin literature. This paper aims to analysis the adapted version of its translation and try to give some inspiration on translation practice.

On the Relationship between the Original and the Translated Version——The Interpretation of Benjamin's Three Metaphors

This paper explores the relationship between the original and its translation by interpreting Benjamin's three metaphors from his The Translator's Task. The exploration starts with the metaphor of"the tangent of a circle",where it is interpreted that although the translated version should be faithful to its original in terms of meaning,yet it is a deviation due to different internal and external factors. Then,in the metaphor of"afterlife",the discussion demonstrates that the translated version proceeds from the original,but the original depends on it for its survival and afterlife in different eras. Later,based on the metaphor of"fragments of a vessel",the author states that the original and its translation are equal and complementary,just like the fragments of a vessel,responsible for the development and renewal of each other through translation. Finally,it is concluded that a better understanding of their relationship can offer us a new perspective in translation studies and practice.

A Study on the Origin and Binding Form of Printing Edition of Qing Guangxu’s“Shanxi Tongzhi”

Shanxi Tongzhi,written during the reign of Emperor Guangxu in the Qing Dynasty,is a typical example of the printed version of ancient Chinese books.Through the textual research of relevant cultural and historical materials,combined with the research on the publishing background and the formal binding system,this paper shows that“Shanxi Tongzhi”during Qing Guangxu has four editions since the original edition was compiled and published in 1892.With development and changes,its content has been continuously deepened and expanded.The version inherits the ancient system and extensive collection,the printing form is rigorous,and the binding is simple and exquisite,which has essential historical research value.At the same time,the traditional and straightforward Chinese-style aesthetics of the ancient printed version of“Shanxi Tongzhi”published during Qing Guangxu has a very high reference value for the exploration and development of the new connotation of the modern book form.

Study on Carbonate Sequence Stratigraphy of Ordovician in Northern Ordos Basin

The formation of carbonates is different from that of siliciclastics. The controlling factors, such as the in-situ production of carbonates the transport, local variation in depositional processes and the way of dispersal are unique to carbonates systems, and have resulted in the formation of a wide variety of stratal patterns. The authors believe that all the factors influencing the formation of carbonates, such as the evolution of carbonate platform, transgression and regression, drowning and exposing of the platform, should be taken into consideration during the study of carbonate sequence stratigraphy.This paper attempts to summarize the study procedure in outcrop sequence stratigraphy and to describe the integrated identification of condensed section, first flooding surface and maximum flooding surface, so that the framework of high-resolution sequence stratigraphy can be constructed. During the Sandokan in early Ordovician, a carbonate-siliciclastic ramp was developed in northern Ordos, which changed into a carbonate rimmed shelf or a distally steepened ramp during the Zhuozishan and Kelimoli. It was the break in the Wulalike and Middle Ordovician,changing the sedimentary setting into an aulacogen According to the basin evolution, the authors have established some different idealized models for depositional sequences and systems tracts.

The role of bone marrow-derived cells in the origin of liver cancer revealed by single-cell sequencing

Objective:Epithelial cancers often originate from progenitor cells,while the origin of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is still controversial.HCC,one of the deadliest cancers,is closely linked with liver injuries and chronic inflammation,which trigger massive infiltration of bone marrow-derived cells(BMDCs)during liver repair.Methods:To address the possible roles of BMDCs in HCC origination,we established a diethylnitrosamine(DEN)-induced HCC model in bone marrow transplanted mice.Immunohistochemistry and frozen tissue immunofluorescence were used to verify DENinduced HCC in the pathology of the disease.The cellular origin of DEN-induced HCC was further studied by single cell sequencing,single-cell nested PCR,and immunofluorescence-fluorescence in situ hybridization.Results:Studies by using single cell sequencing and biochemical analysis revealed that HCC cells in these mice were coming from donor mice BMDCs,and not from recipient mice.Furthermore,the copy numbers of mouse orthologs of several HCC-related genes previously reported in human HCC were also altered in our mouse model.DEN-induced HCCs exhibited a similar histological phenotype and genomic profile as human HCCs.Conclusions:These results suggested that BMDCs are an important origin of HCC,which provide important clues to HCC prevention,detection,and treatments.

