Strong earthquake activity all over the world and strong-moderate earthquake ac-tivity within and near China (April 2007～May 2007)

All the data in this catalog are chosen from the ＂Preliminary Seismological Report of Chinese Seismic Stations＂ （Its abbreviation is ＂Monthly Report＂）. The catalog includes the events of M≥4.7 in and near China and M≥6 all over the world. The ＂Monthly Report＂ is monthly compiled by the Ninth Section of Institute of Geophysics, China Earthquake Administration.

Strong earthquake activity all over the world and strong-moderate earthquake ac-tivity within and near China (December 2006～January 2007)

All the data in this catalog are chosen from the ＂Preliminary Seismological Report of Chi- nese Seismic Stations＂ （Its abbreviation is ＂Monthly Report＂）. The catalog includes the events of M≥4.7 in and near China and M≥6 all over the world. The ＂Monthly Report＂ is monthly compiled by the Ninth Section of Institute of Geophysics, China Earthquake Administration.

Strong earthquake activity all over the world and strong-moderate earthquake ac-tivity within and near China (February,2006～March,2006)

All the data in this catalog are chosen from the ＂Preliminary Seismological Report of Chinese Seismic Stations＂ （Its abbreviation is ＂Monthly Report＂）. The catalog includes the events of M≥4.7 in and near China and M≥6 all over the world. The ＂Monthly Report＂ is monthly compiled by the Ninth Section of Institute of Geoohysics, China Earthquake Administration.

Strong earthquake activity all over the world and strong-moderate earthquake ac-tivity within and near China (April,2006～May,2006)

Illustration All the data in this catalog are chosen from the ＂Preliminary Seismological Report of Chinese Seismic Stations＂ （Its abbreviation is ＂Monthly Report＂）. The catalog includes the events of M≥4.7 in and near China and M≥6 all over the world. The ＂Monthly Report＂ is monthly compiled bv the Ninth Section of Institute of Geophysics, China Earthquake Administration.

淫羊藿苷抗自发性高血压大鼠肾小管上皮细胞凋亡的作用

目的观察淫羊藿苷(icariin,Ica)对自发性高血压大鼠(spontaneously hypertensive rats,SHR)肾小管上皮细胞凋亡的影响,探讨其可能的机制。方法将21只14周龄♂SHR随机分为模型组,Ica低、高剂量组(20、40 mg·kg-1,ig,bid,至26周龄),14周龄♂同源京都大鼠(WKY)为对照组,各组动物数均为7只。WKY组、模型组同期灌胃等体积双蒸水。采用HE染色观察肾脏病理学变化;原位缺口末端标记法检测肾小管上皮细胞凋亡;real time RT-PCR法检测肾Bok、Bcl-2、Bax mRNA水平;Western blot法检测肾Bcl-2、Bax、Active caspase-3蛋白表达。结果与WKY组相比,模型组肾小球囊腔狭窄且不规则,肾小球系膜基质增多,细胞排列紊乱,毛细血管扩张充血,个别肾小球出现皱缩,肾小管上皮细胞水肿、管腔狭窄;肾小管上皮细胞凋亡明显,Bok和Bax mRNA水平、Bax和Active caspase-3蛋白表达均明显上调,Bcl-2 mRNA和蛋白的水平明显下调(P<0.05或P<0.01)。与模型组比较,Ica-L组、Ica-H组肾小球囊腔增宽,肾小球系膜基质增生减少,细胞排列紊乱有所改善,毛细血管扩张充血、肾小管管腔狭窄均减轻;肾小管上皮细胞凋亡以及Bok、Bax mRNA水平和Bax蛋白表达均明显下调,IcaH组肾Bcl-2 mRNA水平和蛋白表达明显上调,Active caspase-3蛋白表达明显下调(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论淫羊藿苷可抑制SHR肾小管上皮细胞凋亡,其机制可能与下调Bax、Active caspase-3、Bok,上调Bcl-2表达有关。

In vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Golden Buckwheat Extract and Therapeutic Effect of its Preparation on Chicken Mycoplasma Infection

[Objective] This study aimed to identify the in vitro antibacterial activity of golden buckwheat extract and investigate the therapeutic effect of its preparation on mycoplasma infection. [Method] Through measuring the minimum inhibitory concentra-tion, the in vitro antibacterial activity of golden buckwheat water extract was deter-mined; meanwhile, the therapeutic effect of golden buckwheat oral solution on my-coplasma infection was determined by artificial y infecting chickens with Mycoplasma gal isepticum culture. [Results] The golden buckwheat water extract had obvious in-hibitory effects against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli, and a certain inhibitory effect on Salmonel a and Staphylococcus aureus; administration of golden buckwheat oral solution at the dose of 0.5%-1.0% continuously for 5 d had a good therapeutic effect against mycoplasma infection. [Conclusion] The study provides sci-entific bases for further study on the antibacterial activity of golden buckwheat and its application.