<i>Chroococcidiorella tianjinensis</i>gen. et sp. nov. (Trebouxiophyceae, Chlorophyta), a Green Alga Arises from the Cyanobacterium TDX16

All algae documented so far are of unknown origin. Here, we provide a taxonomic description of the first origin-known alga TDX16-DE that arises from the Chroococcidiopsis-like endosymbiotic cyanobacterium TDX16 by de novo organelle biogenesis after acquiring its green algal host Haematococcus pluvialis’s DNA. TDX16-DE is spherical or oval, with a diameter of 2.0-3.6 μm, containing typical chlorophyte pigments of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and lutein and reproducing by autosporulation, whose 18S rRNA gene sequence shows the highest similarity of 99.7% to that of Chlorella vulgaris. However, TDX16-DE is only about half the size of C. vulgaris and structurally similar to C. vulgaris only in having a chloroplast-localized pyrenoid, but differs from C. vulgaris in that 1) it possesses a double-membraned cytoplasmic envelope but lacks endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus;and 2) its nucleus is enclosed by two sets of envelopes (four unit membranes). Therefore, based on these characters and the cyanobacterial origin, we describe TDX16-DE as a new genus and species, Chroococcidiorella tianjinensis gen. et sp. nov., which sets the basis for multidisciplinary research.

Isolation and Purification of Carp Mitochondrial DNA and Structural Analysis of Its tRNA^(Cys) Gene and the Light Strand Origin

A new method is presented with which we isolated milochondrial DNA from fresh carp liver usingdifferential centrifugation and DNase treatment that gave high yield of purified product with an easyand economical procedure. Highly distinct bands were displayed in agarose gel electrophoresls ofthe product digested with restrictlon enzymes, which were successfully used in constructingrestriction map and molecular clone of mitochondrial genes. With DNAs thus obtained, we havecloned cysteine tRNA gene (tRNA^(Cys) gene) of carp mitochondria, determined the nucleotide sequenceof it and the light strand origin, and depicted the cloverleaf secondary structure of tDNA^(Cya) and thelight strand origin. Analysis of nucleotide sequences of tRNA^(Cy) genes of 5 vertebrates has revealedunusual features of carp mitochondrial tRNA^(Cy) gene as compared with their cytoplasmic counter-parts, Altogether 36 bases were found in the light strand origin of carp mitochondriaf: 11 pairs in thestem; and 14 bases in the loop. As compared with those of other 11 vertebrate species, the sequenceof the stem is very conservative while both sequence and length of the loop are quite variable. Thestructure of the stem-loop may play an important role in light strand replication.

从《青衣》到The Moon Opera——毕飞宇小说英译本的异域之旅

毕飞宇是我国当代著名作家,"鲁迅文学奖"获得者。他创作的《青衣》和《玉米》分别于2007年和2010年由"中国现当代文学的首席翻译家"、美国圣母大学的葛浩文(Howard Goldblatt)及其夫人林丽君(Sylvia Li-chunLin)翻译成英语,在英美出版,并获得了相当程度的认可。本文尝试以毕飞宇的《青衣》为个案,对其译介到英美世界的情况进行考察,对英译本中具体的翻译方法、翻译策略以及翻译的效果———尤其是其文学性的再现进行研究,并在此基础之上探讨中国文学走向英语世界、融入世界文学的境遇及其有效的途径。

Genetic Diversity and Relationship of Weedy Rice in Taizhou City, Jiangsu Province, China

Microsatellite markers and morphological characteristics were used to explore the genetic diversity and possible origin of weedy rice in Taizhou City, Jiangsu Province, China. Fifty-two weedy rice (Oryza sativa L.) accessions were compared with two wild rice, four hybrid rice and five cultivars using 22 simple sequence repeat (SSR) primer pairs. A total of 107 fragments were amplified, averaging 5.6 alleles per primer pair. The polymorphic index content (PIC) values ranged from 0.3077 to 0.7951, averaging at 0.5870. The average genetic distance of all samples ranged from 0.02 to 0.46 with an average of 0.262. The genetic distance among Taizhou weedy rice ranged from 0.03 to 0.44 with an average of 0.224. Cluster analysis showed that all the weedy rice accessions from Taizhou City were indica, and could be subdivided into different genotypes. The majority (86%) of weedy rice was most closely related to hybrid rice. The Taizhou weedy rice accessions were morphologically similar, but still could be delineated into indica or japonica group by some morphological traits. It is suggested that the levels of genetic and morphological diversities of weedy rice in Taizhou City are low and these weedy rice plants originated from the segregating progenies of hybrid rice that had naturally introgressed with cultivated rice.