CBI理念下Theme-Based Approach模式在高职旅游英语课堂教学中的应用

本文介绍了CBI理念的涵义并探讨了其主要教学模式——主题模式在高职旅游英语课堂教学中的应用,为旅游英语课程的教学提供了新思路。

WRITING TO LEARN THROUGH THEME-BASED MODULES/UNITS IN THE WHOLE LANGUAGE PHILOSOPHY

In the context of Chinese learning English writing to learn and length approach is one of the highlighted concepts and practices. It entails sufficient comprehensible input and active interaction. It is found that the theme-based modules/units, if organized and performed meaningfully and closely related to the learners' life and experiences, will best integrate these three elements in the process of the second language learning, which is geared in some major aspects to the whole language philosophy. 'Writing to learn' is a product of reverse thinking. In a theme-based module/unit, a writing task of the same theme is put at its end with some requirements for language enhancement. It serves as an engine to learn other skills. In reality, it is not writing alone that functions in the SLA, but writing at the final stage that requires comprehended input and good qualitative interaction together to fuel SLA. An experiment of 20 weeks shows the positive results for the model.

Tectono-Sedimentary History of Southeastern Coast Region,China:a Synthesis

According to the ideas and concepts of systems dynamic of continent structure, using previous information related to the study area, combining analyses on orogenic belt, basin and magmatic rock, the present paper synthesizes the tectono - sedimentary development of southeastern coast region, China, with special emphasis on the mountain making, basining and magmatic activity. The tectonic evolution after Late Caledonian orogeny was dominated by alternating rifting and converging, subsiding and uplifting, mountain making and basining in central and southern parts of southeastern China and the adjacent regions to the east and west. Seventeen geologic events , nine events of plate or terrain convergence , and continental crust accretion , as well as eight events of intracontinental rifting and basin faulting , are closely related to the tectonic and sedimentary evolution of the study area . The accompanied intense and frequent sedimentation , folding , faulting , magmatism and ore- forming process allowed huge coal , multimetal and potential petroleum source rocks to form in local depressions throughout the Caledonian to Himalavan time .

Studies on Tricyclohexyltin ( Ⅳ ) Diaryldithiophosphates

Fourteen new tricyclohexyltin (Ⅳ)-O,O-diaryldithiophosphates were synthesized and determined by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, 119Sn NMR MS, and elemental analysis. The structures of all the compounds consist of discrete molecule containing a four-coordinated tin atom. Results from the preliminary biological test show that these compounds have a high miticidal activity.

Strong earthquake activity all over the world and strong-moderate earthquake activity within and near China （August, 2005-September, 2005）

All the data in this catalog are chosen from the ＂Preliminary Seismological Report of Chinese Seismic Stations＂ （Its abbreviation is ＂Monthly Report＂）. The catalog includes the events of M≥4.7 in and near China and M≥6 all over the world. The ＂Monthly Report＂ is monthly compiled by the Ninth Section of Institute of Geophysics, China EarthQuake Administration.

Strong earthquake activity all over the world and strong-moderate earthquake activity within and near China （December 2005～January 2006）

Illustration All the data in this catalog are chosen from the ＂Preliminary Seismological Report of Chinese Seismic Stations＂ （Its abbreviation is ＂Monthly Report＂）. The catalog includes the events of M≥4.7 in and near China and M≥6 all over the world. The ＂Monthly Report＂ is monthly compiled by the Ninth Section of Institute of Geophysics, China Earthquake Administration.

OPTIMIZING THE LIMITED RESOURCES FOR MORE EFFICIENCY IN TEACHER DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS IN CHINA

本文是国家社科基金项目"中国高校英语教师师资培养模式研究"的研究成果。文章在全国范围内进行的一项教师发展需求调查的基础上,讨论了教师发展需求与供给的矛盾、教学理念与课堂行为的差异以及教师在科研认识上存在的问题,并对目前几种主要的教师发展模式进行了描述和探索。作者提出短期、专题性培养是解决目前教师发展需求多样化问题的一种有效途径,进而推出一个有待于通过实践和理论进行检验和完善的高校英语教师发展模式。