Corrigendum: Deferoxamine promotes recovery of traumatic spinal cord injury by inhibiting ferroptosis

The original version of the article titled“Deferoxamine promotes recovery of traumatic spinal cord injury by inhibiting ferroptosis”contained typographical errors in Graphical Abstract and Abstract section.In Graphical Abstract,cystine was incorrectly written as cysteine(Additional file 1).In Abstract section,“A rat model of spinal cord injury at thoracic 10 segment…”was incorrectly written as“A rat model of Deferoxamine at thoracic 10 segment…”,“Simultaneously,the sham and spinal cord injury group served as…”was incorrectly written as“Simultaneously,the Sham and Deferoxamine groups served as…”,“…iron-responsive element-binding protein 2(IREB2)were up-regulated in the spinal cord injury group”was incorrectly written as“…iron-responsive element-binding protein 2(IREB2)were up-regulated in the Deferoxamine group”.

Erratum to: Squeezing rock conditions at phyllite-slate zone in Golab water conveyance tunnel, Iran: A case study

Authors’ first and last names were interchanged in the original version of the article and they should be replaced as follows: Asghar Rahmati, Lohrasb Faramarzi, Mohammad Darbor.

The Sequence Modeling Method Based on ECCin Developing Program Specifications

This article discusses the developing process of the version sequencesof specifications and the formal expressions of various reconstructions including theexpansion and revision of the version at each stage. The author suggests using ECC(Extended Calculus of Construction) to describe the specifications of formal systemand using functional language ML to implement this developing process.

Erratum to: Lithium-ion full cell with high energy density using nickel-rich LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cathode and SiO-C composite anode

Erratum to: International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials Volume 25, Number 12, December 2018, Page 1473 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-018-1702-8 The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake in the HTML version. The name of the cathode in abstract was incorrect.

一部值得反复研读的信息经济学力作——评The Economics of Information

从4个方面概述《信息经济学》一书的特色。

湿热下注型肛瘘的MRI评价

目的:评估术前MRI检查对湿热下注型肛瘘的主瘘管、内口、分支及相关脓肿的诊断准确性。方法:收集311例湿热下注型肛瘘的临床及MRI资料,观察MRI影像上主瘘管的数目及走行、内口的数目及位置、分支的数目及形态,以及相关脓肿等影像学特征,并与手术结果进行严格对照,分析诊断灵敏度,评价分型准确性。结果:(1)311例湿热下注型肛瘘,男性267例,平均年龄(40.00±12.14)岁,女性44例,平均年龄(39.75±10.83)岁,体重指数(BMI)为(25.14±3.83)kg/m^(2),113例有过脓肿切开引流史。(2)311例湿热下注型肛瘘中,单纯性肛瘘195例(62.70%),复杂性肛瘘116例(37.30%),共有主瘘管371个,内口374个,分支82个(马蹄形分支14个,非马蹄形分支68个),脓肿53个,外口370个;MRI显示主瘘管、内口、分支及相关脓肿的灵敏度分别为94.61%、90.37%、93.90%和100%。(3)参考Parks分型,371个主瘘管中,窦4个,黏膜下瘘/括约肌间型205个,经括约肌型150个,括约肌上型11个,括约肌外型1个,MRI诊断分型与手术结果具有较好的一致性,κ=0.82 (95%CI 0.77~0.87)。结论:MRI对湿热下注型肛瘘主瘘管、内口、分支、脓肿及分型的诊断和评价具有重要的作用,可为中西医结合治疗提供重要信息。