Effect of Yiqihuoxue prescription on myocardial energy metabolism after myocardial infarction via cross talk of liver kinase B1-depen-dent Notch1 and adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of Yiqihuoxue prescription(YQHX) from Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) on myocardial glucose and lipid metabolism after myocardial infarction via the cross talk between the liver kinase B1(LKB1)-dependent Notch1 and adenosine 5'-monophosphate(AMP)-activated protein kinase(AMPK). YQHX was prepared with substances with properties that benefit, to activate blood circulation based on the TCM theory.METHODS: Animal models of myocardial infarction were established by ligating Sprague Dawley rats' left anterior descending coronary arteries. The animals were randomly divided into a myocardial infarction(MI) group, a YQHX group, a perindopril group, a γ-secretase inhibitor, Notch signal inhibitor(DAPT) group, a DAPT+YQHX group and a sham group. The related drugs were administered on the second day after operation, and changes in the relevant indexes were examined on weeks 1 and 4.Changes in cardiac structure and function were examined by echocardiography. The glucose and free fatty acids(FFA) were examined by ELISA. The expression of Notch, LKB1 and AMPK m RNA was examined by a real-time fluorescence quantitative method. The expression of glucose transporter 4(GLUT4), and the expression of total acetyl-Co A carboxylase(ACC) and its phosphorylation were examined by western blotting.RESULTS: Compared with the sham group, the expression of Notch, LKB1 and AMPK m RNA in the MI group was lower. Compared with the MI group, the expression of these m RNAs in the YQHX and perindopril groups was higher, and their expression in the DAPT group was lower. At all time points, the protein expression of GLUT4 and p ACC decreased in the MI group. On week 1, the expression of p ACC protein was higher. In the DAPT group, the expression of p ACC protein decreased. Compared with the YQHX group, the expression of p ACC protein in the DAPT + YQHX group was lower. On week 4,compared with the MI group, the expression of GLUT4 protein in the YQHX group and the perindo-pril group was higher. The expression of GLUT4 protein in the DAPT group decreased. Compared with the YQHX group, the expression of GLUT4 protein in the DAPT+YQHX group was lower. There was no significant difference in the expression of ACC protein between the groups.CONCLUSION: YQHX promoted cross talk between the LKB1-dependent Notch1 and AMPK in myocardial tissue after myocardial infarction. Furthermore,it regulated the glucose and lipid metabolism of cardiomyocytes at different time points, thereby ameliorating the cardiac energy metabolism via different mechanisms and protecting the heart.

GPCR activation:protonation and membrane potential

GPCR proteins represent the largest family of signaling membrane proteins in eukaryotic cells.Their importance to basic cell biology,human diseases,and pharma-ceutical interventions is well established.Many crystal structures of GPCR proteins have been reported in both active and inactive conformations.These data indicate that agonist binding alone is not suffi cient to trigger the conformational change of GPCRs necessary for binding of downstream G-proteins,yet other essential factors re-main elusive.Based on analysis of available GPCR crystal structures,we identifi ed a potential conformational switch around the conserved Asp2.50,which consistently shows distinct conformations between inactive and active states.Combining the structural information with the current literature,we propose an energy-coupling mechanism,in which the interaction between a charge change of the GPCR protein and the membrane potential of the living cell plays a key role for GPCR activation.

Sustained local delivery of insulin for potential improvement of peri-implant bone formation in diabetes

Dental implantation is an effective standard treatment modality to restore missing teeth and maxillofacial defects. However, in diabetics there is an increased risk for implant failure due to impaired peri-implant osseous healing. Early topical insulin treat- ment was recently shown to normalize diabetic bone healing by rectifying impairments in osteoblastic activities. In this study, insulin/poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres were prepared by a double-emulsion solvent evaporation method. Microspheres were then incorporated in fibrin gel to develop a local drug delivery system for diabetic patients requiring im- plant treatment. In vitro release of insulin from fibrin gel loaded with these microspheres was assessed, and sustained prolonged insulin release over 21 days ascertained. To assess the bioactivity of released insulin and determine whether slow release might improve impaired diabetic bone formation, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralized nodule formation, and ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) assays were performed. The insulin released from the drug delivery system stimulated cell growth in previously inhibited cells, and ameliorated the impaired bone-forming ability of human MG-63 cells under high glucose conditions. Fibrin gel loaded with insulin/PLGA microspheres shows potential for improving peri-implant bone formation in diabetic patients.

Enhanced plasma factor Ⅷ activity in mice via cysteine mutation using dual vectors

Hemophilia A is caused by a genetic mutation in coagulation factor VIII （FVIII） gene and gene therapy is considered to be a promising strategy for its treatment. We recently demonstrated that co-delivery of two vectors expressing M662C mutated heavy and D1828C mutated light chain genes of B-domain-deleted coagulation factor VIII （BDD-FVIII） leads to inter-chain disulfide cross-linking and improved heavy chain secretion in vitro. In this study, co-injection of both M662C and D1828C mutated BDD-FVIII gene expression vectors into mice resulted in increased heavy chain secretion and coagulation activity in plasma in vivo. Approximately （239＋_56） ng mL-1 above endogenous levels of transgenic FVIII heavy chain was found in mouse plasma using a chain-specific ELISA. For FVIII coagulation activity, approximately （1.09＋_0.25） IU mL-1 above en- dogenous levels were detected in co-injected transgenic mouse plasma using a chromogenic assay. These data demonstrate that inter-chain disulfide bonds likely increase heavy chain secretion and coagulation activity in the plasma of transgenic mice with an improved efficacy of a dual-vector delivery of BDD-FVIII gene. These findings support our ongoing efforts to develop a gene therapy for hemophilia A treatment using dual-AAV vectors.