帕纳秀克《红楼梦》俄文全译本底本问题刍议

20世纪下半叶,由苏联汉学家帕纳秀克翻译完成的两版《红楼梦》俄文全译本相继问世,但就俄译本所采用的中文底本,译者并没有作出详细说明,并且长期以来底本问题也未引起学界的足够重视,使得关于此问题的偏误认识延续至今。本文从具体的中俄文文本对照分析出发,详细考察了底本差异及译者的相关处理,得出如下结论:帕纳秀克所译《红楼梦》的参照底本并非人民文学出版社出版的以程乙本为底本的校注本,而是在程乙本的基础上参照了亚东重排本翻译而来。其中1958年版《红楼梦》俄译本中的诗词部分仍以程乙本中的诗词为底本,保留了程乙本中的原有内容,但1995年版俄译本中的诗词部分并非完全从程乙本翻译而来,而是与脂评本互为观照下的翻译成果。

关于《玄应音义》的音系性质和特点

进行历史文献的音韵研究时,即使该文献中含有从前人小学书等文献中引用的注音,但一般都把它们看作是与作者所反映的语音系统一致的成分而接受,且仍可保证音韵特征的全面同质性。但反切这种标音方法对于不熟悉音韵学的人而言并不容易创造。因此亦有可能并没有经过深刻检讨,而从前人文献不改字面地直接引用其中的反切,最终做出语音性质上并不同质的著作,《玄应音义》就是其一例。编写早期佛经音义时未有所能依靠的前人佛教语言学书籍,因此只好利用现有的各种小学书以及其他各种文献里的注释、注音。玄应直接从反映江东音的原本《玉篇》中引用了大量反切,最终使他的《音义》虽然也含有反映他自己母语的西北方言(秦音)特点,但整体音系特征比《切韵》更接近于《玉篇》。

《冯少墟集》版本考略

《冯少墟集》为明代关学重要人物冯从吾的文集,该集在明清两代增补多次,现存八种刻本俱出于已佚的万历四十年本。存世明刻本皆为冯氏在世时付梓,均未收录天启元年后的作品。清刻本中,康熙本内容较完整,讹误较少,是较好的版本;光绪本内容虽为最全,但讹漏较多,且打破了《冯少墟集》原有结构;《四库全书》本多有删改,且未收《冯少墟集》续集部分;《广明儒理学备考》本仅为选集。综合比较,在现存版本中康熙本最佳,后两者文献价值一般,故整理是书正集应以天启本为底本,康熙本为校本,并参校万历四十五年本、云南省图书馆藏本,续集应以康熙本为底本,光绪本为校本。

语篇连贯和人称叙事对外语学习者阅读推论表现的影响

本研究以140名非英语专业大学一年级学生为研究对象,探究文本因素对其英语阅读推论表现的影响。研究发现:(1)相较于因果倒叙的文本情境,受试在因果顺叙的文本情境下的阅读推论表现更优,该情境能让学习者花费较少的认知资源对语篇事件的因果关系进行加工;(2)第一人称叙事的优势效应需要在情节相对简单的中短篇语境中才会凸显,它能帮助学习者更积极地对语篇的情境模式展开推论;(3)在对学习者阅读推论表现的影响方面,语篇连贯和人称叙事存在交互作用。在因果顺叙语篇中,受试在第一人称叙事中的阅读推论表现要优于第三人称叙事。研究结果加深了阅读推论领域有关文本有效性的认识,厘清了语篇连贯和人称叙事在阅读推论中的影响机制问题。

明清时期《包孝肃奏议》版本源流考

清版《包孝肃奏议》版本多,刊刻原因复杂,与明版《包孝肃奏议》之间的关系密切。明版《包孝肃奏议》在传世途中,形成了不同刊刻思维和演变线。清人在刊刻《包孝肃奏议》时,参考了明庐州刊本体系和明端州刊本体系,从而形成了“明刊本系列”。同时,清人打破明人的思维定式,新刊刻成了“元版《包孝肃奏议》系列”和“张纯修本系列”的《包孝肃奏议》,并使《包孝肃奏议》刊刻事业在清代迎来了繁荣期。